1872
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{{year nav|1872}}
{{C19YearInTopicX}}
Year '''1872''' ('''[[Roman numerals|MDCCCLXXII]]''') was a [[leap year starting on Monday]] (link will display the full calendar) of the [[Gregorian Calendar]] (or a [[leap year starting on Saturday]] of the 12-day slower [[Julian calendar]]). It was a year in the 19th Century.
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==Events of 1872==
===January - June===
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* [[January 2]] - [[Brigham Young]] is arrested for [[polygamy]] (28 wives).
* [[January 12]] - [[Yohannes IV of Ethiopia|Yohannes IV]] is crowned Emperor of [[Ethiopia]] in [[Axum]], the first ruler crowned in that city in over 500 years.
* [[February 13]] - [[Rex]], the most famous parade on [[Mardi Gras]] day, parades in [[New Orleans]] for [[Grand Duke Alexei Mikhailovich of Russia]]
* [[February 20]] - In [[New York City]] the [[Metropolitan Museum of Art]] closes for "urban renovation".
* [[March 1]] - In the [[United States]], [[Yellowstone National Park]] is established as the world's first [[national park]].
* [[March 5]]
**[[George Westinghouse]] patents the "failsafe" automatic [[air brake (rail)|railway air brake]].
**The case of [[Tichborne Claimant]] decided against the claimant Arthur Orton.
* [[March 11]] - Work began erecting [[Seven Sisters, Wales|Seven Sisters]] Colliery, [[South Wales]]; Located on one of the richest coal sources in [[Great Britain|Britain]].
* [[March 26]] - [[Earthquake]] at [[Lone Pine, California]] with an estimated magnitude of 7.2.
* [[May 10]] - [[Victoria Woodhull]] becomes the first woman nominated for [[President of the United States]], although she is a year too young to qualify and does not appear on the ballot.
* [[May 22]] - [[Reconstruction era of the United States|Reconstruction]]: U.S. President [[Ulysses S. Grant]] signs the [[Amnesty Act of 1872]] into law restoring full [[civil rights]] to all but about 500 [[Confederate States of America|Confederate]] sympathizers.
* [[June 14]] - [[Trade union]]s legalised in [[Canada]]. <ref>[http://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.com/index.cfm?PgNm=ArchivedFeatures&Params=A218 Reference from the Canada Encyclopedia]</ref>
===July - December===
* [[July 4]] - [[Society of Jesus]] is pronounced illegal in the [[German Empire]].
* [[August 22]] - The [[Overland Telegraph]] is completed in Australia, providing a telegraphic link between Australia and the rest of the world for the first time.
* August,23, Andhra Kesari Tanguturi Panthulu born at Kanuparthy Village near Ongole,Prakasaam Dist,in Andhra Pradesh.
[[September 1]] - Group of Icaiche [[Maya peoples|Maya]] under Marcos Canul attack [[Orange Walk Town]] in [[British Honduras]]. British send troops against them.
*[[September 26]] - The first [[Shriners]] Temple (called Mecca) was established in [[New York City]].
* [[October 1]] - The Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College began its first academic session. The university was later renamed [[Virginia Tech]]
* [[November 5]]
**[[Ulysses S. Grant]] defeats [[Horace Greeley]] in the [[U.S. presidential election, 1872|U.S. presidential election]].
**[[Women's suffrage]]: In defiance of the law, American suffragist [[Susan B. Anthony]] votes for the first time (on [[November 18]] she was served an arrest warrant and in the subsequent trial she was fined $100 - she never paid the fine).
* [[November 7]] - ''[[Mary Celeste]]'' sets sail from New York, bound for Genoa.
* [[November 9]] - [[Great Boston Fire of 1872]]: In [[Boston, Massachusetts]], a large fire begins to burn on Lincoln Street (the two day event destroyed about 65 acres (0.3 km²) of city, 776 buildings, much of the financial district and caused US$60 million in damage).
* [[November 27]] - [[Meteor shower]] display over France.
* [[November 29]]
**[[Indian Wars]]: The [[Modoc War]] begins with the Battle of Lost River.
**[[November 29]] - [[Horace Greeley]], President [[Ulysses S. Grant]]'s opponent in the [[United States presidential election, 1872|1872 U.S. presidential election]], dies. His electoral votes are divided among several candidates.
*[[November 30]] - First ever international [[Football (soccer)|football]] match takes place at [[Hamilton Crescent]], [[Scotland]]; the result is Scotland 0, England 0.<ref>[http://www.londonhearts.com/scotland/games/18721130.html Londonhearts.com summary]</ref>
* [[December 4]] - The crewless [[United States|American]] ship ''[[Mary Celeste]]'' is found by the [[United Kingdom|British]] brig ''Dei Gratia''.
* [[December 21]] - ''[[Challenger expedition|HMS Challenger]]'' sails from [[Portsmouth]] on the 4 year scientific expedition that would lay the foundation for the science of [[oceanography]].
===Undated===
* [[Louis Ducos du Hauron]] creates the first [[Color photography|color photograph]]. [http://www.worldisround.com/articles/2378/photo2.html]
* [[London Metropolitan Police]] strike.
* In the aftermath of the [[War of the Triple Alliance]], new government of [[Paraguay]] makes peace with [[Brazil]], grant reparations and territorial concessions.
* [[Austro-Hungarian North Pole Expedition]].
* Foundation of the ''Kolozsvári Egyetem'', the predecessor of the [[University of Szeged]].
