1873 34746 225185108 2008-07-12T09:58:09Z 87.48.76.65 /* January - June */ {{year nav|1873}} {{C19YearInTopicX}} Year '''1873''' ('''[[Roman numerals|MDCCCLXXIII]]''') was a [[common year starting on Wednesday]] (link will display the full calendar) of the [[Gregorian calendar]] (or a [[common year starting on Monday]] of the 12-day slower [[Julian calendar]]). <!-- 12-day span=Mon-Sat,Tue-Sun,Wed-Mon,Thu-Tue,Fr-We,Sa-Th,Sun-Fri --> == Events of 1873 == === January - March === <!-- Link all dates, even if repeated, for date-format preferences. --> * [[January 1]] - [[Japanese calendar|Japan adopted the use of the Gregorian calendar]]. * [[January 1]] - The [[California Penal Code]] came into effect. * [[January 17]] - [[Indian Wars]]: First Battle of the Stronghold during the [[Modoc War]]. * [[February 11]] - [[Spain|Spanish]] [[Cortes Generales|Cortes]] deposes King [[Amadeo I of Spain|Amadeus I]] and proclaims the [[First Spanish Republic]]. * [[February 12]] - Former foreign minister [[Emilio Castelar]] becomes prime minister of the new Spanish Republic. * [[February 20]] - The [[University of California]] opens its first [[medical school]] in [[San Francisco, California]]. * [[March 1]] - [[E. Remington and Sons]] of [[Ilion, New York]] start production of the first practical [[typewriter]]. * [[March 3]] - [[Censorship]]: The [[Congress of the United States|U.S. Congress]] enacts the [[Comstock Law]], making it illegal to send any "obscene, lewd, or lascivious" books through the mail. * [[March 4]] - [[President of the United States|President]] [[Ulysses S. Grant]] begins his second term. * [[March 15]] - The [[Phi Sigma Kappa]] fraternity is founded at the [[University of Massachusetts]]. * [[March 22]] - Emancipation Day for [[Puerto Rico]], slaves are freed (with a few exceptions). === April - June === <!-- Link all dates, even if repeated, for date-format preferences. --> * [[April 1]] - The [[United Kingdom|British]] steamer [[RMS Atlantic|RMS ''Atlantic'']] sinks off [[Nova Scotia]] killing 547. * [[April 15]] - [[April 17|17]] - [[Indian Wars]]: Second Battle of the Stronghold. *May - [[Henry Rose]] exhibits [[barbed wire]] at an [[Illinois]] county fair, which is taken up by [[Joseph Glidden]] and [[Jacob Haish]], who invent a machine to mass-produce it. * [[May 9]] - ''Der Krach'': Vienna stock market crash heralds [[Long Depression]]. * [[May 23]] **The [[Canada|Canadian]] Parliament establishes the [[North-West Mounted Police]] (which will be renamed the [[Royal Canadian Mounted Police]] in 1920). **First running of the [[Preakness Stakes]] horse race in [[Baltimore, Maryland]] * [[May 28]] **C. Laan brings order to the chaos created by the dockworker riots of [[Tripoli, Lebanon]]. **The city of [[Khiva]] falls to [[Imperial Russia]]n forces, under the command of General [[Konstantin Petrovich Von Kaufman]]. * [[June 4]] - [[Indian Wars]]: The [[Modoc War]] ends with the capture of [[Kintpuash|Captain Jack]]. * [[June 9]] - [[Alexandra Palace]] in [[London]] destroyed by fire only a fortnight after its opening. === July - September === <!