1778 35814 226185902 2008-07-17T06:06:18Z Benea 4456044 /* January - June */ fix links {{year nav|{{PAGENAME}}}} {{C18YearInTopicX}} <!-- [[Image: |thumb|140px|right| .]] --> Year '''1778''' ('''[[Roman numerals|MDCCLXXVIII]]''') was a [[common year starting on Thursday]] (link will display the full calendar) of the [[Gregorian calendar]] (or a [[common year starting on Monday]] of the 11-day slower [[Julian calendar]]). == Events of 1778 == ===January - June === <!-- Link all dates, even if repeated, for date-format preferences. --> [[Image:BattleofMonmouth.jpg|thumb|180px|right| '''[[June 28]]''': The [[Battle of Monmouth]].]] * [[January 18]] - Third [[Pacific Ocean|Pacific]] expedition of [[Capt.]] [[James Cook]], with ships [[HMS Resolution (1771)|HMS ''Resolution'']] and [[HMS Discovery (1774)|HMS ''Discovery'']], first view [[Oahu|O'ahu]] then [[Kauai|Kaua'i]] in the [[Hawaiian Islands]], which he names the "[[Sandwich Islands]]." * [[February 5]] - [[South Carolina]] becomes the first state to ratify the [[Articles of Confederation]]. * [[February 6]] - [[American Revolutionary War]]: In [[Paris]] the [[Treaty of Alliance]] and the [[Treaty of Amity and Commerce (USA-France)|Treaty of Amity and Commerce]] are signed by the [[United States]] and [[France]] signaling official recognition of the new republic. * [[February 23]] - [[American Revolutionary War]]: [[Baron von Steuben]] arrives at [[Valley Forge]], [[Pennsylvania]] and begins to train the American troops. * [[March 10]] - [[American Revolutionary War]]: [[George Washington]] approves the dishonorable discharge of Lieut. Frederick Gotthold Enslin for "attempting to commit sodomy, with John Monhort a soldier". * [[June 24]] - Total [[Solar Eclipse]]: takes place across parts of [[USA]] from [[Texas]] to [[Virginia]]. * [[June 28]] - [[American Revolutionary War]]: the [[Battle of Monmouth]] takes place in [[Monmouth County|Monmouth]], [[New Jersey]]. ===July - December=== <!-- Link all dates, even if repeated, for date-format preferences. --> * [[July 3]] - [[American Revolutionary War]]: the [[Wyoming Massacre]] takes place near [[Wilkes-Barre]], [[Pa.]], ending in a terrible defeat of the local [[colonist]]s. * [[July 4]] - [[American Revolutionary War]]: [[George Rogers Clark]] takes Kaskaskia. * [[July 10]] - [[American Revolutionary War]]: [[Louis XVI of France]] declares war on the [[Kingdom of Great Britain]]. * [[July 27]] - [[American Revolution]]: [[First Battle of Ushant]] - [[Kingdom of Great Britain|British]] and [[France|French]] fleets fight to a standoff. * [[August 26]] - [[Triglav]], at 2,864 meters above sea level the highest peak of [[Slovenia]], was ascended for the first time by four brave men: [[Luka Korošec]], [[Matevž Kos]], [[Štefan Rožič]] and [[Lovrenc Willomitzer]] on [[Sigismund Zois]]'s initiative. * [[September]] - The [[Massachusetts Banishment Act]], providing punishment for [[Loyalist (American Revolution)|Loyalists]], is passed. * [[September 17]] - [[Treaty of Fort Pitt (1778)|Treaty of Fort Pitt]] signed, the first formal treaty between the [[United States]] and a [[Native Americans in the United States|Native American]] tribe (the [[Lenape]] or Delaware). * [[September 19]] - The [[Continental Congress]] passes the first [[budget]] of the [[United States]]. * [[November 26]] - In the [[Hawaiian Islands]], [[Captain (naval)|Captain]] [[James Cook]] becomes the first [[Europe]]an to land on [[Maui (island)|Maui]]. [[Image:KahakuloaHead sml.jpg|thumb|210px|right| '''[[November 26]]''': [[James Cook|Captain Cook]] lands on [[Maui (island)|Maui]].]] ===Undated=== * The first [[colonization|settlement]] was made in the area of what is now [[Louisville, Kentucky]] by 13 families under [[Col.]] [[George Rogers Clark]]. * [[Phillips Academy]], the most prestigious secondary boarding school in the [[United States]], was founded by [[Samuel Phillips Jr]]. * First [[Ironbridge]]. * The term "[[thoroughbred]]" was first used in the [[United States]] in an advertisement in a [[Kentucky]] [[gazette]] to describe a [[New Jersey]] stallion called [[Pilgarlick]]. {{-}}<!-- reset to left margin --> ==Births== {{Year in other calendars|japanese=[[Anei|An'ei]] 6 &ndash; 7}} <!