New Brunswick, New Jersey
125433
225893589
2008-07-15T22:07:23Z
Alansohn
118722
Add more specific source for FIPS code using [[Project:AutoWikiBrowser|AWB]]
{{otheruses4|the city in New Jersey|the Canadian province|New Brunswick}}
{{Infobox Settlement
|official_name = City of New Brunswick
|settlement_type = [[City (New Jersey)]]
|nickname = Hub City<br/>The Healthcare City
|image_skyline =
|imagesize =
|image_caption =
|image_seal =
|image_map = Middlesex_County_New_Jersey_Incorporated_and_Unincorporated_areas_New_Brunswick_Highlighted.svg
|mapsize = 250x200px
|map_caption = Location of New Brunswick in Middlesex County. Inset: Location of New Brunswick highlighted in the State of New Jersey.
|image_map1 = Census Bureau map of New Brunswick, New Jersey.gif
|mapsize1 = 250x200px
|map_caption1 = Census Bureau map of New Brunswick, New Jersey
|subdivision_type = [[List of countries|Country]]
|subdivision_name = [[United States]]
|subdivision_type1 = [[Political divisions of the United States|State]]
|subdivision_name1 = [[New Jersey]]
|subdivision_type2 = [[List of counties in New Jersey|County]]
|subdivision_name2 = [[Middlesex County, New Jersey|Middlesex]]
|government_type = [[Faulkner Act (Mayor-Council)]]
|leader_title = [[Mayor]]
|leader_name = [[James M. Cahill]]
|established_title = Established
|established_date = [[December 30]], [[1730]]
|established_title2 = [[Municipal corporation|Incorporated]]
|established_date2 = [[September 1]], [[1784]]
|area_magnitude = 1 E8
|area_total_km2 = 14.9
|area_total_sq_mi = 5.8
|area_land_km2 = 13.5
|area_water_km2 = 1.3
|area_land_sq_mi = 5.2
|area_water_sq_mi = 0.5
|population_footnotes = <ref name=CensusEst/>
|population_as_of = 2006
|population_total = 50172
|population_density_km2 = 3585.9
|population_density_sq_mi = 9293.5
|timezone = [[Eastern Time Zone|Eastern (EST)]]
|utc_offset = -5
|timezone_DST = EDT
|utc_offset_DST = -5
|latd = 40 |latm = 29 |lats = 18 |latNS = N
|longd = 74 |longm = 26 |longs = 52 |longEW = W
|elevation_m = 21
|elevation_ft = 69
|elevation_footnotes = <ref>{{Gnis|885318|City of New Brunswick}}, [[Geographic Names Information System]], accessed [[April 15]], [[2007]].</ref>
|postal_code_type = ZIP codes
|postal_code = 08901, 08902, 08903
|area_code = [[Area code 732|732]], [[Area code 848|848]]
|website = [http://www.cityofnewbrunswick.org www.cityofnewbrunswick.org]
|blank_name = [[Federal Information Processing Standard|FIPS code]]
|blank_info = 34-51210{{GR|2}}<ref>[http://mcdc2.missouri.edu/webrepts/commoncodes/ccc_nj.html A Cure for the Common Codes: New Jersey], Missouri Census Data Center. Accessed [[July 14]], [[2008]].</ref>
|blank1_name = [[Geographic Names Information System|GNIS]] feature ID
|blank1_info = 0878725{{GR|3}}
|footnotes =
}}
<!-- Infobox ends -->
'''New Brunswick''', also known as "the Healthcare City"<ref>[http://www.injersey.com/day/story/0,2379,215242,00.html 7:30 a.m. -- Filling cracks in the HealthCare City], from the ''[[Home News Tribune]]'', [[September 23]], [[1999]]. "With two major hospitals and a medical school, New Brunswick proclaims itself The Healthcare City."</ref> or "Hub City",<ref>[http://www.injersey.com/day/story/0,2379,215695,00.html A wet day in the Hub City], ''[[Home News Tribune]]'', [[September 23]], [[1999]]. "A few days short of 60 years, on Wednesday, Sept. 16, a dreary, drizzly day just ahead of the deluge of [[Hurricane Floyd]], the Home News Tribune sent 24 reporters, 9 photographers and one artist into the Hub City, as it is known, to take a peek into life in New Brunswick as it is in 1999."</ref> is a [[city (New Jersey)|city]] and the [[county seat]] of [[Middlesex County, New Jersey|Middlesex County]], [[New Jersey]], USA. It is 31 miles (50 km) southwest of [[New York City]] on the southern bank of the [[Raritan River]] about 15 miles (24 km) from its mouth. The 2006 [[United States Census Bureau]] population estimate of New Brunswick was 50,172.
New Brunswick was formed by [[Royal Charter]] on [[December 30]], [[1730]], within other townships in Middlesex County and [[Somerset County, New Jersey|Somerset County]] and was reformed by Royal Charter with the same boundaries on [[February 12]], [[1763]], at which time it was divided into north and south wards. New Brunswick was incorporated as a city by an Act of the [[New Jersey Legislature]] on [[September 1]], [[1784]].<ref name=Story>"The Story of New Jersey's Civil Boundaries: 1606-1968", John P. Snyder, Bureau of Geology and Topography; Trenton, New Jersey; 1969. p. 171.</ref>
New Brunswick is the [[county seat]] of [[Middlesex County, New Jersey|Middlesex County]]{{GR|6}}, hosting many of the county's government offices and facilities. It is also home to the largest campuses of [[Rutgers University|Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey]] (known also as ''Rutgers University'') and the [[University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey]] (UMDNJ). It is nicknamed ''Hub City'' and ''The Healthcare City'', the former reflecting its status as a major urban center of [[Central Jersey]], serviced by many railroads during the nineteenth century, and the latter due to the concentration of medical facilities (both UMDNJ's [[Robert Wood Johnson University Hospital]] and [[Saint Peter's University Hospital]]) as well as the corporate offices or production facilities of several large pharmaceutical companies (e.g., [[Johnson & Johnson]], [[Bristol-Myers Squibb]]).
