Neuroanatomy 337196 226067059 2008-07-16T18:02:28Z Dwayne Reed 7262504 /* Examples */ [[Image:Gehirn, medial - beschriftet lat.svg|right|thumbnail|Anatomy of the human brain.]] '''Neuroanatomy''' is the science for localizing function in the human brain. Imaging and experimental research provide the neuroscientist and clinician with the means to elucidate regions that act to produce different neurological and cognitive effects. Our functional neuroanatomical understanding is furthered through the study of the effects of lesions and pathological changes in brain structure that alter brain function. Our understanding of nervous system anatomical localization can be described at the level of neural circuitry with high resolution. ==Examples== {{main|Nervous system}} {{seealso|List of regions in the human brain}} [[Image:Structural.gif|thumb|left|Para-sagittal MRI of the head in a patient with benign familial macrocephaly. ]] The human nervous system is divided into the central and peripheral nervous systems. The [[central nervous system]] consists of the [[human brain|brain]] and [[spinal cord]], and plays a key role in controlling behavior. The [[peripheral nervous system]] is made up of all the neurons in the body outside of the central nervous system, and is further subdivided into the somatic and autonomic nervous systems. The [[somatic nervous system]] is made up of afferent neurons that convey sensory information from the sense organs to the brain and spinal cord, and efferent neurons that carry motor instructions to the muscles. The [[autonomic nervous system]] also has two subdivisions. The [[sympathetic nervous system]] is a set of nerves that activate what has been called the "fight-or-flight" response that prepares the body for action. The [[parasympathetic nervous system]] instead prepares the body to rest and conserve energy. ==External links== {{commonscat}} *[http://www.neuroanatomy.org Neuroanatomy], an annual journal of clinical neuroanatomy *[http://www.mri-tutorial.com/anatomy.html Neuroanatomy Bookshelf Essentials] *[http://www.loni.ucla.edu/Atlases/ Mouse, Rat, Primate and Human Brain Atlases (UCLA Center for Computational Biology)] *[http://brainmaps.org brainmaps.org: High-Resolution Neuroanatomically-Annotated Brain Atlases] *[http://braininfo.rprc.washington.edu/menumain.html BrainInfo for Neuroanatomy] *[http://www.sylvius.com High quality neuroanatomical visual glossary with several hundred entries] *[http://www.stjudebgem.org/web/mainPage/mainPage.php Brain Gene Expression Map], mouse gene expression neuroanatomical resource from [[St. Jude Children's Research Hospital]] *[http://brancusi.usc.edu/bkms/ Brain Architecture Management System], several atlases of brain anatomy *[http://www.dtiatlas.org White Matter Atlas], Diffusion Tensor Imaging Atlas of the Brain's White Matter Tracts ==See also== {{Neuroscience}} [[Category:Neuroanatomy| ]] [[Category:Nervous system]] [[bn:স্নায়ু-শারীরসংস্থান]] [[da:Neuroanatomi]] [[de:Neuroanatomie]] [[et:Neuroanatoomia]] [[es:Neuroanatomía]] [[fr:Neuroanatomie]] [[lt:Neuroanatomija]] [[nl:Neuroanatomie]] [[ja:神経解剖学]] [[no:Nevroanatomi]] [[pt:Neuroanatomia]] [[sv:Neuroanatomi]] [[th:ประสาทกายวิภาคศาสตร์]] [[tr:Nöroanatomi]] [[zh:神經解剖學]]