Nokia 21242 226004041 2008-07-16T12:04:22Z 202.22.193.16 /* External links */ {{two other uses|the telecommunications corporation|the Finnish city|Nokia, Finland}} {{Infobox_Company | company_name = Nokia Corporation | company_logo = [[Image:Nokian logo.svg|175px]] | company_type = [[Public company|Public]] &ndash; [[Osakeyhtiö|Oyj]]<br /><small>({{OMX|HEX24311|NOK1V}}, {{nyse|NOK}}, {{FWB|NOA3}})</small> | foundation = [[Nokia, Finland|Nokia]], [[Finland]] ([[1865]]) | founder = [[Fredrik Idestam]] | location_city = {{flagicon|Finland}} [[Espoo]] | location_country = [[Finland]] | key_people = [[Kari Kairamo]], [[CEO]] in the [[1980s]]<br />[[Olli-Pekka Kallasvuo]], [[President]] & [[Chief executive officer|CEO]]<br />[[Jorma Ollila]], [[Chairman]] | industry = [[Telecommunication]]s | products = [[Mobile phone]]s<br>[[Smartphone]]s<br>[[Multimedia computer]]s<br>[[Telecommunications network|Networks]] | services = [[Service (economics)|Services]] and [[Computer software|Software]]<br />[[Online service provider|Online services]] | revenue = {{increase}} [[Euro|€]]51.058 [[1000000000 (number)|bn]] (2007)<ref name="Annual">{{cite web|url=http://www.nokia.com/A4126495|title=Nokia − Annual Information 2007|date=2008-04-17|work=Nokia Corporation|accessdate=2008-05-14}}</ref> | operating_income = {{increase}} €7.985 bn (2007) | net_income = {{increase}} €7.205 bn (2007) | assets = {{increase}} €37.599 bn (2007) | equity = {{increase}} €17.338 bn (2007) | num_employees = 116,378 as of [[March 31]], [[2008]]<ref name="Quarter">{{cite web|url=http://www.nokia.com/2008/Q1/index.html|title=Q1 2008 Quarterly results|date=2008-04-17|work=Nokia Corporation|accessdate=2008-05-14}}</ref> | subsid = [[Nokia Siemens Networks]]<br/>[[Vertu (company)|Vertu]]<br/>[[Navteq]] | homepage = [http://www.nokia.com/ www.nokia.com] | intl = Yes }} '''Nokia Corporation''' (pronounced {{IPA|[[Help:pronunciation|/nokia/]]}}) {{OMX|HEX24311|NOK1V}}, {{nyse|NOK}}, {{FWB|NOA3}}) is a [[Finland|Finnish]] [[Multinational corporation|multinational]] [[communication]]s [[corporation]], [[Headquarters|headquartered]] in [[Keilaniemi]], [[Espoo]], a city neighbouring Finland's capital [[Helsinki]]. Nokia is focused on wireless and wired [[telecommunications]], with 112,262 employees in 120 countries, sales in more than 150 countries and global annual revenue of 51.1 [[1000000000 (number)|billion]] [[euro]]s and operating profit of 8.0 billion as of 2007.<ref name="Annual"/><ref name="Nokia in brief">{{cite web|url=http://www.nokia.com/NOKIA_COM_1/About_Nokia/Sidebars_new_concept/Nokia_in_brief/InBrief07.pdf|title=Nokia in brief (2007)|date=March 2008|work=Nokia Corporation|accessdate=2008-05-14}}</ref> It is the world's largest manufacturer of [[Mobile phone|mobile telephone]]s: its global device [[market share]] was about 39% in Q1 of 2008, up from 36% in Q1 2007 and down from 40% in Q4 2007.<ref name="Quarter"/> Nokia produces mobile phones for every major [[market segment]] and protocol, including [[Global System for Mobile Communications|GSM]], [[Code division multiple access|CDMA]], and [[W-CDMA]] ([[Universal Mobile Telecommunications System|UMTS]]). Nokia's subsidiary [[Nokia Siemens Networks]] produces [[telecommunications network]] equipments, solutions and services. Nokia has sites for [[research and development]], manufacturing and sales in many continents throughout the world. As of March 2008, Nokia had R&D centers in 10 countries and employed 30,415 people in research and development, representing approximately 27% of Nokia’s total workforce.<ref name="Nokia in brief"/> Nokia Research Center, founded in 1986, is Nokia's industrial research unit of about 800 researchers, engineers and scientists.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.nokia.com/NOKIA_COM_1/Press/twwln/press_kit/Nokia_Research_Center_Press_Backgrounder_October_2007.pdf|title=Nokia Research Center|date=October 2007|work=Nokia Corporation|accessdate=2008-05-14}}</ref> It has sites in seven countries: [[Finland]], [[Denmark]], [[Germany]], [[China]], [[Japan]], [[United Kingdom]] and [[United States]]. Production facilities are located at [[Espoo]], [[Oulu]] and [[Salo, Finland|Salo]], Finland; [[Manaus]], [[Brazil]]; [[Beijing]], [[Dongguan]] and [[Suzhou]], [[China]]; [[Fleet, Hampshire|Fleet]], [[England]]; [[Bochum]] (closing planned for mid-2008),<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.nokia.com/A4136001?newsid=1182125|title=Nokia plans closure of its Bochum site in Germany|date=2008-01-15|work=Nokia Corporation|publisher=Nokia Press Release|accessdate=2008-05-14}}</ref> [[Germany]]; [[Komárom]], [[Hungary]]; [[Chennai]], [[India]]; [[Reynosa, Tamaulipas|Reynosa]], [[Mexico]]; [[Jucu]], [[Romania]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.nokia.com/A4136002?newsid=1114420|title=Nokia to set up a new mobile device factory in Romania|date=2007-03-26|work=Nokia Corporation|publisher=Nokia Press Release|accessdate=2008-05-14}}</ref> and [[Masan]], [[South Korea]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.nokia.com/A4149133|title=Production units|date=May 2006|work=Nokia Corporation|accessdate=2008-05-14}}</ref> Nokia's Design Department remains in Salo, Finland. Nokia plays a very large role in the [[economy of Finland]]: it is by far the largest [[List of Finnish companies|Finnish company]], accounting for about a third of the [[market capitalization]] of the [[Helsinki Stock Exchange]] (OMX Helsinki) as of 2007; a unique situation for an [[Developed country|industrialized country]].<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.taloussanomat.fi/porssi-ja-raha/2007/07/24/Ulkomaalaiset+valtaavat+p%F6rssiyhti%F6it%E4/200717658/103|title=Ulkomaalaiset valtaavat pörssiyhtiöitä|last=Kapanen|first=Ari|date=2007-07-24|publisher=Taloussanomat.fi|language=Finnish|accessdate=2008-05-14}}</ref> It is an important employer in Finland and several small companies have grown into large ones as Nokia's [[subcontractor]]s. Nokia increased Finland's [[Gross domestic product|GDP]] by more than 1.5% in 1999 alone. In 2004 Nokia's share of the Finland's GDP was 3.5% and accounted for almost a quarter of Finland's exports in 2003. In 2006, Nokia generated revenue that for the first time exceeded the [[Government budget|state budget]] of Finland. [[Finnish people|Finns]] have ranked Nokia many times as the best Finnish brand and employer. Valued at $33.7 billion, the Nokia brand is listed as the 5th most valuable global brand in [[Interbrand]]/[[BusinessWeek]]'s Best Global Brands list of 2007 (1st non-US company).