New Brunswick is noted for its rich ethnic heritage. At one time, one quarter of the Hungarian population in New Jersey resided in the city. Today, much of that Hungarian community continues to thrive.
==History==
===Origins of the name===
Originally inhabited by the [[Lenape]] [[Native Americans of the United States|Native Americans]], the first white settlement at the site of New Brunswick was made in 1681. The settlement here was first called ''Prigmore's Swamp'' (1681-97), then ''Inian's Ferry'' (1691-1714). In 1714, the young village was given the name New Brunswick after the city of [[Braunschweig]], in state of [[Lower Saxony]], in [[Germany]]. Braunschweig was an influential and powerful city in the [[Hanseatic League]], later in the [[Holy Roman Empire]], and was an administrative seat for the Duchy (and later Principality) of Hanover. Shortly after the first settlement of New Brunswick in colonial New Jersey, George, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg, and Elector of Hanover, of the [[House of Hanover]] (also known as the ''House of Brunswick''), became [[George I of Great Britain|King George I of Great Britain]] (1660-1727).
===During the Colonial and Early American periods===
Centrally located between [[New York City]] and [[Philadelphia, Pennsylvania]] along an early thoroughfare known as the ''King's Highway'' and situated along the [[Raritan River]], New Brunswick became an important hub for Colonial travelers and traders. New Brunswick was incorporated as a town in 1736 and chartered as a city in 1784. It was occupied by the [[United Kingdom|British]] in the winter of 1776-1777 during the [[American Revolutionary War|Revolutionary War]]. In 1900, 20,006 people lived in New Brunswick; 23,388 in 1910, 32,779 in 1920 and 33,180 in 1940.
The ''[[Declaration of Independence]]'' (1776) received its third public reading in New Brunswick, after it was publicly read in [[Philadelphia]] following its promulgation by the [[Continental Congress]].
[[Image:OldQueensRutgers.jpg|thumb|Early nineteenth century drawing of Old Queen's]]
The Trustees of Queen's College (now [[Rutgers University]]), founded in 1766, voted to locate the young college in New Brunswick, selecting this city over [[Hackensack, New Jersey|Hackensack]], in [[Bergen County, New Jersey]]. Classes began in 1771 with one instructor, one sophomore, [[Matthew Leydt]], and several freshmen at a tavern called "The Sign of the Red Lion" on the corner of Albany and Neilson Streets (now the grounds of the [[Johnson & Johnson]] corporate headquarters). Classes were held through the [[American Revolution]] in various taverns and boarding houses, and at a building known as ''College Hall'' on George Street, until [[Old Queens]] was erected in 1808. It remains the oldest building on the Rutgers University campus. The Queen's College Grammar School (now [[Rutgers Preparatory School]]) was established also in 1766, and shared facilities with the College until 1830, when it located in a building (now known as ''Alexander Johnston Hall'') across College Avenue from Old Queens. After Rutgers University became the state university of New Jersey in 1956, the Trustees of Rutgers divested it of the [[Rutgers Preparatory School]], which relocated in 1957 to an estate purchased from the [[Colgate-Palmolive Company]] in [[Franklin Township, Somerset County, New Jersey|Franklin Township]] in neighboring [[Somerset County, New Jersey|Somerset County]].
The [[New Brunswick Theological Seminary]], founded in 1784, moved to New Brunswick in 1810 sharing its quarters with the fledgling Queen's College (Queens would close from 1810 to 1825 due to financial problems, and reopen in 1825 under the name ''Rutgers College''). The Seminary, due to overcrowding and differences over the mission of Rutgers College as a secular institution, moved to a seven acre (28,000 m²) tract of land less than one-half mile (800 m) west, which it still occupies although the land is now in the middle of Rutgers University's College Avenue campus.
===Hungarian community===
[[Image:MEEB.jpg|thumb|The Committee of Hungarian Churches and Organizations of New Brunswick is commemorating the anniversary of the [[1956 Hungarian Revolution|Hungarian Revolution of 1956.]]]]
New Brunswick began attracting a Hungarian immigrant population around the turn of the century. Hungarians were primarily attracted to the city by employment at [[Johnson & Johnson]] factories located in the city. Hungarians settled mainly in what today is the second ward.
The immigrant population grew until the end of the early century immigration boom. During the [[Cold War]], the community was revitalized by the decision to house refugees from the failed [[1956 Hungarian Revolution]] at [[Camp Kilmer]], in nearby [[Edison, New Jersey|Edison]]. Even though the Hungarian population has been largely supplanted by newer immigrants, there continues to be a [http://www.gimagine.com/gimagine/Hungarian_Festival-New_Brunswick/2006-06-03-Hungarian_Festival/default.htm Hungarian Festival] in the city held on Somerset Street on the first Saturday of June each year. Many [http://www.gimagine.com/gimagine/New_Brunswick/fotok.htm Hungarian institutions] set up by the community remain and active in the neighborhood, including: Magyar Reformed Church, St. Ladislaus Roman Catholic Church, St. Joseph Byzantine Catholic Church, [http://www.hungarianclubnj.org/default.htm Hungarian American Athletic Club], [http://www.magyarovoda.com Aprokfalva Montessori Preschool (Aprokfalva Mindennapos Magyar Óvoda)], [http://magyariskola.org/ Széchenyi Hungarian Community School & Kindergarten (Széchenyi Magyar Iskola és Óvoda)], Teleki Pál Scout Home, [http://www.ahfoundation.org/ Hungarian American Foundation], [http://www.gimagine.com/gimagine/New_Brunswick/2005/2005-04-09-Jozsef_Attila_emlekmusor/default.htm Vers Hangja, Hungarian Poetry Group], [http://www.ahfoundation.org/bolyai/index.html Bolyai Lecture Series on Arts and Sciences (Bolyai Kör)], [http://www.hhrf.org/bessenyei/index.htm Hungarian Alumni Association (Magyar Öregdiák Szövetség - Bessenyei György Kör)], [http://www.gimagine.com/gimagine/New_Brunswick/2005/2005-01-05-Nyisztor_Ilona/default.htm Hungarian Radio Program], Hungarian Civic Association, [http://www.gimagine.com/gimagine/New_Brunswick/2006/2006-10-22-1956_Memorial_Dedication/default.htm Committee of Hungarian Churches and Organizations of New Brunswick], [http://csurdongolo.blogspot.com/ Csűrdöngölő Folk Dance Ensemble]
Several landmarks in the city also testify to its Hungarian heritage. There is a street and a recreation park named after [[Lajos Kossuth|Louis Kossuth]], the famous leader of the [[Hungarian Revolution of 1848]]. The corner of Somerset Street and Plum Street is named Mindszenty Square where the first ever statue of [[József Mindszenty|Cardinal Joseph Mindszenty]] was erected. A stone memorial to the victims of the [[1956 Hungarian Revolution]] also stands near by.
