1820 35522 225756849 2008-07-15T07:10:46Z VolkovBot 3035831 robot Adding: [[vo:1820]] {{year nav|1820}} {{C19YearInTopicX}} Year '''1820''' ('''[[Roman numerals|MDCCCXX]]''') was a [[leap year starting on Saturday]] (link will display the full calendar) of the [[Gregorian calendar]] (or a [[leap year starting on Thursday]] of the 12-day slower [[Julian calendar]]). <!-- 12-day span=Mon-Sat,Tue-Sun,Wed-Mon,Thu-Tue,Fr-We,Sa-Th,Sun-Fri --> == Events of 1820 == <!-- Link all dates, even if repeated, for date-format preferences. --> * [[January 1]] - Constitutionalist military insurrection at [[Cádiz]] leads to summoning of [[Spain|Spanish]] parliament ([[March 7]]) (See [[Mid-nineteenth century Spain]].) * [[January 28]] - [[Imperial Russia|Russia]]n expedition lead by [[Fabian Gottlieb von Bellingshausen]] and [[Mikhail Petrovich Lazarev]] approaches the [[Antarctica|Antarctic coast]]. (See [[History of Antarctica]].) * [[January 29]] - [[George IV of the United Kingdom]] ascends the throne, ending the period known as the [[British Regency]]. There will be a gap of twenty one years before the title [[Prince of Wales]] is next used. * [[January 30]] - [[Edward Bransfield]] lands on the [[Antarctica|Antarctic mainland]]. (See [[History of Antarctica]].) * [[February 6]] **<!--February 6-->[[Lord Thomas Cochrane]] occupies [[Valdivia (city)|Valdivia]] in name of the republic of [[Chile]]. **<!--February 6-->86 free [[African American]] colonists sail from [[New York City]] to [[Freetown, Sierra Leone]]. *[[February 8]] - [[William Tecumseh Sherman]] is born. * [[February 20]] - A revolt begins in [[Santa María Chiquimula]], [[Totonicapán Department|Totonicapán]] [[Departments of Guatemala|department]] of [[Guatemala]]. * [[February 23]] - The [[Cato Street conspiracy]] is exposed. The principals are executed on [[May 1]]. * [[March 3]] & [[March 6|6]] - [[Slavery]] in the [[United States]]: The [[Missouri Compromise]] becomes law. * [[March 9]] - King [[Ferdinand VII of Spain]] accepts the new constitution, beginning the Liberal Triennium ("Trienio Liberal"). * [[March 15]] - [[Maine]] is admitted as the 23rd [[U.S. state]]. * April **<!--April-->[[Hans Christian Ørsted]] discovers the relationship between [[electricity]] and [[magnetism]]. **<!--April-->[[Radical War]] is fought in [[Scotland]]. **<!--April-->Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints is founded. * [[May 1]] - Last [[Capital punishment in the United Kingdom|hanging drawing and quartering]] in [[United Kingdom|Britain]] &ndash; [[Cato Street Conspiracy|Cato Street conspirators]] for treason (only hanged and beheaded.) * [[May 11]] - Launch of [[HMS Beagle]] the ship that would later take young [[Charles Darwin]] on his scientific voyage. *July - [[Constitutionalist]] revolution in the [[Kingdom of the Two Sicilies]]. *[[July 20]] - [[Saint Cronan's Boys National School]] opens in [[Bray]], [[Co. Wicklow]], [[Republic of Ireland|Ireland]] under the title ''Bray Male School''. It is the oldest school in Bray and its notable past pupils include former [[President of Ireland]], [[Cearbhall Ó Dálaigh]] * [[August 24]] - [[Constitutionalist]] insurrection at [[Porto|Oporto]], [[Portugal]]; revolution in [[Lisbon]], [[September 15]] (see [[History of Portugal#Crises of the Nineteenth Century|Portugal's crises of the Nineteenth Century]].). * [[October 9]] - [[Guayaquil]] declare independence from [[Spain]]. (See also [[History of Ecuador]]). * [[October 25]]-[[November 20]] - [[Congress of Troppau]] ([[Opava]]) between rulers of [[Russia]], [[Austria]] and [[Prussia]]. * [[December 3]] - [[U.S. presidential election, 1820]] - [[James Monroe]] is re-elected, virtually unopposed. ===Undated=== * The 6th Edition of [[Encyclopædia Britannica]] appears. * The [[Argentine Confederation]] ([[Argentina]]) establishes a [[penal colony]] in [[Falkland Islands]]. * [[Venus de Milo]] is found on the island of [[Melos]] ''(Milos)''. * [[Robert Owen]] devises the [[labour voucher]]. * [[Mount Rainier]] erupts over what is today Seattle. * [[Joseph Smith, Jr.]] experiences his First Vision in spring in Palmyra, New York. *18,957 black slaves leave [[Luanda]]. ==Births== {{Year in other calendars|japanese=[[Bunsei]] 2 &ndash; 3}} ===January - June=== <!