1819
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224574689
2008-07-09T14:09:06Z
Bpkerie
7447450
/* Events of 1819 */ One cross referencing
{{year nav|1819}}
{{C19YearInTopicX}}
Year '''1819''' ('''[[Roman numerals|MDCCCXIX]]''') was a [[common year starting on Friday]] (link will display the full calendar) in the [[Gregorian Calendar]] (or a [[common year starting on Wednesday]] of the 12-day slower [[Julian calendar]]).
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==Events of 1819==
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*[[January 2]] - The [[Panic of 1819]] begins - the first major [[financial crisis]] in the [[United States]]
* [[January 17]] - [[Simón Bolívar]] proclaims the [[Republic of Gran Colombia]].
* [[January 25]] - [[Thomas Jefferson]] founds the [[University of Virginia]].
* [[January 29]] - Sir [[Stamford Raffles]] lands on the island of [[Singapore]].
* [[February 6]] - Formal treaty between [[Hussein Shah of Johor]] and the British Sir [[Thomas Stamford Raffles]] establishes a trading settlement in [[Singapore]].
* [[February 15]] - The [[United States House of Representatives]] agrees to the Tallmadge Amendment barring slaves from the new state of Missouri, the opening vote in a controversy that leads to the [[Missouri Compromise]].
* [[February 22]] - [[Spain]] cedes [[Florida]] to the [[United States]]. (see [[Adams-Onís Treaty]])
* [[March 1]] - [[United States|U.S.]] naval vessel [[USS Columbus (1819)|USS Columbus]] is launched in Washington, DC.
* [[March 6]] - A decision is reached in the [[McCulloch v. Maryland]] case.
* [[March 20]] – [[Burlington Arcade]] opened in London.
* [[May 22]] - The [[SS Savannah|SS ''Savannah'']] leaves port at [[Savannah, Georgia]] on a voyage to become the first [[steamship]] to cross the [[Atlantic Ocean]]. The ship will arrive at [[Liverpool, England]] on [[June 20]].
* [[August 6]] - [[Norwich University]] founded by Captain [[Alden Partridge]] in [[Vermont]] as the first private military school in the [[United States of America|United States]].
* [[August 7]] - [[Simón Bolívar]] is victorious in the [[Battle of Boyacá]] in [[Colombia]].
* [[August 16]] - [[Peterloo Massacre]] in [[Manchester]], [[United Kingdom|UK]]. Cavalry charge into a crowd of protesters results in 11 deaths and over 400 injuries.
* [[December 14]] - [[Alabama]] is admitted as the 22nd [[U.S. state]].
* [[Cuba]] - Foundation of [[Cienfuegos City]]. At the beginning named Fernandina of Jagua
===Undated===
* [['Ai Noa]] in [[Hawaii]].
* [[Serfdom]] is abolished in [[Livonia]].
*[[Carlsbad Decree]] is issued.
==Births==
{{Year in other calendars|japanese=[[Bunsei]] 1 – 2}}
===January - June===
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*[[January 6]] - [[Baldassare Verazzi]], Italian painter (d. [[1886]])
*[[February 8]] - [[John Ruskin]], English writer, artist, and social critic (d. [[1900]])
*[[February 11]] - [[Samuel Parkman Tuckerman]], American composer (d. [[1890]])
*[[February 14]] - [[Joshua A. Norton]], self-proclaimed "[[Emperor]] of these [[United States]]" (d. [[1880]])
*[[February 20]] - [[Alfred Escher]], Swiss politician, railroad entrepreneur (d. [[1882]])
*[[February 22]] - [[James Russell Lowell]], American poet and essayist (d. [[1891]])
*[[March 3]] - [[Gustave de Molinari]], Belgian economist (d. [[1912]])
*[[March 14]] - [[Eric Edlund]], Swedish physicist and meteorologist † [[1888]]
*[[March 31]] - [[Prince Chlodwig zu Hohenlohe-Schillingsfürst]], [[Chancellor of Germany]] (d. [[1901]])
*[[April 4]] - Queen [[Maria II of Portugal]] (d. [[1853]])
*[[April 9]] - [[Annibale de Gasparis]], Italian astronomer (d. [[1892]])
*[[April 11]] - [[Charles Hallé]], German pianist and conductor (d. [[1895]])