===Revitalization and redevelopment===
[[Image:NewBrunswickMODERN.JPG|thumb|Much of Downtown New Brunswick's built environment is a result of [[urban renewal]] projects.]]
New Brunswick contains a number of important examples of [[urban renewal]] in the United States. In the mid to late 20th century, the downtown area became [[blight (urban)|blight]]ed as middle class residents moved to newer suburbs surrounding the city, an example of the phenomenon known as "[[white flight]]". Beginning in 1975, [[Rutgers University]], [[Johnson & Johnson]], and the local government collaborated through the [http://www.njeda.com/default.asp New Jersey Economic Development Authority] to form the New Brunswick Development Company (DevCo), spending 1.6 billion dollars with the goal of revitalizing the city center and redeveloping neighborhoods considered to be blighted and dangerous<ref>[http://www.dailytargum.com/media/storage/paper168/news/2006/01/25/Redevelopment/Devco.Spends.1.6.Billion.Since.1970s-1503816.shtml?norewrite200606101915&sourcedomain=www.dailytargum.com Devco spends $1.6 billion since 1970s], ''[[The Daily Targum]]'', [[January 25]], [[2006]].</ref> The Hiram Market area, a historic district which by the 1970s had become a mostly [[Puerto Ricans in the United States|Puerto Rican]] and [[Dominican-American]] neighborhood, was demolished to build a [[Hyatt]] hotel, conference center, and upscale housing. <ref>[http://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=940DEEDE1139F931A25750C0A96E948260&n=Top%2fReference%2fTimes%20Topics%2fSubjects%2fI%2fImmigration%20and%20Refugees Raids by Housing Inspectors Anger Jersey Neighborhood ], ''[[The New York Times]]'', [[March 12]], [[1988]].</ref>
This process has been controversial, and continues to draw ire from both [[historic preservation]]ists, those opposing [[gentrification]]<ref>[http://www.dailytargum.com/media/storage/paper168/news/1999/09/15/News/Students.Protest.Devco.Redevelopment-103980.shtml?norewrite200606101906&sourcedomain=www.dailytargum.com Students protest DevCo redevelopment], ''[[The Daily Targum]]'', [[September 15]], [[1999]].</ref>, and those concerned with [[eminent domain]] abuses.<ref>[http://www.dailytargum.com/media/storage/paper168/news/1999/11/09/News/Tenants.Place.Is.Uncertain-104546.shtml?norewrite200606101919&sourcedomain=www.dailytargum.com Tenants' place is uncertain], ''[[The Daily Targum]]'', [[November 9]], [[1999]].</ref>
New Brunswick's process of urban renewal continues, as new luxury housing is built throughout downtown in an attempt to attract commuters to major employment centers such as [[Newark, New Jersey|Newark]] and [[New York City]] to take up residence. Downtown New Brunswick is already attracting hi-tech startups like [http://entchev.com/ ENTCHEV].
==Geography==
New Brunswick is located at {{coor dms|40|29|18|N|74|26|52|W|city}} (40.488304, -74.447751){{GR|1}}. According to the [[United States Census Bureau]], the city has a total area of 5.8 square miles (14.9 km²), including 0.5 square miles (1.3 km²) covered by water.
New Brunswick is bordered by [[Piscataway, New Jersey|Piscataway]], [[Highland Park, New Jersey|Highland Park]], and [[Edison, New Jersey|Edison]] across the Raritan River to the north, and also by [[North Brunswick, New Jersey|North Brunswick]] to the southwest, [[East Brunswick, New Jersey|East Brunswick]] to the southeast, and [[Franklin Township, Somerset County, New Jersey|Franklin Township]] in [[Somerset County, New Jersey|Somerset County]].