* US government geologist [[Clarence King]] reveals the [[Diamond hoax of 1872|diamond hoax]] in [[Wyoming]].
* [[Thomas Hardy]] anonymously publishes his romantic novel ''[[Under the Greenwood Tree]]''
* The magazine [[popular science]] is first created
==Births==
{{Year in other calendars
|japanese=[[Meiji period|Meiji]] 4 – 5*
|footnotes=* Last year on the [[Japanese calendar]] was in use a [[lunisolar calendar]].}}
===January - June=== <!-- BIRTHS -->
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*[[January 6]] - [[Alexander Scriabin]], Russian composer (d. [[1915]])
*[[January 23]] - [[Gotse Delchev]], [[Bulgarians|Bulgarian]] revolutionary (d. [[1903]])<!-- For the sake of NPOV please retain this version — his ethnicity (Bulgarian or Macedonian) — has been in dispute. -->
*[[January 31]] - [[Zane Grey]], American writer (d. [[1939]])
*[[February 1]] - [[Jerome F. Donovan]], American politician (d. [[1949]])
*[[March 7]] - [[Piet Mondrian]], Dutch painter (d. [[1944]])
*[[March 24]] - [[J.C. Wienecke]], Dutch/German medallist (d. [[1945]])
*[[April 29]] - [[Harry Payne Whitney]], businessman, horse breeder (d. [[1930]])
*[[May 18]] - [[Bertrand Russell]], English philosopher and mathematician, recipient of the [[Nobel Prize in Literature]] (d. [[1970]])
*[[May 21]] - [[Henry Warren]], Inventor of the first commercially viable electric clock, the Telechron
*[[May 31]]
**[[Charles Greeley Abbot]], American astrophysicist (d. [[1973]])
**[[Heath Robinson]], British cartoonist and illustrator (d. [[1944]])
*[[June 20]] - [[George Carpenter]], the 5th General of [[The Salvation Army]] (d. [[1948]])
*[[June 27]] - [[Paul Laurence Dunbar]], American poet and publisher (d. [[1906]])
===July - December=== <!-- BIRTHS -->
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*[[July 1]] - [[Louis Bleriot|Louis Blériot]], French aviation pioneer (d. [[1936]])
*[[July 4]] - [[Calvin Coolidge]], [[President of the United States]] (d. [[1933]])
*[[July 16]] - [[Roald Amundsen]], Norwegian polar explorer (d. [[1928]])
*[[August 3]] - King [[Haakon VII of Norway]] (d. [[1957]])
*[[August 9]] - [[Archduke Joseph August of Austria]], Austrian field marshal (d. [[1962]])
*[[August 10]] - [[Bill Johnson (jazz musician)|Bill Johnson]], American jazz musician (d. [[1972]])
*[[August 13]] - [[Richard Willstätter]], German chemist, [[Nobel Prize]] laureate (d. [[1942]])
*[[August 15]] - [[Sri Aurobindo]], Indian nationalist, writer, and mystic (d. [[1950]])
*[[August 21]] - [[Aubrey Beardsley]], British artist (d. [[1898]])
*[[October 11]] - [[Harlan Fiske Stone|Harlan F. Stone]], [[United States Supreme Court/Chief Justice|Chief Justice of the United States]] (d. [[1946]])
*[[November 30]] - [[John McCrae]], Canadian soldier and poet (d. [[1918]])
*[[December 21]] - [[Don Lorenzo Perosi]], Italian composer (d. [[1956]])
*[[December 26]] - [[Norman Angell]], British politician, recipient of the [[Nobel Peace Prize]] (d. [[1967]])
: ''See also [[:Category: 1872 births]].''
== Deaths ==
===January - June===
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* [[January 7]] - [[Big Jim Fisk]], American financier (b. [[1834]])
* [[January 21]] - [[Franz Grillparzer]], Austrian writer (b. [[1791]])
*March/April [[Mercator Cooper]], American sea captain (b.[[1803]])
* [[March 20]] - [[William Wentworth]], Australian explorer (b. [[1790]])
* [[April 1]] - [[Frederick Maurice]], English theologian (b. [[1805]])
* [[April 2]] - [[Samuel Morse]], American inventor (b. [[1791]])
* [[June 4]] - [[Stanisław Moniuszko]], Polish composer (b. [[1819]])
* [[June 4]] - [[Johan Rudolf Thorbecke]], Dutch politician (b. [[1798]])
* [[June 20]] - [[Elie Frédéric Forey]], Marshal of France (b. [[1804]])
===July - December=== <!-- DEATHS -->
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* [[July 18]] - [[Benito Juárez]], [[President of Mexico]] (b. [[1806]])
* [[August 19]] - [[Charles XV of Sweden|Charles XV]], King of Sweden and Norway (b. [[1826]])
* [[September 10]] - [[Avram Iancu]], Romanian Transylvanian insurgent (b. [[1824]])
* [[September 13]] - [[Ludwig Feuerbach]], German philosopher (b. [[1804]])
* [[October 23]] - [[Théophile Gautier]], French writer (b. [[1811]])
* [[November 28]] - [[Mary Somerville]], British mathematician (b. [[1780]])
* [[November 29]] - [[Horace Greeley]], newspaper editor and presidential candidate (b. [[1811]])
* [[December 15]] - [[Mary Anne Disraeli, 1st Viscountess Beaconsfield|Lady Beaconsfield]], wife of [[Benjamin Disraeli]] (b. [[1792]])
{{commonscat}}
: ''See also [[:Category: 1872 deaths]].''
==References==
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