17th century
34569
224012845
2008-07-06T22:54:22Z
Modernist
1653549
/* 1600s */ m
{{Centurybox}}
As a means of recording the passage of [[time]], the '''17th Century''' was that [[century]] which lasted from [[1601]]-[[1700]] in the [[Gregorian calendar]].
The 17th Century falls into the [[Early Modern]] period of Europe and was characterized by the [[Baroque]] cultural movement, the French ''Grand Siècle'' dominated by [[Louis XIV]], and the [[Scientific Revolution|beginning of modern science and philosophy]], including the contributions of [[Galileo Galilei]], [[René Descartes]], [[Blaise Pascal]], [[Isaac Newton]]; Europe was torn by warfare throughout the century, by the [[Thirty Years' War]],<ref name"TYW-WNEC">{{cite web|url=http://mars.wnec.edu/~grempel/courses/wc2/lectures/30yearswar.html|title=The Thirty-Years-War
|publisher=Western New England College|accessdate=2008-05-24}}</ref> the [[Great Turkish War]], the end of the [[Dutch Revolt]] and the [[English Civil War]] among others, while [[European colonization of the Americas]] began in earnest.
[[Image:Tokugawa 1.jpg|thumb|240px|[[Shogun]] [[Tokugawa Ieyasu]] is the founder of [[Japan|Japan's]] last shogunate, which lasted well into the [[19th century]].]]
In the east, the 17th Century saw the flowering of the [[Ottoman Empire|Ottoman]], [[Safavid]] and [[Mughal]] empires, the beginning of the [[Edo period]] in feudal Japan, and the violent transition from the [[Ming Dynasty|Ming]] to the [[Qing Dynasty]] in China.
== Events ==
=== [[1600s]] ===
*[[Image:Albrecht Wallenstein.jpeg|thumb|200px|Catholic general [[Albrecht von Wallenstein]].]]
* [[1601]]: [[Battle of Kinsale]], one of the most important battles in Irish history, fought.
* [[1602]]: [[Dutch East India Company]] founded. Its success contributes to the [[Dutch Golden Age]].
* [[1603]]: [[Elizabeth I of England]] dies and is succeeded by her cousin King [[James VI of Scotland]], uniting the crowns of [[Scotland]] and [[England]].
[[Image:JamesIEngland.jpg|thumb|right|200px|[[James I of England|James I of England and VI of Scotland]].]]
* [[1603]]: [[Tokugawa Ieyasu]] seizes control of [[Japan]] and establishes the [[Tokugawa Shogunate]] which rules the country until [[1868]].
* [[1603]]-[[1623|23]]: After modernizing his army, [[Abbas I of Safavid|Abbas I]] expands the [[Safavid]] Empire by capturing territory from the [[Ottoman Empire|Ottomans]] and the [[Portuguese Empire|Portuguese]].
* [[1605]]: [[Gunpowder Plot]] failed in [[England]].
* [[1606]]: The [[Long War (Ottoman wars)|Long War]] between the [[Ottoman Empire]] and [[Habsburg Monarchy|Austria]] is ended with the [[Peace of Zsitvatorok]].
* [[1606]]: Captain [[Willem Janszoon]] and his crew aboard the Dutch East India Company ship [[Duyfken]] becomes the first recorded Europeans to sight and make landfall in [[Australia]].
* [[1607]]: [[Jamestown, Virginia]], is settled as what would become the first permanent [[England|English]] colony in [[North America]].
* [[1608]]: [[Quebec City]] founded by [[Samuel de Champlain]] in [[New France]] (present-day [[Canada]]).
* [[1609]]: The [[Netherlands]] and [[Spanish Empire|Spain]] agree to a [[Twelve Years' Truce]] in the [[Eighty Years' War]].
* [[1609]]: Pedro de Peralta, a later [[Spanish governors of New Mexico|governor of New Mexico]], establishes the settlement of [[Santa Fe, New Mexico|Santa Fe]].
* [[1609]]: [[Maximilian I, Elector of Bavaria|Maximilian of Bavaria]] establishes the [[Catholic League (German)|Catholic League]].
=== [[1610s]] ===
* [[1613]]: The [[Time of Troubles]] in [[Russia]] ends with the establishment of the [[Romanov|House of Romanov]] which rules until [[1917]].
* [[1613]]-[[1617]]: [[Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth]] is invaded by the [[Crimean Khanate|Tatars]] dozens of times.<ref>[http://www.allempires.com/article/index.php?q=The_Crimean_Khanate The Tatar Khanate of Crimea]</ref>
* [[1616]]: - The last remaining [[Morisco]]s (Moors who had nominally converted to Christianity) in the [[Spain]] are expelled.