==Demographics==
{{USCensusPop
| 1850= 10019
| 1860= 11256
| 1870= 15058
| 1880= 17166
| 1890= 18603
| 1900= 20005
| 1910= 23388
| 1920= 32779
| 1930= 34555
| 1940= 33180
| 1950= 38811
| 1960= 40139
| 1970= 41885
| 1980= 41442
| 1990= 41711
| 2000= 48573
| estimate= 50172
| estyear=2006
| estref=<ref name=CensusEst>[http://factfinder.census.gov/servlet/SAFFPopulation?_event=Search&geo_id=06000US3402347280&_geoContext=01000US%7C04000US34%7C05000US34023%7C06000US3402347280&_street=&_county=new+brunswick&_cityTown=new+brunswick&_state=04000US34&_zip=&_lang=en&_sse=on&ActiveGeoDiv=geoSelect&_useEV=&pctxt=fph&pgsl=060&_submenuId=population_0&ds_name=null&_ci_nbr=null&qr_name=null®=null%3Anull&_keyword=&_industry= Census data for New Brunswick city], [[United States Census Bureau]]. Accessed [[July 31]], [[2007]].</ref>
| footnote=historical data sources: <ref>{{cite web
|url=http://www.wnjpin.net/OneStopCareerCenter/LaborMarketInformation/lmi01/poptrd6.htm
|title=New Jersey Resident Population by Municipality: 1930 - 1990
|accessdate=2007-03-03}}</ref><ref>{{cite web
|url=http://www.census.gov/population/www/documentation/twps0027.html
|title=Population of the 100 Largest Cities and Other Urban Places in The United States: 1790 TO 1990
|author=Campbell Gibson
|publisher=[[U.S. Census Bureau]]
|date=June 1998
|accessdate=2007-03-06}}</ref><ref>{{cite web
|url=http://www2.census.gov/prod2/decennial/documents/41084506no553.zip
|format=ZIP
|title=Fourteenth Census of The United States: 1920; Population: New Jersey; Number of inhabitants, by counties and minor civil divisions
|publisher=[[U.S. Census Bureau]]
|accessdate=2007-03-21
|author=Wm. C. Hunt, Chief Statistician for Population}}</ref>
}}
As of the [[census]]{{GR|2}} of 2000, there were 48,573 people, 13,057 households, and 7,207 families residing in the city. The [[population density]] was 9,293.5 people per square mile (3,585.9/km²). There were 13,893 housing units at an average density of 2,658.1/sq mi (1,025.6/km²). The racial makeup of the city was 48.79% [[White (U.S. Census)|White]], 23.03% [[African American (U.S. Census)|African American]], 0.46% [[Native American (U.S. Census)|Native American]], 5.32% [[Asian (U.S. Census)|Asian]], 0.08% [[Pacific Islander (U.S. Census)|Pacific Islander]], 18.08% from [[Race (United States Census)|other races]], and 4.24% from two or more races. [[Hispanic (U.S. Census)|Hispanic]] or [[Latino (U.S. Census)|Latino]] of any race were 39.01% of the population.
[[Image:NewBrunswickNJ-street.JPG|thumb|Corner of Somerset Street and Easton Avenue, looking southeast]]
There were 13,057 households out of which 29.1% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 29.6% were [[Marriage|married couples]] living together, 18.0% had a female householder with no husband present, and 44.8% were non-families. 24.3% of all households were made up of individuals and 8.4% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 3.23 and the average family size was 3.69.
In the city the population was spread out with 20.1% under the age of 18, 34.0% from 18 to 24, 28.1% from 25 to 44, 11.3% from 45 to 64, and 6.5% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 24 years. For every 100 females there were 98.4 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 96.8 males. The presence of the university inflates the proportion of the 18-24 population.
The median income for a household in the city was $36,080, and the median income for a family was $38,222. Males had a median income of $25,657 versus $23,604 for females. The [[per capita income]] for the city was $14,308.
== Government ==
=== Local government ===
The City of New Brunswick is governed under the [[Faulkner Act (Mayor-Council)]] system of municipal government.<ref>''2005 New Jersey Legislative District Data Book'', [[Rutgers University]] [[Edward J. Bloustein School of Planning and Public Policy]], April 2005, p. 81.</ref>
As the legislative body of New Brunswick's municipal government, the City Council is responsible for approving the annual budget, ordinances and resolutions, contracts, and appointments to boards and commissions. The City Council has five members elected at large to staggered four-year terms. The Council President, elected to a 2-year term by the Council, presides over all meetings.
Jim Cahill is the 62nd [[List of mayors of New Brunswick, New Jersey|Mayor of New Brunswick]]. He was sworn in as Mayor on [[January 1]], [[1991]].
The City Council is composed of President Robert Recine, Vice President Elizabeth Sheehan Garlatti, Jimmie L. Cook, Jr., Joseph V. Egan and Blanquita Valenti.<ref>[http://www.cityofnewbrunswick.org/citycouncil/index.asp New Brunswick Municipal Government], City of New Brunswick. Accessed [[July 25]], [[2006]].</ref>
=== Federal, state and county representation ===
[[Image:113 1317.jpg|thumb|Corner of George and Bayard, looking east]]
New Brunswick is in the Sixth Congressional District and is part of New Jersey's 17th Legislative District.<ref>[http://www.lwvnj.org/pubs/CG06.pdf 2006 New Jersey Citizen's Guide to Government], New Jersey [[League of Women Voters]], p. 61. Accessed [[August 30]], [[2006]].</ref>
{{NJ Congress 06}} {{NJ Senate}}
{{NJ Legislative 17}} {{NJ Governor}}
{{NJ Middlesex County Freeholders}}
==Education==
===Public Schools===
The [[New Brunswick Public Schools]] serve students in kindergarten through twelfth grade. The district is one of 31 [[Abbott District]]s statewide.<ref>[http://www.nj.gov/cgi-bin/education/abbotts/abbotturls.pl?string=code&maxhits=100 Abbott Districts], [[New Jersey Department of Education]]. Accessed [[March 31]], [[2008]].</ref>
Schools in the district (with 2005-06 enrollment data from the [[National Center for Education Statistics]]<ref>[http://nces.ed.gov/ccd/schoolsearch/school_list.asp?Search=1&DistrictID=3411220 Data for the New Brunswick Public Schools], [[National Center for Education Statistics]]. Accessed [[June 25]], [[2008]].</ref>) include elementary schools —
[http://www.nbps.k12.nj.us/schools/ln/default.htm Lincoln] and
[http://www.nbps.k12.nj.us/schools/lna/default.htm Lincoln Annex] (681 students),
[http://www.nbps.k12.nj.us/schools/lv/default.htm Livingston] (458),
[http://www.nbps.k12.nj.us/schools/mk/default.htm McKinley] (704), [http://www.nbps.k12.nj.us/schools/rd/default.htm A. Chester Redshaw] (719),
[http://www.nbps.k12.nj.us/schools/pr/default.htm Paul Robeson] and [http://www.nbps.k12.nj.us/schools/pra/default.htm Paul Robeson Annex] (533),
[http://www.nbps.k12.nj.us/schools/rs/default.htm Roosevelt] (990),
[http://www.nbps.k12.nj.us/schools/ls/default.htm Lord Stirling] (720) and
[http://www.nbps.k12.nj.us/schools/ww/default.htm Woodrow Wilson] (482) —
[http://www.nbps.k12.nj.us/schools/ms/default.htm New Brunswick Middle School], as well as
[[New Brunswick High School]] (1,432), [http://www.nbps.k12.nj.us/schools/ahs/default.htm New Brunswick Alternative School] (25) and
[http://www.nbps.k12.nj.us/schools/ht/default.htm New Brunswick Health Sciences Technology High School] for grades 9-12.
