NKVD Order No. 00486
1178769
208471518
2008-04-27T05:53:15Z
Kyle Barbour
337167
moved [[NKVD Order № 00486]] to [[NKVD Order No. 00486]]: move from unnecessarily complicated title - I can't see why the № is needed, and you should always default to ASCII
[[Image:First Group of Five Move Out.jpg|thumb|300px|right|Women prisoners in Gulag]]
The '''[[NKVD]] Order № 00486''' <ref>(full name: ''Operational Order of [[People's Commissar]] of Internal Affairs of the [[USSR]] by [[August 15]], [[1937]] # 00486'') </ref> instructed about [[political repression|repression]] of wives of [[enemy of the people]] also known as ''"traitors of the Motherland, members of Right-[[Trotskyist]] spying-diversional organizations convicted by [[NKVD Order № 00447|first and second category]] since [[1 August]] [[1936]]"''. It was signed by [[Nikolai Yezhov]] acting both as chief of NKVD and General Commissar of State Security (chief of [[GUGB]]).
While the preamble of the order spoke only about the wives, the body set instructions with respect to wives, "socially-dangerous children of age over 15 years" and children under 15 years. Therefore this order is known as ''Order about '''Traitor of Motherland Family Members''''' (Приказ о '''ЧСИР''' (о членах семей изменников Родины)).
This order was a base element of the legal system of the [[Great Purge]]. It introduced a new category of the inmates and was referred in many subsequent NKVD orders. The [[NKVD Order № 00689]] [[#Partial recall|partially recalled]] some of its extremities.
== Summary ==
All cases were to be considered by the [[Special Council of the NKVD]].
Wives were subject to imprisonment into [[labor camp]]s for terms "at least 5–8 years".
"Socially dangerous" children were to be placed in labor camps, corrective labor colonies, or special-regimen [[orphanage]]s (детские дома особого режима).
The remaining orphaned children were to be placed in ordinary orphanages or to non-convicted relatives (if the latter ones wish).
The order had elements of [[humanism]]: wives with breast-fed children, ill or with ill children were not arrested. They were moved to labor camps later: breast-feeders after the verdict, those with illness after the recovery.
Personnel of the orphanages to house the children of the convicted was to be purged and refitted with politically reliable staff to properly supervise the "correction" of the children.
The order also instructed that in the future wives of the traitors of the Motherland should be arrested simultaneously with their husbands.
== Implementation ==
<!-- One has to write more here -->
According to this order a number of specialized [[labor camp]]s were installed, for different categories of relatives: for wives, for breast-feeding wives, for elderly wives, for children.
During the Great Purge the orphanages became overcrowded, and the country was flooded with runaway orphans, greatly increasing the [[juvenile delinquency]], once again since the [[Russian Civil War]].
== Partial recall ==
As an element of the rollback of [[Yezhovshchina]], on [[October 17]], [[1938]] the [[NKVD Order № 00689]] signed by [[Lavrenty Beria]] instructed to arrest only those wives who were informed about the counter-revolutionary activity of their husbands or there was information about their "political untrustworthy and socially dangerous attitudes or utterances". The requirement of simultaneous arrests was also reversed. The implementation for those who were not relieved by this order remained the same.
==References==
{{reflist}}
== Wikisource ==
*[[s:ru:Приказ НКВД № 00486|Full text for 00486 in Russian language]]
*[[s:ru:Приказ НКВД № 00689|Full text for 00689 in Russian language]]
[[Category:NKVD]]
[[Category:Official documents of the Soviet Union]]
[[Category:Collective punishment]]