Nigella Lawson
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2008-07-16T19:39:19Z
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Wording, tidy etc.
{{Infobox Celebrity
| name = Nigella Lucy Lawson
| image = Nigella Lawson booksigning.jpg
| image_size = 200px
| caption = Nigella Lawson at a book signing
| birth_date = {{Birth date and age|1960|01|6|df=y}}
| birth_place = [[London]], [[England]]
| death_date =
| death_place =
| occupation = [[Television presenter]], [[Food writing|cookery writer]] and [[journalist]].
| salary =
| spouse = [[John Diamond (journalist)|John Diamond]] 1989-2001 (died of cancer)<br> [[Charles Saatchi]] 2003-
| children = 2 (Cosima and Bruno)
| website = [http://www.nigella.com www.nigella.com]
| footnotes =
}}
'''Nigella Lucy Lawson''' (born 6 January 1960) is an [[England|English]] [[journalist]], [[Food writing|food writer]], broadcaster and [[television presenter]]. Born to [[Nigel Lawson]], former [[Chancellor of the Exchequer]], and to Vanessa Salmon, Lawson was educated at private schools as a child. After graduating from [[University of Oxford|Oxford]], Lawson worked as a book reviewer and later became the deputy literary editor of ''[[The Sunday Times (UK)|The Sunday Times]]'' in 1986. She then began to work as a freelance journalist. Lawson wrote her first cookery book, ''How to Eat'', in 1998, which became a bestseller and sold 300,000 copies. She went on to write her second bestseller in 2000, ''How to be a Domestic Goddess'', winning her the [[British Book Awards|British Book Award]] for Author of The Year.
Her career progressed in the United Kingdom in 2000 when she began to host her own cookery programme on [[Channel 4]], ''Nigella Bites'', which was accompanied with another bestselling cookery book. She later hosted an unsuccessful chat show on [[ITV]] in 2005, which was cancelled after it attracted low ratings. Lawson also enjoys a successful career in the United States where ''Nigella Feasts'' was aired on the [[Food Network]] in 2006. This series was followed by Lawson presenting two cookery programmes on [[BBC Two]] in Britain, the latest being ''Nigella Express''. Her own cookware range is worth £7 million a year, and she has sold more than 3 million cookery books worldwide.
Lawson has become renowned for her flirtatious manner of presenting, and has been called by critics as the "queen of [[food porn]]". She has also adopted a relaxed approach to her cooking, believing that cooking should be an untraumatic experience.
==Background==
Her given name originally being thought up by her grandmother,<ref name="reality">Hattenstone, Sam. [http://www.guardian.co.uk/g2/story/0,3604,784535,00.html Reality bites]. ''[[The Guardian]]'', [[2002-09-02]]. Retrieved on [[2008-02-07]].</ref> Nigella Lawson was born to [[Nigel Lawson]] (now Baron Lawson of Blaby),<ref name="extremes">Farndale, Nigel. [http://www.telegraph.co.uk/arts/main.jhtml;jsessionid=NJY5I2NQPCNCZQFIQMFCFGGAVCBQYIV0?xml=/arts/2001/05/14/tlnige14.xml A woman of extremes]. ''[[The Daily Telegraph]]'', 2001. Retrieved on [[2007-09-29]].</ref> a [[Conservative Party (UK)|Conservative]] politician and [[Chancellor of the Exchequer]] in [[Margaret Thatcher]]'s cabinet, and the late Vanessa Salmon,<ref name="chewing">Peterson, Thane. [http://www.businessweek.com/print/bwdaily/dnflash/nov2002/nf20021119_5785.htm Chewing the Fat with Nigella Lawson]. businessweek.com, [[2002-10-19]]. Retrieved on [[2007-09-29]].</ref> a socialite and member of the formerly influential Jewish family who co-owned the [[Lyons Corner House]] empire.<ref name="interviews">Bilmes, Alex. [http://www.nigella.com/nigella/detail.asp?article=35&area=10 Say What You Like About Nigella Lawson]. ''[[Q Magazine]]'', 2001. Retrieved from nigella.com on [[2007-09-29]].</ref> The family kept homes in [[Kensington]] and [[Chelsea]], but Lawson's parents divorced in the 1980s.<ref name="modestgoddess">O'Brien, Catherine. [http://www.timesonline.co.uk/tol/life_and_style/article987941.ece A modest goddess]. ''[[The Times]]'', [[2000-10-13]]. Retrieved on [[2008-07-16]].</ref> They both remarried; her father to a [[British House of Commons|House of Commons]] researcher, Therese Maclear, and her mother to philosopher, [[A. J. Ayer]].<ref name="interviews"/> With Lawson's father being a prominent politician, one of the things she found most frustrating was the many judgements and pre-conceptions made about her.<ref name="reality"/> There was a time when Lawson did not get on with her father, mostly during her parents' divorce, and she only got on with her mother when she reached adulthood.<ref name="doll">Sands, Sarah. [http://www.dailymail.co.uk/pages/live/femail/article.html?in_article_id=420003&in_page_id=1879 I don't want to be some kitchen blow-up sex doll]. ''[[The Daily Mail]]'', [[2006-12-01]]. Retrieved on [[2008-02-22]].</ref> Being an unhappy child has been attributed by Lawson, in part, to the problematic relationship with her mother.<ref name="modestgoddess"/>
Lawson's school years were difficult; she had to move schools nine times between the ages of nine and eighteen. "I was just difficult, disruptive, good at school work, but rude, I suspect, and too highly-strung", Lawson reflected.<ref name="sweetandsour">Jones, Chris. [http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/uk/1336420.stm Nigella Lawson: A sweet and sour life]. [[BBC News]], [[2001-05-18]]. Retrieved on [[2007-09-29]].</ref> Her father originally chose not to believe the reports of her disruptive behaviour and thought the school had the wrong person.<ref name="doll"/> During her teens Lawson visited Paris, which evoked the interest in food; after the trip she began to see food as a source of enjoyment.<ref>Levine, Nick. [http://www.digitalspy.co.uk/showbiz/a81161/ten-things-you-never-knew-about-nigella-lawson.html# Ten Things You Never Knew About Nigella Lawson]. [[Digital Spy]], [[2007-12-05]]. Retrieved on [[2008-02-03]].</ref> Lawson reluctantly attended a private school in the Midlands and later returned to London's [[Godolphin and Latymer School]] sixth form where she began to show skill academically.<ref name="doll"/> She went on to graduate from [[Lady Margaret Hall]], [[University of Oxford|Oxford University]]<ref name="sweetandsour"/> with a degree in [[medieval]] and [[modern languages]].<ref name="askthequestions">[http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_qn4158/is_20020912/ai_n12647620 You Ask The Questions]. ''[[The Independent]]'', [[2002-09-12]]. Retrieved on [[2008-07-16]].</ref> She also lived in [[Florence]] for a period.<ref name="angel">Lane, Harriet. [http://books.guardian.co.uk/departments/houseandgarden/story/0,6000,412368,00.html An angel at our table]. ''[[The Guardian]]'', [[2000-12-17]]. Retrieved on [[2007-09-29]].</ref>