-- Link all dates, even if repeated, for date-format preferences. --> * [[January 3]] - [[Antoni Melchior Fijałkowski]], Polish bishop (d. [[1861]]) * [[February 22]] - [[Rembrandt Peale]], American artist (d. [[1860]]) * [[March 19]] - [[Edward Pakenham]], British general (d. [[1815]]) * [[April 10]] - [[William Hazlitt]], English essayist (d. [[1830]]) * [[May 18]] - [[Charles William Vane, 3rd Marquess of Londonderry]], British politician (d. [[1854]]) * [[August 11]] - [[Friedrich Ludwig Jahn]], German patriot (d. [[1852]]) * [[September 8]] - [[Clemens Brentano]], German poet (d. [[1842]]) * [[September 19]] - [[Henry Peter Brougham]], [[Lord High Chancellor]] of Great Britain (d. [[1868]]) * [[November 1]] - [[Gustav IV Adolf of Sweden]] (d. [[1837]]) * [[November 25]] - [[Mary Anne Schimmelpenninck]], British Christian writer (d. [[1856]]) * [[December 17]] - [[Humphry Davy|Sir Humphry Davy]], English chemist (d. [[1829]]) * [[December 19]] - [[Princess Marie-Thérèse-Charlotte|Marie Thérèse Charlotte]] (d. [[1851]]) * [[December 28]] - [[Franciszek Ksawery Drucki-Lubecki]], Polish politician (d. [[1846]]) * Sardar Fath `Ali Khan, Wazir-i-azam of Kabul (d. [[1818]]) : ''See also [[:Category: 1778 births]].'' ==Deaths== <!-- Link all dates, even if repeated, for date-format preferences. --> *[[January 10]] - [[Carolus Linnaeus]], Swedish botanist (b. [[1707]]) *[[February 18]] - [[Joseph Marie Terray]], French statesman (b. [[1715]]) *[[February 20]] - [[Laura Bassi]], Italian scholar (b. [[1711]]) *[[March 5]] - [[Thomas Augustine Arne]], English composer of "Rule, Britannia!" (b. [[1710]]) *[[March 7]] - [[Charles De Geer]], Swedish industrialist and entomologist (b. [[1720]]) *[[March 13]] - [[Charles le Beau]], French historian (b. [[1701]]) *[[April 22]] - [[James Hargreaves]], English weaver, carpenter, and inventor (b. [[1720]]) *[[May 11]] - [[William Pitt, 1st Earl of Chatham]], [[Prime Minister of the United Kingdom]] (b. [[1708]]) *[[May 16]] - [[Robert Darcy, 4th Earl of Holderness]], English diplomat and politician (b. [[1718]]) *[[May 30]] - [[Voltaire]], French philosopher (b. [[1694]]) *[[June 12]] - [[Philip Livingston]], American signer of the Declaration of Independence (b. [[1716]]) *[[June 16]] - [[Konrad Ekhof]], German actor (b. [[1720]]) *[[June 24]] - [[Pieter Burmann the Younger]], Dutch philologist (b. [[1714]]) *[[July 2]] - [[Jean-Jacques Rousseau]], Swiss philosopher (b. [[1712]]) *[[July 2]] - [[Bathsheba Ruggles]], American murderer (b. [[1746]]?) *[[July 5]] - [[James Townley]], English dramatist (b. [[1714]]) *[[August 5]] - [[Charles Clémencet]], French historian (b. [[1703]]) *[[August 12]] - [[Peregrine Bertie, 3rd Duke of Ancaster and Kesteven]], British general and politician (b. [[1714]]) *[[November 9]] - [[Giovanni Battista Piranesi]], Italian artist (b. [[1720]]) *[[November 20]] - [[Francesco Cetti]], Italian Jesuit scientist (b. [[1726]]) *''date unknown'' - [[Thomas Johnson (designer)]], furniture maker (b. [[1714]]) : ''See also [[:Category: 1778 deaths]].'' {{2}}{{commonscat}}{{months}} [[Category:1778| ]] [[af:1778]] [[am:1778 እ.ኤ.አ.]] [[ang:1778]] [[ar:1778]] [[an:1778]] [[ast:1778]] [[az:1778]] [[bn:১৭৭৮]] [[map-bms:1778]] [[be:1778]] [[be-x-old:1778]] [[bh:१७७८]] [[bs:1778]] [[br:1778]] [[bg:1778]] [[ca:1778]] [[cv:1778]] [[cs:1778]] [[co:1778]] [[cy:1778]] [[da:1778]] [[de:1778]] [[et:1778]] [[el:1778]] [[es:1778]] [[eo:1778]] [[eu:1778]] [[fr:1778]] [[fy:1778]] [[ga:1778]] [[gd:1778]] [[gl:1778]] [[ko:1778년]] [[hy:1778]] [[hi:1778]] [[hr:1778.]] [[io:1778]] [[bpy:মারি ১৭৭৮]] [[id:1778]] [[ia:1778]] [[os:1778]] [[is:1778]] [[it:1778]] [[he:1778]] [[jv:1778]] [[ka:1778]] [[csb:1778]] [[sw:1778]] [[ht:1778 (almanak gregoryen)]] [[la:1778]] [[lb:1778]] [[lt:1778 m.]] [[hu:1778]] [[mk:1778]] [[mi:1778]] [[mr:इ.स. १७७८]] [[ms:1778]] [[nah:1778]] [[nl:1778]] [[new:१७७८]] [[ja:1778年]] [[nap:1778]] [[no:1778]] [[nn:1778]] [[nrm:1778]] [[nov:1778]] [[oc:1778]] [[uz:1778]] [[pi:१७७८]] [[nds:1778]] [[pl:1778]] [[pt:1778]] [[ksh:Joohr 1778]] [[ro:1778]] [[ru:1778 год]] [[sa:१७७८]] [[sq:1778]] [[scn:1778]] [[simple:1778]] [[sk:1778]] [[sl:1778]] [[sr:1778]] [[su:1778]] [[fi:1778]] [[sv:1778]] [[tl:1778]] [[ta:1778]] [[th:พ.ศ. 2321]] [[vi:1778]] [[tr:1778]] [[uk:1778]] [[vec:1778]] [[vo:1778]] [[wa:1778]] [[vls:1778]] [[zh-yue:1778年]] [[zh:1778年]]