Michel Jouvet
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Reverted edits by [[Special:Contributions/134.117.38.121|134.117.38.121]] ([[User talk:134.117.38.121|talk]]) to last version by BotMultichill
'''Michel Valentin Marcel Jouvet''' (born [[November 16]], [[1925]] in the [[Franche-Comté]] [[Region]] of [[France]]) is [[Emeritus]] Professor of Experimental Medicine at the [[University of Lyon]]. He spent one year in the laboratory of the Pr Magoun in [[Long Beach, California]] in [[1955]]. Since this date, he undertakes research of Experimental [[Neurophysiology]] in the Faculty of Medicine of Lyon and of [[Clinical Neurophysiology]] in the Neurological Hospital of Lyon.
Experimental Medicine Professor at the University of LYON 1, he was the Director ot the Research Unit INSERM U 52 ([[Molecular]] [[Onirology]]) and of the Associated Unit UA 1195 of the CNRS (states of vigilance [[Neurobiology]]).
He described the electroencephalogram signs of cerebral death in 1959, and in 1961 categorized sleep into two different states: telencephalic (slow wave) sleep and rhombencephalic sleep (paradoxical sleep, known as REM sleep in English-language writings on the subject).
In ''The Paradox of Sleep'' (MIT Press, 1999) Jouvet proposed the speculative theory that the purpose of dreaming is a kind of iterative neurological programming that works to preserve an individual's psychological heredity, the basis of personality.
He was elected in [[1977]] to the [[French Academy of Sciences]] and has received the Intra-Sciences Prize in the [[United States]] in [[1981]] and the Prize of the Foundation for the Medical Research in [[1983]]. In [[1991]] he was awarded the prestigious [[Prix mondial Cino Del Duca]].
His works, and those of his team, have brought about the discovery of [[paradoxical sleep]] and to its individualisation as the third state of functioning of the brain in [[1959]], to the discovery of its [[Phylogenetics|phylogenesis]], of its [[Ontogeny|ontogenesis]] and its main mechanisms.
==Cat dreams==
In [[1959]] Michel Jouvet conducted several experements on [[cat]]s regarding muscle atonia ([[paralysis]]) during [[REM sleep]]. Jouvet demonstrated that the generation of REM sleep depends on an intact [[pontine tegmentum]] and that REM atonia is due to an inhibition of motor centres in the [[medulla oblongata]]. Cats with [[lesions]] around the [[locus pericoeruleus]] have less restricted muscle movement during REM sleep, and show a variety of complex behaviours including motor patterns suggesting that they are dreaming of attack, defence and exploration.
==See also==
*[[Dream]]
*[[Sleep]]
==External links==
*[http://ura1195-6.univ-lyon1.fr/jouvet/en/index.html Information on Michel Jouvet, with more extensive bibliography links]
*[http://www.sanp.ch/pdf/2005/2005-08/2005-08-134.PDF Lots of information on dreams, with a section involving Michel Jouvet]
{{DEFAULTSORT:Jouvet, Michel Valentin Marcel}}
[[Category:1925 births]]
[[Category:French educators]]
[[Category:Medical researchers]]
[[Category:Sleep researchers]]
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:Members of the French Academy of Sciences]]
[[Category:Neurobiologists]]
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