Lawson's mother died of [[Hepatocellular carcinoma|liver cancer]] at the age of forty-eight in 1985, when Lawson was twenty-five.<ref name="interviews"/><ref name="angel"/> Her siblings include her late sister Thomasina, who died of [[breast cancer]] in 1993 during her early thirties;<ref name="interviews"/><ref name="sweetandsour"/> another sister, Horatia; and a brother, [[Dominic Lawson|Dominic]], former editor of ''[[The Sunday Telegraph]]'' and ''[[The Spectator]]''.<ref>[http://www.telegraph.co.uk/arts/main.jhtml?xml=/arts/2005/10/02/bosmit25.xml Rich, creamy and chocolatey]. ''[[The Daily Telegraph]]'', [[2005-09-25]]. Retrieved on [[2008-02-01]].</ref>
Lawson took part in the third series of the [[BBC]] family-history documentary series, ''[[Who Do You Think You Are?]]'', in order to uncover some of her family's history.<ref name="defeat">Day, Julia. [http://media.guardian.co.uk/overnights/story/0,,1920752,00.html 2m suffer England's defeat]. ''[[The Guardian]]'', [[2006-10-12]]. Retrieved on [[2007-09-30]].</ref> She traced her mother's side of the family to [[Ashkenazi]] Jewish ancestors in the Netherlands and Germany, but Lawson was surprised not to have [[Iberian]]-[[Sephardi]] ancestry in her family.<ref name="crook">[http://www.dailymail.co.uk/pages/live/articles/showbiz/showbiznews.html?in_article_id=407062&in_page_id=1773 The cook and crook: Nigella's ancestor was a thief on the run]. ''[[The Daily Mail]]'', [[2006-09-26]]. Retrieved on [[2008-02-19]].</ref> She also uncovered that her great-great-great grandfather, Coenraad Sammes (later Coleman Joseph), had fled to England in 1830 to escape a prison sentence following a conviction for theft.<ref name="crook"/><ref name="seconds">Williams, Andrew. [http://www.metro.co.uk/fame/interviews/article.html?in_article_id=28001&in_page_id=11 60 Seconds: Nigella Lawson]. ''[[Metro (Associated Metro Limited)|Metro]]'', [[2006-12-05]]. Retrieved on [[2007-09-30]].</ref> It was his daughter, Ann, who married the founder of J Lyons & Co, Barnett Salmon.<ref name="crook"/> The episode first broadcast on 11 October 2006 was watched by 6.1 million viewers.<ref name="defeat"/>
==Career==
===Early work===
Lawson's early career consisted of writing book reviews,<ref name="hot">Hirschberg, Lynn. [http://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9B02EEDA1338F93BA25752C1A9679C8B63 Hot Dish]. ''[[The New York Times]]'', [[2001-11-18]]. Retrieved on [[2007-09-29]]. </ref><ref name="envy,lust">Warren, Jane. [http://www.dailyexpress.co.uk/posts/view/19663/Envy,-lust-and-gluttony---the-perfect-recipe Envy, Lust and Gluttony - The Perfect Recipe]. ''[[Daily Express]]'', [[2007-09-20]]. Retrieved on [[2007-10-03]].</ref> after which time she went on to write a restaurant column for ''[[The Spectator]]'' in 1985.<ref name="sweetandsour"/><ref name="hot"/> She then became deputy literary editor of ''[[The Sunday Times (UK)|The Sunday Times]]'' in 1986.<ref name="sweetandsour"/> Lawson attracted unwanted publicity in 1989 when she publicly admitted voting for [[Labour Party (UK)|Labour]] in an election as opposed to her father's Conservative Party, and then criticized Thatcher in print.<ref name="interviews"/> Regarding her political relationship with her father, Lawson has stated, "My father would never expect me to agree with him about anything in particular. And, to be honest, we never talk about politics much."<ref name="Metro,Lawson">Ellis, James. [http://www.metro.co.uk/fame/interviews/article.html?in_article_id=711&in_page_id=11 Nigella Lawson]. ''[[Metro (Associated Metro Limited)|Metro]]'', [[2002-09-04]]. Retrieved on [[2007-10-03]].</ref>
After her stint at ''The Sunday Times'', Lawson embarked upon a freelance writing career, realizing that "I was on the wrong ladder. I didn’t want to be an executive, being paid to worry rather than think".<ref name="modestgoddess"/> She then wrote for ''[[The Guardian]]'', ''[[The Daily Telegraph]]'', ''[[The Evening Standard]]'', ''[[The Observer]]'', a food column for ''[[Vogue (magazine)|Vogue]]''<ref name="inside">Byrne, Ciar and Morris, Soppie. [http://www.independent.co.uk/news/media/inside-story-celebrity-chefs-497448.html Inside Story: Celebrity chefs]. ''[[The Independent]]'', [[2005-07-04]]. Retrieved on [[2008-01-31]].</ref> and a makeup column for ''[[The Times#The Times Magazine|The Times Magazine]]'' in the United Kingdom,<ref name="modestgoddess"/> and ''[[Gourmet]]'' and ''[[Bon Appetit]]'' in the United States.<ref name="foodnetwork">[http://www.foodnetwork.com/food/show_nl/article/0,3100,FOOD_27597_4992624,00.html Nigella Lawson Biography]. [[Food Network]]. Retrieved on [[2008-01-31]]. </ref> After just two weeks working on [[Talk Radio UK|Talk Radio]] in 1995, Lawson was sacked after she had stated her shopping was done for her which was deemed incompatible with the radio station's desired "common touch".<ref name="interviews"/> Following slots as a culinary sidekick on ''[[Nigel Slater|Nigel Slater's Real Food Show]]'' on [[Channel 4]], she eventually went on to have her own career in cookery.
