1887
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{{year nav|1887}}
{{C19YearInTopicX}}
Year '''1887''' ('''[[Roman numerals|MDCCCLXXXVII]]''') was a [[common year starting on Saturday]] (link will display the full calendar) of the [[Gregorian calendar]] (or a [[common year starting on Thursday]] of the 12-day slower [[Julian calendar]]).
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== Events of 1887 ==
===January - March===
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[[Image:Menelik II.jpg|thumb|115px|right| [[January 6|Jan.6]]: [[Menelik II of Ethiopia|Menelik II]]]]
* [[January 6]] - [[`Abd Allah II ibn `Ali `Abd ash-Shakur|`Abd-allah II]] of [[Harar]] opens the [[Battle of Chelenqo]] with an attack on the camp of the [[Shewa]]n army of [[Negus]] [[Menelik II of Ethiopia|Menelik II]] early in the morning; prepared for the assault, the Negus orders a counter-attack which routs the enemy, resulting in the capture of Harar a few days later.
* [[January 11]] - [[Louis Pasteur]]'s anti-[[rabies]] treatment is defended in the [[French Academy of Medicine]] by Dr. Joseph Grancher.
* [[January 20]] - The [[United States Senate]] allows the [[United States Navy|Navy]] to lease [[Pearl Harbor]] as a naval base.
* [[January 21]]
**The [[Amateur Athletic Union]] (AAU) is formed.
**[[Brisbane]] receives a daily rainfall of 465 millimetres - a record for any [[Australia]]n capital city.
[[Image:Helenkellerannesullivan1898.jpg|thumb|125px|right| [[March 3]]: [[Helen Keller]] and [[Anne Sullivan|Sullivan]].]]
* [[January 24]] - [[Battle of Dogali]]: [[Abyssinia]]n troops defeat [[Italy|Italians]].
* [[January 28]] - In a [[snowstorm]] at Fort Keogh, [[Montana]], [[United States|USA]], the largest [[snow]]flakes on record are reported. They are 15 inches (38cm) wide and 8 inches (20cm) thick.
* [[February 2]] - In [[Punxsutawney, Pennsylvania]], the first [[Groundhog Day]] is observed.
* [[February 5]] - The [[Giuseppe Verdi]] [[opera]] ''[[Otello]]'' premieres at [[La Scala]].
* [[February 8]] - [[Dawes Act]], or General Allotment Act, is enacted.
* [[February 23]] - The [[French Riviera]] is hit by a large [[earthquake]], killing around 2,000 along the coast of the [[Mediterranean Sea]].
* [[February 26]] - At the [[Sydney Cricket Ground|SCG]], [[George Lohmann]] becomes the first [[bowler (cricket)|bowler]] to take eight wickets in a [[Test cricket|Test]] innings.
* [[March 3]] - [[Anne Sullivan]] begins teaching [[Helen Keller]].
* [[March 4]] - [[Gottlieb Daimler]] unveils his first [[automobile]].
* [[March 7]] - [[North Carolina State University]] is established as North Carolina College of Agriculture and Mechanic Arts.
* [[March 13]] - [[Chester Greenwood]] patents [[earmuffs]].
* [[March 19]] - [[Henry Cogswell]] College established by [[Henry D. Cogswell]].
[[Image:Gottliebdaimler1.jpg|thumb|110px|right| [[March 4]]: [[Gottlieb Daimler|Daimler]]]]
===April - June===
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* [[April 4]] - [[Argonia, Kansas]] elects [[Susanna M. Salter]] as the first female mayor in the [[United States]].
* [[May 3]] - [[Earthquake]] in [[Sonora]], [[Mexico]].
* [[May 9]] - [[Buffalo Bill]]'s Wild West Show opens in [[London]].
* [[May 14]] - The cornerstone of the new [[Stanford University]], in northern [[California]], is laid (opened in [[1891]]).
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* [[June 8]] - [[Herman Hollerith]] receives a [[patent]] for his [[punch card]] [[calculator]].
* [[June 18]] - The [[Reinsurance Treaty]] is closed between [[Germany]] and [[Russia]].
* [[June 21]] - [[United Kingdom|Britain]] celebrates a Golden Jubilee, marking the 50th year of [[Victoria of the United Kingdom|Queen Victoria]]'s reign. [http://www.royal.gov.uk/output/page929.asp]
* [[June 23]] - The [[Rocky Mountains Park Act]] becomes law in [[Canada]], creating that nation's first [[national park]], [[Banff National Park]]. [http://www.pc.gc.ca/apps/cseh-twih/archives2_E.asp?id=25]
* [[June 28]] - [[Minot, North Dakota]] is incorporated as a city.
[[Image:Moraine Lake 17092005.jpg|thumb|110px|right| [[June 23]]: [[Banff National Park]].]]
