1893
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225242964
2008-07-12T17:30:40Z
Skoglund
609014
/* Undated */
{{year nav|1893}}
{{C19YearInTopicX}}
Year '''1893''' ('''[[Roman numerals|MDCCCXCIII]]''') was a [[common year starting on Sunday]] (link will display the full calendar) of the [[Gregorian calendar]] (or a [[common year starting on Friday]] of the 12-day slower [[Julian calendar]]).
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== Events of 1893 ==
===January - March===
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[[Image:MIH-film12 color cerrected denoise.jpg|thumb|140px|right| [[January 2]]: standard [[railroad chronometers]].]]
[[Image:LocationCotedIvoire.png|thumb|150px|right| [[March 10]]: [[Côte d'Ivoire]] becomes [[France|French]] colony.]]
* [[January 2]] - Introduction by [[Webb C. Ball]] of the General Railroad Timepiece Standards in North America: [[railroad chronometers]].
* [[January 13]] - The [[Independent Labour Party]] of the [[United Kingdom|UK]] has its first meeting.
* [[January 17]] - [[Invasion|Intervention]] by the [[United States Marine Corps|U.S. Marines]] in [[Hawaii]], resulting in overthrow of the government of Queen [[Liliuokalani of Hawaii]].
* [[January 21]] - First performance of the [[Cherry Sisters]] in [[Marion, Iowa]].
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* [[February 1]] - [[Thomas A. Edison]] finishes construction of the first [[film|motion picture]] studio ([[West Orange, New Jersey]]).
* [[February 23]] - [[Rudolf Diesel]] receives a patent for the [[diesel engine]].
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* [[March 4]] - End of term for [[President of the United States]] [[Benjamin Harrison]]. He is succeeded by President [[Grover Cleveland|Stephen Grover Cleveland]].
* [[March 10]] - [[Côte d'Ivoire]] becomes a [[France|French]] colony.
* [[March 20]] - In Belgium, [[Adam Worth]] is sentenced to 7 years for robbery (he is released in [[1897]]).
===April - June===
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[[Image:Court of Honor and Grand Basin.jpg|thumb|200px|right| [[May 1]]: [[World's Columbian Exposition]], [[Chicago]]]]
* [[April 1]] - The rank of [[Chief Petty Officer]] is established in the [[United States Navy]].
* [[April 8]] - First recorded [[college basketball]] game occurs in [[Beaver Falls, Pennsylvania]] between the [[Geneva College]] Covenanters and the [[New Brighton, Pennsylvania|New Brighton]] [[YMCA]].
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* [[May 1]] - The [[World's Columbian Exposition|1893 World's Fair]], also known as the World's Columbian Exposition, opens to the public in [[Chicago]], [[United States|USA]]. The first United States commemorative [[postage stamp]]s are issued for the Exposition.
* [[May 5]] - [[Panic of 1893]]: Crash on the [[New York Stock Exchange]] starts a [[depression (economics)|depression]].
* [[May 9]] - First public demonstration of Edison's 1½ inch system of [[Kinetoscope]] at the Brooklyn Institute.
* [[May 10]] - The [[United States Supreme Court]] legally declares the [[tomato]] to be a [[vegetable]].
* May - Formation of the [[Free Presbyterian Church of Scotland]].
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[[Image:British warships, Malta 1902.jpg|thumb|200px|right| [[June 22]]: [[British Mediterranean Fleet|Flagship]] ''Victoria'' sinks.]]
* [[June 6]] - Marriage of [[George V of the United Kingdom|Prince George]], [[Duke of York]] and [[Mary of Teck]].
* [[June 7]] - [[Gandhi]]'s first act of civil disobedience.
* [[June 17]] - [[Gold]] found in [[Kalgoorlie]] [[Western Australia]].
* [[June 20]] - The [[Wengernalpbahn]] railway in [[Wengen, Switzerland]] ([[Canton of Bern]]) is opened.
* [[June 22]] - [[Flagship]] ''Victoria'' of the [[British Mediterranean Fleet]] collides with ''Camperdown'' and sinks in 10 minutes - Vice-admiral Sir [[George Tryon]] goes down with his ship.
===July - September===
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[[Image:Mh kleine scheidegg sommer.jpeg|thumb|200px|right| [[June 20]]: [[Wengernalpbahn]] railway.]]
* [[July 6]] - The small town of [[Pomeroy, Iowa]] is nearly destroyed by a tornado: 71 people are killed and 200 injured.
* [[July 11]] - [[Kokichi Mikimoto]], in [[Japan]], develops the method to seed and grow cultured [[pearl]]s.
* [[July 12]]
**[[Frederick Jackson Turner]] gives lecture titled "[[The Significance of the Frontier in American History]]" before the [[American Historical Association]] in [[Chicago]].