* [[1618]]: The [[Thirty Years' War#The Bohemian Revolt|Bohemian Revolt]] precipitates the [[Thirty Years' War]] which devastates [[Europe]] in the years [[1618]]-[[1648|48]].
* [[1618]]: The [[Manchu]]s start invading China. Their [[Manchu conquest|conquest]] eventually topples the [[Ming Dynasty]].
=== [[1620s]] ===
[[Image:The_Nightwatch_by_Rembrandt.jpg|thumbnail|230px|''[[Night Watch (painting)|The Night Watch]]'' or ''The Militia Company of Captain Frans Banning Cocq'', 1642. Oil on canvas; on display at the Rijksmuseum, Amsterdam.]]
* [[1620]]: [[Ferdinand II, Holy Roman Emperor|Emperor Ferdinand II]] defeats the Bohemian rebels in the [[Battle of White Mountain]].
* [[1620]]: The [[Puritan]] [[Pilgrims]] arrive in the [[Mayflower]] at [[Plymouth Rock]], [[Cape Cod]].
* [[1620]]-[[1621]]: [[Polish-Ottoman War (1620–1621)|Polish-Ottoman War]] over [[Moldavia]].
* [[1622]]: [[Jamestown massacre]]: [[Algonquian]] natives kill 347 [[England|English]] settlers outside [[Jamestown, Virginia]] (1/3 of the colony's population) and burn the [[Henricus]] settlement.
* [[1624]]-[[1642|42]]: As chief minister, [[Armand Jean du Plessis, Cardinal Richelieu|Cardinal Richelieu]] centralizes power in France.
* [[1625]]: [[New Amsterdam]] founded by the [[Dutch West India Company]] in North America.
* [[1626]]: [[St. Peter's Basilica]] in the Vatican completed.
* [[1627]]: [[Armand Jean du Plessis, Cardinal Richelieu|Cardinal Richelieu]] lays siege to Protestant [[La Rochelle]] which eventually capitulates.
* [[1629]]: [[Armand Jean du Plessis, Cardinal Richelieu|Cardinal Richelieu]] allies with Swedish Protestant forces in the [[Thirty Years' War]] to counter [[Ferdinand II, Holy Roman Emperor|Ferdinand II's]] expansion.
=== [[1630s]] ===
* [[1632]]: [[Battle of Lützen (1632)|Battle of Lützen]], death of king of [[Swedish Empire|Sweden]] [[Gustav II Adolf]].
* [[1633]]: [[Galileo Galilei]] arrives in [[Rome]] for his trial before the [[Inquisition]].
* [[1634]]: [[Battle of Nördlingen (1634)|Battle of Nördlingen]] results in Catholic victory.
* [[1636]]: [[Harvard University| Harvard University]] is founded in Cambridge, Massachusetts.
* [[1639]]: Naval [[Battle of the Downs]] - [[Republic of the United Provinces]] fleet decisevely defeats a [[Spain|Spanish]] fleet in English waters.
* [[1639]]-[[1651|51]]: [[Wars of the Three Kingdoms]], civil wars throughout [[Scotland]], [[Ireland]], and [[English Civil War|England]].
=== [[1640s]] ===
[[Image:Miyamoto Musashi Painting.jpg|thumb|right|180px|[[Utagawa Kuniyoshi]], [[Miyamoto Musashi]] having his fortune told. Print c.1847-1853]]
* [[1640]]: King Charles was compelled to summon Parliament due to the revolt of the Scots.
* [[1640]]-[[1668|68]]: The [[Portuguese Restoration War]] led to the end of the [[Iberian Union]].
* [[1640]]: [[Torture]] is outlawed in [[England]].
* [[1641]]: The [[Tokugawa Shogunate]] institutes [[Sakoku]]- foreigners are expelled and no one is allowed to enter or leave Japan.
* [[1641]]: The [[Irish Rebellion of 1641|Irish Rebellion]].
* [[1642]]: Dutch explorer [[Abel Janszoon Tasman]] achieves the first recorded European sighting of [[New Zealand]].
* [[1642]]-[[1649|49]]: Civil War in England; Charles I is beheaded by Cromwell
* [[1644]]: The [[Manchu]] conquer [[China]] ending the [[Ming Dynasty]]. The subsequent [[Qing Dynasty]] rules until [[1912]].
* [[1644]]-[[1674]]: The [[Mauritanian Thirty-Year War]].
* [[1645]]: The death of [[Miyamoto Musashi]], legendary Japanese Samurai warrior of natural causes.
* [[1647]]-[[1652]]: The [[Great Plague of Seville]].
