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Year '''1631''' ([[Roman numerals|MDCXXXI]]) was a [[common year starting on Wednesday]] (link will display the full calendar) of the [[Gregorian calendar]] (or a [[common year starting on Saturday]] of the 10-day slower [[Julian calendar]]).
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== Events of 1631 ==
=== January - June ===
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* [[February 5]] - [[Roger Williams (theologian)|Roger Williams]] emigrates to [[Boston, Massachusetts|Boston]].
* [[February 16]] - [[Gustav Adolf Secondary School]] is founded in [[Tallinn]], [[Estonia]] by Swedish king [[Gustav II Adolf]].
* [[May 10]] - [[Thirty Years' War]]: Imperial troops storm the German city of [[Magdeburg]] and massacre 20,000 inhabitants.
* [[May 18]] - In [[Dorchester, Massachusetts]], [[John Winthrop]] takes the oath of office and becomes the first [[Governor of Massachusetts]].
* [[June 20]] - [[Algiers|Algerian]] pirates [[Sack of Baltimore|sack]] [[Baltimore, County Cork]] in [[Ireland]].
=== July - December ===
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* [[September 17]] - [[Thirty Years' War]]: [[Battle of Breitenfield (1631)]] - King [[Gustav II Adolf]] of [[Sweden]] defeats the Catholic League and the [[Holy Roman Empire]], ensuring religious liberty for the Protestant states of [[Germany]].
* [[October 10]] - [[Thirty Years' War]]: A [[Saxony|Saxon]] army takes over [[Prague]].
===Undated===
* [[Moses Amyraut]]'s ''Traite des Religions'' is published.
* The bell "Emmanuel" in [[Notre Dame de Paris]] is recast.
* The [[Taj Mahal]]'s construction is started (it is finished in [[1653]]).
* [[Mount Vesuvius|Mount Vesuvius]] erupts in [[Pompeii, Italy|Pompeii]].
==Births==
{{Year in other calendars}}
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* [[January 1]] - [[Katherine Philips]], Anglo-Welsh poet (d. [[1664]])
* [[February 20]] - [[Thomas Osborne, 1st Duke of Leeds]], English statesman (d. [[1712]])
* [[March 16]] - [[René Le Bossu]], French critic (d. [[1680]])
* [[May 2]] - [[John Murray, 1st Marquess of Atholl|Sir John Murray]], 1st Marquess of Atholl (d. [[1703]])
* [[July 15]] - [[Jens Juel (diplomat)|Jens Juel]], Danish diplomat (d. [[1700]])
* [[August 19]] - [[John Dryden]], English writer (d. [[1700]])
* [[September 3]] - [[William Stoughton (Massachusetts)|William Stoughton]], American judge at the Salem witch trials (d. [[1701]])
* [[November 4]] - [[Mary, Princess Royal and Princess of Orange]] (d. [[1660]])
* [[December 14]] - [[Lady Anne Finch Conway]], English philosopher (d. [[1679]])
: ''See also [[:Category:1631 births]].''
==Deaths==
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* [[January 1]] - [[Thomas Hobson]], English carrier and origin of the phrase "[[Hobson's choice]]" (b. [[1544]])
* [[March 31]] - [[John Donne]], English writer and prelate (b. [[1572]])
* [[May 6]] - [[Robert Bruce Cotton]], English politician (b. [[1570]])
* [[June 17]] - [[Mumtaz Mahal]], favorite wife of [[Shah Jahan]] (b. April [[1593]])
* [[June 21]] - [[John Smith of Jamestown]], English soldier and colonist (b. [[1580]])
* [[July 19]] - [[Cesare Cremonini (philosopher)|Cesare Cremonini]], Italian philosopher (b. [[1550]])
* [[July 28]] - [[Guillén de Castro y Bellvis]], Spanish dramatist (b. [[1569]])
* [[October 14]] - [[Sofie of Mecklenburg-Schwerin (d. 1631)]], Queen and regent of Denmark (b. [[1557]])
* [[December 23]] - [[Michael Drayton]], English poet (b. [[1563]])
: ''See also [[:Category:1631 deaths]].''
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