Novi Sad
113288
225893466
2008-07-15T22:06:45Z
Rjwilmsi
203434
gen fixes + link/fix date fields in cite templates (explanation [[User:Rjwilmsi#My_correction_of_citation_templates|here]]) using [[Project:AutoWikiBrowser|AWB]]
{{otheruses}}<!-- Infobox begins -->
<!-- Infobox begins -->{{Infobox Settlement
|official_name = City of Novi Sad
|other_name = Град Нови Сад<br>''Grad Novi Sad''<br>''Újvidék Város''<br>''Mesto Nový Sad''<br>Город Нови Сад
|native_name =
|nickname = Serbian Athens
|motto = Град по мери грађана<br>''Grad po meri građana''<br>City of its citizens' needs
|image_skyline =
|imagesize = 250px
|image_caption =
|image_flag = Ns_zastava.jpg
|image_seal =
|image_shield = Novi sad.gif
|image_blank_emblem =
|image_map = Serbia Novi Sad.png
|mapsize = 120px
|map_caption = Location of Novi Sad within Serbia
|pushpin_map =
|pushpin_label_position =
|subdivision_type = [[Countries of the world|Country]]
|subdivision_name = {{SRB}}
|subdivision_type1 = [[Subdivisions of Serbia|Province]]
|subdivision_name1 = {{flag|Vojvodina}}
|subdivision_type2 = [[Districts of Serbia|District]]
|subdivision_name2 = [[South Bačka District|South Bačka]]
|subdivision_type3 = [[Municipalities of Serbia|Municipalities]]
|subdivision_name3 = [[Politics of Novi Sad#Municipalities|2]]
|government_type =
|leader_title = [[Mayor of Novi Sad|Mayor]]
|leader_name = [[Igor Pavličić]] ([[Democratic Party (Serbia)|DS]])
|leader_title1 = [[List of political parties in Serbia|Ruling parties]]
|leader_name1 = [[Democratic Party (Serbia)|DS]]/[[G17+]]/[[Together for Vojvodina]]/[[Hungarian Coalition]]
|leader_title2 =
|leader_name2 =
|leader_title3 =
|leader_name3 =
|established_title = Founded
|established_date = [[1694]]
|established_title2 = City status
|established_date2 = [[February 1]], [[1748]]
|established_title3 =
|established_date3 =
|area_footnotes =
|area_magnitude =
|area_total_km2 = 699
|area_total_sq_mi = 269.9
|area_land_km2 =
|area_land_sq_mi =
|area_water_km2 =
|area_water_sq_mi =
|area_water_percent =
|area_urban_km2 = 129.4
|area_urban_sq_mi = 49.9
|area_metro_km2 =
|area_metro_sq_mi =
|area_blank1_title =
|area_blank1_sq_mi =
|area_blank1_km2 =
|area_blank2_title =
|area_blank2_sq_mi =
|area_blank2_km2 =
|population_as_of = [[2002]]
|population_footnotes = <ref name=Popis>{{cite book|title=Popis stanovništva, domaćinstava i Stanova 2002. Knjiga 1: Nacionalna ili etnička pripadnost po naseljima|publisher=Statistical Office of the Republic of Serbia|language=Serbian|year=2003|isbn=86-84443-00-09}}</ref>
|population_note =
|population_total = 299,294
|population_density_km2 = 428.2
|population_density_sq_mi = 1108.9
|population_metro_km2 =
|population_density_metro_km2 =
|population_density_metro_sq_mi =
|population_urban = 216,583
|population_density_urban_sq_mi =
|population_density_urban_km2= 1673.7
|population_blank1_title =
|population_blank1 =
|population_density_blank1_km2 =
|population_density_blank1_sq_mi =
|population_blank2_title =
|population_blank2 =
|population_density_blank2_km2 =
|population_density_blank2_sq_mi =
|timezone = [[Central European Time|CET]]
|utc_offset = +1
|timezone_DST = [[Central European Summer Time|CEST]]
|utc_offset_DST = +2
|latd = 45|latm= 15|lats =|latNS = N
|longd = 19|longm = 51|longs =|longEW = E
|elevation_footnotes =
|elevation_m = 80
|elevation_ft = 262
|postal_code_type = Postal code
|postal_code = 21000
|area_code = [[List of dialing codes in Serbia|+381(0)21]]
|website = [http://www.gradnovisad.org.yu/ www.gradnovisad.org.yu]
|blank_name = [[Serbian vehicle registration plates|Car plates]]
|blank_info = NS
}} <!-- Infobox ends -->
'''Novi Sad''' ([[Serbian Cyrillic|Cyrillic]]: Нови Сад, {{IPA2|'nɔviː 'saːd}}, {{Audio|NoviSad.ogg|listen}}; [[Hungarian language|Hungarian]]: Újvidék; [[Slovak language|Slovak]]: Nový Sad; [[Pannonian Rusyn language|Rusyn]]: Нови Сад) is the [[capital city|capital]] of the northern [[Subdivisions of Serbia|Serbian province]] of [[Vojvodina]], and the administrative centre of the [[South Bačka District]].
According to the 2002 Census, Novi Sad is [[Serbia]]'s third-largest town (including [[Kosovo]]), after [[Belgrade]] and [[Priština]], with its 300,000 inhabitants.
<ref name=Popis/><ref>{{cite web|url=http://webrzs.statserb.sr.gov.yu/axd/Zip/OG2006webE.zip|title=Municipalities of Serbia, 2006|publisher=Statistical Office of the Republic of Serbia}}</ref>. In its most recent official census from 2002, the city had an urban population of 216,583, while its municipal population was 299,294. The city is located on the border of the [[Bačka]] and [[Syrmia]] regions, on the banks of the [[Danube]] river and [[Danube-Tisa-Danube Canal]], while facing the northern slopes of [[Fruška Gora]] mountain.
Since it was founded in 1694, Novi Sad became the centre of [[Serbian culture]] and earned its nickname ''Serbian Athens''. Today, Novi Sad is a large industrial and financial centre of the [[Economy of Serbia|Serbian economy]]; and it is also one of the biggest construction sites in the region.<ref>[[Glas javnosti]] article from March 2005; [http://arhiva.glas-javnosti.co.yu/arhiva/2005/03/15/srpski/RG05031401.shtml Stanove više nema ko da kupi] (in Serbian)</ref>
==Name==
The name ''Novi Sad'' means "New Plantation" (noun) in [[Serbian language|Serbian]]. As a meeting place of cultures and peoples, Novi Sad came to have many different names in various languages.