[[Image:Europe map 1648.PNG|thumb|240px|Map of Europe in 1648 at the end of the [[Thirty Years' War]].]]
* [[1648]]: The [[Peace of Westphalia]] ends the [[Thirty Years' War]] and the [[Eighty Years' War]] and marks the ends of [[Spain]] and the [[Holy Roman Empire]] as major European powers.
* [[1648]]-[[1653|53]]: [[Fronde]] [[civil war]] in France.
* [[1648]]-[[1667|67]]: [[The Deluge (Polish history)|The Deluge]] wars leave [[Poland]] in ruins.
* [[1648]]-[[1669|69]]: The [[Ottoman Empire|Ottomans]] capture [[Crete]] from the [[Republic of Venice|Venetians]] after the [[Siege of Candia]].
* [[1649]]-[[1653]]: The [[Cromwellian conquest of Ireland]].
=== [[1650s]] ===
* [[1652]]: [[Cape Town]] founded by the Dutch East India Company in [[South Africa]].
* [[1652]]: [[Anglo-Dutch Wars]] begin.
* [[1655]]-[[1661|61]]: The [[Northern Wars]] cement [[Swedish Empire|Sweden's]] rise as a [[Rise of Sweden as a Great Power|Great Power]].
* [[1648]]: After his father [[Shah Jahan]] completes the [[Taj Mahal]], his son [[Aurangzeb]] deposes him as ruler of the [[Mughal Empire]].
=== [[1660s]] ===
* [[1660]]: The [[Commonwealth of England]] ends and the monarchy is brought back during the [[English Restoration]].
* [[1660]]: [[Royal Society of London for the Improvement of Natural Knowledge]] founded.
* [[1661]]: The reign of the [[Kangxi Emperor]] of China begins.
[[Image:IV Mehmet.jpg|thumb|right|170px|Sultan [[Mehmed IV]]]]
* [[1662]]: [[Koxinga]] captures [[Taiwan]] from the [[Netherlands|Dutch]] and founds the [[Kingdom of Tungning]] which rules until 1683.
*[[1662]]: [[Jacques Aymar-Vernay]], who later reintroduced [[Dowsing]] into popular use in [[Europe]], is born.
* [[1663]]: France takes full political and military [[Royal Takeover|control]] over its colonial possessions in [[New France]]. Hooke's microscope discovers cells
* [[1664]]: British troops capture New Amsterdam and rename it [[New York City|New York]].
* [[1665]]: The [[Great Plague of London]].
* [[1665]]: [[Portuguese Empire|Portugal]] defeats the [[Kongo Empire]].
* [[1666]]: The [[Great Fire of London]].
* [[1667]]-[[1699|99]]: The [[Great Turkish War]] halts the [[Ottoman Empire]]'s expansion into Europe.
* [[1668]]- Peace [[Treaty of Lisbon (1668)|Treaty of Lisbon]] between Spain and Portugal recognizes Portugal as independent country.
=== [[1670s]] ===
* [[1670]]: The [[Hudson's Bay Company]] is founded in [[Canada]].
* [[1672]]-[[1676]]: [[Polish-Ottoman War (1672-1676)|Polish-Ottoman War]]
* [[1672]]: [[Rampjaar]] in the Netherlands - Combined attack by [[France]], [[England]] and two [[Germany|German]] states on the [[Republic of the United Provinces]]
* [[1672]]: Lynching of [[Johan de Witt]] and his brother [[Cornelis de Witt]] in [[the Hague]] - [[William III of Orange]] takes power.
* [[1672]]-[[1678|78]]: [[Franco-Dutch War]]
* [[1674]]: [[Maratha Empire]] founded in [[India]] by [[Shivaji]].
* [[1676]]: Russia and the [[Ottoman Empire]] commence the [[Russo-Turkish War (1676–1681)|Russo-Turkish Wars]].
=== [[1680s]] ===
* [[1680]]: The [[Pueblo Revolt]] drives the Spanish out of [[New Mexico]] until 1692.
* [[1682]]: [[Peter I of Russia|Peter the Great]] becomes joint ruler of [[Russia]] (sole [[tsar]] in [[1696]]).
* [[1682]]: [[René Robert Cavelier, Sieur de La Salle|La Salle]] explores the length of the [[Mississippi River]] and claims [[Louisiana]] for France.
* [[1683]]: [[China]] conquers the [[Kingdom of Tungning]] and annexes [[Taiwan]].
[[Image:Taniec tatarski.jpg|thumb|right|240px|[[Crimean Khanate|Crimean Tatar]] soldier fighting with the soldier of the [[Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth]]. Europe's [[Wild Fields|steppe frontier]] was in a state of semi-permanent warfare until the 18th century.]]