===1998-2002: Cookery writing and Nigella Bites===
The idea for writing a cookery book was originally conceived by Lawson after she had attended a dinner party and observed her host in tears due to an unset [[crème caramel]]. This prompted Lawson to realise that cooking should be an untraumatic time.<ref name="itgirl">Dolce, Joe. [http://www.gourmet.com/magazine/2000s/2001/04/englandsitgirl England's It Girl]. ''[[Gourmet (magazine)|Gourmet]]'', 2001. Retrieved on [[2008-01-31]].</ref> She then wrote ''How to Eat'', which was published in 1998,<ref name="sweetandsour"/> and featured culinary tips on preparation and saving time.<ref name="itgirl"/> The book became a success and sold 300,000 copies in the UK.<ref name="hot"/>
She then brought out a second bestselling book in 2000, ''How to be a Domestic Goddess'', which focused on baking,<ref name="angel"/> and she began to write a social affairs column in ''[[The Observer]]''.<ref name="sweetandsour"/> ''[[The Times]]'' wrote, regarding the book and Lawson's approach to its writing, "''How To Be a Domestic Goddess'' ... is defined by its intimate, companionable approach. She is not issuing matronly instructions like Delia; she is merely making sisterly suggestions".<ref name="modestgoddess"/> Lawson rejected feminist criticism of her book,<ref>Vickers, Amy. [http://www.guardian.co.uk/media/2001/jun/05/broadcasting1 'I'm no goddess' says Nigella]. ''[[The Guardian]]'', [[2001-06-05]]. Retrieved on [[2008-02-02]].</ref> and stated, "Some people did take the domestic goddess title literally rather than ironically. It was about the pleasures of feeling like one rather than actually being one".<ref name="extremes"/> The book sold 180,000 copies in 4 months,<ref name="itgirl"/> and won Lawson the title of Author of The Year at the [[British Book Awards]] in 2001,<ref name="hot"/> fending off competition from authors such as [[J. K. Rowling]].<ref>Editors at BBC. [http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/entertainment/1184692.stm Lawson beats Potter magic]. [[BBC News]], [[2001-02-23]]. Retrieved on [[2007-09-30]].</ref> One commentator suggested she only won the award because her husband was about to die of cancer.<ref name="hot"/> Lawson retorted, "I am not against pity, but I have no desire to be tragic".<ref name="hot"/> ''How to Eat'' and ''How to be a Domestic Goddess'' were published in America in 2000 and 2001.<ref name="culinary">Hesser, Amanda. [http://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9901EFD61539F93AA35752C0A9649C8B63&sec=&spon=&pagewanted=all Culinary Critique; Sex and the Kitchen]. ''[[The New York Times]]'', [[2002-01-09]]. Retrieved on [[2008-02-02]].</ref>
Lawson next hosted her own cookery television series, ''Nigella Bites'', which ran from 2000 to 2001 on [[Channel4]],<ref>Peretti, Jacques. [http://www.guardian.co.uk/media/2000/aug/30/tvandradio.television4 Too hot to handle]. ''[[The Guardian]]'', [[2000-08-30]]. Retrieved on [[2008-02-01]].</ref><ref>Watson, Shane. [http://www.guardian.co.uk/Columnists/Column/0,,492574,00.html A girl is a girl's best friend]. ''[[The Guardian]]'', [[2001-05-18]]. Retrieved on [[2008-02-01]].</ref> followed by a Christmas special in 2001.<ref>Deans, Jason. [http://www.guardian.co.uk/media/2001/dec/21/overnights Oliver whips Lawson in battle of TV chefs]. ''[[The Guardian]]'', [[2001-09-21]]. Retrieved on [[2008-02-01]].</ref> The first series of ''Nigella Bites'' averaged with 1.9 million viewers,<ref>[http://www.guardian.co.uk/uk_news/story/0,,373380,00.html Who's cooking? TV's army of chefs]. ''[[The Guardian]]'', [[2000-09-26]]. Retrieved on [[2008-02-05]].</ref> and won her the title of Television Broadcast of the Year at the Guild of Food Writers Awards in 2001.<ref>[http://www.gfw.co.uk/awards/?sub=17#contentrow6 Guild of Food Writers Award Winners 2001]. gfw.co.uk. Retrieved on [[2007-10-09]]</ref> The show yielded an accompanying bestselling recipe book, also called ''Nigella Bites'',<ref>Editors at The Guardian. [http://books.guardian.co.uk/digestedread/story/0,,503778,00.html Nigella Bites by Nigella Lawson]. ''[[The Guardian]]'', [[2001-06-09]]. Retrieved on [[2007-10-01]].</ref> of which [[Waterstone's]] book stores reported sales of 300,000.<ref name="booksales">Jones, Sam. [http://www.guardian.co.uk/media/2007/dec/21/christmas2007.booksnews Nigella tops book list]. ''[[The Guardian]]'', [[2007-12-21]]. Retrieved on [[2008-01-31]].</ref> The book also won a WH Smith Award for Lifestyle Book of the Year.<ref>Shannon, Sarah. [http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/uknews/1392257/Viewers-lose-their-hunger-for-cookery-shows.html Viewers lose their hunger for cookery shows]. ''[[The Daily Telegraph]]'', [[2002-04-25]]. Retrieved on [[2008-07-16]].</ref>
The ''Nigella Bites'' series, which was filmed in her home in west London, was later bought by American television,<ref name="sweetandsour"/> being broadcast on [[E!]]<ref name="getscooking">Deans, Jason. [http://www.guardian.co.uk/media/2001/aug/09/broadcasting1 Nigella gets cooking in America]. ''[[The Guardian]]'', [[2001-08-09]]. Retrieved on [[2008-02-01]].</ref> and [[Style Network]].<ref name="hot"/> Lawson commented, "In the UK, my viewers have responded to the fact I'm trying to reduce, not add to, their burden and I'm looking forward to making that connection with Style viewers across the US".<ref name="getscooking"/> One newspaper there suggested that Lawson was too flirtatious for American screens, but she was well received overall in the United States.