===July - September===
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* [[July 12]] - [[Odense Boldklub]], Danish football team is founded as Odense Cricket club.
* [[July 26]] - [[L. L. Zamenhof]] publishes [[Unua Libro|"Dr. Esperanto's International Tongue"]].
* August - U.S. [[National Institutes of Health]] is founded at the Marine Hospital, [[Staten Island, NY]], as the Laboratory of Hygiene.
*[[August 13]] - [[Hibernian FC]] defeat [[Preston North End]] to win the "Championship of the World" after the two teams win the [[Association football]] Cup competitions in their respective countries.
* [[September 5]] - [[Theatre Royal, Exeter]], [[England]] burns down, 186 people killed.
<!--IMAGE-->[[Image:Flag of Esperanto.svg|thumb|135px|right| [[July 26]]: [[Esperanto]]]]
===October - December===
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* [[October 1]] - [[British Empire]] takes over [[Balochistan (region)|Balochistan]].
*November - Results of the [[Michelson-Morley experiment]] are published, indicating that the speed of light is independent of motion.
* [[November 3]] - [[Associação Académica de Coimbra]], [[students' union]] of the [[University of Coimbra]] in [[Portugal]], is founded.
* [[November 10]] - [[Louis Lingg]], sentenced to be hanged for his alleged role in the [[Haymarket Riot]] bomb, kills himself by [[dynamite]].
* [[November 11]] - [[August Spies]], [[Albert Parsons]], [[Adolph Fischer]], [[George Engel]], [[Michael Schwab]], and [[Samuel Fielden]] hanged for inciting riot and murder in the [[Haymarket Riot]] of [[May 4]], [[1886]].
* [[November 13]] - [[Bloody Sunday (1887)|Bloody Sunday]]. Police clash with pro-Irish independence protesters.
<!--IMAGE-->[[Image:Michelson-Morley experiment (en).svg|thumb|110px| [[Michelson-Morley experiment|November: Michelson-Morley]].]]
* [[December 25]] - [[Glenfiddich]] single malt Scotch whisky first produced.
=== Undated ===
* [[Teachers College, Columbia University|Teachers College]], later part of [[Columbia University]], is founded.
* [[Thomas Stevens (cyclist)|Thomas Stevens]] is 1st man to [[bicycle]] around the world.
* [[Phonograph|Gramophone]] is patented by [[Emile Berliner]].
* [[The New Gate]] is built in [[Jerusalem]].
* [[Comptometer]] patented by Dorr Eugene Felt.
* The first All-Ireland [[Hurling]] and [[Gaelic football|Football]] Finals are held.
* [[Japan]] annexes [[Iwo Jima]].
* [[Zululand]] becomes a British colony.
* [[Huang He|Yellow river]] [[1887 Yellow River flood|floods]] in China: 900,000 dead.
* Construction of [[Spandau Prison]] in [[Berlin]] is completed.
* [[Heinrich Hertz]] discovers [[electromagnetism]].
* [[US congress]] passes the [[Interstate Commerce Act]].
* [[Adolf Eugen Fick]] invents the [[contact lens]], made of a type of brown glass.
* [[A. G. Edwards]] founded by General [[Albert Gallatin Edwards]]
[[Image:Heinrich Rudolf Hertz 2.jpg|thumb|110px| [[Heinrich Rudolf Hertz|Heinrich Hertz]].]]
[[Image:Portrait map of China.jpg|thumb|160px|[[Yellow River]] flood kills 900,000 people living along its banks.]]