* [[1683]]: The [[Battle of Vienna]] finishes the [[Ottoman Empire]]'s hegemony in south-eastern Europe.
* [[1685]]: [[Edict of Fontainebleau]] outlaws [[Protestantism]] in France. King Charles II dies
* [[1687]]: [[Isaac Newton]] publishes ''[[Philosophiae Naturalis Principia Mathematica]]''.
* [[1688]]-[[1689|89]]: After the [[Glorious Revolution]], England becomes a [[constitutional monarchy]] and the [[Dutch Republic]] goes into decline.
* [[1688]]-[[1697|97]]: The [[Grand Alliance]] sought to stop French expansion during the [[Nine Years War]].
* [[1689]]: The [[Treaty of Nerchinsk]] established a border between [[Russia]] and [[China]].
* [[1689]]: The [[Battle of Killiecrankie]] is fought between [[Jacobite]] and [[Williamite]] forces in Highland [[Perthshire]]
=== [[1690s]] ===
* [[1692]]: [[Salem witch trials]] in [[Massachusetts Bay Colony|Massachusetts]].
* [[1693]]-[[1694]]: [[Famine]] in [[France]] kills 2 million.
* [[1696]]-[[1697]]: [[List of famines|Famine]] in [[Finland]] wipes out almost a third of the population.
==Significant people==
{{see also|English Restoration|}}
[[Image:AnnaofAustria01.jpg|thumb|right|180px|[[Peter Paul Rubens]], ''[[Anne of Austria]], Queen of France, mother of [[King Louis XIV]],'' 1622-1625]]
* [[Anne of Austria]], Queen consort and regent of France ([[1601]] - [[1666]])
* [[Gustavus Adolphus of Sweden|Gustavus Adolphus]], [[Monarch of Sweden|King of Sweden]] ([[1594]]-[[1632]])
* [[Françoise-Athénaïs, marquise de Montespan]], lover of [[Louis XIV]] ([[1641]] - [[1707]])
* [[Françoise d'Aubigné, Marquise de Maintenon]], second wife of [[Louis XIV]] ([[1635]] - [[1719]])
[[Image:Johann Sebastian Bach.jpg|thumb|right|180px|[[Elias Gottlieb Haussmann]], ''[[Johann Sebastian Bach]],'' 1748]]
* [[Guru Teg Bahadur]], 9th Sikh Guru ([[1621]] - [[1675]])
* [[Gabriel Bethlen]], Hungarian prince of Transylvania ([[1580]]-[[1629]])
* [[Shivaji|Shivaji Bhonsle]], Hindu king, 1st Maratha ruler, established Hindavi Swaraj ([[1630]]-[[1680]])
* Queen [[Christina of Sweden]], high profile Catholic convert, matron of arts ([[1626]] - [[1689]])
* [[Charles I of England]] ([[1600]] - [[1649]])
* [[Charles II of England]] ([[1630]] - [[1685]])
* [[Oliver Cromwell]], [[Lord Protector]] of [[England]], [[Scotland]] and [[Ireland]] ([[1599]] - [[1658]])
* [[Richard Cromwell]], [[Lord Protector]] of [[England]], [[Scotland]] and [[Ireland]] ([[1626]] - [[1712]])
* [[Elizabeth I of England]] ([[1533]] - [[1603]])
[[Image:Galileo.arp.300pix.jpg|right|thumb|180px|[[Galileo Galilei]] is often referred to as the Father of Modern [[Astronomy]].]]
* [[Tokugawa Ieyasu]], The founder and first [[shogun]] of the [[Tokugawa shogunate]] of [[Japan]], ([[1543]] - [[1616]])
* [[James I of England]] ([[1566]] - [[1625]])
* [[James II of England]] ([[1633]] - [[1701]])
[[Image:Antoni van Leeuwenhoek.png|thumb|180px|right|[[Antonie van Leeuwenhoek]], the first person to use a [[microscope]] to view bacteria ]]
* [[Leopold I, Holy Roman Emperor|Leopold I]], [[Holy Roman Emperor]] ([[1640]] - [[1705]])
* [[Louis XIV of France|Louis XIV]], King of France ([[1638]] - [[1715]])
* [[Mary II of England]] ([[1662]] - [[1694]])
* [[Cardinal Mazarin]], French cardinal and politician of Italian origin ([[1602]] - [[1661]])
[[Image:P03jigazou.jpg|thumb|right|180px|[[Miyamoto Musashi]], ''[[Self-portrait]],'' [[Samurai]], writer and artist, c. 1640]]
[[Image:GodfreyKneller-IsaacNewton-1689.jpg|thumb|180px|[[Sir Isaac Newton]] at 46 in [[Godfrey Kneller]]'s 1689 portrait.]]
