Neuregulin 2005686 215277521 2008-05-27T14:12:11Z DOI bot 6652755 Citation maintenance. Please [[User:DOI_bot/bugs|report any bugs]] to [[User_talk:Smith609|the bot's operator]]. You can [[WP:DOI|use this bot]] yourself! The '''Neuregulins''' are a family of four structurally-related proteins that are part of the [[epidermal growth factor family|EGF family]] of proteins. These proteins have been shown to have diverse functions in the development of the [[nervous system]]. ==Neuregulin family members== The neuregulin family includes: * '''[[Neuregulin-1]]''' ('''NRG1'''), with numerous discovered [[isoform]]s stemming from [[alternative splicing]]: ** '''Type I NRG1'''; alternative names: Heregulin, NEU differentiation factor (NDF), or acetylcholine receptor inducing activity (ARIA) ** '''Type II NRG1'''; alternative name: Glial Growth Factor-2 (GGF2); ** '''Type III NRG1'''; alternative name: Sensory and motor neuron-derived factor (SMDF); ** '''Type IV NRG1'''; ** '''Type V NRG1'''; ** '''Type VI NRG1'''; Types IV-VI are proteins with 3 novel N-terminal domains identified in 2004.<!-- --><ref name="pmid15527969">{{cite journal |author=Steinthorsdottir V, Stefansson H, Ghosh S, Birgisdottir B, Bjornsdottir S, Fasquel AC, Olafsson O, Stefansson K, Gulcher JR |title=Multiple novel transcription initiation sites for NRG1 |journal=Gene |volume=342 |issue=1 |pages=97–105 |year=2004 |pmid=15527969 |doi=10.1016/j.gene.2004.07.029}}</ref><!-- --> * '''Neuregulin-2''' ('''NRG2'''); * '''Neuregulin-3''' ('''NRG3'''); * '''Neuregulin-4''' ('''NRG4'''); In mammals, neuregulin family members are the products the 4 genes {{Gene|NRG1}}, {{Gene|NRG2}}, {{Gene|NRG3}} and {{Gene|NRG4}} respectively. ==ARIA== ARIA plays a role in [[synapse]] development, influencing the [[upregulation]] of [[acetylcholine receptor]] genes beneath the endplate after mammalian [[motor neurons]] have made synaptic contact with muscle fibres, hence its name ARIA = '''A'''cetylcholine '''R'''eceptor '''I'''nducing '''A'''ctivity. == In fish, birds, and earthworms == NRG-1,2,3 have been found in fish and birds. mRNA similar to mammalian Pro-NRG2 precursor hase been found in ''humus earthworm'' [[Lumbricidae]]. == External links == * {{OMIM|142445}} - NRG1 * {{OMIM|603818}} - NRG2 * {{MeshName|Neuregulins}} == References == <div class="references-small"> <references/> </div> {{biochem-stub}} {{Nerve growth factor family}} [[ru:Нейрегулины]]