The official names of Novi Sad used by the local administration are:
*[[Serbian language|Serbian]]: Град Нови Сад, ''Grad Novi Sad''
*[[Hungarian language|Hungarian]]: ''Újvidék Város''
*[[Slovak language|Slovak]]: ''Mesto Nový Sad''
*[[Pannonian Rusyn language|Rusyn]]: Город Нови Сад, (transliterated: ''Gorod Novi Sad'')
Other relevant names for the city are:
*[[Croatian language|Croatian]]: ''Novi Sad''
*[[Romanian language|Romanian]]: ''Novi Sad''
*[[German language|German]]: ''Neusatz (an der Donau)''
*[[Latin language|Latin]]: ''Neoplantae''
*[[Banat Bulgarian|Banatian Bulgarian]]: ''Mlada Loza''
In its wider meaning, the name ''Grad Novi Sad'' refers to the "The City, Novi Sad", which is one of the four city-level [[Subdivisions of Serbia|administrative units]] of the [[Republic of Serbia]]. In its narrower meaning, the name ''Novi Sad'' refers to the [[Novi Sad municipality]], one of the two urban municipalities that compose the City of Novi Sad (the other municipality being [[Petrovaradin]]). ''Novi Sad'' could also refer strictly to the urban part of the City of Novi Sad (including "Novi Sad proper", and towns of [[Sremska Kamenica]] and Petrovaradin), as well as only to the historical core of urban Novi Sad, i.e. "Novi Sad proper" (excluding Sremska Kamenica and Petrovaradin).
==History==
{{main|History of Novi Sad}}
[[Image:Citadel Petrovaradin.jpg|thumb|right|250px|View from Novi Sad of [[Petrovaradin fortress]] over the Danube river <small>(August 2005)</small>]]
===Origins===
Human settlement in the territory of present-day Novi Sad has been traced as far back as the [[Stone Age]] (about [[4500 BC]]). This settlement was located on the right side of the river Danube in the territory of present-day [[Petrovaradin]]. This region was conquered by [[Celts]] (in the [[4th century BC]]) and [[Ancient Rome|Romans]] (in the [[1st century BC]]). The Celts founded the first fortress at this location, which was located on the right bank of the Danube. During Roman rule, a larger fortress was built in the 1st century with the name ''Cusum'' and was included into Roman [[Pannonia]]. In the 5th century, Cusum was devastated by the invasion of the [[Huns]].
By the end of the 5th century, [[Byzantine Empire|Byzantines]] had reconstructed the city and called it by the names ''Cusum'' and ''Petrikon''. The city was later conquered by [[Ostrogoths]], [[Gepids]], [[Eurasian Avars|Avars]], [[Franks]], [[Bulgarians]], and again by [[Byzantines]].
The region was conquered by the [[Kingdom of Hungary]] between the 10th and 12th century. The city was first mentioned under the name ''Petrovaradin'' (''Pétervárad'') in documents from 1237. In the same year (1237), several other settlements were mentioned to exist here (on the left bank of the Danube): [[Vašaroš-Varad]] ({{lang-hu|Vásárosvárad}}) also known as [[Varadinci]] ({{lang-hu|Várad}}), [[Mrtvaljoš]] ({{lang-hu|Mortályos}}), [[Sent-Marton]] ({{lang-hu|Kűszentmárton}}), [[Bakša]] ({{lang-hu|Baksafalva}}) also known as [[Bakšić]], [[Gornje Sajlovo|Sajlovo I]] ({{lang-hu|Zajol}}), [[Donje Sajlovo|Sajlovo II]], [[Bivalo]] also known as [[Bivaljoš]] ({{lang-hu|Bivalyos}}), [[Rivica, Novi Sad|Rivica]], and [[Čenej]] ({{lang-hu|Csenei}}). <ref name=Curcin>Branko Ćurčin, Slana Bara nekad i sad, Novi Sad, 2002</ref> Etymology of these names show that most of them are of [[Slavic languages|Slavic]] origin, thus indicating that these settlements were initially inhabited by [[Slavs]].
For example, Bivalo (Bivaljoš) was a large Slavic settlement that dates back to the 5th-6th century.<ref name=Curcin>Branko Ćurčin, Slana Bara nekad i sad, Novi Sad, 2002</ref> Between 1526 and 1687, the region was under [[Ottoman Empire|Ottoman]] rule. Most of these villages also existed during Ottoman rule in the 16th century, and were populated by ethnic Serbs. Two additional Serb villages that existed in the territory of present-day Novi Sad in the 16th and 17th century were [[Bistrica (Novi Sad)|Bistrica]] and [[Kamendin]].
Etymology: Vásárosvárad in Hungarian language means "marketplace at castle" (Várad means "castle"), Baksafalva means "Baksa's village" (Baksa/Bakša was a Hungarian asristocrat family, although the name itself is obviously of Slavic origin - compared to other similar Slavic names like Janša, Nikša, etc; there is also South Slavic surname "Bakšić", meaning "the son of Bakša" [http://www.google.com/search?hl=en&safe=off&q=baksic&btnG=Search]), Bivalyos means "place with buffalos" (the word "bivol / bivalo" as a designation for buffalo is also of Slavic origin [http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/bivol]).
===The foundation of Novi Sad===
At the outset of [[Habsburg]] rule near the end of the 17th century, people of Orthodox faith were forbidden from residing in [[Petrovaradin]], thus Serbs were largely unable to build homes there. Because of this, a new settlement was founded in 1694 on the left bank of the Danube. The initial name of this settlement was Serb City ([[Raci|Ratzen]] Stadt). Another name used for the settlement was Petrovaradinski Šanac. In 1718, the inhabitants of the village of [[Almaš]] were resettled to Petrovaradinski Šanac, where they founded [[Almaški Kraj]] ("the Almaš quarter").
According to 1720 data, the population of Ratzen Stadt was composed of 112 Serbian, 14 German, and 5 Hungarian houses. The settlement officially gained the present name ''Novi Sad'' (''Neoplanta'' in [[Latin]]) in 1748 when it became a "free royal city".
The edict that made Novi Sad a "free royal city" was proclaimed on [[February 1]], [[1748]]. The edict reads:
{{Quote_box|
|align=left
|quote="We, [[Maria Theresa of Austria|Maria Theresa]],
by the God's mercy [[Holy Roman Empress]],
the Queen of [[Kingdom of Hungary|Hungary]], [[Bohemia]], [[Moravia]], [[Dalmatia]], [[Croatia]], [[Slavonia]], [[Prozor-Rama|Rama]], [[Serbia]], [[Galicia (Central Europe)|Galicia]], [[Lodomeria]], [[Duchy of Carinthia|Carinthia]], etc, etc.
Cast this proclamation to anyone, whom it might concern...so that the renowned Petrovaradinski Šanac, which lies on the other side of the Danube in the [[Bačka]] province on the [[Sajlovo]] land, by the might of our divine royal power and prestige...make this town a [[Free Royal City]] and to fortify, accept and acknowledge it as one of the free royal cities of our [[Kingdom of Hungary]] and other territories, by abolishing its previous name of Petrovaradinski Šanac, renaming it Neoplantae ([[Latin language|Latin]]), Új-Vidégh ([[Hungarian language|Hungarian]]), Neusatz ([[German language|German]]), and Novi Sad ([[Serbian language|Serbian]])."
|source= ''Maria Theresa giving city rights to Novi Sad in 1748''
|}}
<br clear="left">
[[Image:Ratzen Stadt01.jpg|thumb|200px|right|Map of Novi Sad ([[Raci|Ratzen]] Stadt) from 1745]]
For much of the 18th and 19th centuries, Novi Sad was the largest city in the world populated by ethnic Serbs. The reformer of the Serbian language, [[Vuk Stefanović Karadžić]], wrote in 1817 that Novi Sad is the "largest Serb municipality in the world". It was a cultural and political centre of Serbs, who did not have their own national state at the time. Because of its cultural and political influence, Novi Sad became known as the Serbian [[Athens]] (''Srpska Atina'' in Serbian). According to 1843 data, Novi Sad had 17,332 inhabitants, of whom 9,675 were [[Orthodox Christians]], 5,724 [[Catholics]], 1,032 [[Protestants]], 727 [[Jews]], and 30 adherents of the [[Armenian church]]. The largest ethnic group in the city were Serbs, and the second largest were [[Germans]].