* [[André Le Nôtre]], French landscape architect ([[1613]] - [[1700]])
* [[Peter I of Russia|Peter the Great]], Russian tsar ([[1672]] - [[1725]])
* [[Philip IV of Spain]], Spanish king ([[1605]] - [[1665]])
* [[Popé]], Tewa religious leader, led the [[Pueblo Revolt]] (ca. [[1630]] - ca. [[1688]])
* [[Samarth Ramdas]], Hindu saint ([[1608]] - [[1681]])
* [[Cardinal Richelieu]], French cardinal, duke, and politician ([[1585]] - [[1642]])
[[Image:Rembrandt Harmensz. van Rijn 132.jpg|thumb|180px|Self portrait by [[Rembrandt]], c. 1655.]]
* [[Michiel de Ruyter]], Dutch admiral ([[1607]] - [[1676]])
* [[John III Sobieski, King of Poland|Jan III Sobieski]], King of Poland ([[1629]] - [[1696]])
* [[Tessouat]], Chief of the [[Algonquin]]
* [[Imre Thököly]], prince of Transylvania, leader of the anti-Habsburg uprising in [[Hungary]] ([[1657]] - [[1705]])
* [[Sant Tukaram]], Hindu saint ([[1600]] - [[1650]])
* [[Albrecht von Wallenstein]], Catholic German general in the [[Thirty Years' War]] ([[1583]] - [[1634]])
* [[William III of England]] ([[1650]] - [[1702]]), [[Stadtholder]] of the main provinces of the [[Republic of the United Provinces]] and [[King of England]]
* [[Johan de Witt]], [[Grand Pensionary]] of the [[Republic of the United Provinces]] - [[1625]] - [[1672]]
[[Image:Zurbaranselfportrait.jpg|thumb|right|180px|Probable [[self-portrait]] of [[Francisco Zurbarán]] as [[Saint Luke]], c. 1635-1640.<ref>[http://www.humanitiesweb.org/human.php?s=g&p=c&a=p&ID=1396 Saint Luke as a Painter before Christ on the Cross.] Humanities Web. Retrieved 30 September, 2007.</ref>]]
===Musicians and Composers===
{{see also|List of Baroque composers}}
* [[Johann Christoph Bach]], Composer and great-uncle of the genius, ([[1642]]–[[1703]])
* [[Johann Sebastian Bach]], German composer of genius([[1685]]-[[1750]])
* [[Georg Friedrich Handel]], German Composer ([[1685]]-[[1759]])
* [[Jean-Baptiste Lully]], Italian-born French composer ([[1632]] - [[1687]])
* [[Claudio Monteverdi]], Italian composer of Renaissance and Baroque music, and possibly the first opera ever ([[1567]] - [[1643]])
* [[Johann Pachelbel]] ([[1653]]–[[1706]]), German composer
* [[Henry Purcell]], English composer ([[1659]] - [[1695]])
* [[Monsieur de Sainte-Colombe]], French composer and the subject of a 1991 film ''[[Tous les matins du monde]]'' (c. [[1640]] - [[1700]])
*[[Antonio Vivaldi]] Italian composer (four seasons concerti) ([[1678]]-[[1741]])
===Visual artists===
{{see also|Baroque painting|Baroque sculpture}}
* [[Gian Lorenzo Bernini]], Italian sculptor, architect ([[1598]] - [[1680]])
* [[Francesco Borromini]], Italian sculptor, architect ([[1599]]-[[1667]])
* [[Frans Hals]] ([[1580]]-[[1666]])
* [[Bartolomé Esteban Murillo]], Spanish painter ([[1617]] - [[1682]])
*[[José de Ribera]], ''Lo Spagnoletto'' (1591 - 1652)
* [[Rembrandt van Rijn]], Dutch painter ([[1606]] - [[1669]])
* [[Peter Paul Rubens]], Flemish painter, [[1577]] – [[1640]]
* [[Jan Steen]] ([[1626]]-[[1679]])
* [[Jacob Isaakszoon van Ruysdael|Ruisdael]] ([[1628]]-[[1682]])
* [[Jiang Tingxi]], Chinese painter, calligrapher, encyclopedist, foreign delegate to Japan ([[1669]] - [[1732]])
* [[Diego Rodríguez de Silva y Velázquez]], Spanish painter ([[1599]]-[[1660]])
* [[Johannes Vermeer]], Dutch Painter ([[1632]] - [[1675]])
*[[Francisco Zurbarán]], Spanish Painter (1598 - 1664)
===Literature===
{{see also|Elizabethan era|French literature of the 17th century}}
* [[Pedro Calderón de la Barca]], Spanish dramatist ([[1600]] - [[1681]])
* [[Miguel de Cervantes Saavedra]], Spanish author ([[1574]] - [[1616]])
* [[Pierre Corneille]], French dramatist ([[1606]] - [[1684]])