-- Link all dates, even if repeated, for date-format preferences. --> * [[January 10]] - [[Louisa Lane Drew]], actress and prominent theater manager, grandmother of the [[Barrymore family|Barrymores]] (d. [[1897]]) * [[January 17]] - [[Anne Brontë]], English author (d. [[1849]]) * [[February 1]] - [[George Hendric Houghton]], American Protestant Episcopal clergyman (d. [[1897]]) * [[February 8]] - [[William Tecumseh Sherman]], American Civil War general (d. [[1891]]) * [[February 13]] - [[James Geiss]], English businessman (d. [[1878]]) * [[February 15]] - [[Susan B. Anthony]], American suffragist (d. [[1906]]) * [[February 17]] - [[Henri Vieuxtemps]], Belgian violinist and composer (d. [[1881]]) * [[February 28]] - [[John Tenniel]], English illustrator (d. [[1914]]) * [[March 3]] - [[Henry D. Cogswell]], American philanthropist and [[temperance movement]] pioneer (d. [[1900]]) * [[March 4]] - [[Francesco Bentivegna]], Italian revolutionary (d. [[1856]]) * [[March 20]] - [[Alexandru Ioan Cuza]],First Romania's reigning (d. [[1873]]) * [[March 14]] - [[Victor Emmanuel II of Italy]] (d. [[1878]]) *[[April 27]] - [[Herbert Spencer]], English philosopher (d. [[1903]]). * [[May 12]] - [[Florence Nightingale]], English nurse (d. [[1910]]) * [[May 23]] - [[Lorenzo Sawyer]], 9th Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of California (d. [[1891]]) * [[May 27]] - [[Mathilde Bonaparte]], Italian princess (d. [[1904]]) ===July - December=== <!-- BIRTHS --> <!-- Link all dates, even if repeated, for date-format preferences. --> * [[July 9]] - [[John Wright Oakes]], Landscape [[painter]] (d. [[1887]]) * [[July 23]] - [[Julia Gardiner Tyler]], [[First Lady of the United States]] (d. [[1889]]) * [[September 17]] - [[Émile Augier]], French dramatist (d. [[1889]]) * [[September 27]] - [[Wilhelm Siegmund Teuffel]], German classical scholar (d. [[1878]]) * [[September 29]] - [[Comte de Chambord]], claimant to the French throne (d. [[1883]]) * [[October 5]] - [[David Wilber]], American politician (d. [[1890]]) * [[October 6]] - [[Jenny Lind]], Swedish soprano (d. [[1887]]) * [[November 23]] - [[Isaac Todhunter]], English mathematician (d. [[1884]]) * [[November 28]] - [[Friedrich Engels]], German social philosopher (d. [[1895]]) ==Deaths== ===January - June=== <!-- Link all dates, even if repeated, for date-format preferences. --> *[[January 17]] - [[Daniel Albert Wyttenbach]], academic (b. [[1746]]) * [[January 29]] - King [[George III of the United Kingdom]] (b. [[1738]]) *[[February 11]] - [[Karl von Fischer]], architect (b. [[1782]]) * [[February 14]] - [[Charles Ferdinand, Duke of Berry]] (stabbed) (b. [[1778]]) * [[March 22]] - [[Stephen Decatur]], American sailor (b. [[1779]]) * [[May 30]] - [[William Bradley (giant)|William Bradley]], Britain's tallest ever man (b. [[1787]]) *[[June 9]] - [[Wilhelmina of Prussia, Princess of Orange]] (b. [[1751]]) * [[June 19]] - Sir [[Joseph Banks]], British naturalist and botanist (b. [[1743]]) ===July - December=== <!-- DEATHS --> <!-- Link all dates, even if repeated, for date-format preferences. --> *[[August 12]] - [[Manuel Lisa]], fur trader (b. [[1772]]) * [[September 3]] - [[Benjamin Latrobe]], English architect (b. [[1764]]) * [[September 26]] - [[Daniel Boone]], American pioneer (b. [[1734]]) *[[September 29]] - [[Barthelemy Lafon]], architect and smuggler (b. [[1769]]) * [[October 15]] - [[Karl Philipp Fürst zu Schwarzenberg]], Austrian field marshal (b. [[1771]]) * [[December 25]] - [[Joseph Fouché]], French statesman (b. [[1763]]) *''date unknown'' - [[William Drennan]], Northern Irish poet (b. 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