<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ourfishbowl.com/images/surveys/Interbrand_BGB_2007.pdf|title=Best Global Brands 2007|date=2007-07-26|work=Interbrand|accessdate=2008-05-14}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.businessweek.com/pdfs/2007/0732_globalbrands.pdf|title=The 100 Top Brands 2007 (Scoreboard)|date=2007-08-06|work=Interbrand|publisher=BusinessWeek|accessdate=2008-05-14}}</ref> As of 2007, it is the number one brand in [[Asia]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.synovate.com/current/news/extra/20070824/Asia's%20Top%201000%20brands%20fact%20sheet.pdf|title=Asia's Top 1000 brands for 2007|date=2007-08-24|work=Synovate|accessdate=2008-05-14}}</ref> and [[Europe]],<ref>{{cite web|url=http://study.eurobrand.cc/valueranking2007/|title=Eurobrand 2007|work=European Brand Institute|accessdate=2008-05-14}}</ref> the 23rd most admirable company worldwide in [[Fortune (magazine)|Fortune]]'s World's Most Admired Companies list of 2008 (tied with [[ExxonMobil|Exxon Mobil]]; 2nd in Network Communications, 5th non-US company),<ref>{{cite web|url=http://money.cnn.com/magazines/fortune/globalmostadmired/2008/top50/index.html|title=World's Most Admired Companies 2008 – Top 50|date=2008-03-17|publisher=Fortune|accessdate=2008-05-14}}</ref> and is the world's 88th largest company in [[Fortune Global 500]] list of 2008, up from 119 of the previous year.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://money.cnn.com/magazines/fortune/global500/2008/full_list/index.html|title=''Fortune Global 500'' 2008|date=2008-07-21|publisher=Fortune|accessdate=2008-07-14}}</ref> AMR Research ranks Nokia's global [[supply chain]] number one in the world.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://press.nokia.com/PR/200706/1130632_5.html|title=AMR Research ranked Nokia's global supply chain number one in the world|date=2007-06-01|work=Nokia Corporation|publisher=Nokia Press Release|accessdate=2008-05-14}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.amrresearch.com/supplychaintop25/|title=Supply Chain Top 25|date=2007|work=AMR Research|accessdate=2008-05-14}}</ref> ==History== [[Image:Nokia HQ.jpg|thumb|275px|The [[Nokia head office|Nokia House]], Nokia's head office located by the [[Gulf of Finland]] in [[Keilaniemi]], [[Espoo]], was constructed between 1995 and 1997. It is the workplace of more than 1,000 Nokia employees.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.nokia.com/NOKIA_COM_1/About_Nokia/Sidebars_new_concept/Broschures/TowardsTelecomms.pdf|title=Nokia – Towards Telecommunications|date=2000|work=Nokia Corporation|accessdate=2008-06-05}}</ref>]] ===Pre-telecommunications era=== What is known today as Nokia ({{pronEng|ˈnoʊkiə}},{{Fact|date=March 2008}} Finnish {{IPA2|ˈnokiɑ}}) was established in 1865 as a [[Pulp mill|wood-pulp mill]] by [[Knut Fredrik Idestam]] on the banks of the [[Tammerkoski]] rapids in the town of [[Tampere]], in south-western [[Finland]]. The company was later relocated to the town of [[Nokia, Finland|Nokia]] by the Nokianvirta river, which had better resources for [[hydropower]] production. That is where the company got the name that it still uses today. The name ''Nokia'' originated from the river which flowed through the town. The river itself, Nokianvirta, was named after the old Finnish word originally meaning a dark, furry animal that was locally known as the nokia, or [[sable]], or later [[pine marten]]. Finnish Rubber Works established its factories in the beginning of 20th century nearby and began using ''Nokia'' as its brand. Shortly after [[World War I]], Finnish Rubber Works acquired Nokia Wood Mills as well as Finnish Cable Works, a producer of [[telephone]] and [[Telegraphy|telegraph]] cables. These three companies were merged to form Nokia Corporation in 1967. The new company was involved in many sectors, producing at one time or another paper products, [[bicycle]] and [[Automobile|car]] [[tire]]s, footwear (including [[Wellington boot]]s), [[personal computer]]s, communications [[cable]]s, [[television]]s, [[electricity]] generation machinery, [[capacitor]]s, [[aluminium]], etc. ===Telecommunications era=== The seeds of the current incarnation of Nokia were planted with the founding of the electronics section of the cable division in the 1960s. In the 1967 fusion, that section was separated into its own division, and began manufacturing telecommunications equipment. ====First mobile phones==== Nokia had been producing commercial and military mobile radio communications technology since the 1960s. Since 1964 Nokia had developed [[VHF]]-radio simultaneously with Salora Oy, which later in 1971 also developed the [[Autoradiopuhelin|ARP]]-phone. In 1979 the merger of these two companies resulted in the establishment of Mobira Oy. Mobira began developing mobile phones for the [[Nordic Mobile Telephone|Nordic Mobile Telephony]] (NMT) network standard that went online in the 1980s and in 1982 it introduced its first [[car phone]], the Mobira Senator for NMT 450 networks. [[Image:Mobira Cityman 200.jpg|thumb|100px|Nokia's early model Mobira Cityman 200.]] Nokia bought Salora Oy in 1984 and now owning 100% of the company, changed the company's telecommunication branch name to Nokia-Mobira Oy. The Mobira Talkman, launched in 1984, was one of the world's first transportable phones. In 1987, Nokia introduced one of the world's first handheld phones, the Mobira Cityman 900. While the Mobira Senator of 1982 had weighed {{convert|9.8|kg|abbr=on|lk=on}} and the Talkman just under {{convert|5|kg|abbr=on}}, the Mobira Cityman weighed only {{convert|800|g|abbr=on}} with the battery and had a price tag of 24,000 [[Finnish markka|Finnish marks]] (approximately €4,560).