Neutrophilia
238146
219713589
2008-06-16T15:19:30Z
DumZiBoT
6085301
robot Adding: [[it:Neutrofilia]]
{{Infobox_Disease
| Name = {{PAGENAME}}
| Image =
| Caption =
| DiseasesDB = 8995
| ICD10 =
| ICD9 =
| ICDO =
| OMIM =
| MedlinePlus =
| eMedicineSubj = med
| eMedicineTopic = 3209
| MeshID =
}}
'''Neutrophilia''' (or '''neutrophil leukocytosis''') is a condition where a person has a high number of [[neutrophil granulocyte]]s in their [[blood]].
==Causes==
Neutrophils are the primary [[white blood cell]]s that respond to a [[bacteria]]l [[infection]], so the most common cause of marked neutrophilia is a bacterial infection.
Neutrophils are also increased in any [[acute inflammation]], so will be raised after a [[myocardial infarction|heart attack]] or other [[infarct]].
Drugs, such as [[prednisone]], have the same effect as [[cortisol]], causing marginated neutrophils to enter the blood stream. [[Anxiety|Nervousness]] will very slightly raise the neutrophil count because of this effect.
A neutrophilia might also be the result of a [[Malignant|malignancy]]. [[Chronic myelogenous leukemia]] (CML or chronic myeloid leukaemia) is a disease where the blood cells proliferate out of control. These cells may be neutrophils. Neutrophilia can also be caused by appendicitis.
=="Left shift"==
As well as increasing in number, neutrophils show other changes in infection and inflammation. The neutrophils tend to be younger, as they are being released more quickly; this is called a ''left shift''. A severe neutrophilia with left shift is referred to as a [[leukemoid reaction]]. The [[leukocyte alkaline phosphatase]] (LAP) score, which refers to the amount of [[alkaline phosphatase]] per neutrophil, will increase. In a severe infection, toxic granulation changes happen to the neutrophils.
== See also ==
*[[Granulocytosis]] (often used as synonym)
*[[Neutropenia]] (having too few neutrophils)
{{Hematology}}
[[Category:Hematology]]
[[de:Neutrophilie]]
[[it:Neutrofilia]]