1820 Settlers
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{{History of South Africa}}
[[Image:Eastern Frontier, Cape of Good Hope, ca 1835.png|left|250px|Map showing location of farms granted to the 1820 Settlers.]]
The '''1820 Settlers''' were several groups or parties of white, British colonists settled by the [[Kingdom of Great Britain|British]] government and the [[Cape Colony|Cape]] authorities in the [[South African]] [[Eastern Cape]] in [[1820]].
Many of the Settlers were very poor and encouraged to settle in an attempt by the Cape government to close, consolidate and defend the eastern frontier against the neighbouring [[Xhosa]] peoples, and to provide a boost to the English-speaking population. It was one of the largest stages of British settlement in Africa, forming the [[Anglo-African]] cultural hot spot [[Albany,_South Africa| Albany]], and thus a milestone in the forming of the [[Anglo-African]] people.
Approximately 4,000 Settlers arrived in the Cape in around 60 different parties between April and June 1820. The Settlers were granted farms near the village of [[Bathurst, Eastern Cape|Bathurst]] and supplied equipment and food against their deposits, but their lack of agricultural experience led many of them to abandon agriculture and withdraw to Bathurst and other settlements like [[Grahamstown]], [[East London, South Africa|East London]] and [[Port Elizabeth]], where they typically reverted to their trades.
A group of the 1820 settlers continued on to [[Natal]], home of the [[Zulu]] people. At the time, [[Shaka Zulu|King Shaka]] ruled the territory with highly-trained warriors. Leaders of the Natal settlers requested permission from Shaka to stay on the land. When the king witnessed the settlers' technological advances, permission was granted in return for access to firearm technology.<ref>[[#CITEREFNgubane1970|Ngubane 1963]], p.30</ref>
They are commemorated in Grahamstown by the [[1820 Settlers National Monument]], which opened in 1974. A living monument, it hosts plays, musical performances and cultural events.
==Notable 1820 Settlers==
* [[Richard Philip King|Dick King]]
* [[Henry Hare Dugmore]]
* [[Richard Gush]]
* [[Thomas Pringle]]
* [[Thomas Shone]]
== See also ==
* [[Anglo-African]]
* [[1820 Settlers National Monument]]
==References==
<references/>
==Citations==
*{{Citation|last=Ngubane|first=Jordan K.|author-link=Jordan Ngubane|title=An African Explains Apartheid|publisher=Frederick A. Praeger, Inc.|date=1963|place=Natal, South Africa|publication-place=New York, NY}}
* Mitford-Barberton, I., 1968. ''Some Frontier Families'', Cape Town: Human & Rousseau
* Rosenthal, E., 1978. ''Encyclopedia of Southern Africa'', Cape Town: Juta & Co.
* Powell, F. Whinchcombe, 1960. ''Hancock's Drift'', Pietermaritzburg: Private Publication
==External links==
* [http://www.foundation.org.za/monument/index.php Grahamstown Foundation and 1820 Settlers National Monument]
* [http://www.1820settlers.com/modules.php?name=association&file=contacts 1820 Settlers Association]
* [http://www.1820settlers.com 1820Settlers.com, a genealogy website]
[[Category:British Empire]]
[[Category:History of South Africa]]
[[af:1820-Setlaars]]
[[da:Nybyggerne i 1820]]
[[no:Nybyggerne i 1820]]