<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.nokia.com/A4303009|title=Mobira Cityman – The move to mobile|work=Nokia Corporation|accessdate=2008-05-14}}</ref> Despite the high price, the first phones were almost snatched from the sales assistants’ hands. Initially, the mobile phone was a "[[yuppie]]" product and a [[status symbol]]. In 1988, Jorma Nieminen, resigning from the post of CEO of the mobile phone unit, along with two other employees from the unit, started a notable mobile phone company of their own, [[Benefon]] Oy. One year later, Nokia Mobira Oy became Nokia Mobile Phones and in 1991 the first [[GSM]] phone was launched. ====Involvement in GSM==== [[Nordic Mobile Telephone|Nordic Mobile Telephony]] was the world's first mobile telephony standard that enabled international roaming, and provided valuable experience for Nokia for its close participation in developing [[Global System for Mobile Communications]] (GSM). It is a digital standard which came to dominate the world of mobile telephony in the 1990s, in mid-2006 accounting for about two billion mobile telephone subscribers in the world, or about 80% percent of the total, in more than 200 countries. The world's first commercial GSM call was made in 1991 in Helsinki over a Nokia-supplied network, by then [[Prime Minister of Finland]] [[Harri Holkeri]], using a [[List of Nokia products|Nokia phone]]. ====Networking equipment==== In the 1970s, Nokia became more involved in the [[telecommunication]]s industry by developing the [[Nokia DX200]], a digital switch for [[telephone exchange]]s. In 1982, a DX200 switch became the world's first digital telephone switch to be put into operational use. The DX200 became the workhorse of the network equipment division. Its modular and flexible architecture enabled it to be developed into various switching products. For a while in the 1970s, Nokia's network equipment production was separated into ''Telefenno'', a company jointly owned by the parent corporation and by a company owned by the Finnish state. In 1987 the state sold its shares to Nokia and in 1992 the name was changed to Nokia Telecommunications. In the 1970s and 1980s Nokia developed the Sanomalaitejärjestelmä ("Message device system") for [[Finnish Defence Forces]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.mil.fi/maavoimat/kalustoesittely/index.dsp?level=81|title=Puolustusvoimat: Kalustoesittely – Sanomalaitejärjestelmä|date=2005-06-15|work=Finnish Defence Forces|language=Finnish|accessdate=2008-05-14}}</ref> ====Personal computers==== In the 1980s, Nokia produced a series of [[personal computer]]s called [[MikroMikko]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.old-computers.com/museum/computer.asp?st=1&c=630|title=Nokia MikroMikko 1|publisher=Old-Computers.com|accessdate=2008-05-14}}</ref> However, the PC division was sold to [[International Computers Limited|ICL]], which later became part of [[Fujitsu]]. That company later transferred its personal computer operations to ''[[Fujitsu Siemens Computers]]'', which shut down its only factory in Finland (in the town of Espoo, where computers had been produced since the 1960s) at the end of March 2000<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.eiro.eurofound.eu.int/2000/02/feature/fi0002136f.html|title=Closure of Fujitsu Siemens plant – a repeat of Renault Vilvoorde?|last=Hietanen|first=Juha|date=2000-02-28|publisher=EIRO, European Industrial Relations Observatory on-line|accessdate=2008-05-14}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.eurofound.europa.eu/eiro/2000/02/word/fi0002136ffi.doc|title=Fujitsu Siemens tehdas suljetaan – toistuiko Renault Vilvoord?|last=Hietanen|first=Juha|date=2000-02-28|publisher=EIRO, European Industrial Relations Observatory on-line|language=Finnish|accessdate=2008-05-14}}</ref>, thus ending large-scale PC manufacturing in the country. Nokia was also known for producing very high quality CRT displays for PC and larger systems application. The CRT division was sold to [[Viewsonic]] in 2000<ref>{{cite web|url=http://press.nokia.com/PR/200001/775025_5.html|title=ViewSonic Corporation Acquires Nokia Display Products' Branded Business|accessdate=2008-07-08}}</ref>. ====Challenges of growth==== In the 1980s, during the era of its CEO [[Kari Kairamo]], Nokia expanded into new fields, mostly by acquisitions. In the late 1980s and early 1990s, the corporation ran into serious financial problems, a major reason being its heavy losses by the television manufacturing division (these problems probably contributed to Kairamo taking his own life in 1988). Nokia responded by streamlining its telecommunications divisions, and by divesting itself of the television and PC divisions. [[Jorma Ollila]], who became the CEO in 1992, made a strategic decision to concentrate solely on telecommunications. Thus, during the rest of the 1990s, Nokia continued to divest itself of all of its non-telecommunications divisions. The exploding worldwide popularity of mobile telephones, beyond even Nokia's most optimistic predictions, caused a [[logistics]] crisis in the mid-1990s. This prompted Nokia to overhaul its entire logistics operation. Logistics continues to be one of Nokia's major advantages over its rivals, along with greater economies of scale. ===In the new millennium=== {{recentism|section|date=May 2008}} {{proseline|section}} [[Image:Nokia evolucion tamaño.jpg|thumb|right|225px|Progression of size in Nokia mobile phones.]] In April 2003, the troubles of the networks equipment division caused the corporation to resort to similar streamlining practices on that side, including [[layoff]]s and organizational restructuring.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://press.nokia.com/PR/200304/898905_5.html|title=Nokia Networks takes strong measures to reduce costs, improve profitability and strengthen leadership position|date=2003-04-10|work=Nokia Corporation|publisher=Nokia Press Release|accessdate=2008-05-14}}</ref> This diminished Nokia's public image in Finland,<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www2.hs.fi/english/archive/news.asp?id=20030411IE6|title=Nokia Networks to shed 1,800 jobs worldwide; majority of impact felt in Finland|date=2003-04-11|publisher=Helsingin Sanomat|accessdate=2008-05-14}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.theregister.co.uk/2003/04/10/nokia_networks_axes/|title=Nokia Networks axes 1,800 staff|last=Leyden|first=John|date=2003-04-10|publisher=The Register|accessdate=2008-05-14}}</ref> and produced a number of [[court case]]s and an episode of a [[Documentary film|documentary television show]] critical of Nokia.