{{Year in other calendars|japanese=[[Meiji period|Meiji]] 20}}
==Births==
===January - June===
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* [[January 1]] - [[Wilhelm Canaris]], head of German military intelligence in World War II (d. [[1945]])
* [[January 3]] - [[August Macke]], German painter (d. [[1914]])
* [[January 10]] - [[Robinson Jeffers]], American poet (d. [[1962]])
* [[January 19]] - [[Alexander Woollcott]], American intellectual (d. [[1943]])
* [[January 21]] - [[Maude Farris-Luse|Maude Davis]], [[supercentenarian|Oldest Person in the World]] (d. [[2002]])
* [[January 22]] - [[Helen Hoyt]], American poet (d. [[1972]])
* [[January 23]] - [[Dorothy Payne Whitney]], American-born philanthropist and social activist (d. [[1968]])
* [[January 28]] - [[Arthur Rubinstein]], Polish-born pianist and conductor (d. [[1982]])
* [[February 1]] - [[Charles Nordhoff]], English-born author (d. [[1947]])
* [[February 2]] - [[Pat Sullivan]], Australian director and producer of animated films (d. [[1933]])
* [[February 3]] - [[Georg Trakl]], Austrian poet (d. [[1914]])
* [[February 4]] - [[Sheila Kaye-Smith]], English writer (d. [[1955]])
* [[February 6]] - [[Josef Frings]], Archbishop of Cologne (d. [[1978]])
* [[February 10]] - [[John Franklin Enders]], American scientist, recipient of the [[Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine]] (d. [[1985]])
* [[February 11]]
**[[Ernst Hanfstängl]], German-born pianist and U.S. politician (d. [[1975]])
**[[John van Melle]], Dutch-born writer (d. [[1953]])
* [[February 17]] - [[Leevi Madetoja]], Finnish composer (d. [[1947]])
* [[February 20]] - [[Vincent Massey]], [[Governor-General of Canada]] (d. [[1967]])
* [[February 26]]
**[[Grover Cleveland Alexander]], baseball player (d. [[1950]])
**[[William Frawley]], American actor (d. [[1966]])
* [[March 4]] - [[Violet MacMillan]], American Broadway theatre actress (d. [[1953]])
* [[March 5]] - [[Heitor Villa-Lobos]], Brazilian composer (d. [[1959]])
* [[March 9]] - [[Phil Mead]], English cricketer (d. [[1958]])
* [[March 14]] - [[Sylvia Beach]], American publisher in Paris (d. [[1952]])
* [[March 14]] - [[Charles Reisner]], American silent actor and film director (d. [[1962]])
* [[March 22]] - [[Chico Marx]], American comedian and actor (d. [[1961]])
* [[March 23]] - [[Juan Gris]], Spanish-born painter and graphic artist (d. [[1927]])
* [[March 23]] - [[Felix Yussupov|Prince Felix Yussupov]], Russian assassin of [[Rasputin]] (d. [[1967]])
* [[March 24]] - [[Roscoe Arbuckle|Fatty Arbuckle]], American actor (d. [[1933]])
* [[April 10]] - [[Bernardo Houssay]], Argentine physiologist, [[Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine|Nobel Prize]] laureate (d. [[1971]])
* [[April 15]] - [[Mike Brady (golfer)|Mike Brady]], American golfer (d. [[1972]])
* [[May 2]] - [[Eddie Collins]], baseball player (d. [[1951]])
* [[May 5]] - [[Geoffrey Fisher]], [[Archbishop of Canterbury]] (d. [[1972]])
* [[May 10]] - [[Mir Ghotbeddin Mohammad Angha]], 40th master of [[Oveyssi]] [[Sufi]] order (d. [[1962]])
* [[May 11]] - [[Paul Wittgenstein]], Austrian-born pianist (d. [[1951]])
* [[May 25]] - [[Pio of Pietrelcina]], Italian saint (d. [[1968]])
* [[May 26]] - [[Paul Lukas]], Hungarian-born actor (d. [[1971]])
* [[May 31]] - [[Saint-John Perse]], French diplomat and writer, [[Nobel Prize in Literature|Nobel Prize]] laureate (d. [[1975]])
* [[June 2]] - [[Orrick Johns]], American poet and playwright (d. [[1946]])
* [[June 22]] - [[Julian Huxley]], British biologist (d. [[1975]])
* [[June 25]] - [[George Abbott]], American playwright (d. [[1995]])
===July - December=== <!-- BIRTHS -->
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* [[July 7]] - [[Marc Chagall]], Russian-born painter (d. [[1985]])
* [[July 16]] - [[Shoeless Joe Jackson]], baseball player (d. [[1951]])
* [[July 18]] - [[Vidkun Quisling]], Norwegian politician and traitor (d. [[1945]])
* [[July 22]] - [[Gustav Hertz]], German physicist, [[Nobel Prize]] laureate (d. [[1975]])
* [[July 28]] - [[Marcel Duchamp]], French-born artist (d. [[1968]])
* [[July 29]] - [[Sigmund Romberg]], Hungarian-born composer (d. [[1951]])
* [[August 3]] - [[Rupert Brooke]], British war poet (d. [[1915]])
* [[August 12]] - [[Erwin Schrödinger]], Austrian physicist, [[Nobel Prize]] laureate (d. [[1961]])
