New Guinea campaign 3726984 224029321 2008-07-07T00:19:05Z 67.183.83.198 /* Web */ {{Mergefrom|Organization of Japanese fortifications in New Guinea area|date=August 2007}} {{FixBunching|beg}} [[Image:Buna (AWM 014008).jpg|300px|thumb|January 7, 1943. Australian forces [[Battle of Buna-Gona|attack Japanese positions near Buna]]. Members of the 2/12th Infantry Battalion advance as [[Stuart tank]]s from the 2/6th Armoured Regiment attack Japanese pillboxes. An upward-firing machine gun on the tank spray treetops to clear them of snipers. (Photographer: George Silk).]] {{FixBunching|mid}} [[Image:A20BismarckSea.jpg|thumb|300px|An Allied [[A-20 Havoc|A-20]] bomber attacks Japanese shipping during the [[Battle of the Bismarck Sea]], March, 1943.]] {{FixBunching|mid}} [[Image:USNHC-Photo SC 264436 Hollandia.jpg|300px|thumb|April 22, 1944. US [[Landing Vehicle Tracked|LVTs]] (Landing Vehicles Tracked) in the foreground head for the invasion beaches at [[Yos Sudarso Bay|Humboldt Bay]], Netherlands New Guinea, during the [[Operations Reckless and Persecution|Hollandia landing]] as the cruisers [[USS Boise (CL-47)|USS ''Boise'']] (firing tracer shells, right center) and [[USS Phoenix (CL-46)|USS ''Phoenix'']] bombard the shore. (Photographer: Tech 4 Henry C. Manger.)]] {{FixBunching|mid}} [[Image:Deadjapanese.jpg|right|thumb|300px|Two dead Japanese soldiers in a water filled shell hole somewhere in New Guinea]] {{FixBunching|mid}} {{Campaignbox New Guinea}} {{FixBunching|mid}} {{Campaignbox South West Pacific}} {{FixBunching|end}} The '''New Guinea campaign''' ([[1942]]–[[1945|45]]) was one of the major [[military campaign]]s of [[World War II]]. The island of [[New Guinea]] was split between the [[Australia]]n [[League of Nations mandate]] [[Territory of New Guinea]] (the north-eastern part of the island of New Guinea and surrounding islands), the [[Territory of Papua]] (the south-eastern part of the island of New Guinea, an Australian colony), and [[Dutch New Guinea]]. It was strategically important because it was a major landmass to the immediate north of Australia. Its large land area provided locations for large land, air and naval bases. Fighting between [[Allies of World War II|Allied]] and [[Empire of Japan|Japanese]] forces commenced with the Japanese [[Battle of Rabaul (1942)|assault on Rabaul]] on [[January 23]], [[1942]]. [[Rabaul]] became the forward base for the Japanese campaigns in mainland New Guinea, including the pivotal [[Kokoda Track campaign]] of July 1942–January [[1943]], and the [[Battle of Buna-Gona]]. Fighting in some parts of New Guinea continued until the war ended in August [[1945]]. General [[Douglas MacArthur]] as Supreme Commander, [[South West Pacific Area (command)|South West Pacific Area]], led the Allied forces. MacArthur was based in [[Melbourne]], [[Brisbane]] and [[Manila]]. The [[Imperial Japanese Army]]'s [[8th Area Army (Imperial Japanese Army)|8th Area Army]], under General [[Hitoshi Imamura]], was responsible for both the New Guinea and [[Solomon Islands campaign]]s. Imamura was based at Rabaul. The [[18th Army (Imperial Japanese Army)|Japanese 18th Army]], under Lieutenant General [[Hatazō Adachi]], was responsible for Japanese operations on mainland New Guinea. ==Major battles and sub-campaigns== * [[Operation Mo]] (1942) * [[Battle of the Coral Sea]] (1942) * [[Kokoda Track campaign]] (1942) * [[Battle of Milne Bay]] (1942) * [[Battle of Buna-Gona]] (1942-43) * [[Battle of Wau]] (1943) * [[Battle of the Bismarck Sea]] (1943) * [[Operation Cartwheel]] (1943) * [[Salamaua-Lae campaign]] (1943) **[[Battle of Nassau Bay]] **[[First Battle of Mubo]] **[[First Battle of Bobdubi]] **[[Battle of Lababia Ridge]] **[[Second Battle of Bobdubi]] **[[Landing at Nassau Bay]] **[[Second Battle of Mubo]] **[[Battle of Roosevelt Ridge]] **[[Battle of Mount Tambu]] **'''Operation Postern''' *** [[Landing at