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.yle.fi/mot/kj050117/englishscript.htm|title=Nokia's Law (transcription)|date=2005-01-17|publisher=YLE TV1, Mot|accessdate=2008-05-14}}</ref> Despite these occasional crises, Nokia has been phenomenally successful in its chosen field. Its growth has come mostly during the era of Jorma Ollila as [[CEO]] and his team of about six close colleagues. In June 2006, Ollila left to become the [[chairman]] of [[Royal Dutch Shell]]. Nokia's new CEO is [[Olli-Pekka Kallasvuo]]. [[Image:6300.jpg|thumb|225px|The [[Nokia 6300]], a member of the [[Nokia 6000 series]], Nokia's largest family of phones.]] On February 2006, Nokia and [[Sanyo]] announced a [[memorandum of understanding]] to create a joint venture addressing the [[CDMA]] handset business. But in June, they announced ending negotiations without agreement. Nokia also stated its decision to pull out of CDMA research and development, to continue CDMA business in selected markets.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.nokia.com/A4136002?newsid=1059331|title=Nokia and SANYO proposed new company will not proceed |date=2006-06-26|work=Nokia Corporation|publisher=Nokia Press Release|accessdate=2008-05-14}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.nokia.com/A4136002?newsid=1059329|title=Nokia decides not to go forward with Sanyo CDMA partnership and plans broad restructuring of its CDMA business|date=2006-06-22|work=Nokia Corporation|publisher=Nokia Press Release|accessdate=2008-05-14}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.nokia.com/A4136002?newsid=1034612|title=Nokia and SANYO Announce Intent to Form a Global CDMA Mobile Phones Business|date=2006-02-14|work=Nokia Corporation|publisher=Nokia Press Release|accessdate=2008-05-14}}</ref> On [[February 10]], [[2006]], Nokia acquired [[Intellisync]] Corporation, a provider of data and PIM synchronization software. On [[June 19]], 2006, Nokia and [[Siemens AG]] announced the companies are to merge their mobile and fixed-line phone network equipment businesses to create one of the world's largest network firms. Each company will have a 50% stake in the infrastructure company, to be headquartered in the Helsinki area, and to be called ''[[Nokia Siemens Networks]]''. The companies predict annual sales of €16 [[1000000000 (number)|bn]] and cost savings of €1.5 bn a year by 2010. About 20,000 Nokia employees will be transferred to this new company. In August 2006, Nokia acquired online music distributor Loudeye Corp for $60 m. The company has been developing this into an online music service in the hope of using it to generate handset sales. The service is expected to launch in late 2007 and would rival [[iTunes]]. In March 2007, Nokia signed a memorandum with [[Cluj County]] Council, [[Romania]] to open a new plant near the city in [[Jucu]] commune.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.boston.com/news/world/europe/articles/2007/03/22/nokia_to_open_cell_phone_plant_near_cluj/|title=Nokia to open cell phone plant near Cluj|date=2007-03-22|work=Associated Press|publisher=Boston.com|accessdate=2008-05-14}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.hs.fi/english/article/Nokia+to+build+mobile+phone+plant+in+Romania/1135226144930|title=Nokia to build mobile phone plant in Romania|date=2007-03-27|publisher=Helsingin Sanomat|accessdate=2008-05-14}}</ref> In May 2007, Nokia announced that its [[Nokia 1100]] handset, with over 200 million units shipped, is the best-selling mobile phone of all time and the world's top-selling consumer electronics product.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.reuters.com/article/technologyNews/idUSL0262945620070503|title=Nokia's cheap phone tops electronics chart|last=Virki|first=Tarmo|date=2007-03-05|publisher=Reuters|accessdate=2008-05-14}}</ref> In July 2007, Nokia acquired all assets of Twango, the comprehensive media sharing solution for organizing and sharing photos, videos and other personal media.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.nokia.com/A4136001?newsid=1141417|title=Nokia acquires Twango to offer a comprehensive media sharing experience|date=2007-07-24|work=Nokia Corporation|publisher=Nokia Press Release|accessdate=2008-05-14}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.nokia.com/NOKIA_COM_1/Press/Materials/NokiaTwangoFAQ.pdf|title=Nokia Acquires Twango – Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)|work=Nokia Corporation|accessdate=2008-05-14}}</ref> In September 2007, Nokia announced its intention to acquire Enpocket, a supplier of mobile advertising [[technology]] and services.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.nokia.com/A4136001?newsid=1153772|title=Nokia to acquire Enpocket to create a global mobile advertising leader|date=2007-09-17|work=Nokia Corporation|publisher=Nokia Press Release|accessdate=2008-05-14}}</ref> In October 2007, pending shareholder and regulatory approval, Nokia bought [[Navteq]], a U.S.-based supplier of digital mapping data, for a price of $8.1 bn.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.infoworld.com/article/07/10/01/Nokia-buys-mapping-service-for-8.1-billion_1.html|title=Nokia buys mapping service for $8.1 billion|last=Niccolai|first=James|date=2007-10-01|work=IDG News Service|publisher=InfoWorld|accessdate=2008-05-14}}</ref> At the Nokia World conference in December 2007, Nokia announced their "Comes With Music" program: Nokia device buyers are to receive a year of complimentary access to music downloads.<ref name="Nokia World 2007">{{cite web|url=http://www.nokia.com/A4136001?newsid=1172937|title=Nokia World 2007: Nokia outlines its vision of Internet evolution and commitment to environmental sustainability|date=2007-12-04|work=Nokia Corporation|publisher=Nokia Press Release|accessdate=2008-05-14}}</ref> The service is expected to be commercially available in the second half of 2008. In April 2008, Nokia began finding new ways to Connect People, asking the “audience” to use their creativity and their mobile devices to become Nokia’s production company - to take part in filming, acting, editing and producing a collaborative film. [[Nokia Productions]] will be the first ever mobile filmmaking project directed by [[Spike Lee]]. This will be a collaborative experience that exists across borders and perspectives—working off a common script. In May [[2008]], Nokia announced on their annual stockholder meeting that they want to shift to the [[internet]] business as a whole. Nokia no longer wants to be seen as the [[telephone]] company. [[Google]], [[Apple Inc.