The community is also served by the Greater Brunswick Charter School, a K-8 [[charter school]] with an enrollment of about 250 children from New Brunswick, [[Highland Park, New Jersey|Highland Park]], [[Edison, New Jersey|Edison]] and other area communities.<ref>[http://greaterbrunswick.org/ Greater Brunswick Charter School], Greater Brunswick Charter School. Accessed [[June 25]], [[2008]].</ref>
===Higher education===
[[Image:Rutgers1458.JPG|thumb|Looking east from the corner of Hamilton Street and College Ave]]
*Home of [[Rutgers University]], New Brunswick enjoys the fruits of a thriving college scene including sports, concerts, plays and other events. Rutgers' five campuses and various extra buildings sprawl through the city and neighboring [[Piscataway, New Jersey|Piscataway]].
*New Brunswick is the home to the [[New Brunswick Theological Seminary]], a seminary of the [[Reformed Church in America]], founded in 1784.
*[[Robert Wood Johnson Medical School]], part of the [[University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey]], is located in New Brunswick and Piscataway.
==Health Care==
City Hall has promoted the nickname "The [[Health Care]] City" to reflect the importance of the healthcare industry to its economy.<ref>Dore Carroll, ''[http://www.nj.com/specialprojects/index.ssf?/specialprojects/njcities/newbrunswick.html New Brunswick: Medical field at hub of this transformation]'', ''[[The Star-Ledger]]'', [[August 29]], [[2004]].</ref> The city is home to the world headquarters of [[Johnson & Johnson]], along with several medical teaching and research institutions including [[Saint Peter's University Hospital]], [[Robert Wood Johnson University Hospital]] and the [[Robert Wood Johnson Medical School]], the [[Cancer Institute of New Jersey]], [[Rutgers University]]'s [[Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy|School of Pharmacy]], and [[The Bristol-Myers Squibb Children's Hospital]].<ref>Id.; see also ''[http://www.newbrunswick.com/citylinks/institutions/healthcare.asp Health Care]'', City of New Brunswick website.</ref>
== Transportation ==
[[Image:NewBrunswickStationNJ.JPG|thumb|New Brunswick's NJ Transit train station]]
New Brunswick is served by [[Amtrak]]'s [[Regional (Amtrak)|Regional]] and [[Keystone Service]] trains along the [[Northeast Corridor]]. [[New Jersey Transit]] trains on the [[Northeast Corridor Line]] provide frequent service north to [[Pennsylvania Station (New York City)|Pennsylvania Station]], in [[Midtown Manhattan]], and south to [[Trenton Rail Station (New Jersey)|Trenton]]. Both Amtrak and [[New Jersey Transit]] trains stop at the [[New Brunswick (NJT station)|New Brunswick railway station]]. The [[Jersey Avenue (NJT station)|Jersey Avenue]] station is also served by Northeast Corridor trains.
New Brunswick also lies at the crossroads of the [[New Jersey Turnpike]], [[U.S. Route 1 in New Jersey|U.S. Route 1]], [[Route 18 (New Jersey)|Route 18]] and [[Route 27 (New Jersey)|Route 27]].
Local bus service is provided by New Jersey Transit, with Rutgers University campus busing provided by [[Academy Bus]].
Also noteworthy is [http://www.nbbikelibrary.org New Brunswick's bicycle community], which includes a bicycle co-op and tool collective.
== Culture ==
===Theatre===
Three neighboring professional venues, Crossroads Theatre designed by Parsons+Fernandez-Casteleiro Architects from New York, the [[George Street Playhouse]], and the [[State Theatre, New Brunswick|State Theater]], comprise the heart of the local theatre scene. The State Theatre is also home to the American Repertory Ballet and the Princeton Ballet School. Rutgers University has a number of student companies that perform everything from cabaret acts to Shakespeare and musical productions.
===Museums===
New Brunswick is home to the [[Jane Voorhees Zimmerli Art Museum]] at Rutgers University, [[Albus Cavus]], the Rutgers University Geology Museum and the New Jersey Agricultural Museum at [[Cook College (Rutgers University)|Cook College]].
===Art===
New Brunswick was an important centre for avant-garde art in the 1950s-70s with several artists such as [[Allan Kaprow]], [[George Segal (artist)|George Segal]], [[George Brecht]], [[Robert Whitman]], [[Robert Watts]], [[Lucas Samaras]], [[Geoffrey Hendricks]] and [[Roy Lichtenstein]]; some of which had taught at Rutgers University. This group of artists were sometimes referred to as the 'New Jersey School' or the 'New Brunswick School of Painting'. For more information, see [[Fluxus at Rutgers University]].
===Restaurants===
New Brunswick has a diverse restaurant market including Nouvelle American, Italian, Indian, Ethiopian, Thai and Chinese cuisine. Popular upscale establishments include Stage Left, Old Man Rafferty's, [[The Frog and The Peach]], Clydz, Makeda's, Verdigre[http://www.verdigrenb.com], Catherine Lombardi, Delta's, Panico's, Nova Terra, The Old Bay, Hotoke, and Soho on George. While many of the downtown fast-food establishments close after about 6 to 8 pm, those on Easton Avenue are open well into the night. The main pubs are McCormick's Pub, Dolls Place, Tumulty's Pub, Olde Queens Tavern, Stuff Yer Face, Marita's Cantina and Harvest Moon Brewery. A vigorous local music scene is also present with live bands appearing at the Court Tavern, Old Bay, Nova Terra, Tumulty's, Harvest Moon Brewery and other locations.
