1777
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Year '''1777''' ('''[[Roman numerals|MDCCLXXVII]]''') was a [[common year starting on Wednesday]] (link will display the full calendar) of the [[Gregorian calendar]] (or a [[common year starting on Sunday]] of the 11-day slower [[Julian calendar]]).
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== Events of 1777 ==
===January - June===
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* [[January 3]] - [[American Revolution]]: [[United States|American]] general [[George Washington]] defeats [[United Kingdom|British]] [[general]] [[Charles Cornwallis]] at the [[Battle of Princeton]].
*[[January 12]] - [[Mission Santa Clara de Asís]] is founded in what is now [[Santa Clara, California]].
[[Image:US flag 13 stars – Betsy Ross.svg|thumb|150px|right| '''[[June 14]]''': [[Flag of the United States|US Flag]] (had various star patterns)]]
*[[January 15]] - [[Vermont]] declares its independence from [[New York]] becoming an independent country, a status it retained until it joined the [[United States]] as the 14th state in [[1791]].
* [[May 16]] - [[Lachlan McIntosh]] and [[Button Gwinnett]] shoot each other during a [[duel]] near [[Savannah, Georgia]]. [[Gwinnett]], a signer of the [[United States Declaration of Independence]], dies three days later.
* [[June 13]] - [[American Revolution]]: [[Marquis de Lafayette]] lands near [[Charleston, South Carolina]] to help the [[Continental Congress]] train its army.
* [[June 14]] - [[Stars and Stripes]] adopted by the [[Continental Congress]] as the [[Flag of the United States]].
===July - December===
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* [[July 30]]-[[Boston Massacre]]: -->
* [[August 16]] - [[American Revolution]]: [[Battle of Bennington]] - [[United Kingdom|British]] forces are defeated by [[United States|American]] troops.
* [[September 3]] - [[Cooch's Bridge]] - [[Skirmish]] of [[American Revolution]]ary war in [[New Castle County, Delaware|New Castle County]], [[Delaware]] where the [[Flag of the United States]] was flown in battle for the first time.
* [[September 11]] - [[Battle of Brandywine]] - Major [[American Revolution]]ary war victory for [[Kingdom of Great Britain|British]] in [[Chester County, Pennsylvania|Chester County]], [[Pennsylvania]].
* [[September 19]] - [[American Revolution]]: First [[Battle of Saratoga]]/[[Battle of Freeman's Farm]]/[[Battle of Bemis Heights]].
* [[October 4]] - [[American Revolution]]: [[Battle of Germantown]]- Troops under [[George Washington]] are repelled by [[United Kingdom|British]] troops under [[Sir]] [[William Howe]].
* [[October 17]] - [[American Revolution]]: [[Battle of Saratoga]]- [[United States|American]] troops defeat the [[United Kingdom|British]].
* [[November 15]] - [[American Revolution]]: After 16 months of debate, the [[Continental Congress]] approves the [[Articles of Confederation]] in the temporary [[United States|American]] capital at [[York, Pennsylvania]].
* [[November 17]] - [[Articles of Confederation]] submitted to the states for ratification.
* [[November 29]] - [[San Jose, California]] founded. It is the first ''[[pueblo]]'' in [[Spain|Spanish]] [[Alta California]].
*December - Death of [[Dolly Pentreath]], claimed to be the last speaker of the [[Cornish language]].
* [[December 19]] - [[American Revolution]]: [[George Washington]]'s [[Continental Army]] goes into winter quarters at [[Valley Forge, Pennsylvania]].
* [[December 24]] - [[Kiritimati]] discovered by [[James Cook]].
===Undated===
* The 2nd edition of ''[[Encyclopædia Britannica]]'' is published.
* The [[code duello]] is adopted at the [[Clonmell Summer Assizes]] as the form for [[pistol duel]]s in [[Ireland]]. It is quickly denounced but nevertheless widely adopted throughout the [[English language|English]]-speaking world.
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==Births==
{{Year in other calendars|japanese=[[Anei|An'ei]] 5 – 6}}
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* [[October 1]] - [[Zaro Aga]] d.([[1934]])
* [[January 2]] - [[Christian Daniel Rauch]], German sculptor (d. [[1857]])
* [[January 5]] - [[Robert Hart]], Father of the British 1820 settlers to South Africa (d. [[1867]])
* [[February 12]] - [[Friedrich de la Motte Fouque]], French poet (d. [[1843]])
* [[March 17]] - [[Roger Taney]], [[Chief Justice of the United States]] (d. [[1864]])
* [[April 12]] - [[Henry Clay]], American statesman (d. [[1852]])
* [[April 30]] - [[Carl Friedrich Gauss]], German mathematician, astronomer, and physicist (d. [[1855]])
* [[June 12]] - [[Robert Clark (US politician)|Robert Clark]], American politician (d. [[1837]])
* [[August 14]] - [[Hans Christian Ørsted]], Danish physicist and chemist (d. [[1851]])
* [[October 16]] - [[Lorenzo Dow]], American Methodist preacher (d. [[1834]])
* [[October 18]] - [[Heinrich von Kleist]], German writer (d. [[1811]])
* [[December 4]] - [[Madame Recamier|Madame Récamier]], French writer (d. [[1849]])
* [[December 23]] - Emperor [[Alexander I of Russia]] (d. [[1825]])
*''date unknown'' - [[Benjamin d'Urban]], British general and colonial administrator (d. [[1849]])
: ''See also [[:Category: 1777 births]].''
==Deaths==
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*[[January 10]] - [[Spranger Barry]], Irish actor (b. [[1719]])
*[[January 12]] - [[Hugh Mercer]], American Revolutionary War officer (mortally wounded in battle)
*[[February 9]] - [[Seth Pomeroy]], American gunsmith and soldier (b. [[1706]])
*[[February 24]] - King [[Joseph I of Portugal]] (b. [[1714]])
*[[March 1]] - [[Georg Christoph Wagenseil]], Austrian composer (b. [[1715]])
*[[May 11]] - [[George Pigot, Baron Pigot]], British governor of Madras (b. [[1719]])
*[[May 19]] - [[Button Gwinnett]], American signer of the Declaration of Independence (b. [[1735]])
*[[September 22]] - [[John Bartram]], American botanist (b. [[1699]])
*[[September 25]] - [[Johann H. Lambert]], mathematician, physicist and astronomer (b. [[1728]])
*[[October 21]] - [[Samuel Foote]], English dramatist and actor (b. [[1720]])
*[[November 10]] - [[Cornstalk]], Shawnee chief
: ''See also [[:Category: 1777 deaths]].''
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