<ref name="Metro,Lawson"/> A critic from ''[[The New York Times]]'' wrote, "Lawson's sexy roundness mixed with her speed-demon technique makes cooking dinner with Nigella look like a prelude to an orgy",<ref name="hot"/><ref name="appetite">Broughton, Philip Delves. [http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/main.jhtml?xml=/news/2001/11/24/wnige24.xml Nigella hopes that her TV starter will whet US appetite]. ''[[The Daily Telegraph]]'', [[2001-11-24]]. Retrieved on [[2008-02-02]].</ref> whilst another asserted, "It is the rare example of great food television".<ref name="culinary"/> Lawson was surprised at how many of the reviews mentioned her class and posh accent.<ref name="interviews"/> The series was followed by ''Forever Summer with Nigella'' in 2002, the concept being, "that you cook to make you still feel as though you're on holiday".<ref name="Metro,Lawson"/> Also in 2002, Lawson brought out a profitable line of kitchenware, called the "[http://www.nigella.com/living_kitchen/products.asp Living Kitchen]" range, which is sold by numerous retailers and is cream or duck egg blue in colour.<ref name="inside"/> Her range's value has continued to grow, starting at an estimated £2 million<ref>Editors at BBC. [http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/entertainment/showbiz/3032690.stm Grossman's sauces top brand league]. [[BBC News]], [[2003-06-30]]. Retrieved on [[2007-09-30]].</ref> and growing to £7 million in 2007.<ref name="bus">Boshoff, Alison. [http://www.dailymail.co.uk/pages/live/articles/showbiz/showbiznews.html?in_article_id=484616&in_page_id=1773 New Nigella fake: She takes us all for a ride with bogus bus trip to the shops]. ''[[The Daily Mail]]'', [[2007-09-29]]. Retrieved on [[2007-09-30]].</ref>
===2003-2006: Nigella Feasts and BBC contract===
In November 2003, Lawson oversaw the menu and preparations for a lunch hosted by [[Tony Blair]] at [[Downing Street]] for [[George W. Bush]] and the [[First Lady of the United States]], [[Laura Bush]], during a state visit to the UK.<ref>Editors at BBC. [http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/in_depth/photo_gallery/3223156.stm In pictures: Bush visit day two (go to picture 9)]. [[BBC News]], [[2003-11-20]]. Retrieved on [[2007-12-04]].</ref> Laura Bush is said to be a fan of Lawson's recipes and once included one of Lawson's soups as the starter for the 2002 presidential Christmas dinner.<ref>[http://www.hellomagazine.com/celebrities/2003/11/17/nigellalawson/ Nigella's Nosh on the Menu for Bush Visit]. ''[[Hello!]]'', [[2003-09-17]]. Retrieved on [[2007-12-04]].</ref> Lawson's fifth book, ''Feast Food That Celebrates Life'', which was released in 2004,<ref>Fort, Matthew. [http://books.guardian.co.uk/reviews/houseandgarden/0,,1339945,00.html#article_continue Beauty and the Feast]. ''[[The Guardian]]'', [[2004-10-31]]. Retrieved on [[2007-10-03]].</ref> made sales worth £3 million.<ref>Ezard, John. [http://books.guardian.co.uk/news/articles/0,,1646341,00.html Cookery and children's titles surge in popularity]. ''[[The Guardian]]'', [[2005-11-19]]. Retrieved on [[2007-10-01]].</ref> Lawson appeared frequently on American television in 2004, conducting cookery slots on talk shows such as ''[[The Ellen Degeneres Show]]''.<ref>[http://www.nigella.com/nigella/detail.asp?article=204&area=10 Nigella - interview]. nigella.com. Retrieved on [[2007-09-29]].</ref>
In Britain in 2005, Lawson started to host a daytime television chat show on [[ITV1]] called ''Nigella'', on which celebrity guests joined her in a studio kitchen.<ref name="seconds"/> The first episode debuted with a disappointing 800,000 viewers.<ref>Deans, Jason. [http://www.guardian.co.uk/media/2005/jul/05/overnights Nigella fails to cook up ratings feast]. ''[[The Guardian]]'', [[2005-07-05]]. Retrieved on [[2008-02-05]].</ref> The show was not well received by critics,<ref name="seconds"/> and after losing 40 percent of its viewers in the first week, the show was cancelled.<ref name="joins">Busfield, Steve. [http://media.guardian.co.uk/bbc/story/0,,1866576,00.html Nigella joins the BBC]. ''[[The Guardian]]'', [[2006-09-07]]. Retrieved on [[2007-09-30]].</ref> Lawson later commented in an interview with ''[[Radio Times]]'' that on her first show, she was almost too frightened to come out of her dressing room.<ref>Bird, Steve. [http://entertainment.timesonline.co.uk/tol/arts_and_entertainment/tv_and_radio/article2337293.ece Nigella claims US rival has ‘soft spot’ for her husband]. ''[[The Times]]'', [[2007-08-28]]. Retrieved on [[2007-10-01]].</ref> Lawson further stated that having to pretend to be interested in the lives of the celebrities on her show became too much of a chore.<ref name="seconds"/> She also said, "I now know I can't ever be a presenter, and won't do scripts".<ref>Editors at Daily Mail. [http://www.dailymail.co.uk/pages/live/articles/showbiz/showbiznews.html?in_article_id=478235&in_page_id=1773 Back off Martha! Nigella claims US rival fancies her husband]. ''[[The Daily Mail]]'', [[2007-08-28]]. Retrieved on [[2007-10-06]].</ref>
Her third food-based television series, called ''Nigella Feasts'', debuted on the USA's [[Food Network]] in Autumn 2006 for a 13-week run.<ref name="joins"/> ''[[Time (magazine)|Time]]'' magazine wrote a favorable review; "the real appeal of ''Feasts'' ... is her unfussy, wry, practical approach to entertaining and quality comfort food. ... between the luscious camera shots and Lawson's sensual enjoyment of eating, ''Feasts'' will leave you wishing for an invite."<ref>Poniewozik, James. [http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,1549316,00.html 5 TV Food Shows to Sink Your Teeth Into]. ''[[Time (magazine)|Time]]'', [[2006-10-22]]. Retrieved on [[2008-07-16]].</ref> Since the American broadcasting, Lawson signed a £2.5 million deal for the series to be shown in ten other countries across the world.<ref name="pockets">Nicholl, Katie. [http://www.dailymail.co.uk/pages/live/articles/showbiz/showbiznews.html?in_article_id=494681&in_page_id=1773 Nigella Lawson pockets £15m in worldwide syndication deal]. ''[[The Daily Mail]]'', [[2007-11-17]]. Retrieved on [[2007-11-03]].</ref> She also began to write cooking articles for ''[[The New York Times]]''.<ref name="chewing"/>
