1838
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{{year nav|1838}}
{{C19YearInTopicX}}
Year '''1838''' ('''[[Roman numerals|MDCCCXXXVIII]]''') was a [[common year starting on Monday]] (link will display the full calendar) of the [[Gregorian Calendar]] (or a [[common year starting on Saturday]] of the 12-day slower [[Julian calendar]]).
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==Events of 1838==
===January - June===
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*[[January 10]] - A fire destroys [[Lloyd's Coffee House]] and the [[Royal Exchange (London)|Royal Exchange]] in [[London]].
*[[April 8]] - Regular Atlantic [[steamship]] service begins with the [[SS Great Western]].
* [[April 30]] - [[Nicaragua]] declares independence from the [[Central American Federation]] (See [[History of Nicaragua#Early history|Nicaragua's early history]])
* May - The [[Chartism|People's Charter]] drawn up in the [[United Kingdom]] demanding [[universal suffrage]].
* [[May 26]] - [[History of the United States|USA]]: [[Trail of Tears]] - forced relocation of the [[Cherokee]] tribe.
* [[November 3]] - [[The Bombay Times and Journal of Commerce]] is founded. This paper was later renamed to [[The Times of India]] in [[1861]]
* [[November 5]] - [[United Provinces of Central America#Dissolution of the Union|Central American Civil War]] begins with [[Honduras]]' separation from the [[Central American Federation]].
*December - Beginning of [[Pastry War]]: [[Mexico]] invaded by [[France|French]] forces
===Undated===
* [[Yucatan]] declares independence from Mexico
* [[Protein]]s discovered by [[Jöns Jakob Berzelius]]
* [[Friedrich Bessel]] makes the first accurate measurement of distance to a star.
* [[Biblical criticism]]: [[Christian Hermann Weisse]] proposes the [[two-source hypothesis]].
* [[Duke University]] is established in [[North Carolina]].
==Ongoing==
*[[War of the Confederation]] (1836-39)
*[[War of Tatters]] (1835-45)
==Births==
{{Year in other calendars|japanese=[[Tenpo|Tenpō]] 8 – 9}}
===January - June===
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* [[January 4]] - [[General Tom Thumb]], American circus performer and entertainer (d. [[1883]])
* [[January 6]] - [[Max Bruch]], German composer (d. [[1920]])
* [[January 16]] - [[Franz Brentano]], German philosopher and psychologist (d. [[1917]])
* [[February 6]] - [[Henry Irving]], English actor (d. [[1905]])
* [[February 10]] - [[Gustav Oelwein]], founder of [[Oelwein, Iowa]] (d. [[1913]])
* [[February 16]] - [[Henry Brooks Adams]], American historian (d. [[1918]])
* [[February 18]] - [[Ernst Mach]], Austrian physicist and philosopher (d. [[1916]])
* [[March 3]] - [[George William Hill]], American astronomer (d. [[1914]])
* [[March 11]] - [[Ōkuma Shigenobu]], Japanese politician (d. [[1922]])
* [[April 3]] - [[John Willis Menard]], African-American politician (d. [[1893]])
* [[April 8]] - [[Ferdinand von Zeppelin]], German inventor (d. [[1917]])
*[[April 12]] - [[John Shaw Billings]], M.D., American military and medical leader (d. [[1913]])
* [[April 16]] - [[Martha McClellan Brown]], American [[temperance movement]] leader (d. [[1916]])
*[[April 28]] - [[Tobias Michael Carel Asser]], Dutch jurist, recipient of the [[Nobel Peace Prize]] (d. [[1913]])
* [[April 21]] - [[John Muir]], American ecologist (d. [[1914]])
* [[May 10]] - [[John Wilkes Booth]], American actor and assassin (d. [[1865]])
* [[May 20]] - [[Jules Méline]], French statesman (d. [[1925]])
===July - December=== <!-- BIRTHS -->
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* [[September 2]] - [[Liliuokalani of Hawai'i]], last Queen of Hawaii (d. [[1917]])
* [[October 6]] - [[Giuseppe Cesare Abba]], Italian patriot and writer (d. [[1910]])
* [[October 25]] - [[Georges Bizet]], French composer (d. [[1875]])
* [[October 31]] - King [[Luis I of Portugal]] (d. [[1889]])
* [[November 7]] - [[Auguste Villiers de l'Isle-Adam]], French writer (d. [[1889]])
* [[November 13]] - [[Joseph Fielding Smith]], tenth president of [[The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints]] (d. [[1918]])
*[[December 3]] - [[Cleveland Abbe]], American meteorologist (d. [[1916]])
* [[December 19]] - [[Khedrup Gyatso, 11th Dalai Lama|Khedrup Gyatso]], eleventh [[Dalai Lama]] (d. [[1856]])
* [[December 20]] - [[Edwin Abbott Abbott]], theologian and author (d. [[1926]])
* [[December 30]] - [[Émile Loubet]], 7th [[President of France]] (d. [[1929]])
==Deaths==
===January - June===
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*[[January 3]] - [[Prince Maximilian of Saxony]] (b. [[1759]])
*[[January 5]] - [[Anthony Van Egmond]], rebel leader in Upper Canada Rebellion of 1837 {died in jail}
*[[February 21]] - [[Silvestre de Sacy]], linguist (b. [[1758]])
*[[March 13]] - [[Poul Martin Møller]], philosopher (b. [[1794]])
*[[April 6]] - [[José Bonifácio de Andrada e Silva]], Brazilian statesman and naturalist (b. [[1763]])
*[[April 9]] - [[Piet Uys]], Voortrekker leader (in battle) (b. [[1797]])
*May - [[Francisco Gómez]], president of El Salvador (b. [[1796]])
*[[May 17]] - [[Charles Maurice de Talleyrand]], French diplomat (b. [[1754]])
*[[May 19]] - [[Richard Colt Hoare]], English archaeologist (b. [[1758]])
*[[June 14]] - [[Maximilian von Montgelas]], Bavarian statesman (b. [[1759]])
===July - December=== <!-- DEATHS -->
*[[July 19]] - [[Christmas Evans]], preacher (b. [[1766]])
*[[August 17]] - [[Lorenzo Da Ponte]], librettist for Mozart (b. [[1749]])
*[[August 21]] - [[Adelbert von Chamisso]], German writer (b. [[1781]])
*[[September 1]] - [[William Clark (explorer)|William Clark]], American explorer (b. [[1770]])
*[[October 1]] - [[Charles Tennant]], Scottish chemist and industrialist (b. [[1768]])
*[[November 21]] - [[Georges Mouton]], count of Lobau, [[Marshal of France]] (b. [[1770]])
{{commonscat}}
[[Category:1838| ]]
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