*[[April 18]] - [[Franz von Suppé]], Austrian composer (d. [[1895]])
*[[April 28]] - [[Ezra Abbot]], American Biblical scholar (d. [[1884]])
*[[May 5]] - [[Stanisław Moniuszko]], Polish composer (d. [[1872]])
*[[May 24]] - [[Victoria of the United Kingdom|Queen Victoria]] of the United Kingdom (d. [[1901]])
*[[May 27]] - [[Julia Ward Howe]], American [[abolitionist]] and poet (d. [[1910]])
*[[May 31]] - [[Walt Whitman]], American poet (d. [[1892]])
*[[June 5]] - [[John Couch Adams]], English astronomer (d. [[1892]])
*[[June 10]] - [[Gustave Courbet]], French painter (d. [[1877]])
*[[June 20]] - [[Jacques Offenbach]], German-born composer (d. [[1880]])
*[[June 29]] - [[Nicolae Bălcescu]], Wallachian revolutionary (d. [[1852]])
===July - December=== <!-- BIRTHS -->
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*[[July 19]] - [[Gottfried Keller]], Swiss writer (d. [[1890]])
*[[August 1]]
**[[Richard Dadd]], British painter (d. [[1886]])
**[[Herman Melville]], American novelist (d. [[1891]])
*[[August 13]] - Sir [[George Gabriel Stokes]], Irish mathematician and physicist (d. [[1903]])
*[[August 25]] - [[Allan Pinkerton]], American detective (d. [[1884]])
*[[August 26]] - Prince [[Albert of Saxe-Coburg-Gotha]], Prince Consort to [[Victoria of the United Kingdom|Queen Victoria]] (d. [[1861]])
*[[September 7]] - [[Thomas A. Hendricks|Thomas Hendricks]], [[Vice President of the United States]] (d. [[1885]])
*[[September 13]] - [[Clara Schumann]], German composer and pianist (d. [[1896]])
*[[September 22]] - [[Wilhelm Wattenbach]], German historian (d. [[1897]])
*[[October 16]] - [[Austin F. Pike]], American politician from New Hampshire (d. [[1886]])
*[[October 20]] - The [[Báb]], Persian founder of the [[Bábís|Bábi Faith]] (d. [[1850]])
*[[November 22]] - [[George Eliot]], British novelist (d. [[1880]])
*[[December 30]] - [[Theodor Fontane]], German writer (d. [[1898]])
*[[Felice Orsini]], Italian revolutionary (d. [[1858]])
==Deaths==
===January - June===
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*[[January 9]] - Princess [[Catherine Pavlovna of Russia]], Queen of Württemberg (b. [[1788]])
*[[February 5]] - [[Nikolai Nikolev]], Russian poet and playwright (b. [[1758]])
*[[February 17]] - [[Henry Constantine Jennings]], British collector and gambler (b. [[1731]])
*[[February 25]] - [[Francisco Manoel de Nascimento]], poet (b. [[1734]])
*March - [[Nonosbawsut]], [[Beothuk]] leader
*[[March 10]] - [[Friedrich Heinrich Jacobi]], German philosopher (b. [[1743]])
*April - [[Franciszek Ksawery Branicki]], Polish nobleman (b. c. 1730)
*[[May 8]] - [[Kamehameha I]], King of Hawaii (b. [[1738]])
*[[May 22]] - [[Hugh Williamson]], American Founding Father (b. [[1735]])
*[[June 6]] - [[Johann von Hiller]], Austrian general (b. [[1754]])
===July - December=== <!-- DEATHS -->
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*[[July 1]] - [[Jemima Wilkinson]], American preacher (b. [[1754]])
*[[August 21]] - [[Haim Farkhi]], Jewish adviser to Ottoman Empire (assassinated) (b. [[1760]])
*[[August 23]] - [[Oliver Hazard Perry]], American naval officer (b. [[1785]])
*[[August 25]] - [[James Watt]], Scottish inventor (b. [[1736]])
*[[September 12]] - [[Gebhard Leberecht von Blücher]], Prussian general (b. [[1742]])
*[[September 20]] - [[Abbé Faria]], hypnotist (b. [[1746]])
*[[October 13]] - [[Imperial Concubine Chun]] of the [[Jiaqing Emperor]] of China
*[[December 5]] - [[Friedrich Leopold Graf zu Stolberg]], German poet (b. [[1750]])
*[[December 19]] - [[Thomas Fremantle (admiral)|Sir Thomas Fremantle]], English naval officer and politician (b. [[1765]])
*''date unknown'' - [[Mariano Osorio]], Governor of Chile (b. 1777)
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