Lawson was next signed to [[BBC Two]] to host a three-part cookery show entitled ''Nigella's Christmas Kitchen'', which began on 6 December 2006 and aired weekly. The first two episodes secured the second highest ratings of the week for BBC Two, with the first episode debuting with a strong 3.50 million.<ref name="viewing">[http://www.barb.co.uk/viewingsummary/weekreports.cfm?report=weeklyterrestrial&requesttimeout=500 Weekly Viewing Summary (w.e 10/12/06 - 24/12/06)]. [[BARB]]. Retrieved on [[2006-12-21]].</ref><ref>Conlan, Tara. [http://media.guardian.co.uk/overnights/story/0,,1966580,00.html Nigella tastes festive success]. ''[[The Guardian]]'', [[2006-12-07]]. Retrieved on [[2007-09-30]].</ref> The third episode went on to become the top show on BBC Two the week that it was aired.<ref name="viewing"/> Lawson's influence as a food commentator was also demonstrated, when after she had lauded [[goose fat]] as being an essential ingredient for Christmas in late 2006, sales percentages of the product increased significantly in the UK. [[Waitrose]] and [[Tesco]] both stated that goose fat sales had more than doubled, as well as [[Asda]]'s goose fat sales increasing by 65 percent from the previous week.<ref>Smithers, Rebecca. [http://www.guardian.co.uk/food/Story/0,,1970107,00.html Nigella effect sees goose fat sales soar]. ''[[The Guardian]]'', [[2006-12-12]]. Retrieved on [[2007-09-30]].</ref> Similarly after she advised using [[prune]]s in a recipe on ''Nigella's Christmas Kitchen'', Waitrose had increased sales of 30 percent year on year.<ref>Editors at Daily Mail. [http://www.dailymail.co.uk/pages/live/articles/news/news.html?in_article_id=423508&in_page_id=1770 Sales soar as Nigella plumps for prunes]. ''[[The Daily Mail]]'', [[2006-12-18]]. Retrieved on [[2007-10-01]].</ref><ref>Clout, Laura. [http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/main.jhtml?xml=/news/2006/12/20/nxmas420.xml Nigella sends prunes flying off the shelves]. ''[[The Daily Telegraph]]'', [[2006-12-20]]. Retrieved on [[2007-10-02]].</ref>
===2007-present: Nigella Express===
On 3 Setptember 2007, a 13-part cookery series entitled ''Nigella Express'', began to air on BBC Two:<ref>Editors at Daily Express. [http://www.dailyexpress.co.uk/posts/view/18026/FOOD:-Nigella-Express,-8.30pm,-BBC2 Food: Nigella Express, 8.30pm, BBC2]. ''[[Daily Express]]'', [[2007-09-03]]. Retrieved on [[2007-10-03]].</ref> "a show packed with delicious ideas for good food fast".<ref>[http://www.bbc.co.uk/food/tv_and_radio/nigellaexpress_index.shtml Nigella Express]. [[BBC]]. Retrieved on [[2007-09-29]].</ref> Lawson admitted the recipes were not "particularly healthy",<ref>[http://www.dailymail.co.uk/pages/live/articles/showbiz/showbiznews.html?in_article_id=464451&in_page_id=1773 Nigella's back to turn working mothers into fast food goddesses]. ''[[The Daily Mail]]'', [[2007-06-26]]. Retrieved on [[2008-02-03]].</ref> although she added, "I wouldn't describe them as junk".<ref>Deedes, Henry. [http://www.independent.co.uk/opinion/columnists/pandora/comedian-suffers-from-clarkes-identity-crisis-447190.html Comedian suffers from Clarke's identity crisis]. ''[[The Independent]]'', [[2007-05-03]]. Retrieved on [[2008-06-29]].</ref> The show became another ratings success and one of BBC Two's top rated shows each week.<ref>[http://www.barb.co.uk/viewingsummary/weekreports.cfm?report=weeklyterrestrial&requesttimeout=500 Weekly Viewing Summary (w.e 09/09/07 - 16/12/07)]. [[BARB]]. Retrieved on [[2008-01-31]].</ref> The first episode debuted with 2.85 million viewers,<ref>[http://www.barb.co.uk/viewingsummary/weekreports.cfm?report=weeklyterrestrial&RequestTimeout=500 Weekly Viewing Summary (w.e 09/09/07)]. [[BARB]]. Retrieved on [[2008-01-31]].</ref> a high percentage above the channel's slot average.<ref>Holmwood, Leigh. [http://media.guardian.co.uk/overnights/story/0,,2162154,00.html Tepid response to Hell's Kitchen]. ''[[The Guardian]]'', [[2007-09-04]]. Retrieved on [[2007-09-29]].</ref> The second episode's viewing figures rose to 3.30 million,<ref>Tryhorn, Chris. [http://media.guardian.co.uk/overnights/story/0,,2166822,00.html Hell's Kitchen turns up the heat]. ''[[The Guardian]]'', [[2007-09-11]]. Retrieved on [[2007-09-29]].</ref> and the series peaked at 3.40 million on 22 October 2007.<ref>[http://www.barb.co.uk/viewingsummary/weekreports.cfm?report=weeklyterrestrial&RequestTimeout=500 Weekly Viewing Summary (w.e 28/10/07)]. [[BARB]]. Retrieved on [[2008-01-29]].</ref> Her influence with the public was again demonstrated when sales of [[Riesling]] wine increased by 30 percent in Britain after she had incorporated it into her Coq au Riesling recipe on ''Nigella Express''.<ref>Wallop, Harry. [http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/main.jhtml?xml=/news/2007/09/29/nwine129.xml Nigella recipe prompts thirst for Riesling]. ''[[The Daily Telegraph]]'', [[2007-10-01]]. Retrieved on [[2007-10-02]].</ref> Later on a separate occasion, a similar trend was seen in the sales figures of the [[liqueur]], [[advocaat]] after Lawson had endorsed it on the show.<ref name="advocaat">Barton, Fiona. [http://www.dailymail.co.uk/pages/live/articles/showbiz/showbiznews.html?in_article_id=506196&in_page_id=1773 Sales of advocaat rise 40 per cent after Nigella declares Snowballs THE drink for Christmas]. ''[[The Daily Mail]]'', [[2008-01-04]]. Retrieved on [[2008-02-01]].</ref> A statement from Waitrose read, "The Nigella Effect strikes again".<ref name="advocaat"/>
