Nathaniel Branden 188436 226021409 2008-07-16T13:59:25Z 63.147.251.73 /* Post-Objectivist career */ {{Intro-tooshort|date=July 2008}} '''Nathaniel Branden''', né '''Nathan Blumenthal''' (born [[9 April]] [[1930]] in [[Brampton, Ontario|Brampton]], [[Ontario]], [[Canada]]) is a [[psychotherapy|psychotherapist]] and writer best known today for his work in the psychology of [[self-esteem]]. A one-time associate of novelist [[Ayn Rand]], Branden had a prominent role in promoting Rand's [[philosophy]], [[Objectivist philosophy|Objectivism]]. ==Biography== Branden received a BA in psychology from the [[University of California Los Angeles]], an MA from [[New York University]],<ref>Sciabarra, Chris Matthew. [http://www.nyu.edu/pages/projects/sciabarra/fem/fembio.htm Introduction: Contributors Biographies]. Online presentation of ''Feminist Interpretations of Ayn Rand''. Retrieved 1 June 2007.</ref> and in 1973, a [[Doctor of Philosophy|Ph.D.]] in psychology<ref>Branden, Nathaniel (1999). ''My Years with Ayn Rand''. Jossey-Bass; 1999. ISBN 0787945137, p.370.</ref><ref>Walker, Jeff (1998). ''The Ayn Rand Cult''. Open Court, 1998. ISBN 0812693906, p. 156.</ref> from the [[California Graduate Institute]], an unaccredited, state-approved school whose graduates may be licensed by the State to practice psychology.<ref>According to the State of California Board of Psychology, the California Graduate Institute is an [[School accreditation#Unaccredited institutions|unaccredited institution]] approved by the [[California Bureau of Private Postsecondary and Vocational Education]] (BPPVE). See [http://www.psychboard.ca.gov/licensing/unaccredited.htm Unaccredited California Approved Schools: A History and Current Status Report]. Government, State of California. Retrieved 1 March 2007. </ref> In 1950, after having become a fan of her novels and exchanged letters and phone calls, the 19-year-old Branden met Rand. The pair went on to develop an eighteen-year personal and professional relationship. Eventually, Rand and the much younger Branden had a romantic affair. While both were married to other people at the time, they persuaded their spouses to accept it. According to [[Barbara Branden]], "the affair was agonizingly painful", both to her and Rand's husband.<ref>Reedstrom, Karen. [http://barbarabranden.com/interview4.html 1992 Interview with Full Context]. Barbara Branden interview in ''Full Context'', October 1992. Republished on barbarabranden.com. Retrieved 1 June 2007.</ref> For many years Branden was considered to be the leading figure in the Objectivist movement, second only to Rand herself. He was the leader of a group of Rand's closest associates known as [[the Ayn Rand Collective|The Collective]], which also included his wife Barbara Branden and [[Alan Greenspan]]. Rand considered him to be her [[soul mate]] and designated him her "intellectual heir". In 1958 Branden founded the [[Nathaniel Branden Institute]] to promote Objectivism through guest lectures and educational seminars around the United States. The NBI became enormously successful, and soon had representatives all over the US and around the world. In "[[Atlas Shrugged]]", which Rand wrote at the time and considered as her magnum opus, "Nathaniel" was the name of heroic 19th Century railroad builder, the ancestor which the book's main protagonist seeks to emulate and whose picture she keeps on her wall throughout the book. In 1968, the close relationship between Rand and Branden came to an abrupt end. Rand discovered that Branden, after having separated from his wife in 1965 and terminated his affair with Rand due to the age difference, was having a sexual relationship with a third woman, actress [[Patrecia Scott]], against Rand's wishes and without her knowledge.<ref>Branden, Nathaniel (1968). [http://www.barbarabranden.com/answer-nathaniel.html ''In Answer to Ayn Rand: Part 1 of 2''], October 16, 1968. Republished on barabarabranden.com. Retrieved 1 June 2007.