Northern Qi
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{{NS_Dynasties}}
The '''Northern Qi Dynasty''' (Chinese: 北齊; Běiqí) was one of the [[Northern dynasties]] of Chinese history and ruled northern China from [[550]] to [[577]]. It was the successor state of the [[Xianbei]] state of [[Eastern Wei]], as Eastern Wei's paramount general [[Gao Huan]] was succeeded by his sons [[Gao Cheng]] and [[Emperor Wenxuan of Northern Qi|Gao Yang]], who took the throne from [[Emperor Xiaojing of Eastern Wei]] in 550 and established Northern Qi as its Emperor Wenxuan. As Northern Qi was plagued by violent and/or incompetent emperors (Emperor Wenxuan, [[Emperor Wucheng of Northern Qi|Emperor Wucheng]], and [[Gao Wei]]), corrupt officials, and deteriorating armies. Although it was the strongest state of the three main Chinese states (along with [[Northern Zhou]] and [[Chen Dynasty]]) when it was established, it gradually declined and was destroyed by Northern Zhou in 577. (Emperor Wenxuan's son [[Gao Shaoyi]] the Prince of Fanyang, under protection by [[Tujue]], later declared himself the emperor of Northern Qi in exile, but in [[580]] was turned over by Tujue to [[Northern Zhou]] and exiled to modern [[Sichuan]]. It is a matter of controversy whether Gao Shaoyi should properly be considered a Northern Qi emperor, but in any case the 577 date is generally used by historians as the ending date for Northern Qi.)
== Emperors ==
{| class="wikitable" width="100%"
|- bgcolor="#CCCCCC"
! Posthumous Names ( [[Shi Hao]] 諡號) !! Born Names !! Period of Reigns !! Era Names ([[Nian Hao]] 年號) and their according range of years
|-
|colspan="4" align="center"|'''Northern Qi Dynasty [[550]]-[[577]]'''
|-
|colspan="4" align="center"|''Convention: Northern Qi + posthumous name''
|-
|[[Emperor Wenxuan of Northern Qi|Wen Xuan Di]] (文宣帝 wén xuān dì)
|Gao Yang (高洋 gāo yáng)
|[[550]]-[[559]]
|Tianbao (天保 tiān bǎo) [[550]]-[[559]]
|-
|[[Emperor Fei of Northern Qi|Fei Di]] (廢帝 fèi dì)
|Gao Yin (高殷 gāo yīn)
|[[559]]-[[560]]
|Qianming (乾明 qián míng) [[560]]
|-
|[[Emperor Xiaozhao of Northern Qi|Xiao Zhao Di]] (孝昭帝 xiào zhāo dì)
|Gao Yan (高演 gāo yǎn)
|[[560]]-[[561]]
|Huangjian (皇建 huáng jiàn) [[560]]-[[561]]
|-
|[[Emperor Wucheng of Northern Qi|Wu Cheng Di]] (武成帝 wǔ chéng dì)
|Gao Dan (高湛 gāo dān)
|[[561]]-[[565]]
|Taining (太寧 tài níng) [[561]]-[[562]]<br>Heqing (河清 hé qīng) [[562]]-[[565]]
|-
|Hou Zhu (後主 hòu zhǔ)
|[[Gao Wei]] (高緯 gāo wěi)
|[[565]]-[[577]]<ref>Gao Wei's cousin [[Gao Yanzong]] the Prince of Ande (Gao Cheng's son) briefly declared himself emperor around the new year [[577]] after the soldiers guarding the city of Jinyang (晉陽, in modern [[Taiyuan]], [[Shanxi]]) demanded that he claim the title when Gao Wei abandoned Jinyang. Gao Yanzong, however, was almost immediately defeated and captured by Northern Zhou troops, and therefore is generally not considered a true Northern Qi emperor.</ref>
|Tiantong (天統 tiān tǒng) [[565]]-[[569]]<br>Wuping (武平 wǔ píng) [[570]]-[[576]]<br>Longhua (隆化 lóng huà) [[576]]
|-
|You Zhu (幼主 yòu zhǔ)
|[[Gao Heng]] (高恆 gāo héng)
|[[577]]<ref>In 577, Gao Wei, then with the title ''[[Taishang Huang]]'' (retired emperor), tried to issue an edict on his son's behalf yielding the throne to his uncle (Gao Huan's son) Gao Jie (高湝) the Prince of Rencheng, but the officials he sent to deliver the edict to Gao Jie surrendered to Northern Zhou rather than delivering the edict to Gao Jie, who was subsequently also captured by Northern Zhou troops. It is questionable whether Gao Jie was even aware of the edict, and in any case, Gao Jie never used imperial title.</ref><ref>As noted above, Emperor Wenxuan's son Gao Shaoyi tried to establish a Northern Qi court in exile on Tujue's territory, but was not successful in his efforts in recapturing formerly Northern Qi territory, and was eventually turned over by Tujue to Northern Zhou. Most historians do not consider him a true Northern Qi emperor, although the matter remains in controversy.</ref>
|Chengguang (承光 chéng guāng) [[577]]
|-
|}
[[Image:Asia_565ad.jpg|thumb|300px|Asia in 565 AD, showing Northern Qi lands and their neighbors.]]
==See also==
{{commonscat|Northern Qi Dynasty}}
*[[Southern dynasty]]
*[[Northern dynasty]]
*[[Chinese sovereign]]
*[[Eurasian Avars|Avars]]
*[[Buddhism]]
*[[Buddhism in China]]
== Notes and references ==
[[Image:Chinese Boddhisattva statue.jpg|thumb|200px|Northern Qi [[Bodhisattva]].]]
<references/>
* ''[[Book of Northern Qi]]''.
* ''[[History of Northern Dynasties]]''.
* ''[[Zizhi Tongjian]]''.
[[Category:Northern Qi|*]]
[[Category:550 establishments]]
[[Category:577 disestablishments]]
[[Category:Former countries in Chinese history]]
{{china-hist-stub}}
[[de:Nördliche Qi]]
[[fr:Dynastie Qi du Nord]]
[[ko:북제]]
[[ja:北斉]]
[[ru:Северная Ци]]
[[fi:Pohjoinen Qi-dynastia]]
[[zh:北齐]]