Lae]] *** [[Landing at Nadzab]] *[[Bombing of Wewak]] * [[Finisterre Range campaign]] (1943-44; including a series of actions known as the Battle of Shaggy Ridge) ** [[Ramu Valley campaign]] ** [[Battle of Johns' Knoll-Trevor's Ridge]] ** [[Battle of The Pimple]] ** [[Battle of Cam's Saddle]] ** '''Operation Cutthroat''' *** [[Battle of Faria Ridge]] *** [[Battle of Prothero I and II]] *** [[Battle of McCaughey's Knoll]] *** [[Battle of Kankiryo Saddle]] * [[Huon Peninsula campaign]] (1943-44) ** [[Battle of Scarlet Beach]] ** [[Battle of Finschhafen]] ** [[Battle of Sattelberg]] ** [[Battle of Jivevaneng]] ** [[Battle of Sio]] * [[Bougainville campaign]] (1943-45) * [[New Britain campaign]] (1943-45) * [[Admiralty Islands campaign]] (1944) * [[Western New Guinea campaign]] (1944-45) ** [[Operations Reckless and Persecution]] ** [[Battle of Wakde]] ** [[Battle of Lone Tree Hill (1944)]] ** [[Battle of Morotai]] ** [[Battle of Biak]] ** [[Battle of Noemfoor]] ** [[Battle of Driniumor River]] ** [[Battle of Sansapor]] ** [[Aitape-Wewak campaign]] ==References== ===Books=== *{{cite book | last = Dexter | first = David | year = 1961 | url = http://www.awm.gov.au/histories/chapter.asp?volume=22 | title = Volume VI – The New Guinea Offensives | series = [[Australia in the War of 1939–1945]] | location = Canberra | publisher = [[Australian War Memorial]] | accessdate = 2006-12-16 }} *{{cite book | last = Drea | first = Edward J. | authorlink = | coauthors = | year = 1998 | chapter = | title = In the Service of the Emperor: Essays on the Imperial Japanese Army | publisher = University of Nebraska Press | location = Nebraska | id = ISBN 0-8032-1708-0 }} *{{cite book | last = Gailey | first = Harry A. | authorlink = | coauthors = | year = 2004 | chapter = | title = MacArthur's Victory: The War In New Guinea 1943-1944 | publisher = Random House | location = New York | id = ISBN }} *{{cite book | last = McCarthy | first = Dudley | year = 1959 | url = http://www.awm.gov.au/histories/chapter.asp?volume=21 | title = Volume V – South–West Pacific Area – First Year: Kokoda to Wau | series = [[Australia in the War of 1939–1945]] | location = Canberra | publisher = [[Australian War Memorial]] | accessdate = 2006-12-16 }} *{{cite book | last = Taafe | first = Stephen R. | authorlink = | coauthors = | year = 2006 | chapter = | title = MacArthur's Jungle War: The 1944 New Guinea Campaign | publisher = University Press Of Kansas | location = Lawrence, Kansas, U.S.A. | id = ISBN 0700608702 }} * Zaloga, Steven J. ''Japanese Tanks 1939-45.'' Osprey, 2007. ISBN 978-1-84603-091-8. ===Web=== *{{cite web | last = Hank Nelson | first = | authorlink = | coauthors = | date = | year = | month = | url = http://rspas.anu.edu.au/papers/sources.html | title = Report on Historical Sources on Australia and Japan at war in Papua and New Guinea, 1942-45 | format = | work = | pages = | publisher = | language = | accessdate = 2006-12-13 | accessyear = }} *{{cite web | last = U.S. Army Center of Military History | first = | authorlink = | coauthors = | date = | year = | month = | url = http://www.army.mil/cmh/books/wwii/MacArthur%20Reports/MacArthur%20V2%20P1/macarthurv2.htm#contents | title = Japanese Operations in the Southwest Pacific Area, Volume II - Part I | format = | work = Reports of General MacArthur | pages = | publisher = | language = | accessdate = 2006-12-08 | accessyear = }} Translation of the official record by the Japanese Demobilization Bureaux detailing the Imperial Japanese Army and Navy's participation in the Southwest Pacific area of the [[Pacific War]]. *[http://www.wwiireels.com National Archive Video of Hollandia Bay, New Guinea Invasion <b>VIEW ONLINE</b>] ===Notes=== <div class="references-small"><references/></div> [[Category:South West Pacific theatre of World War II|New Guinea 1942-45]] [[Category:History of Papua New Guinea]] [[ja:ニューギニアの戦い]]