|Apple]] and [[Microsoft]] are not seen as natural competition for their new image but they are considered as major important players to deal with. In July [[2008]], Nokia finalized the aquistion of [[Navteq]]. ==Corporate structure== Since [[January 1]], [[2008]], Nokia comprises three business groups: Devices, Services & Software, and Markets. On April 1, 2007, Nokia’s Networks business group was combined with Siemens’ carrier-related operations for fixed and mobile networks to form [[Nokia Siemens Networks]], jointly owned by Nokia and [[Siemens AG|Siemens]] and consolidated by Nokia. ===Devices=== [[Image:All9xxx.jpg|thumb|225px|Evolution of the [[Nokia Communicator]]. Models 9000, 9110, 9210 and 9500 shown.]] The Devices division combines its existing mainline mobile phones division with the separate subdivisions manufacturing Multimedia ([[Nokia Nseries|Nseries]]) and Enterprise ([[Nokia Eseries|Eseries]]) class devices as well as formerly centralized core devices R&D – called Technology Platforms, headed by Kai Öistämö. This division provides the general public with mobile voice and data products across a wide range of mobile devices, including high-volume, consumer oriented mobile phones and devices, and more expensive multimedia and enterprise-class devices. The devices are based on [[GSM]]/[[Enhanced Data Rates for GSM Evolution|EDGE]], [[3G]]/[[WCDMA]] and [[CDMA]] cellular technologies. Nokia's [[Nokia Nseries|Nseries]] Multimedia Computers extensively uses [[Symbian OS]]. In the first quarter of 2006 Nokia sold over 15 million MP3 capable mobile phones, which means that Nokia is not only the world's leading supplier of mobile phones and digital cameras (as most of Nokia's mobile telephones feature digital cameras, it is also believed that Nokia has recently overtaken Kodak in camera production making it the largest in the world), Nokia is now also the leading supplier of digital audio players (MP3 players), outpacing sales of devices such as the [[iPod]] from [[Apple Inc.|Apple]]. At the end of the year 2007, Nokia managed to sell almost 440 million mobile phones which accounted for 40% of all global mobile phones sales.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.usatoday.com/money/economy/2008-04-17-173945271_x.htm|title=Nokia's 25 percent profit jump falls short of expectations|date=2008-04-17|work=Associated Press|publisher=USA Today|accessdate=2008-05-14}}</ref> ===Services & Software=== [[Image:Nokia N95 front & back.jpg|thumb|225px|The [[Nokia N95]], an example of Nokia's [[Nseries]] multimedia computer lineup.]] The Services & Software division combines the existing Enterprise and Consumer driver services businesses previously hosted in Multimedia and Enterprise as well as a number of new acquisitions (Loudeye, Gate5, Enpocket, Intellisync, Avvenu), headed by Niklas Savander. The group works with companies outside the telecommunications industry to make advances in the technology and bring new applications and possibilities in areas such as [[Online service provider|online services]], [[optics]], music synchronization and [[streaming media]]. ===Markets=== The successor organization to Nokia's Customer and Market Operations division, represents the sales, marketing and manufacturing functions of the company, led by Anssi Vanjoki. ===Nokia Siemens Networks=== {{main|Nokia Siemens Networks}} Nokia Siemens Networks (previously Nokia Networks) provides mobile network infrastructure, communications and networks service platforms, as well as professional services to operators and service providers. Networks focuses in: GSM, EDGE, 3G/WCDMA and WiMAX radio access networks; core networks with increasing IP and multiaccess capabilities; and services. At the end of 2005, Nokia Networks had more than 150 mobile network customers in more than 60 countries, with its systems serving in excess of 400 million subscribers. On [[June 19]], [[2006]] Nokia and [[Siemens AG]] announced the companies are to merge their mobile and fixed-line phone network equipment businesses to create one of the world's largest network firms, called [[Nokia Siemens Networks]]. The Nokia Siemens Networks brand identity, created by [[London]] and [[Tokyo]] based branding agency [[Moving Brands]], was subsequently launched at the 3GSM World Congress in Barcelona in February 2007.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.underconsideration.com/brandnew/archives/the_wave_of_the_future.php|title=The Wave of the Future|date=2007-03-25|work=Brand New: Opinions on Corporate and Brand Identity Work|publisher=UnderConsideration LLC|accessdate=2008-05-14}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.identityworks.com/reviews/2007/Nokia_Siemens.htm|title=Reviews – 2007 – Nokia Siemens Networks|date=2007|work=Identityworks|accessdate=2008-05-14}}</ref> ==Corporate affairs== ===Corporate governance=== The control and management of Nokia is divided among the shareholders at a general meeting and the Group Executive Board (left),<ref name="Group Executive Board">{{cite web|url=http://www.nokia.com/A4126335|title=Group Executive Board|date=April 2007|work=Nokia Corporation|accessdate=2008-05-14}}</ref> under the direction of the Board of Directors (right).<ref name="Board of Directors">{{cite web|url=http://www.nokia.com/A4126350|title=Board of Directors|date=April 2007|work=Nokia Corporation|accessdate=2008-05-14}}</ref> The Chairman and the rest of the Group Executive Board members are appointed by the Board of Directors. Only the Chairman of the Group Executive Board can belong to both, the Board of Directors and the Group Executive Board. The Board of Directors' committees consist of the Audit Committee,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.nokia.com/NOKIA_COM_1/About_Nokia/Sidebars_new_concept/Board_charters/audit_charter.pdf|title=Audit Committee Charter at Nokia|date=2007|work=Nokia Corporation|accessdate=2008-05-14}}</ref> the Personnel Committee<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.nokia.com/NOKIA_COM_1/About_Nokia/Sidebars_new_concept/Board_charters/personnel_charter_2007.pdf|title=Personnel Committee Charter at Nokia|date=2007|work=Nokia Corporation|accessdate=2008-05-14}}</ref> and the Corporate Governance and Nomination Committee.