* [[Nicolas Boileau-Despréaux]], French poet and critic ([[1636]] - [[1711]])
* [[Daniel Defoe]], English writer, novelist ([[1659]] or [[1661]] - [[1731]])
* [[John Donne]], English [[Metaphysical Poetry|metaphysical poet]] ([[1572]] - [[1631]])
* [[John Dryden]], English poet, literary critic, translator, and playwright ([[1631]] - [[1700]])
* [[Jean de La Fontaine]], French poet ([[1621]] - [[1695]])
* [[Andreas Gryphius]], German poet and dramatist ([[1616]] - [[1664]])
* [[Ben Jonson]], English dramatist c.[[1572]] - [[1637]])
* [[John Milton]], English author and poet ([[1608]] - [[1674]])
* [[Molière]], French dramatist, actor, director ([[1622]] - [[1673]])
* [[Miyamoto Musashi]], famous [[Samurai]] warrior in [[Japan]], author of '[[The Book of Five Rings]],' a treatise on [[strategy]] and martial combat, poet, painter, ([[1584]] - [[1645]])
* [[Samuel Pepys]], English civil servant and diarist ([[1633]] - [[1703]])
* [[Francisco de Quevedo]], Spanish writer ([[1580]] - [[1645]])
* [[Jean Racine]], French dramatist ([[1639]] - [[1699]])
* [[William Shakespeare]], English author and poet ([[1564]] - [[1616]])
* [[Félix Lope de Vega]], Spanish playwrigth and poet ([[1562]] - [[1635]])
* [[John Wilmot, 2nd Earl of Rochester]], English poet ([[1647]] - [[1680]])
===Educators===
* [[Seathrún Céitinn]], Irish historian (ca. [[1569]] - ca. [[1644]])
* [[Dubhaltach MacFhirbhisigh]], Irish historian and genealogist (d.[[1671]])
* [[Xu Xiake]], Chinese geographer ([[1587]]-[[1641]])
* [[Song Yingxing]], Chinese encyclopedist ([[1587]]-[[1666]])
===Exploration===
{{see also|Exploration}}
* [[Samuel De Champlain]], French Explorer
* [[Evliya Çelebi]], Ottoman Explorer
* [[Henry Hudson]], ([[1570]]? – [[1611]]) was an [[England|English]] [[sea explorer]] and [[navigator]] in the early 17th century.
* [[Abel Janszoon Tasman]], Dutch seafarer and [[explorer]] ([[1603]] - [[1659]])
*[[Luis Váez de Torres]], (c.1565-1607), Portuguese or Spanish Explorer. 16th-17th century exploration of the Pacific for Spain.
===Science and Philosophy===
{{see also|Scientific Revolution|Age of Reason}}
* [[Francis Bacon (philosopher)|Francis Bacon]], English philosopher and politician ([[1561]]-[[1626]])
* Sir [[Thomas Browne]], English author, philosopher and scientist ([[1605]]-[[1682]])
* [[Ismaël Bullialdus]], French astronomer, ([[1605]]-[[1694]])
* [[Abraham Darby I]], English Ironmaster, Introduced the first coke-consuming blast furnace ([[1678]] – [[1717]])
* [[René Descartes]], French philosopher and mathematician ([[1596]] - [[1650]])
* [[Pierre de Fermat]], French lawyer and mathematician [[1601]] – [[1665]]
* [[Galileo Galilei]], Italian natural philosopher ([[1564]] - [[1642]])
* [[Pierre Gassendi]], ([[1592]] – [[1655]]), [[France|French]] [[philosopher]], [[Priesthood (Catholic Church)|priest]], [[scientist]], [[astronomer]]/[[astrologer]] [http://www.skepticreport.com/predictions/newton.htm], and [[mathematician]]
* [[William Harvey]], medical doctor ([[1578]] – [[1657]])
* [[Thomas Hobbes]], English philosopher and mathematician ([[1588]] - [[1679]])
* [[Christiaan Huygens]], Dutch mathematician, physicist and astronomer ([[1629]] - [[1695]])
* [[Johannes Kepler]], German astronomer ([[1571]] - [[1630]])
* [[Antonie van Leeuwenhoek]], the first person to use a [[microscope]] to view bacteria ([[1632]] - [[1723]])
* [[Gottfried Leibniz]], German philosopher and mathematician ([[1646]] - [[1716]])
* [[John Locke]], English philosopher ([[1632]] - [[1704]])
* [[Marin Mersenne]], ([[1588]] – [[1648]]), [[France|French]] [[theology|theologian]], [[philosopher]], [[mathematician]] and [[Music theory|music theorist]], referred to as the ''father of [[acoustics]].''
