1565
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Year '''1565''' was a [[common year starting on Monday]] (link will display the full calendar) of the [[Julian calendar]].
== Events of 1565 ==
===January - June===
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[[Image:Rio de Janeiro's waterfront, 1919.jpg|thumb|200px|right| [[March 1]]: [[Rio de Janeiro]].]]
* [[February 13]] - [[Spain|Spanish]] [[Conquistador]] [[Miguel López de Legazpi]] lands with his troops on the shores of [[Cebu Island]] in the [[Philippines|Philippine archipelago]].
* [[March 1]] - The [[city]] of [[Rio de Janeiro]], [[Brazil]], is founded.
* [[April 27]] - [[Cebu City]] (originally named San Miguel) is established by López de Legazpi, becoming the first Spanish settlement in the Philippines.
* [[May 18]] - [[Ottoman Empire|Ottoman]] troops land on the island of [[Malta]], beginning [[Siege of Malta (1565)|The Great Siege of Malta]].
* [[June 17]] - [[Matsunaga Hisahide]] assassinates the 13th [[Ashikaga shogun]], [[Ashikaga Yoshiteru]].
===July - December===
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* [[July 29]] - Queen [[Mary I of Scotland]], widowed, marries [[Henry Stuart, Lord Darnley]].
* [[August 28]] - [[St. Augustine, Florida]] (named after [[Augustine of Hippo|St. Augustine]]), is established. It is the oldest remaining [[Europe]]an settlement in the [[United States]].
* [[September 4]] - The [[Spain|Spanish]] fleet of [[Pedro Menéndez de Avilés]] lands on modern-day [[Florida]] to oust the [[Military history of France|French]] under [[Jean Ribault]]. He later destroys the [[French colonial empires|French]] [[colony]] of [[Fort Caroline]].
* [[September 8]] - [[Pedro Menéndez de Avilés]] settles in [[St. Augustine, Florida]].
* [[September 11]] - The [[Knights of Malta]] lift the [[Turkey|Turkish]] [[Siege of Malta (1565)|Siege of Malta]] (started on [[May 18]]).
===Undated===
* In [[Russia]], it is the beginning of the Opritchtina.
* The [[pencil]] is first documented by [[Conrad Gesner]].
* [[John Beddoes School]] is founded.
==Births==
{{Year in other calendars}}
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* [[April 2]] - [[Cornelis de Houtman]], Dutch explorer (d. [[1599]])
* [[May 15]] - [[Hendrick de Keyser]], Dutch architect and sculptor (d. [[1621]])
* [[August 16]] - [[Christina, Grand Duchess of Tuscany]] (d. [[1637]])
* [[September 28]] - [[Alessandro Tassoni]], Italian poet and writer (d. [[1635]])
* [[November 10]] - [[Laurentius Paulinus Gothus]], Swedish theologian and astronomer (d. [[1646]])
*''date unknown''
**[[Reza Abbasi]], Persian painter and calligrapher (d. [[1635]])
**[[Gregor Aichinger]], German composer (d. [[1628]])
**[[Edward Blount]], English printer
**[[Ferdinando Gorges]], English colonial entrepreneur (d. [[1647]])
**[[Marie de Gournay]], French writer (d. [[1645]])
**[[John Davies of Hereford]], Welsh poet (d. [[1618]])
**[[George Kirbye]], English composer (d. [[1634]])
**[[Duarte Lobo]], Portuguese composer (d. [[1646]])
**[[Francis Meres]], English churchman and author (d. [[1647]])
**[[Pedro Fernández de Quirós]], Portuguese seaman and explorer (d. [[1614]])
**[[John Spottiswoode]], Archbishop of St. Andrews (d. [[1639]])
**[[Francis Tanfield]], Governor of the South Falkland colony
**[[Edmund Whitelocke]], English soldier and courtier (d. [[1608]])
**[[Robert Wintour]], English conspirator (d. [[1606]])
: ''See also [[:Category: 1565 births]].''
==Deaths==
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* [[January 19]] - [[Diego Laynez]], Jesuit theologian (b. [[1512]])
* [[March 17]] - [[Alexander Ales]], Scottish theologian (b. [[1500]])
* [[May 28]] - [[Mikołaj "the Black" Radziwiłł]], Polish magnate (b. [[1515]])
* [[June 12]] - [[Adrianus Turnebus]], French classical scholar (b. [[1512]])
* [[June 17]] - [[Ashikaga Yoshiteru]], Japanese shogun (b. [[1536]])
* [[August]] - [[Jacques Buus]], Flemish composer and organist (b. [[1500]])
* [[September 20]] - [[Cypriano de Rore]], Flemish composer and teacher (b. [[1515]])
* [[October 5]] - [[Lodovico Ferrari]], Italian mathematician (b. [[1522]])
* [[October 12]] - [[Jean Ribault]], French explorer and colonizer (b. [[1520]])
* [[October 14]] - [[Thomas Chaloner (statesman)|Thomas Chaloner]], English statesman and poet (b. [[1521]])
* [[October 22]] - [[Jean, Vicomte d'Aguisy Grolier de Servieres]], French bibliophile (b. [[1479]])
* [[December 9]] - [[Pope Pius IV]] (b. [[1499]])
* [[December 13]] - [[Conrad Gessner]], Swiss naturalist (b. [[1516]])
*''date unknown''
**[[Katherine Champernowne]], Governess of [[Elizabeth I]] of England
**[[Nicolaus Von Amsdorf]], German Protestant reformer (b. [[1483]])
**[[William Farel]], French evangelist (b. [[1489]])
**[[Yadegar Moxammat of Kazan]], last khan of Kazan Khanae te
**[[Lope de Rueda]], Spanish writer (b. c. [[1510]])
**[[Paweł Tarło]], canon of Krakow
**[[Pier Paolo Vergerio]], Italian reformer (b. [[1498]])
: ''See also [[:Category: 1565 deaths]].''
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