During the [[Revolutions of 1848|Revolution of 1848-1849]], Novi Sad was part of [[Serbian Vojvodina]], a Serbian autonomous region within the [[Habsburg Empire]]. In 1849, the Hungarian army located on the [[Petrovaradin fortress]] bombarded and devastated the city, which lost much of its population. According to an 1850 census there were only 7,182 citizens in the city compared with 17,332 in 1843. Between 1849 and 1860, the city was part of a separate Austrian crownland known as the [[Vojvodina of Serbia and Tamiš Banat]]. After the abolishment of this province, the city was included into [[Bács-Bodrog|Bačka-Bodrog]] County.
After 1867, Novi Sad was located within the [[Kingdom of Hungary|Hungarian]] part of [[Austria-Hungary]]. During this time, the [[Magyarization]] policy of the Hungarian government drastically altered the demographic structure of the city, i.e. from the predominantly [[Serbs|Serbian]], the population of the city became ethnically mixed.{{Fact|date=June 2008}}
===After the First World War===
[[Image:Novi Sad 1920.jpg|right|250px|thumb|Novi Sad in [[1920]]]]
On [[November 25]], 1918, the Assembly of [[Serbs]], [[Bunjevci]], and other nations of [[Vojvodina]] in Novi Sad proclaimed the union of Vojvodina region with the [[Kingdom of Serbia]]. Since [[December 1]], 1918, Novi Sad is part of the [[Kingdom of Serbs, Croats, and Slovenes]]; and in 1929, Novi Sad became the capital of the [[Danube Banovina]], a province of the [[Kingdom of Yugoslavia]].
In 1941, the [[Kingdom of Yugoslavia]] was invaded and partitioned by the [[Axis Powers]], and its northern parts, including Novi Sad, were annexed by [[Hungary]]. During [[World War II]], about 5,000 citizens were murdered and many others were resettled. In three days of [[1942 raid in Novi Sad|Novi Sad raid]] ([[January 21]] — [[January 23]] 1942) alone, Hungarian police killed 1,246 citizens, among them more than 800 Jews, and threw their corpses into the icy waters of the Danube, while the total death toll of the raid was around 2,500.<ref name=Cesarani>{{cite book|title=Genocide and Rescue: The Holocaust in Hungary 1944|author=David Cesarani|url=http://books.google.com/books?hl=en&lr=&id=HrK8B0VpFBkC&oi=fnd&pg=PR7|page=13|publisher=Berg Publishers|isbn=1859731260|year=1997}}</ref><ref name=Sajti>{{cite journal|title=The Former 'Southlands' in Serbia: 1918- 1947|author=Enikő A. Sajti|url=http://www.hungarianquarterly.com/no181/9.html|volume=XLVII|number=181|date=Spring 2006|journal=The Hugnarian Quarterly}}</ref> Citizens of all nationalities - Serbs, Hungarians, Slovaks, and others - fought together against the Axis authorities.<ref name=Sajti/> In 1975 the whole city was awarded a titile [[People's Hero of Yugoslavia]].
The communist [[Partisans (Yugoslavia)|partisans]] from [[Syrmia]] and [[Bačka]] entered the city on [[October 23]], [[1944]] under the leadership of Todor Gavrilovics Rilc. [[1944-1945 Killings in Bačka|committing atrocities]] against Hungarian and German citizens who were accused for collaboration with Hungarian fascists. Executions started on 25th October. A drunken partisan officer read off 300 names. In a short time only the rattle of the machine pistols sounded. Farewell cries of the executed Hungarians were suppressed by the racing of the lorries' engine. The Hungarian captives got some water and bread only on the fifth day. During the first week about 1500 Hungarians were shot down into the Danube: One part of the corpses was either burnt or put into common graves in several rows.
Novi Sad became part of the new socialist Yugoslavia. Since 1945, Novi Sad has been the capital of [[Socialist Autonomous Province of Vojvodina|Vojvodina]], a province of the [[Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia]] and [[Socialist Republic of Serbia|Serbia]]. The city went through rapid industrialization and its population more than doubled in the period between World War II and the breakup of Yugoslavia. After 1992, Novi Sad was part of the [[Federal Republic of Yugoslavia]], which, in 2003, was transformed into the State Union of [[Serbia and Montenegro]]. Since 2006, Novi Sad is part of an independent Serbia.
Devastated by [[1999 NATO bombing in Yugoslavia|NATO bombardment]], during the [[Kosovo War]] of 1999, Novi Sad was left without all of its three Danube bridges, communications, water, and electricity. Residential areas were cluster bombed several times while its [[oil refinery]] was bombarded daily, causing severe [[pollution]] and widespread [[Ecology|ecological]] damage (''See: [[1999 NATO bombing in Novi Sad]]'').<br clear="all">
==Geography==
[[Image:NoviSad Sat.png|thumb|300px|right|Satellite image showing urban and metro area of Novi Sad]]
Novi Sad is located in the northern Serbian province of [[Vojvodina]], with land area of 699 km², <ref>Data from [http://webrzs.statserb.sr.gov.yu/axd/okruzi.htm Serbian Statistical Office]</ref> while on the city's official site, land area is 702 km²; <ref name="GeoNS">[http://www.gradnovisad.org.yu/cnt/index.php?id_node=119 Geographical location of Novi Sad]</ref> and the urban area is 129.7 km². <ref name="GeoNS">[http://www.gradnovisad.org.yu/cnt/index.php?id_node=119 Geographical location of Novi Sad]</ref> The city lies on the river Danube and one small section of the [[Danube-Tisa-Danube Canal]].
Novi Sad's landscape is divided into two parts, one is situated in the [[Bačka]] region and another in the [[Syrmia]] region. The river Danube is a natural border between them. Bačka's side of the city lies on one of the southern lowest parts of [[Pannonian Plain]], while [[Fruška Gora]]'s side (Syrmia) is a [[Horst (geology)|horst]] mountain. [[Alluvial plain]]s along Danube are well formed, especially on the left bank, in some parts 10 km from the river. A large part of Novi Sad lies on [[terrace deposit]] with an [[elevation]] of 80-83 m. The northern part of Fruška Gora is composed of massive [[landslide]] zones, but they are not active, except in the [[Ribnjak, Novi Sad|Ribnjak]] neighborhood (between [[Sremska Kamenica]] and [[Petrovaradin fortress]]). <ref name="UrbNS">Завод за урбанизам: "Еколошки Атлас Новог Сада" ("Ecological Atlas of Novi Sad"), page 14-15, 1994</ref>
====Climate====
Novi Sad has a moderate [[continental climate]], with four seasons. Autumn is longer than spring, with long sunny and warm periods. Winter is not so severe, with an average of 22 days of sub-zero temperature. January is the coldest month, with an average temperature of -1.9 °C. Spring is usually short and rainy, while summer arrives abruptly. The coldest temperature ever recorded in Novi Sad was -30.7°C (-19.3°F) on [[January 24]], [[1963]]; and the hottest temperature ever recorded was 41.6°C (110.8°F) on [[July 24]], [[2007]].<ref>[http://www.gradnovisad.org.yu/cnt/index.php?id_node=337 Climate in Novi Sad]</ref>
The southeast-east wind [[Košava (wind)|Košava]], which blows from the [[Carpathian Mountains|Carpathians]] and brings clear and dry weather, is characteristic of the local climate. It mostly blows in autumn and winter, in 2-3 days intervals. The average speed of Košava is 25-43 km per hour but certain strokes can reach up to 130 km/h. In winter time, followed by a snow storm, it can cause snowdrifts. Also it can cause temperatures to drop to around -30°C.