===Music===
[[Image:New brunswick new jersey aerial george.jpg|thumb|Looking north from the corner of New and George Street]]
In addition to live bands that play New Brunswick's bustling bar scene, New Brunswick has also been a center for local [[punk rock]] and underground music; a scene that thrives on quasi-legal live shows in residential basements such as Hamilton Street and the former Handy Street. Many bands who developed their fan base through such shows have gone on to national and even international acclaim. Even the popular 1990s indie rock band [[Pavement (band)|Pavement]] made their live debut at the Court Tavern on [[August 9]], [[1990]].{{Fact|date=January 2008}} Early influential bands of the New Brunswick basement punk scene include [[The Bouncing Souls]], [[Lifetime (band)|Lifetime]], The Ergs, [[Thursday (band)|Thursday]], Trashtalk in the Kingdom, [[The Gaslight Anthem]] and [[Sticks and Stones (band)|Sticks & Stones]]. Many of these bands were either stridently socio-political in their messages or at least independently minded, bound together by the "[[DIY ethic|Do It Yourself Punk ethic]]" nature of the scene. The Bouncing Souls' song "Party at 174" refers to the band's old house at 174 Commercial Avenue, and Lifetime's "Theme Song for a New Brunswick Basement Show" memorializes their humble beginnings. Basement shows still thrive in the city, even though the New Brunswick Police Department deters residents from holding such shows by issuing heavy noise violation tickets. These shows host not only local bands but bands from across the country and the world. New Brunswick is also the home of the [[independent label]] [[Ferret Records]].
==Popular culture==
*In the movie "''[[Harold & Kumar Go To White Castle]]''," the main characters try to go to the [[White Castle (restaurant)|White Castle]] in New Brunswick but find it has changed to a different burger joint. In reality, the New Brunswick White Castle is open 24 hours a day at 680 Somerset Street.
*The 1980s sitcom ''[[Charles in Charge]]'' was set in New Brunswick.{{Fact|date=June 2008}}
* New Brunswick also is referenced in the movie ''[[The Adventures of Buckaroo Banzai Across the 8th Dimension]]'' directed by [[W. D. Richter]].
* On [[April 18]], [[1872]], at New Brunswick, [[William Cameron Coup]] developed the system of loading circus equipment and animals on railroad cars from one end and through the train, rather than from the sides. This system would be adopted by other railroad circuses and used through the golden age of railroad circuses and even by the Ringling shows today.
* New Brunswick is the home of the fictional character [[Emily Pollifax]] from [[Dorothy Gilman]]'s Mrs. Pollifax series.
== Points of interest ==
[[Image:The Heldrich New Brunswick New Jersey.jpg|thumb|right|The Heldrich in Downtown New Brunswick]]
*[[Albany Street Bridge]] across the Raritan River to [[Highland Park, New Jersey|Highland Park]]
*Bishop House-115 College Avenue, a 42-room mansion that constitutes a fine representation of the Italianate style of architecture, was built for James Bishop. Placed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1976.
*[[Old Queens]]-Built in 1809. The oldest building at Rutgers University.
*[[Buccleuch Mansion]] in Buccleuch Park
*Historic [[Christ Church Episcopal Churchyard, New Brunswick]]
*The [[Henry Guest House]]
*[[St. Peter]] The Apostle Church- built in 1856 and located at 94 Somerset Street.
*[[Delaware and Raritan Canal]]
*The historic [[Old Queens|Old Queens Campus]] and [[Voorhees Mall]] at [[Rutgers University]]
*Birthplace of poet [[Joyce Kilmer]]
*Kilmer Square, a shopping/commercial complex on Albany Street
*Site of [[Johnson & Johnson]] world headquarters
*[[Rutgers Gardens]] (which is actually located in North Brunswick)
*The [[Willow Grove Cemetery]] near downtown
*Grave of [[Loew's Cemetery, New Brunswick|Mary Ellis]] (1750-1828). This grave stands out due to its location in the AMC Theatres parking lot on [[U.S. Route 1 in New Jersey|U.S. Route 1]] downriver from downtown New Brunswick.
*The Middlesex County Courthouse, downtown, where in 1977 [[Assata Shakur]] (Joanne Chesimard) was tried and convicted before going underground.
*[[Lawrence Brook]], a tributary of the [[Raritan River]].
==Notable residents ==
<!-- Please keep list alphabetical. -->
Notable current and former residents of the City of New Brunswick include:
*[[David Abeel]] (1804-1846), [[Dutch Reformed Church]] missionary.<ref name="Marquis 1607-1896">{{cite book | title = Who Was Who in America, Historical Volume, 1607-1896 | publisher = Marquis Who's Who | location = Chicago | date= 1967}}</ref>
*[[Garnett Adrain]] (1815-1878), member of the [[United States House of Representatives]].<ref name="Marquis 1607-1896">{{cite book | title = Who Was Who in America, Historical Volume, 1607-1896 | publisher = Marquis Who's Who | date= 1967}}</ref>
*[[Charlie Atherton]] (1874-1934), [[major league baseball]] player<ref name="The Baseball Encyclopedia">{{cite book |editor=Reichler, Joseph L.| title=The Baseball Encyclopedia |origyear=1969 |edition= 4th edition |year= 1979|publisher= Macmillan Publishing |location= New York|language= |id= ISBN 0-02-578970-8 }}</ref>
*[[Jim Axelrod]], chief [[White House Press Corps|White House correspondent]] for [[CBS News]], and reports for the ''[[CBS Evening News]]''.<ref>[http://www.cbsnews.com/stories/2002/10/08/broadcasts/main524771.shtml Jim Axelrod: CBS Chief White House Correspondent], [[CBS News]]. Accessed [[August 12]], [[2007]].</ref>
*[[James Berardinelli]] (1967- ), film critic, born in NB.<ref>[http://www.rottentomatoes.com/author-117/ James Berardinelli profile], [[Rotten Tomatoes]], accessed [[March 17]], [[2007]]. "I was born in September 1967 in the town of New Brunswick, New Jersey (USA)."</ref>
*[[James Bishop (Congressman)|James Bishop]] (1816-1895), represented {{ushr|New Jersey|3}} in the [[United States House of Representatives]] from 1855-1857.<ref>[http://bioguide.congress.gov/scripts/biodisplay.pl?index=B000487 James Bishop], ''[[Biographical Directory of the United States Congress]]''. Accessed [[September 1]], [[2007]].</ref>
*[[Gary Brokaw]] (1954-), former NBA basketball player.<ref>[http://www.basketball-reference.com/players/b/brokaga01.html Gary Brokaw], Basketball-Reference.com. Accessed [[September 17]], [[2007]].</ref>
* [[Bumblefoot (musician)|Ronald "Bumblefoot" Thal]] (1969-), guitarist, musician, composer.{{Fact|date=August 2007}}<!-- source needs to be provided to establish connection to New Brunswick-->
*[[Wheeler Winston Dixon]] (1950- ), film critic, filmmaker, and educator, born in NB.