-- Link all dates, even if repeated, for date-format preferences. --> * [[July 1]] - [[Prince Edward Island]] joins the [[Canadian Confederation]]. * [[July 21]] - At [[Adair, Iowa]], [[Jesse James 1847|Jesse James]] and the [[James-Younger gang]] pull off the first successful [[train robbery]] in the [[United States|American]] West (US$3,000 from the Rock Island Express). * [[August 4]] - [[Indian Wars]]: While protecting a [[railroad]] survey party in [[Montana]], the [[U.S. 7th Cavalry Regiment|Seventh Cavalry]], under Lieutenant Colonel [[George Armstrong Custer]], clash for the first time with the [[Sioux]] (near the [[Tongue River (Montana)|Tongue River]]; only one man on each side is killed). * [[August 12]] - A peace treaty is signed between [[Imperial Russia]] and the [[Khanate of Khiva]], making the khanate a Russian protectorate. * [[September 16]] - [[Germany|German]] troops leave [[France]] upon completion of payment of indemnity for [[Franco-Prussian War]]. * [[September 17]] - The Ohio Agricultural and Mechanical College, later [[Ohio State University|The Ohio State University]], opens its doors with 25 students, including two women. * [[September 18]] - [[New York, New York|New York]] stock market crash, triggering the [[panic of 1873]] (again part of the Long Depression). * [[September 25]] - Classes begin at [[Drury University]]. === October - December === <!-- Link all dates, even if repeated, for date-format preferences. --> * [[October 6]] - Foundation of [[Co. Carlow Football Club]] [[Rugby union]] Club. * [[November 6]] - Formation of the [[Halifax, West Yorkshire|Halifax]] [[Rugby league]] Club. * [[November 7]] - [[Alexander Mackenzie]] becomes [[Canada]]'s second [[Prime Minister of Canada|prime minister]]. * [[November 17]] - From [[Pest (city)|Pest]], [[Buda]] and [[Óbuda]], [[Budapest]], Hungary's capital is formed. * [[December 15]] - Women of [[Fredonia, New York|Fredonia]], [[New York]] march against the retail liquor dealers in town to inaugurate the Woman's Crusade of 1873-74. This led to the creation of the [[Woman's Christian Temperance Union]]. * [[December 16]] - [[Heineken Brewery|Heineken]] [[brewery]] is founded in [[Amsterdam]], the [[Netherlands]]. * [[December 21]] - [[Francis Garnier]] is attacked outside of [[Hanoi]] by Black Flag mercenaries fighting for the Vietnamese. === Updated === * [[Toronto Argonauts]] are founded. The oldest pro sports team still playing in North America. * [[Rangers F.C.]] are founded. * The [[United Kingdom]] declares war against [[Ashanti|Ghana]]'s King Kofi KariKari, who was involved in the trading of [[slaves]]. The war ended by July and the British established the [[Gold Coast (British colony)|Gold Coast Colony]]. * [[Coors Brewing Company]] begins making [[beer]] in [[Golden, Colorado]]. * [[DDT]] first synthesized. * Swedish arms company [[Bofors]] is incorporated. * In [[Mexico]], [[Veracruz (city)|Veracruz]] to [[Mexico City]] railroad completed. * [[St Mary's School (Calne)|St Mary's School, Calne]], founded. * Royal Montreal Club in [[Montreal, Quebec]] is founded, becoming the first permanent [[golf]] club in [[North America]]. * Britain puts pressure on Sultan Barghash Sayyid who closes slave markets in [[Zanzibar]] * [[Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky]] composes [[The Tempest (Tchaikovsky)|''The Tempest'']] * Womans Temperance League organized by [[Eliza Daniel Stewart]] * [[Central Park]] is officially completed in [[New York City]], [[New York]]. *Nine [[Pekin duck]]s were imported to [[Long Island]], the first Pekins in the United States. * [http://www.guildofsun.com/Webnodes/en/Web/SUN/News/It+was+the+year+1873 Guild of SUN] was founded == Births == {{Year in other calendars|japanese=[[Meiji period|Meiji]] 6}} === January - June === <!