1179
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{{year nav|1179}}
{{C12YearInTopic}}
==Events==
* [[June 19]] — Battle of Kalvskinnet (outside [[Nidaros]], [[Norway]]): [[Earl]] [[Erling Skakke]] is killed, and the battle changes the tide of the civil wars.
* The [[Third Council of the Lateran]] condemns [[Waldensians]] and [[Cathars]] as [[Christian heresy|heretics]], institutes a reformation of clerical life, and creates the first "[[ghetto]]s" for [[Jew]]s. It also rules that the [[Pope]] must receive 2/3 of the cardinals' votes to be elected.
* [[Afonso I of Portugal|Afonso I]] is recognized as the true [[King of Portugal]] by [[Pope Alexander III]], bringing [[Portugal]] the protection of the [[Roman Catholic Church|Catholic Church]] against the [[Kingdom of Castile|Castilian]] monarchy.
* [[Philip II of France|Philip II]] is crowned [[King of France]].
* The city of [[Aberdeen]] is chartered by [[William the Lion]].
* [[Westminster School]] is founded by the monks of [[Westminster Abbey]] (by papal command).
* The [[Drigung Kagyu]] school of [[Kagyu]] [[Buddhism]] is founded.
* The [[Maya civilization|Maya]] city of [[Chichen Itza]] is sacked and burned by Hunac Ceel, the Mayapan king.
==Births==
* [[John of Ibelin, the Old Lord of Beirut]] (approximate date; d. [[1236]])
* [[Michael of Chernigov|Mikhail of Kiev]] (approximate date; d. [[1246]])
* [[Hermann von Salza]], Grand Master of the [[Teutonic Knights]] (approximate date; d. [[1239]])
* [[Shimazu Tadahisa]], warlord of the [[Shimazu clan]] of Japan (d. [[1227]])
* [[William IV of Ponthieu|William IV Talvas]], [[Count of Ponthieu]] (d. [[1221]])
* [[Yaqut al-Hamawi]], Arab geographer (d. [[1229]])
==Deaths==
* [[September 17]] — [[Hildegard of Bingen]], German abbess, mystic writer, and composer (b. [[1098]])
* [[Taira no Shigemori]], Japanese rebel (b. [[1138]])
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