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:right"
! style="background: #FFFFFF; color: #000000" height="17" | Month
! style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" | Jan
! style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" | Feb
! style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" | Mar
! style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" | Apr
! style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" | May
! style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" | Jun
! style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" | Jul
! style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" | Aug
! style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" | Sep
! style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" | Oct
! style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" | Nov
! style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" | Dec
! style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" | Year
|-
! style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" | Avg high °C (°F)
| style="background: #FFFFCC; color:#000000;" | 2.5<br>(36)
| style="background: #FFFFCC; color:#000000;" | 5.7<br>(46)
| style="background: #FFFF99; color:#000000;" | 11.5<br>(57)
| style="background: #FFCC66; color:#000000;" | 17.2<br>(67)
| style="background: #FFA500; color:#000000;" | 22.5<br>(76)
| style="background: #FF8C00; color:#000000;" | 25.2<br>(81)
| style="background: #FF8C00; color:#000000;" | 27.2<br>(85)
| style="background: #FF8C00; color:#000000;" | 27.2<br>(85)
| style="background: #FFA500; color:#000000;" | 23.7<br>(77)
| style="background: #FFCC66; color:#000000;" | 18<br>(68)
| style="background: #FFFF99; color:#000000;" | 10.3<br>(54)
| style="background: #FFFFCC; color:#000000;" | 4.5<br>(44)
| style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" | <center>'''16.3'''<br>('''65''')</center>
|-
! style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" height="16;" | Avg low temperature °C (°F)
| style="background: #FFFFFF; color: black;" | -4.4<br>(29)
| style="background: #FFFFFF; color: black;" | -2.3<br>(32)
| style="background: #FFFFCC; color: black;" | 1.2<br>(38)
| style="background: #FFFFCC; color: black;" | 5.8<br>(46)
| style="background: #FFFF99; color: black;" | 10.6<br>(55)
| style="background: #FFCC66; color: black;" | 13.6<br>(60)
| style="background: #FFCC66; color: black;" | 14.7<br>(62)
| style="background: #FFCC66; color: black;" | 14.2<br>(62)
| style="background: #FFFF99; color: black;" | 11.2<br>(56)
| style="background: #FFFFCC; color: black;" | 6.3<br>(47)
| style="background: #FFFFCC; color: black;" | 2.2<br>(40)
| style="background: #ffffff; color: black;" | -1.9<br>(33)
| style="background: #ffffff; color: black;" | <center>'''5.9'''<br>('''47''')</center>
|-
! style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" | Rainfall mm (in.)
| style="background: #B0E0E6;" | 38<br>(1.5)
| style="background: #B0E0E6;" | 35<br>(1.4)
| style="background: #87CEEB;" | 41<br>(1.6)
| style="background: #87CEEB;" | 47<br>(1.8)
| style="background: #6495ED;" | 57<br>(2.2)
| style="background: #4169E1;" | 82<br>(3.2)
| style="background: #6495ED;" | 61<br>(2.4)
| style="background: #6495ED;" | 55<br>(2.2)
| style="background: #B0E0E6;" | 36<br>(1.4)
| style="background: #B0E0E6;" | 35<br>(1.4)
| style="background: #87CEEB;" | 46<br>(1.8)
| style="background: #87CEEB;" | 44<br>(1.7)
| style="background: #FFFFFF;" | <center>'''577'''<br>('''22.7''')</center>
|-
| colspan="14" style="text-align:center;font-size:90%;"|''Source: [http://www.hidmet.sr.gov.yu/ciril/meteorologija/stanica_sr.php?moss_id=168 Republic Hydrometeorological Service of Serbia]''
|}
==Cityscape==
{{Novi Sad Labelled Map}}
Urban area of Novi Sad has a population of 216,583 and is generally divided into three parts: "Novi Sad proper" (with population of 191,405), situated on the left bank of the Danube, and [[Petrovaradin]] (with population of 13,973) and [[Sremska Kamenica]] (with population of 11,205), on the right bank of the Danube. The metropolitan area of Novi Sad also comprises [[Futog]], [[Veternik]], [[Bukovac]] and [[Ledinci]] and has a population of 259,017. There are also several other settlements in the municipalities, but these settlements are not connected to the urban part of the city.
Novi Sad is a typical [[Central Europe]]an town. There are only few buildings dating before 19th century, because city was almost totally destroyed during [[revolutions of 1848 in the Habsburg areas|1848/1849 revolution]], so the architecture from 19th century dominates the [[Stari Grad, Novi Sad|city centre]]. Around the center, old small houses used to dominate the cityscape, but they are being replaced by modern multi-story buildings.
During the socialist period, new blocks with wide streets and multi-story buildings were built around the city core. However, not many [[plattenbau|communist-style]] [[high-rise]] buildings were built, and the total number of 10+ floor buildings remained at 40-50, most of the rest being 3-6 floor [[apartment buildings]]. City's new [[boulevard]] (today's ''Bulevar oslobođenja'') was cut through the old housings in 1962-1964, establishing major communication lines. Several more boulevards were subsequently built in a similar manner, creating an [[orthogonal]] network over what used to be mostly radial structure of the old town. Those interventions paved the way for a relatively unhampered growth of the city, which almost tripled its population since 1950s, and [[traffic congestion]]s (except on a few critical points) are still relatively mild despite the huge boost of car numbers, especially in later years.
{{seealso|Famous buildings in Novi Sad|Religious architecture in Novi Sad}}
====Neighborhoods====
[[Image:Novi sad quarters.png|thumb|right|180px|Map of the urban area of Novi Sad with city quarters (click to enlarge)]]
{{main|Neighborhoods of Novi Sad}}
Some of the oldest neighborhoods in the city are [[Stari Grad, Novi Sad|Stari Grad]] (Old Town), [[Rotkvarija]], [[Podbara]] and [[Salajka]] which merged in 1694, in the time when the city was formed. Sremska Kamenica and Petrovaradin, on the right bank of the Danube, were separate towns in the past, but today are parts of the urban area of Novi Sad. [[Liman, Novi Sad|Liman]] (divided into four parts, numbered I-IV), as well as [[Novo Naselje, Novi Sad|Novo Naselje]] are neighborhoods built during 1960s, 1970s and 1980s with modern buildings and wide boulevards.