* [[Isaac Newton]], English physicist and mathematician ([[1642]] - [[1727]])
* [[Blaise Pascal]], French theologian, mathematician and physicist ([[1623]] - [[1662]]
* [[Baruch Spinoza]], Dutch philosopher ([[1632]] - [[1677]])
*Sir [[Anthony Weldon]] ([[1583]]-[[1648]]), [[English_people|English]] courtier and politician.
== Inventions, discoveries, introductions ==
[[Timeline of invention#17th century|List of 17th century inventions]]
[[Image:Johannes Kepler 1610.jpg|thumb|180px|[[Johannes Kepler]], 1610]]
Major changes in philosophy and science take place, often characterized as the [[Scientific revolution]].
* [[Banknote]]s reintroduced in Europe
* [[Ice cream]]
* [[Tea]] and [[Coffeehouse|coffee]] become popular in Europe.
* [[Banking|Central Banking]] in France and [[Finance|modern Finance]] by Scottish economist [[John Law (economist)|John Law]]
* [[1604]]: Supernova [[SN 1604]] is observed in the [[Milky Way]]
* [[1605]]: [[Johannes Kepler]] starts investigating [[Kepler's laws of planetary motion|elliptical orbits]] of planets
* [[1608]]: [[Hans Lippershey]] constructs a [[refracting telescope]], the first for which sufficient evidence exists
* [[1609]]: [[Johann Carolas]] of Germany publishes the 'Relation', the first newspaper
* [[1610]]: The [[Orion Nebula]] is identified by [[Nicolas de Peiresc]] of France
* [[1610]]: [[Galileo Galilei]] and [[Simon Marius]] observe [[Jupiter]]'s [[Galilean Moons|Galilean moons]]
* [[1611]]: [[King James Version|King James Bible]] or 'Authorized Version' first published
* c. [[1612]]: The first flintlock musket likely created for Louis XIII of France by gunsmith [[Marin de Bourgeoys]]
* [[1614]]: [[John Napier]] introduces the [[logarithm]] to simplify calculations
* [[1620]]: [[Cornelius Drebbei]], funded by [[James I of England|James I]] of [[England]], builds the first '[[submarine]]' made of wood and greased leather
[[Image:denis Papin.jpg|thumb|180px|[[Denis Papin]], best known for his pioneering invention of the [[steam digester]], the forerunner of the [[steam engine]].]]
* [[1623]]: The first English dictionary, 'English Dictionarie' is published by [[Henry Cockeram]], listing difficult words with definitions
* [[1628]]: [[William Harvey]] publishes and elucidates his earlier discovery of the [[Systemic circulation|circulatory system]]
* [[1637]]: Dutch Bible published
* [[1637]]: [[Teatro San Cassiano]], the first public opera house, opened in Venice
* [[1637]]: [[Pierre de Fermat]] formulates his so-called [[Fermat's Last Theorem|Last Theorem]], unsolved until 1995
* [[1637]]: Although Chinese [[naval mine]]s were earlier described in the 14th century ''[[Huolongjing]]'', the ''Tian Gong Kai Wu'' book of [[Ming Dynasty]] scholar [[Song Yingxing]] describes naval mines wrapped in a [[lacquer]] bag and ignited by an ambusher pulling a rip cord on the nearby shore that triggers a steel-wheel [[flint]] mechanism.