-- Link all dates, even if repeated, for date-format preferences. --> * [[January 2]] - [[Saint Therese of Lisieux]], [[Catholic]] [[saint]] and [[mysticism|mystic]] (d. [[1897]]) * [[January 7]] - [[Adolph Zukor]], Austrian-born film studio pioneer (d. [[1976]]) * [[January 8]] - [[Iuliu Maniu]], Romanian politician (d. [[1953]]) * [[January 10]] - [[George Orton]], Canadian athlete (d. [[1958]]) * [[January 12]] - [[Spiridon Louis]], Greek runner (d. [[1940]]) * [[January 20]] - [[Johannes Vilhelm Jensen]], Danish writer, [[Nobel Prize in Literature|Nobel Prize]] laureate (d. [[1950]]) * [[January 28]] - [[Colette]], French writer (d. [[1954]]) *[[January 30]] - [[Vasily Balabanov]], an administrator and Provincial [[Governor]] of [[Imperial Russia]] (d. [[1947]]) * [[February 2]] - [[Maurice Tourneur]], French film director (d. [[1961]]) * [[February 3]] - [[Karl Jatho]], German aviation pioneer (d. [[1933]]) * [[February 4]] - [[Etienne Desmarteau|Étienne Desmarteau]], Canadian athlete (d. [[1905]]) * [[February 13]] - [[Feodor Chaliapin]], Russian bass (d. [[1938]]) * [[February 15]] - [[Hans von Euler-Chelpin]], German-born chemist, [[Nobel Prize in Chemistry|Nobel Prize]] laureate (d. [[1964]]) * [[February 25]] - [[Enrico Caruso]], Italian tenor (d. [[1921]]) * [[March 3]] - [[William Green (labor leader)|William Green]], American labor leader (d. [[1952]]) * [[March 11]] - [[David Horsley]], English-born film executive (d. [[1933]]) * [[March 19]] - [[Max Reger]], German composer (d. [[1916]]) *[[April 1]] ([[Gregorian calendar|N.S.]]); [[March 20]] ([[Julian calendar|O.S.]]) - [[Sergei Rachmaninoff]], Russian composer and pianist (d. [[1943]]) *[[April 7]] - [[John McGraw (baseball)|John McGraw]], baseball player and manager (d. [[1934]]) *[[April 10]] - [[Kyösti Kallio]], [[Prime Minister of Finland|Prime Minister]] and [[President of Finland]] (d. [[1940]]) *[[April 19]] - [[Sydney Barnes]], English cricketer (d. [[1967]]) *[[April 22]] - [[Ellen Glasgow]], American writer (d. [[1945]]) *[[May 4]] - [[Joe De Grasse]], Canadian film director (d. [[1940]]) *[[May 9]] - [[Anton Cermak]], Mayor of Chicago (d. [[1933]]) *[[May 17]] **[[Henri Barbusse]], French novelist and journalist (d. [[1935]]) **[[Dorothy Richardson]], English feminist writer (d. [[1957]]) *[[May 28]] - [[D.D. Sheehan]], Irish politician (d. [[1948]]) *[[June 3]] - [[Otto Loewi]], German-born pharmacologist, recipient of the [[Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine]] (d. [[1961]]) *[[June 26]] - [[Alexis Carrel]], French surgeon and biologist, recipient of the [[Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine]] (d. [[1944]]) ===July - December=== <!-- BIRTHS --> <!