New neighborhoods, like [[Liman, Novi Sad|Liman]], [[Detelinara]], and [[Novo Naselje, Novi Sad|Novo Naselje]], with modern high residential buildings emerged from fields and forests surrounding the city to house the huge influx of people from the countryside following the World War II. Many old houses in the city centre, [[Rotkvarija]] and [[Bulevar]] neighborhoods were torn down in the 1950s and 1960s to be replaced with multi-story buildings, as the city experienced a major construction boom during the last 10 years; some neighborhoods, like [[Grbavica (Novi Sad)|Grbavica]] have completely changed their face.
Neighborhoods with newer individual housing are mostly located away from the city center; [[Telep]] in the southwest is the oldest such quarter, while [[Klisa]] on the north, as well as [[Adice]], [[Veternička Rampa]] and [[Veternik]] on the west significantly expanded during last 15 years, partly due to an influx of Serb refugees during the [[Yugoslav wars]].
====Suburbs====
[[Image:City of Novi Sad 1.PNG|200px|thumb|right|Map of Novi Sad City with the surrounding settlements (click to enlarge) {{legend|#ABCDEF|Novi Sad urban municipality}}{{legend|#DDFFDD|Petrovaradin urban municipality}}{{legend|#5874a8|Urban area of Novi Sad}}]]
Besides urban part of the city (which include "Novi Sad proper", [[Petrovaradin]] and [[Sremska Kamenica]]), there are 12 more settlements and 1 town in Novi Sad's municipal area. 23.7% of total City's population live in suburbs, the largest being [[Futog]] (18,582), and [[Veternik]] (18,626), which are over the years, especially in the 1990s grown and physically merged to the city.
Most isolated and the least populated village in the suburb is [[Stari Ledinci]] (823). [[Ledinci]], Stari Ledinci, and [[Bukovac]] are located on [[Fruška Gora]] slopes and the last two have only one paved road, which connect them to other places. Besides the urban area of Novi Sad, the suburb of Futog is also officially classified as "''urban settlement''" (a town), while other suburbs are mostly "''rural''" (villages).
{| border="1" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse"
|- bgcolor="lightgrey" align=left
|No.
|Name
|Population <br><small>([[census]] 2002)</small>
|No.
|Name
|Population <br><small>(census [[2002]])</small>
|---- bgcolor=#ABCDEF
|I
|[[Begeč]]
|align="right"|3,335
|II
|[[Futog]]
|align="right"|18,582
|---- bgcolor=#ABCDEF
|III
|[[Veternik]]
|align="right"|18,626
|IV
|[[Rumenka]]
|align="right"|5,729
|---- bgcolor=#ABCDEF
|V
|[[Kisač]]
|align="right"|5,471
|VI
|[[Stepanovićevo]]
|align="right"|2,214
|---- bgcolor=#ABCDEF
|VII
|[[Čenej]]
|align="right"|2,115
|VIII
|[[Kać]]
|align="right"|11,166
|---- bgcolor=#ABCDEF
|IX
|[[Budisava]]
|align="right"|3,825
|X
|[[Kovilj]]
|align="right"|5,599
|---- bgcolor=#DDFFDD
|XI
|[[Bukovac]]
|align="right"|3,585
|XII
|[[Stari Ledinci]]
|align="right"|823
|---- bgcolor=#DDFFDD
|XIII
|[[Ledinci]]
|align="right"|1,641
|colspan=3 bgcolor=white|
|}
Some towns and villages in separate municipalities of [[Sremski Karlovci]], [[Temerin]] and [[Beočin]] which border City of Novi Sad, share the same public transportation and are also economically connected to Novi Sad.
==Politics==
{{main|Politics of Novi Sad}}
[[Image:NoviSadCityHall.jpg|thumb|left|250px|City Hall - Office of the mayor <small>(in winter 2005)</small>]]
Novi Sad is the capital of [[Subdivisions of Serbia|Autonomous Province]] of [[Vojvodina]], and as such, is home to Vojvodina's [[Government of Vojvodina|government]] and [[Parliament of Vojvodina|parliament]].
The city's administration bodies consist of city [[Deliberative assembly|assembly]] as representative body, [[mayor]] and [[city government]] as executive body. Members of the city assembly and mayor are elected at direct elections. City assembly has 78 seats, while city government has 11 members. The mayor and members of city's assembly are elected to four-year terms; and city government is elected on mayor’s proposal by the city assembly by majority of votes.
As of 2008 election, mayor of Novi Sad is [[Igor Pavličić]] ([[Democratic Party (Serbia)|Democratic Party]]); while in the city assembly majority have [[Democratic Party (Serbia)|Democratic Party]], [[G17+]], [[Together for Vojvodina]] and [[Hungarian Coalition]].
Since [[2002]], when the new statute of Novi Sad came into effect, City of Novi Sad is divided into 46 [[Local communities of Novi Sad|local communities]] within two urban municipalities, [[Novi Sad municipality|Novi Sad]] and [[Petrovaradin]], whose borders are defined by geographic boundaries (Danube river).
====Twin cities====
Novi Sad has good relationships with many [[Town twinning|twin]] cities. One of the main streets in its [[Stari Grad, Novi Sad|city centre]] is named after [[Modena]] in [[Italy]]; and likewise Modena has named a park in its town centre Parco di Piazza d'Armi Novi Sad. The [[Novi Sad Friendship Bridge]] in [[Norwich]], [[United Kingdom]], by [[Buro Happold]], was also named in honour of Novi Sad. Besides twin cities, Novi Sad has many signed agreements on joint cooperation with many European cities (''see also: [[Politics of Novi Sad#Twin cities|Twin cities of Novi Sad]]''). [[As of 2006]], Novi Sad's twin cities are:
{{Multicol}}
* {{flagicon|Montenegro}} [[Budva]], [[Montenegro]]
* {{flagicon|China}} [[Changchun]], [[People's Republic of China|PR China]]
* {{flagicon|Germany}} [[Dortmund]], [[Germany]]
{{Multicol-break}}
* {{flagicon|Greece}} [[Helioupolis]], [[Greece]]
* {{flagicon|Italy}} [[Modena]], [[Italy]]
* {{flagicon|Ukraine}} [[Lviv]], [[Ukraine]]
{{Multicol-break}}
* {{flagicon|Russia}} [[Nizhny Novgorod]], [[Russia]]
* {{flagicon|UK}} [[Norwich]], [[United Kingdom]]
* {{flagicon|Romania}} [[Timişoara]], [[Romania]]
{{Multicol-end}}
==Demographics==
{{seealso|Demographic history of Novi Sad}}
{| id="toc" style="float: right; margin-left: 5em; width: 30%; font-size: 75%;" cellspacing="3"
!colspan="3"|'''Demographics of Novi Sad'''
|-
|'''2002 census'''||'''municipal area'''||'''Novi Sad proper'''
|-
|Total population||299,294||191,405
|-
|[[Serbs]]||75.5%||73.91%
|-
|[[Hungarians]]||5.24%||6.03%
|-
|[[Yugoslavs]]||3.17%||3.69%
|-
|[[Slovaks]]||2.41%||n/a
|-
|[[Croats]]||2.09%||1.84%
|-
|[[Montenegrins]]||1.68%||2.23%
|-
|Others||9.91%||12.31%
|}
Novi Sad is the largest city in [[Vojvodina]], and second largest in [[Serbia]] (after [[Belgrade]]). Since its founding, the population of the city has been constantly increasing. According to the 1991 census, 56.2% of the people who came to Novi Sad from 1961 to 1991 were from other parts of Vojvodina, while 15.3% came from [[Bosnia and Herzegovina]] and 11.7% from [[Central Serbia]].