The television series of ''Nigella Express'' was subject to criticism from ''[[The Daily Mail]]'' when it emerged that a bus Lawson was seen travelling on during the programme had been hired and filled with extras.<ref name="bus"/> The producers responded by saying, "This series is a factual entertainment cooking show, not an observational documentary and it is perfectly normal procedure".<ref name="bus"/> It was also revealed that the kitchens in which Lawson was seen cooking were in two separate locations; one in her home and the other in a television studio in [[Battersea]], [[South London]].<ref name="bus"/> Lawson herself also came under criticism when viewers complained that she had gained weight since the debut episode of the series.<ref>Hilton, Beth. [http://www.digitalspy.co.uk/tv/a78623/nigella-lawson-criticised-for-weight-gain.html Nigella Lawson criticised for weight gain]. [[Digital Spy]], [[2007-10-27]]. Retrieved on [[2008-02-03]].</ref> Critics criticised the series for containing what they described as "scenes of gluttony not seen since the golden age of the Cookie Monster".<ref>Moodie, Clemmie. [http://www.dailymail.co.uk/pages/live/articles/news/news.html?in_article_id=489566&in_page_id=1770 Is Nigella getting to be an even bigger star as the weeks go by?]. ''[[The Daily Mail]]'', [[2007-10-24]]. Retrieved on [[2008-02-03]].</ref> ''[[The Guardian]]'' however, noted, "the food matches her appearance - flawless, polished and sexy".<ref name="roughwithsmooth">Levy, Paul. [http://books.guardian.co.uk/reviews/houseandgarden/0,,2170068,00.html Take the rough with the smooth]. ''[[The Guardian]]'', [[2007-09-16]]. Retrieved on [[2008-07-16]].</ref> The rights to ''Nigella Express'' have been sold to the [[Food Network]] in America,<ref name="bus"/> to Discovery Asia,<ref>West, Dave. [http://www.digitalspy.co.uk/programming/a80279/nigella-express-sold-to-asia.html 'Nigella Express' sold to Asia]. [[Digital Spy]], [[2007-11-21]]. Retrieved on [[2008-02-03]].</ref> and to [[TVN Style]] in Poland. The series was nominated in the United States for Outstanding Lifestyle Program, and Lawson herself for the Outstanding Lifestyle Host, at the [[35th Daytime Emmy Awards]].<ref>[http://theenvelope.latimes.com/awards/emmys/env-daytime-emmy-noms30-2008apr30,0,6582476.htmlstory Daytime Emmy nominations]. ''[[Los Angeles Times]]'', [[2008-04-30]]. Retrieved on [[2008-05-04]].</ref>
[[Image:NigellaExpress.jpg|200px|thumb|Cover of ''Nigella Express'' (2007).]]
The accompanying book to ''Nigella Express'' was released in the UK in September 2007, America in November 2007,<ref name="bus"/> and later in Australia in 2008.<ref>Austin, Keith. [http://www.smh.com.au/news/people/fans-refine-their-taste-for-nigella/2008/03/31/1206850806611.html Fans refine their taste for Nigella]. ''[[The Sydney Morning Herald]]'', [[2008-04-01]]. Retrieved on [[2008-04-09]].</ref> Sharing the same name as her 2007 BBC series, the book became another bestseller in Britain,<ref>Sabbagh, Dan. [http://business.timesonline.co.uk/tol/business/industry_sectors/retailing/article3202488.ece HMV 'sees no sign of slowdown' as sales rise ''Nigella Express'']. ''[[The Times]]'', [[2008-01-17]]. Retrieved on [[2008-01-31]].</ref> and was outselling another television chef, [[Jamie Oliver]], by 100,000 copies according to Waterstone's.<ref name="booksales"/> It was reported that over 490,000 copies had been sold by mid-December in Britain.<ref name="booksales"/> Furthermore, the book was number one for a period on [[Amazon (website)|Amazon UK's]] bestselling books,<ref name="booksales"/> and was ninth on their overall list of Christmas bestsellers in any category.<ref>[http://www.guardian.co.uk/business/2007/dec/27/retail.amazon Amazon's UK Christmas bestsellers]. ''[[The Guardian]]'', [[2007-12-27]]. Retrieved on [[2008-01-31]].</ref> Paul Levy from ''[[The Guardian]]'' wrote the tone of the recipes is "just right. One of the appealing things about Nigella's brief introductions to each of them is that she thinks not just as cook, but as eater, and tells you whether they're messy, sticky or fussy".<ref name="roughwithsmooth"/> Lawson is now estimated to have sold more than 3 million books worldwide,<ref name="seconds"/><ref name="penniless">Cleland, Gary. [http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/main.jhtml;jsessionid=0QLSGUZENNA3RQFIQMFSFGGAVCBQ0IV0?xml=/news/2008/01/29/nigella129.xml Nigella Lawson 'will leave children penniless']. ''[[The Daily Telegraph]]'', [[2008-01-31]]. Retrieved on [[2008-01-30]].</ref> and according to ''[[The Daily Telegraph]]'', she is collecting recipes and ideas for a new book on Christmas cooking.<ref>Walker, Tim. [http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/1895924/Nigella-Lawson-is-cooking-for-Christmas.html Nigella Lawson is cooking for Christmas]. ''[[The Daily Telegraph]]'', [[2008-04-18]]. Retrieved on [[2008-06-25]].</ref> Lawson is also considering releasing her own food range.<ref name="bus"/>
==Style==