-- Link all dates, even if repeated, for date-format preferences. --> * [[July 1]] - [[Alice Guy-Blaché]], French-American filmmaker (d. [[1968]]) * [[July 20]] - [[Alberto Santos-Dumont]], Brazilian aviation pioneer (d. [[1932]]) * [[August 5]] - [[Joseph Russell Knowland]], American politician and newspaperman (d. [[1966]]) * [[August 13]] - [[Cornelis Jacobus Langenhoven]] * [[August 17]] - [[John A. Sampson]], American gynecologist (d. [[1946]]) * [[August 26]] - [[Lee De Forest]], American inventor (d. [[1961]]) * [[September 1]] - Sir [[Guy Standing]], British actor (d. [[1937]]) * [[September 5]] - [[Cornelius Vanderbilt III]], American military officer, inventor, engineer (d. [[1942]]) * [[September 8]] - [[David O. McKay]], president of [[The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints]] (d. [[1970]]) * [[September 20]] **[[Sidney Olcott]], pioneer film director (d. [[1949]]) **[[Ferenc Szisz]], Hungarian-born race car driver (d. [[1944]]) * [[September 21]] - [[Papa Jack Laine]], jazz musician (d. [[1966]]) * [[September 26]] - [[Wacław Berent]], Polish novelist and translator (d. [[1940]]) * [[October 2]] - [[Stephen Warfield Gambrill]], U.S. Congressman for Maryland's [[Maryland's 5th congressional district|5th District]]. (d. [[1924]]) * [[October 3]] - [[Emily Post]], American etiquette expert (d. [[1960]]) * [[October 9]] - [[Charles Rudolph Walgreen]], American businessman (d. [[1939]]) * [[October 14]] - [[Ray Ewry]], American athlete (d. [[1937]]) * [[October 19]] **[[Jaap Eden]], Dutch skater and cyclist (d. [[1925]]) **[[Bart King|John Barton King]], American [[cricket]]er (d. [[1965]]) * [[October 26]] **[[Thorvald Stauning]], [[Prime Minister of Denmark]] (d. [[1942]]) **[[A. K. Fazlul Huq]], Bengali statesman (d. [[1962]]) * [[November 16]] - [[W. C. Handy]], American blues composer (d. [[1958]]) *[[November 22]] - [[Johnny Tyldesley]], English cricketer (d. [[1930]]) * [[December 7]] - [[Willa Cather]], American novelist (d. [[1947]]) * [[December 11]] - [[Josip Plemelj]], Slovenian mathematician (d. [[1967]]) * [[December 17]] - [[Ford Madox Ford]], English writer (d. [[1939]]) * [[December 20]] - [[Kwan-Ichi Asakawa]], Japanese historian(d. [[1948]]) * [[December 26]] - [[Thomas Wass]], Nottinghamshire [[bowler (cricket)|bowler]] (d. [[1953]]) * [[December 30]] - [[Al Smith]], American politician (d. [[1944]]) *''date unknown'' **[[James Cousins]], Irish writer (d. [[1956]]) **[[Leon Frank Czolgosz]], assassin of U.S. President [[William McKinley]] (d. [[1901]]) **[[William Ernest Hocking]], American philosopher (d. [[1966]]) : ''See also [[:Category: 1873 births]].'' == Deaths == === January - June === <!-- Link all dates, even if repeated, for date-format preferences. --> *[[January 9]] - [[Napoleon III of France|Napoleon III]], last [[List of French monarchs|Emperor of the French]] (b. [[1808]]) *[[January 18]] - [[Edward Bulwer-Lytton, 1st Baron Lytton|Edward George Bulwer-Lytton]], English writer (b. [[1803]]) *[[January 23]] - [[Jothi Ramalinga Swamigal]], Hindu religious leader (b. [[1823]]) *[[January 29]] - [[Basil Moreau|The Venerable Father Basil Anthony Marie Moreau]], Founder of the [[Congregation of Holy Cross]] (b. [[1799]]) *[[February 7]] - [[Sheridan Le Fanu]], Irish writer (b. [[1814]]) *[[February 19]] - [[Vasil Levski]], Bulgarian revolutionary (b. [[1837]]) *[[March 10]] - [[John Torrey]], American botanist (b. [[1796]]) *[[March 24]] - [[Mary Ann Cotton]], English [[serial killer]] (b.