According to the last official census from 2002, the city's urban population was 216,583 and 299,294 with the surrounding inhabited places of the municipalities included. According to estimation from the end of 2004, there were 306,853 inhabitants in the city municipal area (estimation published on [[December 31]], [[2004]] by statistical office of Serbia). From city's registry estimation in April 2005, population of the urban area of Novi Sad was 255,071, and the population of municipal area was at 333,895.<ref name=informatika>Information from city's police registry, taken from [http://www.gradnovisad.org.yu/cnt/index.php?id_node=123 official city website]</ref> The city has an urban population density of 1,673.7/km² (4,340.3/sq mi) - census 2002.
Most of the inhabited places in the municipalities have an ethnic Serb majority, while the village of [[Kisač]] has an ethnic Slovak majority.
==Economy==
[[Image:NISbuildingNS.jpg|thumb|right|200px|[[NIS building]] – headquarters of [[Petroleum Industry of Serbia]]]]
Novi Sad is the economic centre of [[Vojvodina]], the most fertile agricultural region in [[Serbia]]. The city also is one of the largest economic and cultural centres in Serbia and former [[SFR Yugoslavia|Yugoslavia]].
In the 1990s, the city (like the rest of Serbia) was severely affected by an internationally imposed trade embargo and hyperinflation of the [[Yugoslav dinar]]. The embargo and economic mismanagement lead to a decay or demise of once big industrial combines, such as ''Novkabel'' (electric cable industry), ''Pobeda'' (metal industry), ''Jugoalat'' (tools), ''Albus'' and ''HINS'' (chemical industry). Practically the only viable remaining large facility is the [[Oil Refinery Novi Sad|oil refinery]], located northeast of the town (along with the [[thermal power plant]]), near the settlement of [[Šangaj]].
The economy of Novi Sad has mostly recovered from that period and it has grown strongly since 2001, shifting from industry-driven economy to the [[tertiary sector]]. The processes of [[privatization]] of state and society-owned enterprises, as well as strong private incentive, increased the share of privately-owned companies to over 95% in the district, and small and medium-size enterprises dominated the city's economic development.<ref name="pkns2">[http://www.rpkns.com/eng/oregionu.php?opstine=7 Regional Chamber of Commerce Novi Sad, Basic data]</ref>
The significance of Novi Sad as a financial center is proven by numerous banks such as [[Vojvođanska Bank]], [[Erste Bank Novi Sad|Erste Bank]], [[Kulska Bank]], [[Meridian Bank]], [[Metals Bank]], [[NLB Continental Bank]] and [[Panonska Bank]];<ref>[[National Bank of Serbia]] - [http://www.nbs.yu/english/banks/index.htm List of Banks] operating in Serbia</ref> and second largest insurance company in Serbia - [[DDOR Novi Sad]]. The city is also home to the state-owned oil company - [[Naftna Industrija Srbije]]. It is also the seat of the [[wheat]] [[commodity markets|market]].
At the end of 2005, Statistical office of Serbia published a list of most developed municipalities in Serbia, placing City of Novi Sad at No.7 by [[national income]], behind some Belgrade municipalities and [[Bečej]], with 201.1% above Serbia's average. <ref>[http://webrzs.statserb.sr.gov.yu/axd/en/Zip/OG2006webE.zip Municipalities of Serbia for 2005] [[ISSN]]-1452-4856</ref> In March 2007, the average [[Gross income|gross salary]] in Novi Sad amounted to 42,476 [[Serbian dinar]]s (approximately 525 [[euro]]s or 715 [[United States dollar|US dollars]]) one of the highest in Serbia. The average [[Net pay|net salary]] was 30,352 Serbian dinars (approximately € 375 or [[US dollar|US $]] 510 ).<ref>[http://webrzs.statserb.sr.gov.yu/axd/dokumenti/zp14032007.pdf Statistical office of Serbia, Salaries in Serbia for March 2007]</ref> The region contributes to about 11% of the total national [[Gross domestic product|GDP]], and its national income per capita is 60% over the national average.<ref name="pkns2"/>
==Society and culture==
[[Image:Matica.jpg|thumb|left|[[Matica Srpska]], most prominent cultural institution in the City and of the whole [[Serbian culture]]]]
In the 19th century, the city was the capital of [[Serbian culture]], earning the nickname '''Serbian Athens'''. In that time, almost every Serbian novelist, poet, jurist, and publicist at the end of 19th century and at the beginning of 20th century had lived or worked in Novi Sad some time of his career. Among others, these cultural workers include [[Vuk Stefanović Karadžić]], [[Mika Antić]], [[Đura Jakšić]], etc. [[Matica Srpska]], the oldest cultural-scientific institution of Serbia, was moved from [[Budapest]] to Novi Sad in 1864, while [[Serbian National Theatre]], the oldest professional theatre among the [[South Slavs]], was founded in Novi Sad in 1861.
Today, Novi Sad is the second cultural centre in [[Serbia]] (besides [[Belgrade]]) and city's officials try to make the city more attractive to numerous cultural events and music concerts. Since [[2000]], Novi Sad is home to the [[EXIT (festival)|EXIT festival]], the biggest music summer festival in Serbia and the region; and also the only festival of alternative and new theatre in Serbia - [[INFANT]], most prominent festival of children literature - [[Zmaj Children Games]], [[Sterijino pozorje]], [[Novi Sad Jazz Festival]], and many others. <ref>[http://www.novisadtourism.org.yu/FMCultural.aspx?id=7&jez=2&selection=5&podselection=0 Cultural events calendar]</ref> Besides [[Serbian National Theatre]], the most prominent theatres are also [[Youth Theatre]], [[Cultural centre of Novi Sad]], and [[Novi Sad Theatre]]. [[Novi Sad Synagogue]] also houses many cultural events in the City. Other city's cultural institutions include [[Offset of the Serbian Academy of Science and Art, Novi Sad|Offset of the Serbian Academy of Science and Art]], [[Library of Matica Srpska]], [[Novi Sad City Library]], [[Archive of Novi Sad]] and [[Azbukum]]. City is also home to cultural institutions of Vojvodina: [[Vojvodinian Academy of Science and Art]] and [[Archive of Vojvodina]], which collect many documents from [[Vojvodina]] dating from 1565.
<!-- Commented out because image was deleted: [[Image:SNP.jpg|thumb|220px|right|[[Serbian National Theatre]]]] -->
====Museums and galleries====
City has a couple of museums, and many galleries, public and privately owned through Novi Sad. The most well known museum in the city is [[Museum of Vojvodina]], founded by [[Matica Srpska]] in 1847, which houses a permanent collection of [[Serbian culture]] and a life in [[Vojvodina]] through history. [[Museum of Novi Sad]] in [[Petrovaradin fortress]] has a permanent collection of history of fortress.
