1799
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Year '''1799''' ('''[[Roman numerals|MDCCXCIX]]''') was a [[common year starting on Tuesday]] (link will display the full calendar) of the [[Gregorian calendar]] (or a [[common year starting on Saturday]]
<ref>
"Calendar in year 1799 (Russia)" (full Julian calendar),
Steffen Thorsen, Time and Date AS, 2007, webpage:
[http://www.timeanddate.com/calendar/index.html?year=1799&country=20 Julian-1799]
(Russia used the Julian calendar until [[1919]]).
</ref>of the 11-day slower [[Julian calendar]]).
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== Events of 1799 ==
===January - June===
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* [[January 9]] - [[Prime Minister of the United Kingdom|British Prime Minister]] [[William Pitt the Younger]] introduces an [[income tax]] of two [[shilling]]s to the [[Pound Sterling|pound]] to raise funds for Great Britain's war effort in the [[Napoleonic Wars]].
* [[March 1]] - [[United States Federalist Party|Federalist]] [[James Ross (US politician)|James Ross]] becomes [[President Pro Tempore of the United States Senate]].
* [[March 7]] - [[Napoleon I of France|Napoleon]] captures [[Jaffa, Israel|Jaffa]] in [[Palestine]] and his troops proceed to kill more than 2,000 [[Albania]]n captives.
* [[March 22]] - [[Roddy McCorley]] executed in the town of [[Toomebridge]] by the British for his part in the [[Irish Rebellion]] of [[1798]]
* [[March 29]] - [[New York]] passes a law aimed at gradually abolishing [[slavery]] in the state.
* [[May 4]] - [[Tippu Sultan]] defeated and killed in [[Battle of Seringapatam]] by the British.
===July - December===
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[[Image:Rosetta Stone BW.jpeg|thumb|100px|right|Rosetta Stone]]
* [[July 7]] - [[Ranjit Singh]]'s men had taken their positions outside Lahore.
* [[July 12]]- Ranjit Singh the Great conquers Lahore and becomes ruler of the Punjab.
* [[July 15]] - In the [[Egypt]]ian port city of [[Rosetta]], [[France|French]] Captain Pierre Bouchard finds the [[Rosetta Stone]].
* [[July 25]] - At [[Aboukir]] in [[Egypt]], [[Napoleon I of France|Napoleon Bonaparte]] defeats 10,000 [[Ottoman Empire|Ottoman]] [[Mamluk]] troops under [[Mustafa Pasha (Egypt)|Mustafa Pasha]].
* [[August 27]] - [[Great Britain|British]] and [[Russia|Russian]] expedition to the [[Batavian Republic]] (now the [[Netherlands]]).
* [[August 30]] - British forces under Sir [[Ralph Abercromby]] and Admiral Sir Charles Mitchell capture the entire Dutch fleet.
* [[October 6]] - Franco Dutch forces defeat the Russo British expedition force in the [[battle of Castricum]]
* [[October 9]] - Sinking of [[HMS Lutine (1785)|HMS Lutine]], a famous treasure wreck.
* [[October 18]] - Capitulation of Anglo-Russian expedition forces in Holland.
* [[November 9]] - [[Napoleon]] overthrows the [[French Directory]].
*December - A new constitution is approved in a [[plebiscite]] in [[France]].
* [[December]] - [[Napoleon]] becomes [[First Consul]].
* [[December 14]] - [[George Washington]], the first [[President of the United States]], dies in [[Mount Vernon, Virginia]].
===Undated===
* The Place Royale in Paris is renamed [[Place des Vosges]] when the Department of Vosges becomes the first to pay new Revolutionary taxes.
* The [[American system of manufacturing|American System]] of manufacturing is invented.
* The small town of [[Tignish]], [[Prince Edward Island|PE]], [[Canada]] is founded.
* 12 year old Conrad John Reed finds what he described as a "heavy yellow rock" along Little Meadow Creek in [[Cabarrus County, North Carolina|Cabarrus County]], [[North Carolina]] and makes it a doorstop in his home. Conrad's father John Reed learns that the rock is actually gold in [[1802]], initiating the first gold rush in the United States.
* The assassination of the 14th [[Tu'i Kanokupolu]], Tukuʻaho, plunges [[Tonga]] into half a century of civil war.
*[[Nawab]] (provincial governor) of [[Oudh]] in northern [[India]] sends to [[George III of England]] the [[Padshahnama]], official history of the reign of [[Shah Jahan]].
*[[William Cockerill]] begins building [[cotton-spinning]] equipment in [[Belgium]].