**The [[Dundee FC]], [[Scotland|Scottish]] [[soccer|football]] club, is formed.
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* [[August 27]] - The [[Sea Islands Hurricane]] hits [[Savannah, Georgia|Savannah]], [[Charleston, South Carolina|Charleston]], and the [[Sea Islands]]: 1000-2000 dead.
[[Image:Strand-of-akoya-pearls.jpg|thumb|200px|right| [[July 11]]: [[Kokichi Mikimoto|Mikimoto]] develops [[pearl]]s.]]
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* [[September 7]] - The [[Genoa CFC|Genoa Cricket & Athletic Club]], the oldest [[Italy|Italian]] [[soccer|football]] club, is formed.
* [[September 11]] - Opening meeting of the [[World Parliament of Religions]] in Chicago.
*[[September 19]]
**[[Swami Vivekananda]] delivers an inspiring speech on his paper at [[World Parliament of Religions]] in Chicago.
**[[New Zealand]] becomes the first country in the world to grant women the right to vote.
**Russian [[ironclad]] ''Rusalka'' disappears in a storm en route from [[Tallinn]] to [[Helsinki]]. Her hulk is eventually discovered in July 2003, off Helsinki.
* [[September 21]] - Brothers Charles and Frank [[Duryea]] drive the first gasoline powered [[motorcar]] in America on public roads in [[Springfield]], [[Massachusetts]].
* [[September 23]] - First public mention of the [[Bahá'í Faith]] in the [[United States]] at the [[World Parliament of Religions]] in Chicago.
* [[September 27]] - Closing meeting of the [[World Parliament of Religions]] in Chicago.
* [[September 28]] - [[Portugal|Portuguese]] [[sports club]] [[Futebol Clube do Porto]] is founded.
===October - December===
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* [[October 10]] - First car number plates, in [[Paris]], [[France]].
* [[October 30]] - The 1893 World's Fair, also known as the [[World's Columbian Exposition]], closes.
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*November - In the [[United Kingdom]]: Second reading of [[Local Government Act 1894]] in House of Commons.
* [[November 7]] - [[Colorado]] women are granted the right to vote.
* [[November 15]] - [[FC Basel]] is founded.
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* [[December 5]] - Plural voting abolished in [[New South Wales]].
===Undated===
[[Image:LocationLaos.png|thumb|160px|right| [[France]] conquers [[Laos]].]]
* [[American Council on Alcohol Problems]] is established, along with the [[Anti-Saloon League]] and the [[Committee of Fifty for the Study of the Liquor Problem]].
* Governor John Y. Brown welcomes the Southern Cherokee Nation to Kentucky and recognized them as an Indian tribe.
* [[Physics|Physicist]] [[Wilhelm Wien]] formulates [[Wien's displacement law]].
* [[France]] conquers [[Laos]].
* [[General strike]] occurs in [[Belgium]].
* [[American Temperance University]] is opened.
* [[Millbank Prison]] in London is demolished.
* US President [[Grover Cleveland|Cleveland]] is operated on in secret.
* In the [[U.S.]], the [[National Sculpture Society]] (NSS) is founded.
* The Football Club [[Dulwich Hamlet]] is founded.
* Athletic Club Královské Vinohrady, later [[Sparta Prague]], is founded.
* [[T.M.I.: The Episcopal School of Texas]] is founded.
* [[Colored High]] becomes the first [[African American]] high school in [[Houston, TX]], its name is later changed to [[Booker T. Washington High School (Houston)|Booker T. Washington High School]].
* The [[Ardabil Carpet]] is brought to [[London]].
* [[Evergreen Park]], [[Illinois]] is founded.
* [[Sudbury, Ontario]], [[Canada]] is incorporated as a town.
* [[St. Hilda's College, Oxford]] is founded.
*[[William Gladstone]] introduces a bill to give [[Ireland]] self-government but it fails to pass.