Though Lawson has enjoyed a successful career in cookery, she is not a trained chef,<ref name="fun"/> and does not like being referred to as a "celebrity chef".<ref name="reality"/> Throughout Lawson's television programmes, which are broadcast worldwide,<ref>[http://www.nigella.com/programs/index.asp?area=8 Nigella Official Website]. nigella.com. Retrieved on [[2007-10-03]].</ref> she emphasises that she cooks for her own pleasure and that she finds cooking therapeutic.<ref name="angel"/> She has adopted a casual approach to cooking; "I think cooking should be about fun and family. ... I think part of my appeal is that my approach to cooking is really relaxed and not rigid. There are no rules in my kitchen".<ref name="fun">Cooney, Beth. [http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_qn4176/is_20030604/ai_n14551204 British sensation Lawson says cooking should be about fun, family]. ''[[Oakland Tribune]]'', [[2003-06-04]]. Retrieved from findarticles.com on [[2008-02-22]].</ref> She has become renowned for her flirtatious manner of presenting, although she believes, "It’s not meant to be flirtatious. I don’t have the talent to adopt a different persona. It's intimate, not flirtatious".<ref name="seconds"/> The perceived overt sexuality of her presentation style has led to Lawson being labelled by several critics as the "queen of [[food porn]]".<ref name="doll"/><ref>{{cite news|last=Duff|first=Oliver|title=Davis awaits 'chat' with researcher's lawyers|publisher=''[[The Independent]]''|url=http://www.independent.co.uk/opinion/columnists/pandora/davis-awaits-chat-with-researchers-lawyers-457957.html|date=2007-07-20|accessdate=2008-04-01}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last=Gaudron|first=Melissa|title=Nigella Feasts|url=http://www.theage.com.au/news/tv-reviews/nigella-feasts/2007/11/20/1195321761821.html|publisher=''[[The Age]]''|date=2007-11-20|accessdate=2008-04-01}}</ref> Lawson was once named as one of the world's most beautiful women.<ref name="angel"/> Many commentators have alluded to Lawson's attractiveness, one has referred to her as "stunningly beautiful, warm, honest, likeable and amazingly normal".<ref name="sweetandsour"/>
[[Image:Paul Harvey, Nigella Lawson.jpg|thumb|left|An artist's impression of Nigella Lawson by [[Paul Harvey (artist)|Paul Harvey]].]]
Lawson is also known for her vivid and adjective-packed food descriptions in both her books and television programmes,<ref>Letts, Quentin. [http://www.dailymail.co.uk/pages/live/femail/article.html?in_article_id=481859&in_page_id=1879 Nigella Lawson's recipes look easy as pie, so how did Quentin Letts go so wrong?]. ''[[The Daily Mail]]'', [[2007-09-15]]. Retrieved on [[2007-10-01]].</ref> as one critic summarized, "her descriptions of food can be a tangle of adjectives."<ref name="culinary"/> In a study conducted in 2007 on the readability of different recipes, the chatty and florid style of Lawson's recipes was judged to be confusing to readers with weak reading skills.<ref>Camber. Rebecca. [http://www.dailymail.co.uk/pages/live/femail/article.html?in_article_id=481052&in_page_id=1879 Nigella and Delia's recipes are 'too tricky to follow']. ''[[The Daily Mail]]'', [[2007-09-10]]. Retrieved on [[2007-10-01]].</ref>
Lawson's style of presentation has often been mocked by comedians and commentators, particularly in a regularly-occurring impersonation of her in the [[BBC]] television comedy series ''[[Dead Ringers (comedy)|Dead Ringers]]'', who perceive that she plays overtly upon her attractiveness and sexuality as a device to engage viewers of her cookery programmes.<ref>BBC Press Release. [http://www.bbc.co.uk/pressoffice/bbcworldwide/worldwidestories/pressreleases/2003/05_may/dead_ringers_s1.shtml Dead Ringers - Series 1]. [[BBC]], [[2003-05-30]]. Retrieved on [[2007-09-30]].</ref> Impressions by [[Ronni Ancona]] that further parodied Lawson's presenting style have also been featured on the [[BBC One]] impersonation-sketch show, ''[[Big Impression]]''.<ref name="Metro,Lawson"/>
==Personal life==
Lawson met journalist [[John Diamond (journalist)|John Diamond]] in 1986, when they were both writing for ''[[The Sunday Times (UK)|The Sunday Times]]''.<ref name="sweetandsour"/> They were later married in Venice in 1992.<ref name="doll"/> They had two children together, Cosima and Bruno.<ref>Hilton, Beth. [http://www.digitalspy.co.uk/showbiz/a88242/lawson-wont-leave-children-a-penny.html Lawson 'won't leave children a penny']. [[Digital Spy]], [[2008-01-29]]. Retrieved on [[2008-01-31]].</ref> Lawson, whose mother and sister died of cancer, lost Diamond to [[Esophageal cancer|throat cancer]] in March 2001 after he had been diagnosed with the illness in 1997.<ref name="hot"/> One of his last messages to Lawson was, "How proud I am of you and what you have become. The great thing about us is that we have made us who we are."<ref name="extremes"/> His death occurred during the filming of ''Nigella Bites''; "I took a fortnight off. But I'm not a great believer in breaks", Lawson explained,<ref name="extremes"/> but she did suffer a bout of depression.<ref name="reality"/> After his death, Lawson kept all of the press clippings in what she called her "Morbidobox".<ref name="extremes"/>
Lawson later married art-collector [[Charles Saatchi]] in September 2003,<ref>BBC Press Release. [http://www.bbc.co.uk/pressoffice/pressreleases/stories/2003/10_october/10/jr_nigella.shtml Jonathan Ross cooks up a storm with Nigella Lawson]. [[BBC]], [[2003-10-10]]. Retrieved on [[2007-09-30]].</ref> having attracted disapproval when she moved in it with him nine months after Diamond's death.<ref name="doll"/> Lawson was had also come under criticism when it was suggested she started her relationship with Saatchi before the death of Diamond.<ref>Viner, Brian. [http://www.nigella.com/nigella/detail.asp?article=37&area=10 'My children would like me to remarry']. ''Sainsbury's Magazine'', 2002. Retrieved from nigella.com on [[2007-09-29]].</ref> They currently live in a £7 million home in [[Eaton Square]] in London's exclusive [[Belgravia]] district.<ref name="bus"/> Saatchi is worth a reputed £70 million,<ref>Turner, Janice. [http://www.timesonline.co.uk/tol/life_and_style/food_and_drink/nigella_lawson/article2322458.ece?token=null&offset=0 The N Factor]. ''[[The Times]]'', [[2007-09-01]]. Retrieved on [[2007-10-01]].