[[Gallery of Matica Srpska]] is the biggest and most respected gallery in the city, which has two galleries in the city centre. There is also [[The Gallery of Fine Arts - Gift Collection of Rajko Mamuzić]] and [[The Pavle Beljanski Memorial Collection]] - one of the biggest collections of Serbian art from 1900s until 1970s.
====Education====
[[Image:Jovina gimnazija02.jpg|thumb|220px|[[Gymnasium Jovan Jovanović Zmaj]], the oldest school in Novi Sad. Established in 1810.]]
{{main|Education in Novi Sad}}
Novi Sad is one of Serbian most important centers of higher education and research, with four universities and numerous professional, technical, and private colleges and research institutes, including a law school with its own [[Pravnik|publication]].
Novi Sad is home to two universities and four private faculties.<ref>[http://www.mps.sr.gov.yu/code/navigate.php?Id=408 Ministry of education, list of private universities and faculties]</ref> Largest educational institution in the city is [[University of Novi Sad]] with approximately 38,000 students and 2,700 in staff. It was established in 1960 with 9 faculties in Novi Sad in modern [[University campus in Novi Sad|university campus]]. There are also [[Novi Sad Open University]] and [[Novi Sad Theological College]] in the city.
In Novi Sad there are 36 elementary schools (33 regular and 3 special) with 26,000 pupils.<ref>[http://www.gradnovisad.org.yu/cnt/index.php?id_node=154 List of elementary schools in Novi Sad]</ref><ref name=stat>[http://webrzs.statserb.sr.gov.yu/axd/pok.php?god=2005 Serbian statistical office]</ref> The secondary school system consists of 11 vocational schools and 4 [[Gymnasium (school)|gymnasiums]] with almost 18,000 students.<ref>[http://www.gradnovisad.org.yu/cnt/index.php?id_node=154 List of secondary schools]</ref><ref name=stat>[http://webrzs.statserb.sr.gov.yu/axd/pok.php?god=2005 Serbian statistical office]</ref>
====Media====
Novi Sad has two major daily newspapers, ''[[Dnevnik (Novi Sad)|Dnevnik]]'' and ''[[Građanski list]]'', both in Serbian. Until [[2006]], ''[[Magyar Szó]]'', a newspaper in Hungarian, had its headquarters in Novi Sad, but it was moved to [[Subotica]]. The city is home to the main headquarters of the regional public broadcaster [[Radio Television of Vojvodina]] - RTV and city's public broadcaster [http://www.apolo.co.yu/ Apolo], as well as a few commercial TV stations, [http://www.k9.co.yu/ Kanal 9], [http://www.panonija.tv/ Panonija] and [http://www.rtvmost.co.yu/ Most]. Novi Sad has many local commercial radio stations, dominant being [http://www.radio021.info/ Radio 021] and [http://www.radioas.co.yu/html/index.php Radio As].
====Tourism====
[[Image:EXIT 2006.jpg|thumb|250px|left|''Dance arena'' in July [[2006]], one of the most popular stages on [[EXIT (festival)|EXIT]] music festival]]
The number of tourists started to increase since the year 2000, when Serbia started to open to [[Western Europe]] and the [[United States]]. Every year, in the beginning of July, during the annual [[EXIT (festival)|EXIT music festival]], the city is full of young people from all around Europe. In 2005, 150,000 people visited this festival, which put Novi Sad on the map of summer festivals in Europe.<ref>[http://eng.exitfest.org/index.php?option=com_content&task=blogcategory&id=17&Itemid=99 History of EXIT festival]</ref> Besides EXIT festival, [[Novi Sad Fair]] attract many business people into the city; in May, the city is home to the biggest [[agricultural show]] in the region, which 600,000 people visited in 2005.<ref>[http://www.nsfair.com/live/Kalendar_sajmova/2006/Medjunarodni_poljoprivredni_sajam/Vesti?contentId=1873 About agricultural fair in 2006 (in Serbian)]</ref> There is also a tourist port near [[Varadin Bridge]] in the city centre welcoming various river cruise vessels from across Europe who cruise on Danube river.
The most recognized structure in Novi Sad is [[Petrovaradin fortress]], which dominates the city and with scenic views of the city. Besides the fortress, there is also historic neighborhood of [[Stari Grad, Novi Sad|Stari Grad]], with many monuments, museums, caffes, restaurants and shops. There is also a [[Fruška Gora|National Park of Fruška Gora]] nearby, approx. 20 km from city centre.
====Sport====
[[Image:Spens.jpg|301px|thumb|right|[[Spens Sports Center]], built in 1981]]
Sports started to develop in 1790 with the foundation of ''"City [[Marksmen]] Association"''. However, its serious development started after the establishment of the ''Municipal Association of Physical Culture'' in 1959 and after 1981, when [[Spens Sports Center]] was built. Today, about 220 sports organizations are active in Novi Sad.<ref name="sport">[http://www.gradnovisad.org.yu/cnt/index.php?id_node=384 Sport in Novi Sad, City official site]</ref> Novi Sad is the second best developed sports city in Serbia (after Belgrade).
The most popular sport in the city is definitely [[Football (soccer)|football]]. There are many [[football pitch]]es in Novi Sad's neighborhoods, as well as in every town and village in the suburbs. Besides [[FK Vojvodina]], which is in the first league, there are many smaller clubs in the national second and third league. Most well known are: [[FK Novi Sad]], [[FK Kabel]], [[FK Mladost (Novi Sad)|FK Mladost]], [[FK Slavija Novi Sad]], etc.
Citizens of Novi Sad participated in the first [[1896 Summer Olympics|Olympic Games]] in [[Athens]]. The largest number of sportsmen from Novi Sad participated in the [[Yugoslavia at the 1996 Summer Olympics|Atlanta Olympic Games]] – 11, and they won 6 medals, while in [[Yugoslavia at the 1980 Summer Olympics|Moscow]] – 3, and in [[Yugoslavia at the 1976 Summer Olympics|Montreal]] and [[Yugoslavia at the 1956 Summer Olympics|Melbourne]] – 2.<ref name="sport">[http://www.gradnovisad.org.yu/cnt/index.php?id_node=384 Sport in Novi Sad, City official site]</ref>
Novi Sad was the host of the European and World Championships in [[table tennis]] in 1981, [[Chess Olympiad|29th Chess Olympiad]] in 1990, European and World Championships in [[Sambo (martial art)|sambo]], Balkan and European Championships in [[judo]], final match in the Cup of European [[Basketball]] Champions and final tournament of the European Cup in [[volleyball]]. Apart from that Novi Sad is the host of the World League in volleyball and traditional sport events such as Novi Sad marathon, international swimming rally and many other events. Between the 16th and 20th September 2005, Novi Sad co-hosted the [[Eurobasket 2005|2005 European Basketball Championship]].