*[[Michael Douglas]] (1944- ), actor, born in NB.<ref>[http://www.cbsnews.com/stories/2003/04/14/earlyshow/leisure/celebspot/main549284.shtml 'Acting 'Runs In The Family'], [[CBS News]], [[April 15]], [[203]]. "Born Michael Kirk Douglas in New Brunswick, N.J., Sept. 25, 1944"</ref>
*[[Anthony Walton White Evans]] (1817–1886), engineer.<ref>[http://www.lib.rpi.edu/archives/access/inventories/manuscripts/MC03_Evans/MC03.html A. Walton White Evans Family Papers, 1709-1891], [[Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute]], accessed [[April 23]], [[2007]]. "Anthony Walton White Evans was born in New Brunswick, NJ October 31, 1817, the son of Thomas M. Evans and Eliza M. White."</ref>
*All involved in the [[Hall-Mills Murder]] case of the 1920s
*[[Augustus A. Hardenbergh]] (1830-1889), represented [[New Jersey's 7th congressional district]] from 1875 to 1879, and again from 1881 to 1883.<ref>[http://bioguide.congress.gov/scripts/biodisplay.pl?index=H000183 Augustus Albert Hardenbergh], [[Biographical Directory of the United States Congress]]. Accessed [[August 13]], [[2007]].</ref>
*[[Mark Helias]] (1950-), jazz bassist/composer.<ref>[http://www.raritanriverfest.com/Performers.html Raritan River Environmental Festival 2006 Musical Performances], accessed [[April 23]], [[2007]]. "Composer and bassist Mark Helias was born and raised in New Brunswick."</ref>
*[[Adam Hyler]] (1735-1782), [[privateer]] during the [[American Revolutionary War]].<ref>[http://freepages.history.rootsweb.com/~wcarr1/Lossing1/Chap56.html "Lossing's Field Book of the Revolution, Vol. II., Supplement I."], accessed [[April 23]], [[2007]]. "On the arrival of the British the following summer, Captains Adam Hyler and Wm. Marriner, of New Brunswick, New Jersey, annoyed them so much, that an armed force was sent to destroy their boats."</ref>
*[[Jaheim]] (1979-), R&B singer.<ref>[http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m1355/is_14_109/ai_n16130264 "Jaheim returns with new CD, 'Ghetto Classics' and talks about his musical heroes"], ''[[Jet (magazine)]]'', [[April 10]], [[2006]], accessed [[April 23]], [[2007]]. "Born Jaheim Hoagland in the housing projects of New Brunswick, NJ, he was inspired to sing by his grandfather."</ref>
*[[Dwayne Jarrett]] (1986- ), wide receiver for the [[University of Southern California]] football team 2004 to 2006, current WR drafted by the [[Carolina Panthers]].<ref>[http://www.nfl.com/news/story/9921120 USC star WR Jarrett to enter NFL draft], [[NFL]], press release dated [[January 10]], [[2007]], accessed [[April 29]], [[2007]]. "Jarrett, a 6-foot-5, 215-pounder from New Brunswick, N.J., ends his college career with 216 catches for 3,138 yards and a Pac 10-record 41 touchdowns in 38 games."</ref>
*[[James P. Johnson]] (1891-1955), pianist, composer. One of the original [[stride piano]] masters.<ref>[http://www.libraries.rutgers.edu/rul/news/04/07_james_johnson.shtml IJS Receives Archives of Composer/Pianist James P. Johnson], press release date [[July 29]], [[2004]], accessed [[April 23]], [[2007]]. Renowned worldwide as the "Father of Stride Piano," Johnson was born in New Brunswick in 1894."</ref>
*[[Robert Wood Johnson I]] (1845-1910), businessman
*[[Robert Wood Johnson II]] (1893-1968), businessman
*[[Joyce Kilmer]] (1886-1918), poet.<ref>[http://www.newbrunswick.com/historic.asp#jk New Brunswick Historic Sites: Joyce Kilmer House], accessed [[December 7]], [[2006]].</ref>
*[[Littleton Kirkpatrick]] (1797-1859), represented {{ushr|New Jersey|4}} in the [[United States House of Representatives]] from 1853 to 1855, and was mayor of New Brunswick in 1841 and 1842.<ref>[http://bioguide.congress.gov/scripts/biodisplay.pl?index=K000236 Littleton Kirkpatrick], ''[[Biographical Directory of the United States Congress]]''. Accessed [[September 1]], [[2007]].</ref>
*[[Robert Pastorelli]] (1954-2004), actor known primarily for playing the role of the house painter on ''[[Murphy Brown]]''.<ref>[http://www.cbsnews.com/stories/2004/03/09/entertainment/main604973.shtml 'Murphy Brown' Housepainter Dies: Actor Robert Pastorelli Dead At 49, May Have Been Drug Overdose], [[CBS News]], [[March 9]], [[2004]].</ref>
