Netherlands New Guinea
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{{expand-using-translation|[[:nl:Nederlands Nieuw-Guinea]]}}
{{Infobox Former Country
|native_name = ''Nederlands Nieuw-Guinea''
|conventional_long_name = Netherlands New Guinea
|common_name = New Guinea
|
|continent = Asia
|region = Southeast Asia
|country = Indonesia
|era = Cold War
|status = Colony
|empire = Netherlands
|
|year_start = 1945
|year_end = 1962
|event_start =
|date_start = December 29
|event_end =
|date_end = October 1
|
|p1 = Dutch East Indies
|flag_p1 = Flag of the Netherlands.svg
|s1 = UNTEA
|flag_s1 = Flag of the United Nations.svg
|image_flag = Flag of West Papua.svg
|flag = Flag of West Papua
|image_coat = West-Papua1961-6.JPG
|symbol_type = Coat of arms
|symbol = Coat of arms of Netherlands New Guinea
|image_map = LocationWestPapua.svg
|image_map_caption = Netherlands New Guinea
|capital = Hollandia
|national_motto = ''Setia, djudjur, Mesra''
|national_anthem = Hai Tanahku Papua
|common_languages = [[Dutch language|Dutch]], various [[Papuan languages|Papuan]] and [[Austronesian languages|Austronesian]] languages
|currency = [[Netherlands New Guinean gulden]]
|stat_year1 =
|stat_area1 = 420540
|stat_pop1 =
}}
[[Image:NetherlandsNewGuinea-1916.jpg|300px|thumb|Dutch expeditions in Netherlands New Guinea in 1907–1915.]]
'''Netherlands New Guinea''' was the official name of [[Western New Guinea]] while it was a colonial possession of the [[Netherlands]]. It was commonly known as '''Dutch New Guinea'''. It is currently [[Indonesia]]'s two easternmost provinces, [[Papua (Indonesian province)|Papua]] and [[West Irian Jaya]] (administered as one single unit prior to 2003 under the name ''[[Irian Jaya]]'').
From [[1898]] to [[1949]], Dutch New Guinea was governed as part of the [[Dutch East Indies]].
In 1949, when the rest of the Dutch East Indies became fully independent as Indonesia, the Dutch retained sovereignty over western New Guinea, and took steps to prepare it for independence as a separate country. Some five thousand teachers were flown there. The Dutch put an emphasis upon political, business, and civic skills. The first local naval cadets graduated in [[1955]] and the first army brigade become operational in [[1956]].
Elections were held across Dutch New Guinea in [[1959]] and an elected [[New Guinea Council]] officially took office on [[5 April]] [[1961]], to prepare for full independence by the end of that decade. The Dutch endorsed the council's selection of a new [[Hai Tanahku Papua|national anthem]] and the [[Flag of West Papua|Morning Star]] as the new national flag on [[1 December]] [[1961]].
Indonesia attempted to invade the region on [[18 December]] [[1961]]. Following some skirmishes between Indonesian and Dutch forces an [[New York Agreement|agreement]] was reached and the territory was placed under [[United Nations Temporary Executive Authority|United Nations]] administration in October [[1962]] It was subsequently transferred to Indonesia in May [[1963]]. The territory was formally annexed by Indonesia in [[1969]] after a controversial [[Act of Free Choice|plebiscite]] was conducted by the Indonesian military.
==See also==
*[[Papua]]
*[[New Guinea]]
*[[Kaiser-Wilhelmsland]]
*[[Western New Guinea]]
*[[British New Guinea]]
*[[German New Guinea]]
*[http://www.worldstatesmen.org/Indonesia.htm#Netherlands-New-Guinea Profile at World Statesman]
{{Dutch colonies}}
[[Category:Western New Guinea]]
[[Category:Dutch East Indies]]
[[de:Niederländisch-Neuguinea]]
[[id:Nugini Belanda]]
[[nl:Nederlands Nieuw-Guinea]]
[[zh:荷屬新幾內亞]]