==Births==
{{Year in other calendars|japanese=[[Meiji period|Meiji]] 26}}
===January - June===
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*[[January 5]] - [[Paramahansa Yogananda]], Indian guru (d. [[1952]])
*[[January 12]]
**[[Hermann Göring]], Nazi official (d. [[1946]])
**[[Alfred Rosenberg]], Nazi official (d. [[1946]])
*[[January 15]] - [[Ivor Novello]], Welsh actor and musician (d. [[1951]])
*[[January 22]] - [[Conrad Veidt]], German actor (d. [[1943]])
*[[January 27]] - [[Soong Ching-ling]](宋慶齡), one of the [[Soong sisters]], wife of [[Sun Yat-sen]](孫逸仙, 孫文) (d. [[1981]])
*[[February 3]] - [[Gaston Julia]], French mathematician (d. [[1978]])
*[[February 10]] - [[Jimmy Durante]], American actor, singer, and comedian (d. [[1980]])
*[[February 12]] - [[Omar Bradley]], American general (d. [[1981]])
*[[February 13]] - [[Ana Pauker]], Romanian communist politician (d. [[1960]])
*[[February 16]] - [[Katharine Cornell]], American actress (d. [[1974]])
*[[February 19]] - Sir [[Cedric Hardwicke]] - English actor (d. [[1964]])
*[[February 21]] - [[Andrés Segovia]], Spanish guitarist (d. [[1987]])
*[[March 1]] - [[Mercedes de Acosta]], American poet, playwright, costume designer, and socialite (d. [[1968]])
*[[March 3]]
**[[Beatrice Wood]], American artist and ceramicist (d. [[1998]])
**[[Ivon Hitchens]], English painter (d. [[1979]])
*[[May 8]] - [[Teddy Wakelam]], English sports broadcaster and rugby union player (d. [[1963]])
*[[March 11]] - [[Wanda Gag]], children's author and artist (d. [[1946]])
*[[March 18]] - [[Wilfred Owen]], English soldier and poet (d. [[1918]])
*[[March 26]] - [[Palmiro Togliatti]], Italian communist leader (d. [[1964]])
*[[April 3]] - [[Leslie Howard (actor)|Leslie Howard]], English actor (d. [[1943]])
*[[April 9]] - [[Victor Gollancz]], British publisher (d. [[1967]])
*[[April 12]] - [[Robert Harron]], American actor (d. [[1920]])
*[[April 18]] - [[Georges Boulanger (violinist)|Georges Boulanger]], Romanian violinist (d. [[1958]])
*[[April 20]] - [[Harold Lloyd]], American actor (d. [[1971]])
*[[April 20]] - [[Edna Parker]], world's oldest person (from Aug 15 2007)
*[[April 23]] - [[Allen Dulles]], American Central Intelligence Agency director (d. [[1969]])
*[[April 29]] - [[Harold C. Urey]], American chemist, [[Nobel Prize in Chemistry|Nobel Prize]] laureate (d. [[1981]])
*[[May 3]] - [[Konstantine Gamsakhurdia]], Georgian writer and public benefactor (d. [[1975]])
*[[May 26]] - [[Norma Talmadge]], American actress (d. [[1957]])
*[[May 23]] - [[Ulysses S. Grant IV]], American geologist and paleontologist (d. [[1977]])
*[[June 14]] - [[Siggie Nordstrom]], model, actress, entertainer, socialite and singer (d. [[1980]])
*[[June 24]] - [[Roy Oliver Disney]], brother and business partner of [[Walter Elias Disney]] (d. [[1971]])
*[[June 26]] - [[Big Bill Broonzy]], American blues singer and composer (d. [[1958]])
===July - December=== <!-- BIRTHS -->
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*[[July 3]] - [[Mississippi John Hurt]], American musician (d. [[1966]])
*[[July 4]] - [[Norman Washington Manley]], Jamaican statesman (d. [[1969]])
*[[July 9]] - [[George Geary]], English cricketer (d. [[1981]])
*[[July 20]] - [[George Llewelyn Davies]], inspiration for [[Peter Pan]] (d. [[1915]])
*[[July 25]] - [[Dorothy Dickson]], American-born actress and socialite (d. [[1995]])
*[[July 30]] - [[Fatima Jinnah]], Pakistani [[Mother of the Nation]] (d. [[1967]])
*[[August 6]] - [[Wright Patman]], American politician (d. [[1976]])
*[[August 15]] - [[Leslie Comrie]], New Zealand astronomer and computing pioneer (d. [[1950]])
*[[August 17]] - [[Mae West]], [[American actress]], [[playwright]], [[screenwriter]], and [[sex symbol]] (d. [[1980]])
*[[August 22]]
**[[Dorothy Parker]], American writer (d. [[1967]])
**[[Wilfred Kitching]], the 7th General of [[The Salvation Army]] (d. [[1977]])
*[[August 25]] - [[Henry Trendley Dean]], American dental researcher (d. [[1962]])
*[[August 30]] - [[Huey Long]], [[Louisiana]] governor and senator (d. [[1935]])
*[[September 12]] - [[Frederick William Franz]], President of Jehovah's Witnesses (d. [[1992]])
*[[September 13]] - [[Larry Shields]], American musician (d. [[1953]])
