1779
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Year '''1779''' ('''[[Roman numerals|MDCCLXXIX]]''') was a [[common year starting on Friday]] (link will display the full calendar) of the [[Gregorian calendar]] (or a [[common year starting on Tuesday]] of the 11-day slower [[Julian calendar]]).
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== Events of 1779 ==
===January - June===
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* [[January 9]] - British troops surrender to the [[Maratha]]s in [[Wadgaon]], India, and are forced to return all terrorities acquired since [[1773]].
* [[January 11]] - [[Ching-Thang Khomba]] was crowned [[List of Meitei kings|King]] of [[Manipur]].
* [[January 22]] - [[American Revolutionary War]]: [[Claudius Smith]] is hanged at [[Goshen, New York|Goshen]], [[Orange County, New York]] for supposed acts of terrorism upon the people of the surrounding communities.
* [[January 29]] - After a second petition for partition from its residents, the [[North Carolina General Assembly]] abolishes [[Bute County, North Carolina|Bute County]], [[North Carolina]] (established [[1764]]) by dividing it and naming the northern portion [[Warren County, North Carolina|Warren County]] (for Revolutionary War hero [[Joseph Warren]]) and the southern portion [[Franklin County, North Carolina|Franklin County]] (for [[Benjamin Franklin]]). The General Assembly also establishes [[Warrenton, North Carolina|Warrenton]] (also named for Joseph Warren) to be the county seat of Warren County and [[Louisburg, North Carolina|Louisburg]] (named for [[Louis XVI of France]]) to be the county seat of Franklin County.
[[Image:Benedict arnold illustration.jpg|thumb|Benedict Arnold]]
* [[February 14]]: Captain [[James Cook]] dies on the [[Sandwich Islands]] on his third and last voyage.
* [[May 13]] - [[War of Bavarian Succession]]: [[Russia]]n and [[France|French]] mediators at the [[Congress of Teschen]] negotiate an end to the war. In the agreement [[Austria]] receives a part of its territory that was taken from them (the [[Innviertel]]).
* [[June 1]] - [[American Revolutionary War]]: [[Benedict Arnold]] is [[court-martial]]ed for [[malfeasance]] in his treatment of government property.
* [[June 16]] - [[American Revolutionary War]]: In support of the U.S., Spain declares war on England.
===July - December===
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* [[July 16]] - [[American Revolutionary War]]: [[United States]] forces led by General [[Anthony Wayne]] capture [[Stony Point, New York]] from [[Kingdom of Great Britain | British]] troops.
* [[July 22]] - Goshen Militia destroyed by [[Joseph Brant]]'s forces at the [[Battle of Minisink]].
* [[July 24]] - [[American Revolutionary War]]: American forces led by Commodore [[Dudley Saltonstall]] launched the [[Penobscot Expedition]] in what is now [[Castine]], Maine, resulting in the worst naval defeat in U.S. history until [[Pearl Harbor]].
* [[July]] - Start of the [[Great Siege of Gibraltar]] (fourteenth and last military siege). This was an action by [[France|French]] and [[Spain|Spanish]] forces to wrest control of [[Gibraltar]] from the established British Garrison. The garrison, led by [[George Augustus Eliott]], later 1st Baron Heathfield of Gibraltar, survived all attacks and a blockade of supplies.
[[Image:The Siege and Relief of Gibraltar.jpg|right|thumb|320px|''[[The Defeat of the Floating Batteries at Gibraltar, September 1782]]'', by John Singleton Copley]]
* [[September]] - [[Battle of Baton Rouge (1779)|Battle of Baton Rouge]] is fought.
* [[October 4]] - The [[James Wilson|Fort Wilson Riot]] takes place.
* [[November 2]] - The North Carolina General Assembly carves a new county from [[Dobbs County, North Carolina|Dobbs County]], North Carolina and names it [[Wayne County, North Carolina|Wayne County]] in honor of United States General [[Anthony Wayne]].