===Ongoing events===
* [[French Revolution]] ([[1789]]-1799)
* [[French Revolutionary Wars]] ([[1792]]-[[1802]])-[[Second Coalition]]/Egyptian Campaign
* [[Napoleonic Wars]] (1799-[[1815]])-[[Second Coalition]]/Egyptian Campaign
==Births==
{{Year in other calendars|japanese=[[Kansei]] 10 – 11}}
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* [[January 6]] - [[Jedediah Smith]], American fur trapper and explorer (d. [[1831]])
* [[January 31]] - [[Rodolphe Töpffer]], Swiss teacher, author, and artist (d. [[1846]])
* [[February 4]] - [[Almeida Garrett]], Portuguese writer (d. [[1854]])
* [[February 11]] - [[Basil Moreau]], founder of the Congregation of Holy Cross (d. [[1873]])
* [[March 8]] - [[Simon Cameron]], American politician (d. [[1889]])
* [[March 20]] - [[Karl August Nicander]], Swedish poet (d. [[1839]])
* [[March 28]] - [[Karl Adolph von Basedow]], a [[Germans|German]][[ physician]], famous for reporting the symptoms of [[Graves-Basedow disease.]] (d. [[1854]])
* [[March 29]] - [[Edward Smith-Stanley, 14th Earl of Derby]], [[Prime Minister of the United Kingdom]] (d. [[1869]])
* [[April 12]] - [[Henri Druey]], Swiss Federal Councilor (d. [[1855]])
* [[April 17]] - [[Eliza Acton]], English cookery writer (d. [[1859]])
* [[May 13]] - [[Catherine Gore]], English author (d. [[1861]])
* [[May 20]]- [[Honoré de Balzac]], French author (d. [[1850]])
* [[May 21]] - [[Mary Anning]], British paleontologist (d. [[1847]])
* [[June 6]] - [[Aleksandr Pushkin]], Russian author (d. [[1837]])
* [[June 18]] - [[Prosper Meniere|Prosper Ménière]], French physician (d. [[1862]])
* [[July 4]] - King [[Oscar I of Sweden]] and Norway (d. [[1859]])
* [[September 8]] - [[James Bowman Lindsay]], Scottish inventor (d. [[1862]])
* [[September 10]] - [[George Willison Adams]], American abolitionist (d. [[1879]])
* [[November 1]] - [[Thomas Baldwin Marsh]], American religious leader (d. [[1866]])
* [[December 30]] - [[David Douglas]], Scottish botanist (d. [[1834]])
*''date unknown''
**[[Alexei Lvov]], Russian composer (d. [[1870]])
**[[Patrick MacDowell]], Irish sculptor (d. [[1870]])
**[[James Townsend Saward]], English barrister and forger
**[[John Brown Russwurm]], American abolitionist (d. [[1851]])
==Deaths==
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*[[January 9]] - [[Maria Gaetana Agnesi]], Italian mathematician (b. [[1718]])
*[[January 26]] - [[Gabriel Christie (general)|Gabriel Christie]], British general (b. [[1722]])
*[[February 6]] - [[Etienne-Louis Boullee|Étienne-Louis Boullée]], French architect (b. [[1728]])
*[[February 7]] - [[Qianlong Emperor of China]] (b. [[1711]])
*[[February 19]] - [[Jean-Charles de Borda]], French mathematician, physicist, political scientist, and sailor (b. [[1733]])
*[[March 22]] - [[Roddy McCorley]], Irish republican
*[[May 4]] - [[Tipu Sultan]], Indian ruler (b. [[1750]])
*[[May 19]] - [[Pierre Beaumarchais]], French writer (b. [[1732]])
*[[May 26]] - [[James Burnett, Lord Monboddo]], Scottish judge (b. [[1714]])
*[[May 31]] - [[Pierre Charles Le Monnier]], French astronomer (b. [[1715]])
*[[June 6]] - [[Patrick Henry]], American revolutionary politician (b. [[1736]])
*[[August 2]] - [[Montgolfier brothers|Jacques Étienne Montgolfier]], French inventor (b. [[1744]])
*[[August 4]] - [[John Bacon]], British sculptor (b. [[1740]])
*[[August 5]] - [[Richard Howe]], British admiral (b. [[1726]])
*[[August 29]] - [[Pope Pius VI]] (b. [[1717]])
*[[August 31]] - [[Nicolas-Henri Jardin]], French architect (b. [[1720]])
*[[September 7]] - [[Louis Guillaume Lemonnier]], French botanist (b. [[1717]])
*[[October 6]] - [[William Withering]], British physician (b. [[1741]])
*[[October 24]] - [[Carl Ditters von Dittersdorf]], Austrian composer (b. [[1739]])
*[[December 14]] - [[George Washington]], first [[President of the United States]] (b. [[1732]])
*[[December 18]] - [[Jean-Étienne Montucla]], French mathematician (b. [[1725]])
*[[December 31]] - [[Jean-François Marmontel]], French historian and writer (b. [[1723]])
{{commonscat}}
== Notes ==
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