{| class="wikitable"
! style="background: #BBDDFF; color:#000080;" |Club
! style="background: #BBDDFF; color:#000080;" |Sport
! style="background: #BBDDFF; color:#000080;" |Founded
! style="background: #BBDDFF; color:#000080;" |League
! style="background: #BBDDFF; color:#000080;" |Venue
|-
|[[FK Vojvodina]]
|[[Football (soccer)|Football]]
|[[1914]]
|[[Meridian Superliga]]
|[[Karađorđe Stadium]]
|-
|[[KK Vojvodina]]
|[[Basketball]]
|/
|[[Sinalco Superleague]]
|[[Spens Sports Center]]
|-
|[[KK Novi Sad]]
|Basketball
|[[1985]]
|Sinalco Superleague
|Spens Sports Center
|-
|[[OK Vojvodina]]
|[[Volleyball]]
|[[1946]]
|/
| Spens Sports Center
|}
====Recreation & leisure====
Apart from the culture of attending sports events, people from Novi Sad participate in a wide range of recreational and leisure activities. [[Football (soccer)|Football]] and [[basketball]] are the most popular participation team sports in Novi Sad. Cycling is also a very popular in Novi Sad. Novi Sad's flat terrain and extensive off-road paths in the mountainous part of town, in [[Fruška Gora]] is conducive to riding. Hundreds of commuters cycle the roads, [[Segregated cycle facilities|bike lanes and bike paths]] daily.
[[Image:Jezero01.jpg|thumb|right|250px|[[Lake of Ledinci]] on [[Fruška Gora]], popular summer retreat]]
Close proximity to the [[Fruška Gora|Fruška Gora National Park]] attract many people from the city on weekends in many hiking trails, restaurants and monasteries on the mountain. In the first weekend of May, there is a "''Fruška Gora Marathon''", with many hiking trails for hikers, runners and cyclists.<ref>[http://www.psdzeleznicarns.org.yu/frmaraton/fruskogorski_maraton.htm Fruška Gora Marathon]</ref> During the summer, there is [[Lake of Ledinci]] in Fruška Gora, but also there are numerous beaches on the Danube river, largest being [[Štrand]] in the [[Liman, Novi Sad|Liman]] neighborhood. Novi Sad has also one small [[nudist beach]]. There are also a couple of small recreational marinas on the river.
==Infrastructure==
[[Image:Most Slobode 1.jpg|thumb|right|250px|Rebuilt [[Liberty Bridge (Novi Sad)|Liberty Bridge]] in 2005. It was originally destroyed in 1999.]]
{{main|Infrastructure of Novi Sad}}
Novi Sad is connected by [[motorway]] to [[Subotica]] and [[Zrenjanin]], by [[highway]] to Belgrade; and by railroad to major European cities, such as [[Vienna]], [[Budapest]], [[Kiev]] and [[Moscow]]. One of the most famous structures in the city are the bridges over river Danube, which were destroyed in every war and then rebuilt. The city is about 90 minutes drive from [[Belgrade Nikola Tesla Airport]], which connects with metropolises across Europe.
====Public transportation====
The main public transportation system in Novi Sad consists of bus lines. There are twenty-one urban lines and twenty-nine suburban lines. The operator is [[JGSP Novi Sad]], with its main bus station at the start of [[Bulevar|Liberation Boulevard]]. In addition, there are numerous taxi companies serving the city.
==Further reading==
*Boško Petrović - Živan Milisavac, ''Novi Sad - monografija'', Novi Sad, 1987
*Milorad Grujić, ''Vodič kroz Novi Sad i okolinu'', Novi Sad, 2004
*Jovan Mirosavljević, ''Brevijar ulica Novog Sada 1745-2001'', Novi Sad, 2002
*Jovan Mirosavljević, ''Novi Sad - atlas ulica'', Novi Sad, 1998
*Mirjana Džepina, ''Društveni i zabavni život starih Novosađana'', Novi Sad, 1982
*Zoran Rapajić, ''Novi Sad bez tajni'', Beograd, 2002
*Đorđe Randelj, ''Novi Sad - slobodan grad'', Novi Sad, 1997
*''Enciklopedija Novog Sada'', sveske 1-26, Novi Sad, 1993-2005
*Radenko Gajić, ''Petrovaradinska tvrđava - Gibraltar na Dunavu'', Novi Sad, 1994
*[[Veljko Milković]], ''Petrovaradin kroz legendu i stvarnost'', Novi Sad, 2001
*Veljko Milković, ''Petrovaradin i Srem - misterija prošlosti'', Novi Sad, 2003
*Veljko Milković, ''Petrovaradinska tvrđava - podzemlje i nadzemlje'', Novi Sad, 2005
*Veljko Milković, ''Petrovaradinska tvrđava - kosmički lavirint otkrića'', Novi Sad, 2007
*Agneš Ozer, ''Petrovaradinska tvrđava - vodič kroz vreme i prostor'', Novi Sad, 2002
*Agneš Ozer, ''Petrovaradin fortress - a guide through time and space'', Novi Sad, 2002
*''30 godina mesne zajednice "7. Juli" u Novom Sadu 1974-2004 - monografija'', Novi Sad, 2004
*Branko Ćurčin, ''Slana Bara - nekad i sad'', Novi Sad, 2002
*Branko Ćurčin, ''Novosadsko naselje Šangaj - nekad i sad'', Novi Sad, 2004
*Zvonimir Golubović, ''Racija u Južnoj Bačkoj 1942. godine'', Novi Sad, 1991
*Petar Jonović, ''Knjižare Novog Sada 1790-1990'', Novi Sad, 1990
*Petar Jonović - Dr Milan Vranić - Dr Dušan Popov, ''Znameniti knjižari i izdavači Novog Sada'', Novi Sad, 1993
*''Ustav za čitaonicu srpsku u Novom Sadu'', Novi Sad, 1993
*''Sveske za istoriju Novog Sada'', sveske 4-5, Novi Sad, 1993-1994
==Notes==
<div class="references-small" style="-moz-column-count:2; column-count:2;">
<references />
</div>
==See also==
*[[NATO bombing of Novi Sad in 1999]]
*[[List of people from Novi Sad]]
*[[List of places in Serbia]]
*[[List of cities, towns and villages in Vojvodina]]
==External links==
{{Wiktionary|Novi Sad}}
{{commons|Novi Sad}}
* [http://www.gradnovisad.org.yu/ Novi Sad] - Official site {{sr icon}} {{en icon}}
* [http://skupstinans.org/index.php?option=com_frontpage&Itemid=1 City's assembly - Official site] {{sr icon}}
* [http://www.novisadtourism.org.yu/ Tourist Information Centre Novi Sad] {{sr icon}} {{en icon}}
* [http://www.novisad.cc/slike/ Novi Sad photo gallery] - City pictures
* [http://www.radio021.info/ Radio 021] - News {{sr icon}}
* {{Wikitravel|Novi Sad}}
* [http://www.fallingrain.com/world/YI/2/Novi_Sad.html Novi Sad - geographical info]
* [http://www.happynovisad.co.yu/ Happynovisad] - Club scene in the city {{sr icon}}
* [http://novisad.free.fr/ Tourist Information - Novi Sad] {{fr icon}} {{en icon}}
{{Novi Sad}}
{{South Bačka District}}
{{Municipalities of Serbia}}
{{Danube}}
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[[Category:Settlements established in 1694]]
[[Category:Novi Sad]]
[[Category:Cities, towns and villages in Vojvodina]]
[[Category:Places in Bačka]]
[[Category:Cities on the Danube]]
[[Category:Port cities in Europe]]
[[Category:University towns]]
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