</ref> while Lawson herself is worth £15 million as of 2007, £8 million of which comes from book sales.<ref name="pockets"/> It widely began circulating in the media in early 2008 that Lawson had been quoted as saying her two children should not inherit any of the fortune, apparently having said, "I am determined that my children should have no financial security. It ruins people not having to earn money".<ref name="penniless"/> She strongly denied these plans in a statement on her personal website, which read, "Of course I have no intention of leaving my children destitute and starving - rather, this is a story that came from a comment I made about my belief that you have to work in order to learn the value of money".<ref name="hitsback">[http://www.dailymail.co.uk/pages/live/articles/showbiz/showbiznews.html?in_article_id=511887&in_page_id=1773 Nigella Lawson hits back at claims she plans to cut children out of will]. ''[[The Daily Mail]]'', [[2008-02-03]]. Retrieved on [[2008-02-02]].</ref>
Although both Lawson's parents are Jewish, [[Judaism]] has played no significant part religiously in her life, but she reckons that she has developed a somewhat "Jewish character".<ref name="reality"/> She was brought up without any religion and she considers herself an atheist.<ref name="doll"/><ref>"I was brought up an atheist and have always remained so. But at no time was I led to believe that morality was unimportant or that good and bad did not exist. I believe passionately in the need to distinguish between right and wrong and am somewhat confounded by being told I need God, Jesus or a clergyman to help me to do so." Nigella Lawson, We atheists know right from wrong, ''[[The Times]]'', [[1996-06-29]]. Features section.</ref> Lawson has said that her two children have retained atheist beliefs.<ref name="doll"/> In one of her newspaper articles she has shown a liberal attitude to sexuality ("most [women] simply have, somewhere, a fantasy about having sex, in a non-defining, non-exclusive way, with other women").<ref>Lawson, Nigella. [http://observer.guardian.co.uk/comment/story/0,6903,416467,00.html Sapphism is more than designer-dykery]. ''[[The Guardian]]'', [[2000-12-31]]. Retrieved on [[2007-09-29]].</ref> She has said that she loves watching [[football (soccer)|football]] and is an avid supporter of [[Chelsea F.C.|Chelsea football club]].<ref>Editors at Daily Mail. [http://www.dailymail.co.uk/pages/live/articles/showbiz/showbiznews.html?in_article_id=486631&in_page_id=1773 Nigella reveals seduction secrets... stockings, suspenders and high-heels in bed]. ''[[The Daily Mail]]'', [[2007-10-10]]. Retrieved on [[2007-10-09]].</ref>
It was revealed by leaked documents in 2003 that Lawson has declined an [[Order of the British Empire|OBE]] from [[Queen Elizabeth II]].<ref>Branigan, Tania. [http://politics.guardian.co.uk/whitehall/story/0,9061,1111643,00.html The ultimate honour - impressive list of those who refused to bow to the system]. ''[[The Guardian]]'', [[2003-12-22]]. Retrieved on [[2007-12-13]].</ref><ref>Alibhai-Brown, Yasmin. [http://comment.independent.co.uk/columnists_a_l/yasmin_alibhai_brown/article83585.ece It is an honour to stand among the refuseniks]. ''[[The Independent]]'', [[2003-12-22]]. Retrieved on [[2007-05-11]].</ref>
==Television credits==
{| border="2" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" style="margin: 1em 1em 1em 0; background: #f9f9f9; border: 1px #aaa solid; border-collapse: collapse; font-size: 90%;"
|- bgcolor="#B0C4DE" align="center"
! Year
! Programme
! Episodes and duration
|-
| 2000
| ''Nigella Bites''
| Series one: 5 x 30 minute episodes
|-
| 2001
| ''Nigella Bites''
| Series two: 10 x 30 minute episodes
|-
| 2001
| ''Nigella Bites Christmas Special''
| 1 x 60 minute episode
|-
| 2002
| ''Forever Summer''
| 8 x 30 minute episodes
|-
| 2005
| ''Nigella''
| 20 x 60 minute episodes
|-
| 2006
| ''Nigella Feasts''
| 13 x 30 minute episodes
|-
| 2006
| ''Nigella's Christmas Kitchen''
| 3 x 30 minute episodes
|-
| 2007
| ''Nigella Express''
| 13 x 30 minute episodes
|-
|}
==Bibliography==
*''How to Eat: Pleasures and Principles of Good Food'', Chatto and Windus, John Wiley & Sons, (ISBN 0-471-25750-8, 1998)
*''How to Be a [[Domestic goddess|Domestic Goddess]]: Baking and the Art of Comfort Cooking'', Chatto and Windus, (ISBN 0-7011-6888-9, 2000)
*''Nigella Bites'', Chatto and Windus, (ISBN 0-7011-7287-8, 2001)
*''Forever Summer with Nigella'', Chatto and Windus, (ISBN 0-7011-7381-5, 2002)
*''Feast: Food to Celebrate Life'', Chatto and Windus, (ISBN 0-7011-7521-4, 2004) or Hyperion (ISBN 1-4013-0136-3, 2004)
*''Nigella Express'', Chatto and Windus, (ISBN 0-7011-8184-2, 2007)
==Awards==
*2000: British Book Award - Author of the Year for ''How to be a Domestic Goddess''
*2001: WH Smith Book Award - ''How To Be A Domestic Goddess'' shortlisted for Lifestyle Book of the Year
*2001: Guild of Food Writers - Television Broadcast of the Year for ''Nigella Bites
*2001: World Food Media Awards - Gold Ladle best television food show for ''Nigella Bites''
*2002: WH Smith Book Awards - Lifestyle Book of the Year for ''Nigella Bites''
==References==
{{Reflist|2}}
==See also==
* [[Domestic goddess]]
== External links ==
{{Wikiquote|Nigella Lawson}}
*[http://www.nigella.com/ Nigella Lawson's official website]
*[http://primetime.unrealitytv.co.uk/tag/nigella-lawson/ Nigella Lawson recipes and TV shows]
*{{imdb|id=0991861|name=Nigella Lawson}}
*[http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/familyhistory/get_started/wdytya_celeb_gallery_07.shtml Nigella Lawson on ''Who Do You Think Are?''] at [[bbc.co.uk]]
{{DEFAULTSORT:Lawson, Nigella}}
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