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.nokia.com/NOKIA_COM_1/About_Nokia/Sidebars_new_concept/Board_charters/CG_Charter_2008_Final_20080123.pdf|title=Corporate Governance and Nomination Committee Charter at Nokia|date=2008|work=Nokia Corporation|accessdate=2008-05-14}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.nokia.com/link?cid=EDITORIAL_4207|title=Committees of the Board|date=May 2007|work=Nokia Corporation|accessdate=2008-05-14}}</ref> The operations of the company are managed within the framework set by the Finnish Companies Act,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.lmr.fi/publications/companies_act_290906.pdf|title=New Finnish Companies Act designed to increase Finland’s competitiveness|last=Virkkunen|first=Johannes|date=2006-09-29|work=LMR Attorneys Ltd. (Luostarinen Mettälä Räikkönen)|accessdate=2008-05-14}}</ref> Nokia's Articles of Association<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.nokia.com/NOKIA_COM_1/About_Nokia/Company/Corporate_Governance/Articles_of_Association/Nokia_Articles_of_Association_10052007.pdf|title=Articles of Association|date=2007-05-10|work=Nokia Corporation|accessdate=2008-05-14}}</ref> and Corporate Governance Guidelines,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.nokia.com/NOKIA_COM_1/About_Nokia/Sidebars_new_concept/Board_charters/corporate_governance_guideline_sep06.pdf|title=Corporate Governance Guidelines at Nokia|date=2006|work=Nokia Corporation|accessdate=2008-05-14}}</ref> and related Board of Directors adopted charters. <center> {|style="border-spacing:12px" | style="width:50%;border:none;vertical-align:top" align="center"| {|class="wikitable" width="100%" style="margin:0px 0px" !Group Executive Board <ref name="Group Executive Board"/> |- |align=left|{{flagicon|Finland|size=19px}} [[Olli-Pekka Kallasvuo]] (Chairman), b. 1953<br /><small>President, CEO and Group Executive Board Chairman of Nokia Corporation since June 1, 2006<br />Member of the Nokia Board of Directors since May 3, 2007<br />With Nokia 1980–1981, rejoined 1982, Group Executive Board member since 1990</small><br> |- |align=left|{{flagicon|Finland|size=19px}} Robert Andersson, b. 1960<br /><small>Executive Vice President, Devices Finance, Strategy and Sourcing<br />Joined Nokia 1985, Group Executive Board member since 2005</small> |- |align=left|{{flagicon|UK|size=19px}}/{{flagicon|Australia|size=19px}} [[Simon Beresford-Wylie]], b. 1958<br /><small>Chief Executive Officer, [[Nokia Siemens Networks]]<br />Joined Nokia 1998, Group Executive Board member since 2005</small> |- |align=left|{{flagicon|Finland|size=19px}} Timo Ihamuotila, b. 1966<br /><small>Executive Vice President, Sales<br />With Nokia 1993–1996, rejoined 1999, Group Executive Board member since 2007</small> |- |align=left|{{flagicon|USA|size=19px}} Mary T. McDowell, b. 1964<br /><small>Executive Vice President, Chief Development Officer<br />Joined Nokia 2004, Group Executive Board member since 2004</small> |- |align=left|{{flagicon|Norway|size=19px}} Hallstein Mørk, b. 1953<br /><small>Executive Vice President, Human Resources<br />Joined Nokia 1999, Group Executive Board member since 2004</small> |- |align=left|{{flagicon|Finland|size=19px}} Dr. Tero Ojanperä, b. 1966<br /><small>Executive Vice President, Entertainment & Communities<br />Joined Nokia 1990, Group Executive Board member since 2005</small> |- |align=left|{{flagicon|Finland|size=19px}} Niklas Savander, b. 1962<br /><small>Executive Vice President, Services & Software<br />Joined Nokia 1997, Group Executive Board member since 2006</small> |- |align=left|{{flagicon|USA|size=19px}} Richard A. Simonson, b. 1958<br /><small>Executive Vice President, Chief Financial Officer<br />Joined Nokia 2001, Group Executive Board member since 2004</small> |- |align=left|{{flagicon|Finland|size=19px}} Veli Sundbäck, b. 1946<br /><small>Executive Vice President, Corporate Relations and Responsibility<br />Joined Nokia 1996, Group Executive Board member since 1996</small> |- |align=left|{{flagicon|Finland|size=19px}} Anssi Vanjoki, b. 1956<br /><small>Executive Vice President, Markets<br />Joined Nokia 1991, Group Executive Board member since 1998</small> |- |align=left|{{flagicon|Finland|size=19px}} Dr. Kai Öistämö, b. 1964<br /><small>Executive Vice President, Devices<br />Joined Nokia 1991, Group Executive Board member since 2005</small> |} |style="width:50%;border:none;vertical-align:top" align="center"| {| class="wikitable" width="100%" style="margin:0px 0px" !Board of Directors <ref name="Board of Directors"/><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.nokia.com/A4136001?newsid=1178860|title=Change in the Nokia Board of Directors|date=2007-12-28|work=Nokia Corporation|publisher=Nokia Press Release|accessdate=2008-05-14}}</ref> |- |align=left|{{flagicon|Finland|size=19px}} [[Jorma Ollila]] (Chairman), b. 1950<br /><small>Board member since 1995, Chairman of the Board of Directors since 1999<br />Chairman of the Board of Directors of [[Royal Dutch Shell]] PLC</small> |- |align=left|{{flagicon|USA|size=19px}} [[Marjorie Scardino|Dame Marjorie Scardino]] (Vice Chairman), b. 1947<br /><small>Board member since 2001<br />Chairman of the Corporate Governance and Nomination Committee, Member of the Personnel Committee<br />Chief Executive Officer and member of the Board of Directors of [[Pearson PLC]]</small> |- |align=left|{{flagicon|Finland|size=19px}} Georg Ehrnrooth, b. 1940<br /><small>Board member since 2000<br />Member of the Audit Committee, Member of the Corporate Governance and Nomination Committee</small> |- |align=left|{{flagicon|India|size=19px}} [[Lalita D. Gupte]], b. 1948<br /><small>Board member since 2007<br />Member of the Audit Committee<br />Non-executive Chairman of the [[ICICI Bank|ICICI Venture Funds Management Co Ltd.]]</small> |- |align=left|{{flagicon|Finland|size=19px}} [[Bengt R. Holmström|Dr. Bengt Holmström]], b. 1949<br /><small>Board member since 1999<br />[[Paul Samuelson|Paul A. Samuelson]] Professor of Economics at [[Massachusetts Institute of Technology]],<br />joint appointment at the [[MIT Sloan School of Management]]</small> |- |align=left|{{flagicon|Germany|size=19px}} [[Henning Kagermann|Dr. Henning Kagermann]], b. 1947<br /><small>Board member since 2007<br />CEO and Chairman of the Executive Board of [[SAP AG]]</small> |- |align=left|{{flagicon|Finland|size=19px}} [[Olli-Pekka Kallasvuo]], b. 1953<br /><small>Board member since 2007<br />President and CEO of Nokia Corporation</small> |- |align=left|{{flagicon|Sweden|size=19px}} Per Karlsson, b. 1955<br /><small>Board member since 2002, Independent Corporate Advisor<br />Chairman of the Personnel Committee, Member of the Corporate Governance and Nomination Committee</small> |- |align=left|{{flagicon|Finland|size=19px}} [[Risto Siilasmaa]], b. 1966<br /><small>Board member since 2008<br />Member of the Audit Committee</small> |- |align=left|{{flagicon|Finland|size=19px}} Keijo Suila, b. 1945<br /><small>Board member since 2006<br />Member of the Audit Committee</small> |} |} </center> {{clear}} ===Historical logos=== <center><gallery perrow="5"> Image:Nokia logo (1865).svg|Nokia Company logo. Founded in [[Tampere]] in 1865, logo 1966. Image:Finnish Rubber Works (Nokia) logo 1965.svg|Nokia – Finnish Rubber Works Ltd, founded in [[Helsinki]] in 1898.