Neuregulin
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2008-05-27T14:12:11Z
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The '''Neuregulins''' are a family of four structurally-related proteins that are part of the [[epidermal growth factor family|EGF family]] of proteins. These proteins have been shown to have diverse functions in the development of the [[nervous system]].
==Neuregulin family members==
The neuregulin family includes:
* '''[[Neuregulin-1]]''' ('''NRG1'''), with numerous discovered [[isoform]]s stemming from [[alternative splicing]]:
** '''Type I NRG1'''; alternative names: Heregulin, NEU differentiation factor (NDF), or acetylcholine receptor inducing activity (ARIA)
** '''Type II NRG1'''; alternative name: Glial Growth Factor-2 (GGF2);
** '''Type III NRG1'''; alternative name: Sensory and motor neuron-derived factor (SMDF);
** '''Type IV NRG1''';
** '''Type V NRG1''';
** '''Type VI NRG1'''; Types IV-VI are proteins with 3 novel N-terminal domains identified in 2004.<!--
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* '''Neuregulin-2''' ('''NRG2''');
* '''Neuregulin-3''' ('''NRG3''');
* '''Neuregulin-4''' ('''NRG4''');
In mammals, neuregulin family members are the products the 4 genes {{Gene|NRG1}}, {{Gene|NRG2}}, {{Gene|NRG3}} and {{Gene|NRG4}} respectively.
==ARIA==
ARIA plays a role in [[synapse]] development, influencing the [[upregulation]] of [[acetylcholine receptor]] genes beneath the endplate after mammalian [[motor neurons]] have made synaptic contact with muscle fibres, hence its name ARIA = '''A'''cetylcholine '''R'''eceptor '''I'''nducing '''A'''ctivity.
== In fish, birds, and earthworms ==
NRG-1,2,3 have been found in fish and birds.
mRNA similar to mammalian Pro-NRG2 precursor hase been found in ''humus earthworm'' [[Lumbricidae]].
== External links ==
* {{OMIM|142445}} - NRG1
* {{OMIM|603818}} - NRG2
* {{MeshName|Neuregulins}}
== References ==
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{{biochem-stub}}
{{Nerve growth factor family}}
[[ru:Нейрегулины]]