*[[Franke Previte]], composer.<ref>Stravelli, Gloria. [http://atlanticville.gmnews.com/News/2002/0411/Front_Page/030.html "The right song at the right time in the right movie: Doors of Hollywood swung open for musician after 1987 Academy Award"], ''Atlanticville'', [[April 11]], [[2002]]. Accessed [[May 12]], [[2008]]. "'There was always music at home,' Previte recalled about his boyhood in New Brunswick."</ref>
*[[Miles Ross]] (1827-1903), Mayor of New Brunswick, U.S. Representative and businessman
*[[George Sebastian Silzer]] (1870-1940) served as the [[List of Governors of New Jersey|38th]] [[Governor of New Jersey|Governor]] of [[New Jersey]]. Served on the New Brunswick board of aldermen from 1892 to 1896.<ref>[http://www.nga.org/portal/site/nga/menuitem.29fab9fb4add37305ddcbeeb501010a0/?vgnextoid=dd5ac407c45f9010VgnVCM1000001a01010aRCRD&vgnextchannel=e449a0ca9e3f1010VgnVCM1000001a01010aRCRD New Jersey Governor George Sebastian Silzer], [[National Governors Association]]. Accessed [[August 5]], [[2007]].</ref>
*[[James H. Simpson]] (1813-1883), U.S. Army surveyor of western frontier areas
*[[Larry Stark]] (1932- ), theater reviewer and creator of [http://www.theatermirror.com Theater Mirror]
*[[Joe Theismann]] (1949- ), former NFL quarterback and former commentator on [[ESPN]]'s ''[[Monday Night Football]]''
*[[William Henry Vanderbilt]] (1821-1885), businessman
*[[John Van Dyke]] (1807-1878), represented {{ushr|New Jersey|4}} in the [[United States House of Representatives]] from 1847 to 1851, and served as Mayor of New Brunswick from 1846 to 1847.<ref>[http://bioguide.congress.gov/scripts/biodisplay.pl?index=V000035 John Van Dyke], ''[[Biographical Directory of the United States Congress]]''. Accessed [[September 1]], [[2007]].</ref>
*[[Eric Young (baseball)|Eric Young]] (1967-), former [[Major League Baseball]] player.<ref>[http://infoweb.newsbank.com/iw-search/we/InfoWeb?p_action=doc&p_docid=1137D74ECB002D68&p_docnum=8&p_queryname=NaN&p_product=NewsBank&p_theme=aggregated4&p_nbid=J4ER50KHMTE4NTg0NzQ0OS4yODY4NjU6MTo3OnJhLTE4ODg "Young signs with Rangers"], ''[[The Star-Ledger]]'', [[August 12]], [[2006]]. "Young, out of Rutgers and New Brunswick, has played in 15 major- league seasons, including 2004 for the Rangers when they were in contention for the AL West title until the final week of the regular season."</ref>
==Sister cities==
New Brunswick has four [[town twinning|sister cities]], as designated by [[Sister Cities International]]:<ref>[http://www.sister-cities.org/icrc/directory/usa/NJ Online Directory: New Jersey, USA], [[Sister Cities International]]. Accessed [[November 8]], [[2007]].</ref>
*{{flagicon|Japan}} [[Fukui City]], [[Fukui]], [[Japan]]
*{{flagicon|Japan}} [[Tsuruoka]], [[Yamagata]], [[Japan]]
*{{flagicon|Hungary}} [[Debrecen]], [[Hajdu-Bihar]], [[Hungary]]
*{{flagicon|Ireland}} [[Limerick]], [[County Limerick]], [[Ireland]]
==References==
{{Reflist|2}}
==External links==
*[http://www.cityofnewbrunswick.org City of New Brunswick official web site]
*[http://www.nbps.k12.nj.us New Brunswick Public Schools]
*{{NJReportCard|23|3530|0|New Brunswick Public Schools}}
*[http://nces.ed.gov/ccd/schoolsearch/school_list.asp?Search=1&DistrictID=3411220 Data for the New Brunswick Public Schools], [[National Center for Education Statistics]]
*[http://oldnewbrunswick.rutgers.edu/ The Changing Landscape of New Brunswick]
*[http://www.newbrunswick.com New Brunswick Information]
*[http://www.devco.org New Brunswick Development Corporation]
*[http://groups.yahoo.com/group/oldnewbrunswicknj Old New Brunswick discussion group at Yahoo]
*[http://mapmaker.rutgers.edu/MAPS.html Historical maps of New Jersey including New Brunswick]
*[http://www.newbrunswicklife.com New Brunswick Local News]
*{{wikitravel|New Brunswick (New Jersey)}}
{{Geolinks-US-cityscale|40.488304|-74.447751}}
{{New Brunswick, New Jersey}}
{{Middlesex County, New Jersey}}
{{New Jersey}}
[[Category:Cities in New Jersey]]
[[Category:County seats in New Jersey]]
[[Category:Faulkner Act Mayor-Council]]
[[Category:New Brunswick, New Jersey| ]]
[[Category:University towns in the United States]]
[[Category:Former townships in New Jersey]]
[[bg:Ню Брунсуик (град)]]
[[de:New Brunswick (New Jersey)]]
[[es:New Brunswick (Nueva Jersey)]]
[[fr:New Brunswick (New Jersey)]]
[[it:New Brunswick (New Jersey)]]
[[nl:New Brunswick (New Jersey)]]
[[ja:ニューブランズウィック (ニュージャージー州)]]
[[pl:New Brunswick (New Jersey)]]
[[pt:New Brunswick (Nova Jérsei)]]
[[sv:New Brunswick, New Jersey]]
[[vo:New Brunswick (New Jersey)]]
[[zh:新布朗斯维克]]