<br />Logo 1965–1966. Image:Nokia arrows logo.svg|The Nokia "arrows" logo before its Connecting People logo. Image:Nokia Connecting People.svg|Nokia introduced its "Connecting People" [[advertising slogan]], coined by Ove Strandberg.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.hs.fi/arkisto/haku?pageNumber=1&order=FIFO&advancedSearch=&free=Connecting+People+Ove+Strandberg&date=year2003&depa=Kaikki+osastot&fromDay=0&fromMonth=0&fromYear=0&toDay=0&toMonth=0&toYear=0|title=HS Archives|date=2003-06-01|publisher=Helsingin Sanomat|language=Finnish|accessdate=2008-05-14}}</ref> <hr><small>The current logo's slogan uses Nokia's proprietary Nokia font. This earlier font shown here was [[Times Roman|Times Roman SC]] (Small Caps).<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.nokia.com/A4126575|title=Nokia Strategic Marketing, Brand Identity|last=Pitkänen|first=Juhani (Nokia's Art Director)|date=2007-09-03|work=Nokia Corporation|accessdate=2008-05-14}}</ref><!-- Quote: "Font used in Nokia's "Connecting People" slogan is slightly modified Times Roman SC: e.g. letter spacing (kerning) is manually adjusted." --Juhani Pitkänen, Art Director, Nokia Strategic Marketing, Brand Identity --></small> Image:Nokia Siemens Networks logo.svg|[[Nokia Siemens Networks]] logo. </gallery></center> {{Advert|date=June 2008}} ===Corporate culture=== [[Image:Nokian pääkonttori Keilaniemessä.jpg|thumb|275px|The [[Nokia head office|Nokia House]], Nokia's head office in [[Keilaniemi]], [[Espoo]], [[Finland]].]] Nokia's official [[Organizational culture|corporate culture]] manifesto, ''The Nokia Way'', emphasises the speed and flexibility of decision-making in a flat, [[Entrepreneurial network|networked organization]], although the corporation's size necessarily imposes a certain amount of [[bureaucracy]]. The official business language of Nokia is English. All documentation is written in English, and is used in official intra-company spoken communication and e-mail. Until May 2007, the ''Nokia Values'' were [[Customer satisfaction|Customer Satisfaction]], [[Respect]], [[Goal (management)|Achievement]], and Renewal. In May 2007, Nokia redefined its values after initiating a series of discussions worldwide as to what the new values of the company should be. Based on the employee suggestions, the new values were defined as: Engaging You, Achieving Together, Passion for Innovation and Very Human.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.nokia.com/A4126303|title=Nokia Way and values|work=Nokia Corporation|accessdate=2008-05-14}}</ref> ==Online services== ====.mobi and the Mobile Web==== Nokia was the first proponent of a [[Top Level Domain]] (TLD) specifically for the [[Mobile Web]] and, as a result, was instrumental in the launch of the [[.mobi]] domain name extension in September 2006 as an official backer.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://mtld.mobi/company/about/investors|title=dotMobi Investors|publisher=dotMobi|accessdate=2008-05-14}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://research.nokia.com/files/Haumont-dotMobi.pdf|title=dotMobi, a Key Enabler for the Mobile Internet|last=Haumont|first=Serge|coauthors=Siren, Ritva|work=Nokia Corporation|publisher=Nokia Research Center|accessdate=2008-05-14}}</ref> Since then, Nokia has launched the largest mobile portal, [http://nokia.mobi Nokia.mobi], which receives over 100 million visits a month.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.adservice.nokia.com/faq.jsp#12|title=Nokia Ad Business|work=Nokia Corporation|accessdate=2008-05-14}}</ref> It followed that with the launch of a mobile [http://www.adservice.nokia.com/ Ad Service] to cater to the growing demand for mobile advertisement.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://news.com.com/2100-1039_3-6164800.html|title=Nokia introduces mobile ad services|last=Reardon|first=Marguerite|date=2007-03-06|publisher=CNET News.com|accessdate=2008-05-14}}</ref> ====Ovi==== [[Image:Nokia-Ovi-logo.jpg|thumb|175px|Nokia [[Ovi (Nokia)|Ovi]] logo.]] [[Ovi (Nokia)|Ovi]], announced on [[August 29]], [[2007]], is the name for Nokia's "umbrella concept" Internet services. Centered on Ovi.com, it will market as "personal dashboard" where users can share photos with friends, download music, maps and games directly to their phones and access third-party services like Yahoo's [[Flickr]] photo site. It has some significance in that Nokia is moving deeper into the world of Internet services, where head-on competition with [[Microsoft]], [[Google]] and [[Apple Inc.|Apple]] is inevitable.<ref name="nytimes">{{cite news|url=http://www.nytimes.com/idg/IDG_002570DE00740E18002573A70046F2EF.html?ref=technology|title=Nokia Lays Plan for More Internet Services|last=Niccolai|first=James|date=2007-12-04|work=IDG News Service|publisher=New York Times|accessdate=2008-05-14}}</ref> The services so far announced to be offered through Ovi include the Nokia Music Store, Nokia Maps and the [[N-Gage 2.0|N-Gage]] mobile gaming platform available for several [[S60 platform|S60]] [[smartphone]]s. ====MOSH==== In August 2007, Nokia launched their new social network, dubbed [[MOSH]]. MOSH by Nokia is the first-ever social network built by a handset manufacturer. [[MOSH]] aims to bring social, media-based networks to the mobile environment. Users can upload, download, share, and bookmark a variety of media - audio files, video files, documents, applications, games, images.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.intomobile.com/2007/08/09/nokia-launches-mobile-social-network-mosh-by-nokia.html|title=Nokia launches MOSH social network – Mobilize and Share|date=2007-08-09|publisher=IntoMobile|accessdate=2008-05-14}}</ref> ====Comes With Music==== On [[December 4]], [[2007]], Nokia unveiled their plans for the "Nokia Comes With Music" initiative, a program that would partner with [[Universal Music Group|Universal Music Group International]] and [[Sony BMG]] to bundle a year's worth of unlimited, [[Digital rights management|DRM]]-free downloads with the purchase of a Nokia phone. Following the termination of the year of free downloads, tracks can be kept without having to renew the subscription. Downloads will be both PC and mobile-based.