* [[August 13]] - [[Julius Freed]], American inventor and banker (d. [[1952]])
* [[August 15]] - [[Edna Ferber]], American novelist (d. [[1968]])
* [[August 17]]
**Emperor [[Karl I of Austria]] (d. [[1922]])
**[[Marcus Garvey]], American publisher, entrepreneur, and [[Pan Africanist]] (d. [[1940]])
* [[August 24]] - [[Harry Hooper]], baseball player (d. [[1974]])
* [[September 1]] - [[Blaise Cendrars]], Swiss writer (d. [[1961]])
* [[September 3]] - [[Frank Christian]], American jazz musician (d. [[1973]])
* [[September 13]]
**[[Lavoslav Ružička]], Croatian chemist, [[Nobel Prize in Chemistry|Nobel Prize]] laureate (d. [[1976]])
**[[Kamato Hongo]], last verified living person born in 1887. (d. [[2003]])
* [[September 16]] - [[Nadia Boulanger]], French composer and composition teacher (d. [[1979]])
* [[September 26]] - [[Edwin Keppel Bennett]], British writer (d. [[1958]])
* [[September 28]] - [[Avery Brundage]], American sports official (d. [[1975]])
*[[October 1]] - [[Violet Jessop]], [[RMS Titanic]] survivor (d. [[1971]])
*[[October 5]] - [[René Cassin]], French judge, recipient of the [[Nobel Peace Prize]] (d. [[1976]])
*[[October 6]] - [[Le Corbusier]], Swiss architect (d. [[1965]])
*[[October 8]] - [[Huntley Gordon]], Canadian-born actor (d. [[1956]])
*[[October 22]] - [[John Reed (journalist)|John Reed]], American journalist (d. [[1920]])
*[[October 31]] - [[Chiang Kai-shek]], 1st ~ 5th President of the Republic of China (d. [[1975]])
* [[November 1]] - [[L. S. Lowry]], English painter (d.[[1976]])
* [[November 6]] - [[Walter Johnson]], baseball player (d. [[1946]])
* [[November 10]] - [[Arnold Zweig]], German writer (d. [[1968]])
* [[November 15]] - [[Georgia O'Keeffe]], American Woman Painter (d.[[1986]])
* [[November 17]] - [[Bernard Montgomery]], World War II British commander (d. [[1976]])
* [[November 19]] - [[James B. Sumner]], American chemist, [[Nobel Prize in Chemistry|Nobel Prize]] laureate (d. [[1955]])
* [[November 23]] - [[Boris Karloff]], English actor (d. [[1967]])
* [[December 12]] - [[Kurt Atterberg]], Swedish composer (d. [[1974]])
* [[December 13]] - [[Alvin Cullum York]], American war hero during [[World War I]] (d. [[1964]])
* [[December 22]] - [[Srinivasa Aaiyangar Ramanujan]], Indian mathematician (d. [[1920]])
*''date unknown'' - [[Pauline Sabin]], American activist for [[repeal of prohibition]] in U.S. (d. [[1955]])
==Deaths==
===January - June===
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*[[February 26]] - [[Anandi Gopal Joshi]], first Indian woman doctor (b. [[1865]])
*[[February 27]] - [[Alexander Borodin]], Russian composer (b. [[1833]])
*[[March 8]] - [[Henry Ward Beecher]], American clergyman and reformer (b. [[1813]])
*[[March 24]] - [[Ivan Kramskoi]], painter (b. [[1837]])
*[[March 28]] - [[Ditlev Gothard Monrad]], Danish politician (b. [[1811]])
*[[April 23]] - [[John Ceiriog Hughes]], Welsh poet (b. [[1832]])
*[[May 8]] - [[Aleksandr Ulyanov]], Russian revolutionary, brother of V. I. Lenin (b. [[1866]])
*[[May 14]] - [[Lysander Spooner]], American philosopher and abolitionist (b. [[1808]])
*[[June 10]] - [[Richard Lindon]], Inventor of the Rugby Ball, the India-rubber inflatable bladder and the Brass Hand Pump for the same (b. [[1816]])
===July - December=== <!-- DEATHS -->
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* [[July 8]] - [[John Wright Oakes]], Landscape [[painter]] (b. [[1820]])
* [[July 17]] - [[Dorothea Dix]], American social activist (b. [[1802]])
* [[July 25]] - [[John Taylor (1808-1887)|John Taylor]], American religious leader (b. [[1808]])
* [[August 8]] - [[Alexander William Doniphan]], American lawyer and soldier (b. [[1808]])
* [[August 19]] - [[Alvan Clark]], telescope manufacturer (b. [[1804]])
* [[August 20]] - [[Jules Laforgue]], French poet (b. [[1860]])
* [[October 17]] - [[Gustav Kirchhoff]], German physicist (b. [[1824]])
*[[October 21]] - [[Bernard Jauréguiberry]], admiral (b. [[1815]])
* [[November 2]] - [[Jenny Lind]], Swedish soprano (b. [[1820]])
* [[November 8]] - [[Doc Holliday]], American gambler and gunfighter (b. [[1851]])
* [[November 19]] - [[Emma Lazarus]], American poet (b. [[1859]])
*[[November 28]] - [[Gustav Fechner]], experimental psychologist (b. [[1801]])
* [[December 5]] - [[Eliza Roxcy Snow]], American poet (b. [[1804]])
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