</ref> Rand then expelled Branden from the Objectivist movement. She published a letter in ''The Objectivist'' repudiating Branden for various general reasons, including dishonesty, but did not mention their affair. The two never reconciled, and Branden remained ''[[persona non grata]]'' to the mainline Objectivist movement, particularly the group that would go on to form the [[Ayn Rand Institute]]. Shortly thereafter, Branden moved to [[California]] and married Scott (a divorce with Barbara having occurred before his break with Ayn). In 1977, Scott unexpectedly died at home due to what was thought to be an [[epileptic seizure]] triggered by sunlight off the water in the pool while feeding their dog. Branden married a third time in 1978, wedding businesswoman Devers Israel, from whom he is also divorced.<ref>Branden, Nathaniel (1996). [http://www.nathanielbranden.com/ayn/ayn04.html Devers Branden and Ayn Rand]. Excised Part 4 of pre-final version of Judgment Day, published at nathanialbranden.com. Retrieved 1 June 2007.</ref> Branden retained a friendly relationship with first wife Barbara, who wrote a successful book entitled ''[[The Passion of Ayn Rand]]'' which detailed Branden's relationship with Rand and the bitter breakup. The book was made into a motion picture in 1999 starring [[Helen Mirren]] as Rand and [[Eric Stoltz]] as Branden.<ref>[http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0140447/ The Passion of Ayn Rand (1999)]. IMDb. Retrieved 2 March 2007.</ref> ==Post-Objectivist career== In 1989 Branden published his account of this time in his life. The memoir was entitled ''Judgment Day''. Then in 1999, Branden re-published a revised edition, entitled ''My Years with Ayn Rand''. Branden's account provides an inside view of Ayn Rand as a person, the development of Objectivism, its inner circle, and the tumultuous relationships between Ayn Rand and her associates. Branden supported [[David Kelley]]'s notion of Objectivism as an "open system" in a 1999 article he wrote, "Who Owns Objectivism?".<ref>Branden, Nathaniel (1999). [http://web.archive.org/web/20000819131123/http://www.dailyobjectivist.com/Connect/whoownsobjectivism.asp "Who Owns Objectivism?"]. TDO 25 December 1999. Retrieved 2 March 2007.</ref> Branden has since rejected certain elements of the Objectivist philosophy, particularly its [[cognitivism (psychology)|cognitivist]] view of psychology, and his memoirs chronicle many of what he charges to be emotionally repressive elements of Rand, some of which he argues show up in her fiction. He likewise argued that followers' obsession with Rand herself led to an unhealthy [[cult of personality]] within the movement, damaging the common-sense of both Rand and other Objectivists. Branden has also been known to talk freely of his interest matters that Rand would have considered "mystic," and has had a publicized relationship with [[Ken Wilbur]]. However, while Branden has claimed that Wilbur is " one of the most brilliant minds I have ever encountered," he also states that "[i]f you are familiar with Ken's ideas, you know that he and I have our disagreements, much as I admire his work. Ken is a [[Mysticism|mystic]]. I am not." Branden has retained most of his ''[[laissez-faire]]'' [[capitalism |capitalist]] views, though some of these have changed since the split with Rand: for example, he says he "will leave the door open for emergency situations that I just can’t imagine being resolved in a [[market|free market]] context [like natural disasters and epidemics]. If they could be, then they should be. But the fact of emergencies should not be made as justification for violating individual rights, so as you can see, it’s a very tiny difference." In addition to changing his views on Objectivism, he now views ''Objectivists'' differently: "Philosophical principles are no substitute for thinking, yet many Objectivists act as if they were."<ref name="Mouhibian">Mouhibian, Alec (2004). [http://www.nathanielbranden.com/ess/int02.html Free Radical Interview with Nathaniel Branden]. The Free Radical, October-November 2004. Retrieved 2 March 2007.