1822
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{{year nav|1822}}
{{C19YearInTopicX}}
Year '''1822 (MDCCCXXII)''' was a [[common year starting on Tuesday]] (see link for calendar) of the [[Gregorian calendar]] (or a [[common year starting on Sunday]] of the 12-day-slower [[Julian calendar]]).
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==Events of 1822==
===January - June===
[[Image:Lytras-nikiforos-pyrpolisi-tourkikis-navarhidas-apo-kanari.jpeg|thumb|100px|right|Destroy of ottoman flagship at [[Chios]] by Kanaris]]
* [[February 9]] - The [[invasion|invading]] [[Haiti|Haitian]] forces led by [[Jean Pierre Boyer]], arrive in [[Santo Domingo]], to overthrow the newly funded [[Dominican Republic|Republic]].
* [[May 24]] - [[Battle of Pichincha]]: [[Simón Bolívar]] secures the independence of [[Quito]].
* [[June 14]] - [[Charles Babbage]] proposes a [[Difference engine]].
===July - December===
* [[July 8]] - [[Chippewas]] turn over huge tract of land in [[Ontario]] to the [[United Kingdom]].
* [[July 13]] - [[Greek War of Independence]]: [[Greece|Greeks]] defeat [[Ottoman Empire|Ottoman]] forces at [[Thermopylae]].
* [[July 26]] - [[José de San Martín]] arrives in [[Guayaquil]], [[Ecuador]], to [[Guayaquil conference|meet]] with [[Simón Bolívar]].
* [[July 27]] - [[Simón Bolívar]] and [[general]] [[José de San Martín]] meet in [[Guayaquil]]. Bolívar later annexes [[Guayaquil]]. (See [[Guayaquil conference]])
[[Image:BabbageDifferenceEngine.jpg|thumb|250px|right| [[June 14]]: [[Charles Babbage|Babbage's]] [[Difference engine]].]]
* [[July 28]] - [[Independence Day]] in [[Peru]] (see [[History of Peru#Independence from Spain|History of Peru]]).
* [[July 31]] - Last public [[whipping]] in [[Edinburgh]].
* [[August 12]] - [[St David's College]] (now the [[University of Wales, Lampeter]]) founded by [[Bishop]] [[Thomas Burgess]].
* [[August 22]] - The [[England|English]] ship ''Orion'' landed at Yerba Buena, now named [[San Francisco]], under the command of [[William A. Richardson]]
* [[September 7]] - [[Brazil]] declares its independence from [[Portugal]] (see [[Empire of Brazil#Brazilian independence|Brazilian independence]]).
* [[September 16]] - [[George Canning]] appointed [[United Kingdom|British]] [[Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs]].
* [[September 22]] - [[Portugal]] approves its first Constitution.
* [[October 12]] - [[Peter I of Brazil]] declared constitutional [[emperor]] of the [[Empire of Brazil|Brazilian Empire]].
* [[October]]-[[December]] - [[Congress of Verona]] at which [[Russia]], [[Austria]] and [[Prussia]] approve [[France|French]] intervention in [[Spain]].
* [[November 13]] - [[Greek War of Independence]]: [[Nafplion]] falls to the [[Greece|Greek]] rebels.
* [[December 1]] - [[Peter I of Brazil|Peter I]] is crowned as [[Emperor]] of [[Brazil]] (see [[Empire of Brazil#The reign of Pedro I, 1822-31|The reign of Pedro I, 1822-31]].)
===Undated===
[[Image:Jean-Francois_Champollion 2.jpg|thumb|100px|right|Jean-François Champollion]]
* [[Egyptian hieroglyph|Hieroglyphs]] deciphered by [[Thomas Young (scientist)|Thomas Young]] and [[Jean-François Champollion]] using the [[Rosetta Stone]].
* [[Galileo Galilei]]'s [[Dialogue Concerning the Two Chief World Systems|''Dialogue'']] taken off the [[Index Librorum Prohibitorum]], the [[Roman Catholic Church]]'s list of banned books.
* [[Ashley's Hundred]] leave from [[St. Louis, Missouri|St. Louis]] setting off a major increase in [[fur trade]].
* An [[earthquake]] in [[Chile]] raises the coastal area.
* [[Coffee]] ban in [[Sweden]] abolished.
* [[United Kingdom|Britain]] repeals [[death penalty]] for over 100 crimes. (See [[Capital punishment in the United Kingdom]]).
* First group of freed slaves from [[United States|USA]] arrive to modern-day [[Liberia]] and founded [[Monrovia]]. (See [[History of Liberia]].)
* [[Graham Cracker]] developed in [[Bound Brook, New Jersey]] by [[Presbyterian]] minister [[Sylvester Graham|Rev. Sylvester Graham]].
* Gist Masion is built in [[Wellsburg]], [[West Virginia]], which some 100 years later is used for the [[Brooke Hills Spooktacular]].
==Births==
{{Year in other calendars|japanese=[[Bunsei]] 4 – 5}}
* [[January 2]] - [[Rudolf Clausius]], German physicist (d. [[1888]])
* [[January 6]] - [[Heinrich Schliemann]], German archaeologist (d. [[1890]])
* [[January 28]] - [[Alexander Mackenzie]], second [[Prime Minister of Canada]] (d. [[1892]])
* [[February 4]] - [[Edward Fitzgerald Beale]], American Navy Lieutenant and explorer
* [[February 16]] - Sir [[Francis Galton]], English explorer and biologist (d. [[1911]])
* [[March 4]] - [[Jules Antoine Lissajous]], French mathematician (d. [[1880]])
* [[April 3]] - [[Edward Everett Hale]], American writer (d. [[1909]])
* [[April 27]] - [[Ulysses S. Grant]], 18th [[President of the United States]] (d. [[1885]])
* [[May 20]] - [[Frédéric Passy]], French economist, recipient of the [[Nobel Peace Prize]] (d. [[1912]])
* [[May 26]] - [[Edmond de Goncourt]], French writer (d. [[1896]])
* [[June 10]] - [[John Jacob Astor III]], American businessman (d. [[1890]])
* [[July 18]] - [[Princess Augusta of Cambridge]] (d. [[1916]])
* [[July 20]] - [[Gregor Mendel]], Czech geneticist (d. [[1884]])
* [[October 4]] - [[Rutherford B. Hayes]], 19th President of the United States (d. [[1893]])
* [[December 10]] - [[César Franck]], Belgian composer and organist (d. [[1890]])
* [[December 24]] - [[Matthew Arnold]], English poet (d. [[1888]])
* [[December 27]] - [[Louis Pasteur]], French microbiologist and chemist (d. [[1895]])
: ''See also [[:Category: 1822 births]].''
==Deaths==
* [[July 8]] - [[Percy Bysshe Shelley]], English poet (b. [[1792]])
* [[August 12]] - [[Robert Stewart, Viscount Castlereagh]], British foreign secretary (suicide) (b. [[1769]])
* [[August 25]] - [[William Herschel]], German-born astronomer (b. [[1738]])
: ''See also [[:Category: 1822 deaths]].''
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