[[1832]]) *[[March 25]] - [[Wilhelm Marstrand]], Danish painter (b. [[1810]]) *[[April 11]] - [[Edward Canby]], U.S. general (b. [[1817]]) *[[April 18]] - [[Justus von Liebig]], German chemist (b. [[1803]]) *[[April 27]] - [[William Charles Macready]], English actor (b. [[1793]]) *[[May 4]] - [[David Livingstone]], Scottish explorer of Africa (b. [[1813]]) *[[May 6]] - [[José Antonio Páez]], first [[President of Venezuela]] (b. [[1790]]) *[[May 7]] - [[Salmon P. Chase]], [[Chief Justice of the United States]] (b.[[1808]]) *[[May 8]] - [[John Stuart Mill]], British philosopher (b. [[1806]]) *[[May 15]] - [[Alexandru Ioan Cuza]],First Romania's reigning (b. [[1820]]) *[[May 20]] - [[George-Étienne Cartier]], Canadian statesman (b. [[1814]]) *[[May 29]] - [[Edouard de Verneuil]], palaeontologist (b. [[1805]]) *[[June 1]] - [[Joseph Howe]], Canadian politician (b. [[1804]]) ===July - December=== <!-- DEATHS --> *[[August 18]] - [[Charles II, Duke of Brunswick]] (b. [[1804]]) *[[September 11]] - [[Augustín Fernández Muñoz, Duke of Riansares]], morganatic husband of [[Maria Christina of the Two Sicilies]] *[[September 17]] - [[Alexander Berry]], Scottish adventurer and Australian pioneer (b. [[1781]]) *[[September 22]] - [[Friedrich Frey-Herosé]], Swiss Federal Councilor (b. [[1801]]) *[[September 23]] - [[Jean Chacornac]], French astronomer (b. [[1823]]) *[[October 9]] - [[George Ormerod]], English historian and antiquarian (b. [[1785]]) *[[December 14]] - [[Louis Agassiz]], Swiss-born geologist and naturalist (b. [[1807]]) {{commonscat}} : ''See also [[:Category: 1873 deaths]].'' == Genealogical Resources == * [http://www.cefnpennar.com/1873index.htm 1873 Return of Owners of Land] [[Category:1873| ]] [[af:1873]] [[am:1873 እ.ኤ.አ.]] [[ar:1873]] [[an:1873]] [[ast:1873]] [[az:1873]] [[bn:১৮৭৩]] [[map-bms:1873]] [[be:1873]] [[be-x-old:1873]] [[bh:१८७३]] [[bs:1873]] [[br:1873]] [[bg:1873]] [[ca:1873]] [[cv:1873]] [[cs:1873]] [[co:1873]] [[cy:1873]] [[da:1873]] [[de:1873]] [[et:1873]] [[el:1873]] [[es:1873]] [[eo:1873]] [[eu:1873]] [[hif:1873]] [[fr:1873]] [[fy:1873]] [[ga:1873]] [[gd:1873]] [[gl:1873]] [[ko:1873년]] [[hy:1873]] [[hi:1873]] [[hr:1873.]] [[io:1873]] [[bpy:মারি ১৮৭৩]] [[id:1873]] [[ia:1873]] [[os:1873]] [[is:1873]] [[it:1873]] [[he:1873]] [[jv:1873]] [[ka:1873]] [[csb:1873]] [[sw:1873]] [[ht:1873 (almanak gregoryen)]] [[la:1873]] [[lb:1873]] [[lt:1873 m.]] [[lmo:1873]] [[hu:1873]] [[mk:1873]] [[mi:1873]] [[mr:इ.स. १८७३]] [[ms:1873]] [[nah:1873]] [[nl:1873]] [[new:ई सं १८७३]] [[ja:1873年]] [[nap:1873]] [[no:1873]] [[nn:1873]] [[nrm:1873]] [[nov:1873]] [[oc:1873]] [[uz:1873]] [[pi:१८७३]] [[nds:1873]] [[pl:1873]] [[pt:1873]] [[ksh:Joohr 1873]] [[ro:1873]] [[ru:1873 год]] [[se:1873]] [[sq:1873]] [[scn:1873]] [[simple:1873]] [[sk:1873]] [[sl:1873]] [[sr:1873]] [[sh:1873]] [[su:1873]] [[fi:1873]] [[sv:1873]] [[tl:1873]] [[ta:1873]] [[tt:1873]] [[te:1873]] [[th:พ.ศ. 2416]] [[tr:1873]] [[uk:1873]] [[vec:1873]] [[wa:1873]] [[vls:1873]] [[zh-yue:1873年]] [[cbk-zam:1873]] [[bat-smg:1873]] [[zh:1873年]]