</ref> In addition, Branden has retained his support for Objectivist Meta-Ethics. In his book "Honoring the Self" (Branden, 1983), he devotes Chapter 12 to a defense of Ayn Rand's Meta-Ethical theory. To quote Branden on the subject, "I think the foundation of her ethics is an unassailable contribution" (Branden 1983, p205). As a psychologist Branden has elucidated the crucial role of [[self-esteem]] in psychological health, and has outlined the [[Volition (psychology)|volitional]] practices he has observed to be essential to achieving and maintaining self-esteem. As a therapist, he developed the sentence completion method, a psychotherapeutic tool proposed as useful for making unconscious thoughts and feelings conscious, and to transform limiting beliefs and attitudes. Currently, he tends to use a blend of sentence completion exercises, exercises derived from energy therapy, humor, and "just plain talking" in his therapy practice. Nathaniel Branden continues to write and practice psychotherapy in [[Los Angeles, California]], as well as present seminars and workshops on self-esteem. He is affiliated with the [[United States Libertarian Party]], though he was unenthusiastic about it in the [[2004 election]].<ref name="Mouhibian" /> ==Books== * ''[[Who Is Ayn Rand?]]'' (with [[Barbara Branden]]) (1962) * ''[[The Virtue of Selfishness]]'' (with [[Ayn Rand]]) (1964) * ''[[Capitalism: The Unknown Ideal]]'' (with [[Ayn Rand]], [[Alan Greenspan]], and [[Robert Hessen]]) (1966) * ''[[The Psychology of Self-Esteem]]'' (1969) * ''[[Breaking Free (Branden)|Breaking Free]]'' (1970) * ''[[The Disowned Self]]'' (1971) * ''[[The Psychology of Romantic Love]]'' (1980) * ''[[The Romantic Love Question & Answer Book]]'' (1982) * ''[[Honoring the Self]]'' (1983) * ''[[How To Raise Your Self Esteem]]'' (1987) * ''[[Judgement Day (Branden)|Judgement Day]]'' (1989) * ''[[The Power of Self-Esteem]]'' (1992) * ''[[The Art of Self Discovery]]'' (1993) * ''[[The Six Pillars of Self-Esteem]]'' (1994) * ''[[Taking Responsibility]]'' (1996) * ''[[The Art of Living Consciously]]'' (1997) * ''[[A Woman's Self-Esteem]]'' (1998) * ''[[Self-Esteem at Work]]'' (1998) * ''[[My Years with Ayn Rand]]'' (1999) (revised edition of ''Judgement Day'') * 32nd Anniversary Edition of ''Psychology of Self-Esteem'' (2001) Nathaniel Branden's 20 books have been translated into 18 languages, with more than 4 million copies in print. ==Notes and references== {{reflist}} * Valliant, James S. (2005) ''The Passion of Ayn Rand's Critics'', Dallas: Durban House. ISBN 1-930754-67-1. This book alleges errors in his biographical work on Ayn Rand. == External links == {{Wikiquote}} * [http://www.nathanielbranden.com NathanielBranden.com] * [http://www.eqi.org/branden.htm Notes from Branden's books and tapes] * {{WiredForBooks|nathanielbranden|1989 interview with Nathaniel Branden|by [[Don Swaim]]}} * [http://video.google.com/videoplay?docid=-4870933885859313904&q=Ayn+Rand&hl=en ''The Libertarian Alternative - Ayn Rand and Objectivism''] (Interview with Nathaniel Branden on Google video, 2006) * [http://www.booknotes.org/Transcript/?ProgramID=1424 ''Booknotes'' interview with Branden on ''Judgement Day: My Years with Ayn Rand'', July 2, 1989.] <!-- Metadata: see [[Wikipedia:Persondata]] --> {{Persondata |NAME = Branden, Nathaniel |ALTERNATIVE NAMES = Nathan Blumenthal |SHORT DESCRIPTION = [[psychotherapy|psychotherapist]], writer |DATE OF BIRTH = [[9 April]] [[1930]] |PLACE OF BIRTH = [[Brampton, Ontario|Brampton]], [[Ontario]], [[Canada]] |DATE OF DEATH = |PLACE OF DEATH = }} {{DEFAULTSORT:Branden, Nathaniel}} [[Category:1930 births]] [[Category:American libertarians]] [[Category:American psychologists]] [[Category:Canadian self-help writers]] [[Category:Canadian expatriate writers in the United States]] [[Category:Canadian libertarians]] [[Category:Canadian non-fiction writers]] [[Category:Canadian psychologists]] [[Category:Critics of Objectivism]] [[Category:Former Objectivists]] [[Category:Living people]] [[Category:New York University alumni]] [[Category:Psychologists]] [[Category:Minarchists]] [[Category:Ontario writers]] [[Category:People from Brampton, Ontario]] [[Category:University of California, Los Angeles alumni]] [[de:Nathaniel Branden]] [[es:Nathaniel Branden]] [[sv:Nathaniel Branden]] [[fa:ناتانيل براندن]]