* [[December 13]] - Marriage of [[Alexandre, Vicomte de Beauharnais]] to [[Joséphine de Beauharnais | Joséphine Tascher de la Pagerie]] is held.
* [[December 25]] - Fort Nashborough, later to become [[Nashville, Tennessee]], is founded by [[James Robertson (early American)|James Robertson]].
===Undated===
* [[The Iron Bridge]] is completed across the [[River Severn]] in [[Shropshire]]; the first all cast-iron bridge ever constructed.
*[[Boulton and Watt]]'s [[Smethwick Engine]], now the oldest working engine in the world, is brought into service.
* Founding of the city of [[Tampere]], [[Finland]].
==Births==
{{Year in other calendars|japanese=[[Anei|An'ei]] 7 – 8}}
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* [[January 5]] - [[Stephen Decatur]], American naval officer (d. [[1820]])
* [[January 18]] - [[Peter Roget]], British lexicographer (d. [[1869]])
* [[March 6]] - [[Antoine-Henri Jomini]], French General (d. 1869)
* [[March 15]] - [[William Lamb, 2nd Viscount Melbourne]], [[Prime Minister of the United Kingdom]] (d. [[1848]])
* [[May 28]] - [[Thomas Moore]], Irish poet (d. [[1852]])
* [[August 1]] - [[Francis Scott Key]], American lawyer and lyricist (d. [[1843]])
* [[August 20]] - [[Jöns Jakob Berzelius]], Swedish chemist (d. [[1848]])
* [[August 29]] - [[Jean Auguste Dominique Ingres]], Painter
* [[November 14]] - [[Adam Gottlob Oehlenschläger]], Danish poet (d. [[1850]])
*''date unknown'' - [[Giacomo Beltrami]], Italian explorer (d. [[1855]])
[[Image:Key-Francis-Scott-LOC.jpg|150px|thumb|left| [[August 1]]: [[Francis Scott Key]]]]
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==Deaths==
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[[Image:Captainjamescookportrait.jpg|200px|thumb|Portrait of Captain James Cook, by [[Nathaniel Dance]]
]]
*[[January 3]] - [[Claude Bourgelat]], French veterinary surgeon (b. [[1712]])
*[[January 20]] - [[David Garrick]], English actor (b. [[1717]])
*[[January 22]] - [[Jeremiah Dixon]], English surveyor and astronomer (b. [[1733]])
*[[February 7]] - [[William Boyce]], English composer (b. [[1711]])
*[[February 14]] - [[James Cook]], British naval captain and explorer (b. [[1728]])
*[[February 24]] - [[Paul Daniel Longolius]], German encylopedist (b. [[1704]])
*[[April 24]] - [[Eleazar Wheelock]], American founder of Dartmouth College (b. [[1711]])
*[[May 3]] - [[John Winthrop (1714-1779)|John Winthrop]], American astronomer (b. [[1714]])
*[[June 7]] - [[William Warburton]], English critic and Bishop of Gloucester (b. [[1698]])
*[[23 June]] - Ras [[Mikael Sehul]], Enderase of [[Ethiopia]]
*[[September 12]] - [[Richard Grenville-Temple, 2nd Earl Temple]], English politician (b. [[1711]])
*[[October 11]] - [[Kazimierz Pułaski]], Veteran commander of Polish, Russian, and American troops (b. [[1745]])
*[[November 16]] - [[Pehr Kalm]], Finnish explorer and naturalist (b. [[1716]])
*[[December 6]] - [[Jean-Baptiste-Siméon Chardin]], French painter (b. [[1699]])
*[[December 8]] - [[Nathan Alcock]], English physician (b. [[1707]])
*[[December 16]] - [[Emperor Go-Momozono of Japan]] (b. [[1758]])
*[[December 17]] - [[Giuseppe Carcani]], Italian composer (b. ?[[1703]])
*[[December 23]] - [[Augustus Hervey, 3rd Earl of Bristol]], British admiral and politician (b. [[1724]])
: ''See also [[:Category: 1779 deaths]].''
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