*[[September 16]] - [[Albert Szent-Györgyi]], Hungarian physiologist, [[Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine|Nobel Prize]] laureate (d. [[1986]])
*[[September 18]] - [[William March]], American writer and soldier (d. [[1954]])
*[[September 30]] - [[Lansdale Sasscer]], U.S. Congressman (d. [[1964]])
*[[October 1]] - [[Marianne Brandt]], German industrial designer (d. [[1983]])
*[[October 9]] - [[Mário de Andrade]], Brazilian writer and photographer (d. [[1945]])
*[[October 14]] - [[Lillian Gish]], American actress (d. [[1993]])
*[[October 15]] - King [[Carol II of Romania]] (d. [[1953]])
*[[October 16]] - [[Harry Donenfeld]], American publisher (d. [[1965]])
*[[October 18]] - [[Georges Ohsawa]], Japanese founder of Macrobiotics (d. [[1966]])
*[[October 23]] - [[Gummo Marx]], American comedian and actor (d. [[1977]])
*[[November 3]] - [[Edward Adelbert Doisy]], American biochemist, recipient of the [[Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine]] (d. [[1986]])
*[[November 8]] - [[Clarence Williams]], American jazz musician (d. [[1965]])
*[[November 8]] - [[Prajadhipok]], Rama VII, king of Thailand (d. [[1941]])
*[[November 10]] - [[John P. Marquand]], American novelist (d. [[1960]])
*[[December 8]] - [[Pierre Etchebaster]], French real tennis player (d. [[1980]])
*[[December 24]] - [[Ruth Chatterton]], American actress (d. [[1961]])
*[[December 26]] - [[Mao Zedong]], Chinese leader (d. [[1976]])
*[[December 29]] - [[Berthold Bartosch]], Bohemian animator (d. [[1968]])
*''date unknown'' - [[Clement Martyn Doke]], South African linguist (d. [[1980]])
==Deaths==
===January - June===
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*[[January 2]] - [[John Obadiah Westwood]], British entomologist (b. [[1805]])
*[[January 7]] - [[Joseph Stefan|Jožef Stefan]], Slovenian physicist, mathematician, and poet (b. [[1835]])
*[[January 17]] - [[Rutherford B. Hayes]], 19th President of the United States (b. [[1822]])
*[[January 23]] - [[Lucius Quintus Cincinnatus Lamar (II)|Lucius Quintus Cincinnatus Lamar]], U.S. Supreme Court justice (b. [[1825]])
*[[February 1]] - [[George Henry Sanderson]], Mayor of San Francisco (b. [[1824]])
*[[February 18]] - King [[George Tupou I of Tonga]] (b. [[1797]])
*[[February 18]] - [[Serranus Clinton Hastings]], American politician (b. [[1814]])
*[[February 20]] - [[P.G.T. Beauregard]], American Confederate general (b. [[1818]])
*[[March 16]] - [[William H. Illingworth]], American photographer (b. [[1844]])
*[[March 30]] - [[Jane Sym|Jane Sym-Mackenzie]], second wife of Canada's second prime minister (b. [[1825]])
*[[April 8]] - [[August Czartoryski]], Polish prince (b. [[1858]])
*[[June 14]] - [[Jakob Frohschammer]], theologian and philosopher (b. [[1821]])
*[[June 19]] - [[William Starke Rosecrans]], California congressman and [[Register of the Treasury|Register of the U.S. Treasury]] (b. [[1819]])
*[[June 21]] - [[Amasa Leland Stanford]], Governor of California (b. [[1824]])
*[[June 23]] - Sir [[Theophilus Shepstone]], South African statesman (b. [[1817]])
===July - December=== <!-- DEATHS -->
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*[[July 2]] - [[Georgiana Drew|Georgiana Drew Barrymore]], actress-comedienne (b. [[1856]])
*[[July 16]] - [[Antonio Ghislanzoni]], poet and novelist (b. [[1824]])
*[[July 17]] - [[Frederick A. Johnson]], American politician (b. [[1833]])
*[[August 6]] - [[Jean-Jacques Challet-Venel]], member of the Swiss Federal Council (b. [[1811]])
*[[August 7]] - [[Alfredo Catalani]], composer (b. [[1854]])
*[[October 6]] - [[Ford Madox Brown]], painter (b. [[1821]])
*[[October 8]] - [[John Willis Menard]], African-American politician (b. [[1838]])
*[[October 10]] - [[Lip Pike]], baseball player (b. [[1845]])
*[[October 18]] - [[Charles Gounod]], French composer (b. [[1818]])
*[[October 22]] - [[Duleep Singh]], ruler of Punjab (b. [[1838]])
*[[October 30]] - [[Sir John Joseph Caldwell Abbott]], Canadian politician (b. [[1821]])
*[[November 6]] - [[Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky]], Russian composer (b. [[1840]])
*[[November 22]] - [[James Calder]], 5th President of the Pennsylvania State University (b. [[1826]])
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