* [[1642]]: [[Blaise Pascal]] builds an early mechanical [[Pascal's calculator|calculator]] for addition and subtraction
* [[1642]]: [[Mezzotint]] engraving introduces grey tones to printed images
* [[1643]]: [[Evangelista Torricelli]] of [[Italy]] invents the mercury [[barometer]]
* [[1645]]: [[Giacomo Torelli]] of [[Venice]], [[Italy]] invents the first rotating stage
* [[1651]]: [[Giovanni Battista Riccioli|Giovanni Riccioli]] renames the [[Lunar mare]]
* [[1656]]: [[Christiaan Huygens]] describes the true shape of the [[rings of Saturn]]
* [[1657]]: [[Christiaan Huygens]] develops the first functional [[pendulum clock]] based on the learnings of [[Galileo Galilei]]
* [[1659]]: [[Christiaan Huygens]] first to observe surface details of [[Mars]]
[[Image:Gottfried Wilhelm von Leibniz.jpg|thumb|180px|[[Gottfried Wilhelm von Leibniz]], c.1700]]
* [[1663]]: The first reflecting [[telescope]] is built by [[James Gregory (astronomer and mathematician)|James Gregory]] based on suggestions of Italian astronomer [[Niccolo Zucchi]]
* c. [[1670]]: Monk [[Dom Pérignon (person)|Dom Perignon]] discovers [[Champagne (wine)|Champagne]] in [[France]]
* [[1676]]: [[Antoni van Leeuwenhoek]] discovers [[Bacteria]]
* [[1676]]: First measurement of the [[speed of light]]
* [[1679]]: [[Binary numeral system|Binary system]] developed by [[Gottfried Leibnitz]]
* [[1684]]: [[Calculus]] independently developed by both [[Gottfried Leibnitz]] and [[Sir Issac Newton]] and used to formulate [[classical mechanics]]
== References ==
<references/>
== Decades and years ==
{{DecadesAndYears}}
{{Centuries}}
[[Category:2nd millennium]]
[[Category:17th century| ]]
[[Category:Centuries]]
[[af:17de eeu]]
[[als:17. Jahrhundert]]
[[ar:قرن 17]]
[[an:Sieglo XVII]]
[[ast:Sieglu XVII]]
[[az:XVII əsr]]
[[be:17 стагоддзе]]
[[be-x-old:17 стагодзьдзе]]
[[bs:17. vijek]]
[[br:XVIIvet kantved]]
[[bg:17 век]]
[[ca:Segle XVII]]
[[cv:XVII ĕмĕр]]
[[cs:17. století]]
[[cy:17eg ganrif]]
[[da:17. århundrede]]
[[de:17. Jahrhundert]]
[[et:17. sajand]]
[[el:17ος αιώνας]]
[[es:Siglo XVII]]
[[eo:17-a jarcento]]
[[eu:XVII. mendea]]
[[fa:سده ۱۷ (میلادی)]]
[[fo:17. øld]]
[[fr:XVIIe siècle]]
[[fy:17e ieu]]
[[ga:17ú haois]]
[[gan:17世紀]]
[[gv:17oo eash]]
[[gd:17mh Linn]]
[[gl:Século XVII]]
[[ko:17세기]]
[[hy:17-րդ դար]]
[[hr:17. stoljeće]]
[[io:17ma yar-cento]]
[[id:Abad ke-17]]
[[os:XVII æнус]]
[[is:17. öldin]]
[[it:XVII secolo]]
[[he:המאה ה-17]]
[[jv:Abad kaping-17]]
[[ka:XVII საუკუნე]]
[[kk:17 ғ.]]
[[kw:17ves kansblydhen]]
[[ku:Sedsala 17'an]]
[[la:Saeculum 17]]
[[lv:17. gadsimts]]
[[lb:17. Joerhonnert]]
[[lt:XVII amžius]]
[[lij:XVII secolo]]
[[li:Zeventiende iew]]
[[hu:17. század]]
[[mk:17 век]]
[[mt:Seklu XVII]]
[[mi:Rautau 17]]
[[mr:इ.स.चे १७ वे शतक]]
[[ms:Abad ke-17]]
[[nl:17e eeuw]]
[[nds-nl:17e eeuw]]
[[ja:17世紀]]
[[no:17. århundre]]
[[nn:1600-talet]]
[[nrm:XVIIe s.]]
[[nov:17esmi sekle]]
[[oc:Sègle XVII]]
[[uz:XVII asr]]
[[nds:17. Johrhunnert]]
[[pl:XVII wiek]]
[[pt:Século XVII]]
[[ksh:17. Joohunndot]]
[[ro:Secolul al XVII-lea]]
[[ru:XVII век]]
[[stq:17. Jierhunnert]]
[[sq:Shekulli XVII]]
[[scn:Sèculu XVII]]
[[simple:17th century]]
[[sk:17. storočie]]
[[sl:17. stoletje]]
[[sr:17. век]]
[[sh:17. vijek]]
[[su:Abad ka-17]]
[[fi:1600-luku]]
[[sv:1600-talet]]
[[ta:17ம் நூற்றாண்டு]]
[[th:คริสต์ศตวรรษที่ 17]]
[[vi:Thế kỷ 17]]
[[tr:17. yüzyıl]]
[[uk:17 століття]]
[[vec:XVII secoło]]
[[fiu-vro:17. aastagasada]]
[[wa:17inme sieke]]
[[yi:17טער י"ה]]
[[bat-smg:XVII omžios]]
[[zh:17世纪]]