<ref name="Nokia World 2007"/> ==Environmental record== When people improperly discard items like computers, DVD players, and cell phones, [[e-waste]] is then created, which affects the environment.<ref name="E-waste">{{cite web|url=http://www.thejournalok.com/atf.php?sid=12418|title=E-waste event sees more people discarding TVs|last=Charles|first=Michelle|date=2008-05-01|publisher=The Journal|accessdate=2008-05-14}}</ref> The majority of [[e-waste]] is hazardous to both people and the environment because it usually releases toxic materials, like lead and mercury, into soil and water, which can then affect humans, animals, and plants.<ref name="E-waste"/> Despite the fact that Nokia produces some of these items, they are taking some steps to reduce their impact on the environment. [[Greenpeace]], an environmental protection agency, released their seventh edition of Guide to Greener Electronics, which ranked Nokia in third place.<ref name="Greenpeace">{{cite news|url=http://www.heise.de/english/newsticker/news/105302|title=Greenpeace: Samsung and Toshiba are the "greenest"|date=2008-03-19|publisher=Heise Zeitschriften Verlag News|accessdate=2008-05-14}}</ref> Some of the factors that are considered by this agency include the type of chemicals used in the company’s electronic products and the recycling programs they utilize.<ref name="Greenpeace"/> Despite the fact that the company once held the first place position in this guide, their third place rank is an improvement from their previously held tenth place.<ref name="Greenpeace"/> Although Nokia should have claimed the number one spot with 8.3 out of 10 points, they were penalized because of flaws and variances in their take-back policies.<ref name="Tech Goes Greener">{{cite news|url=http://www.pcworld.com/article/id,144482-c,recycling/article.html|title=Tech Goes Greener|last=Rubio|first=Jenalyn|date=2008-04-12|work=Computerworld Philippines|publisher=PC World|accessdate=2008-05-14}}</ref> There have been improvements in the Philippines and Thailand, but Nokia has not yet announced or implemented a return program for their products in India or Russia.<ref name="Greenpeace"/><ref name="Tech Goes Greener"/> In an effort to further reduce their environmental impact, Nokia released a new phone concept, Remade, in February of 2008.<ref name="Tech Goes Greener"/> The phone has been constructed of solely recyclable materials.<ref name="Tech Goes Greener"/> The outer part of the phone is made from recycled materials such as aluminum cans, plastic bottles, and used car tires.<ref name="Nokia Remade">{{cite web|url=http://www.mobiletor.com/2008/04/09/nokia-remade-concept-phone-goes-green/|title=Nokia Remade Concept Phone goes Green|date=2008-04-09|publisher=Mobiletor|accessdate=2008-05-14}}</ref> The screen is constructed of recycled glass, and the hinges have been created from rubber tires.<ref name="Nokia Remade"/> The interior of the phone is entirely constructed with refurbished phone parts, and there is a feature that encourages energy saving habits by reducing the backlight to the ideal level, which then allows the battery to last longer without frequent charges.<ref name="Nokia Remade"/> The product’s price or release date has not yet been announced.<ref name="Nokia Remade"/> ==Research cooperation with universities== * [[Helsinki University of Technology]], Finland * [[Massachusetts Institute of Technology]], United States * [[Stanford University]], United States * [[Tampere University of Technology]], Finland * [[University of Cambridge]], United Kingdom * [[University of Glasgow]], United Kingdom ==See also== * [[List of Nokia products]] * [[Symbian OS]] * [[Nokian Tyres]] * [[Gnokii]] * [[Nokia Software Updater]] * [[Sugar Bowl|Nokia Sugar Bowl]] ==References== {{reflist|2}} ==Further reading== * Christian Lindholm, Turkka Keinonen, Harri Kiljander (2003). ''Mobile Usability: How Nokia Changed the Face of the Mobile Phone''. ISBN 0-07-138514-2. * Dan Steinbock (2001). ''The Nokia Revolution: The Story of an Extraordinary Company That Transformed an Industry''. ISBN 0-8144-0636-X. * Martti Häikiö (2002). ''Nokia: The Inside Story''. ISBN 0-273-65983-9. * Michael Lattanzi, Antti Korhonen, Vishy Gopalakrishnan (2006). ''Work Goes Mobile: Nokia's Lessons from the Leading Edge''. ISBN 0-470-02752-5. * Trevor Merriden (2001). ''Business The Nokia Way: Secrets of the World's Fastest Moving Company''. ISBN 1-84112-104-5. ==External links== <!--- Please 1) Follow the [[WP:EL]] guideline if you can, and consider discussing on the talk page 2) Do not turn these bullets into headers! They expand the TOC and make the FAC people rather unhappy --> {{Sisterlinks|Nokia}} *[http://www.nokia.com/ Official Nokia portal] *[http://www.gsmsolutionsltd.com/download/Nokia_Product_History.pdf Complete Nokia Product History (PDF 179kb)] *[http://biz.yahoo.com/ic/41/41820.html Yahoo! – Nokia Corporation Company Profile] *[http://www.symbian.it Symbian.it] The Italian Portal for Symbian OS *[http://www.cogmap.com/chart/nokia Nokia Organization Chart] *[http://www.nokiasymbianthemes.com Nokia Themes] Themes exclusively designed for Nokia S60 N-Series and E-Series. {{Nokia phones}} {{OMX Helsinki 25 companies}} {{OMX Stockholm 30 companies}} {{IT giants}} [[Category:Electronics companies of Finland]] [[Category:Companies established in 1865]] [[Category:Telecommunications equipment vendors]] [[Category:Nokia|*]] [[Category:Companies listed on the Helsinki Stock Exchange]] [[Category:Companies formerly listed on the London Stock Exchange]] [[Category:Companies of Finland]] [[Category:Finnish brands]] [[Category:Mobile phone manufacturers]] [[ar:نوكيا]] [[az:Nokia]] [[bn:নোকিয়া]] [[bs:Nokia]] [[bg:Нокиа]] [[ca:Nokia]] [[cs:Nokia]] [[da:Nokia]] [[de:Nokia]] [[et:Nokia (firma)]] [[es:Nokia]] [[eo:Nokia (kompanio)]] [[eu:Nokia]] [[fa:نوکیا]] [[fr:Nokia]] [[ga:Nokia]] [[gl:Nokia]] [[ko:노키아]] [[hr:Nokia]] [[id:Nokia]] [[is:Nokia]] [[it:Nokia]] [[he:נוקיה]] [[ka:ნოკია]] [[ky:Нокиа]] [[lv:Nokia]] [[lt:Nokia (bendrovė)]] [[hu:Nokia]] [[ml:നോക്കിയ]] [[ms:Nokia]] [[nl:Nokia (bedrijf)]] [[ja:ノキア]] [[no:Nokia (selskap)]] [[uz:Nokia]] [[pl:Nokia]] [[pt:Nokia]] [[ro:Nokia]] [[ru:Nokia]] [[simple:Nokia]] [[sk:Nokia]] [[sl:Nokia]] [[sr:Нокија]] [[sh:Nokia]] [[fi:Nokia (yritys)]] [[sv:Nokia]] [[tl:Nokia]] [[th:โนเกีย]] [[vi:Nokia]] [[tr:Nokia Corporation]] [[uk:Nokia]] [[bat-smg:Nokia]] [[zh:诺基亚]]