1896 34668 222520836 2008-06-29T20:01:38Z Zorrobot 7218328 robot Modifying: [[lt:1896 m.]] {{year nav|1896}} {{C19YearInTopicX}} Year '''1896''' ('''[[Roman numerals|MDCCCXCVI]]''') was a [[leap year starting on Wednesday]] (link will display the full calendar) of the [[Gregorian Calendar]] (or a [[leap year starting on Monday]] of the 12-day slower [[Julian calendar]]). <!-- 12-day span=Mon-Sat,Tue-Sun,Wed-Mon,Thu-Tue,Fr-We,Sa-Th,Sun-Fri --> == Events of 1896 == ===January - March=== <!-- Link all dates, even if repeated, for date-format preferences. --> [[Image:Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen (1845--1923).jpg|thumb|120px|right| [[January 5]]: [[Wilhelm Röntgen|Roentgen]] [[X-ray|rays]].]] [[Image:Roentgen-x-ray-von-kollikers-hand.jpg|thumb|120px|right| [[Wilhelm Röntgen|Roentgen]] [[X-ray]] ([[23 January|23 Jan.]] 1896).]] * [[January 4]] - [[Utah]] is admitted as the 45th [[U.S. state]]. * [[January 5]] - An [[Austria]]n newspaper reports that [[Wilhelm Röntgen]] discovered a type of [[electromagnetic radiation|radiation]] later known as [[X-ray]]s. * [[January 12]] - H.L. Smith takes the first [[X-ray]] photograph. * [[January 18]] - The [[X-ray]] machine is exhibited for the first time. * [[February 1]] **The [[opera]] ''[[La bohème]]'' premieres ([[Turin]]). **Walter Arnold, of [[Kent]], [[England]], is fined for [[speeding]] in excess of the contemporary [[speed limit]] of 2 mph. * [[February 11]] - [[Oscar Wilde]]'s play ''Salomé'' premieres in [[Paris]]. * [[March 1]] - With the [[Battle of Adowa]], [[Ethiopia]] defends its independence from [[Italy]]. * [[9 March]] - Responding to national outrage at the defeat at Adowa, Italian Prime Minister [[Francesco Crispi]] resigns. * [[March 23]] - The [[New York State Legislature]] passes the [[Raines Law]], restricting Sunday alcoholic beverage sales to hotels ===April - June=== <!-- Link all dates, even if repeated, for date-format preferences. --> * [[April 3]] - First edition of [[Italy|Italian]] sports [[newspaper]] ''[[La Gazzetta dello Sport]]'' is published. * [[April 6]] - Opening ceremonies of the [[1896 Summer Olympics]], the first modern [[Olympic Games]]. * [[April 9]] - The official chartering of The National Farm School which later became [[Delaware Valley College]] in Doylestown, PA. * [[May 8]] - Cricket: Against [[Warwickshire]], [[Yorkshire, England|Yorkshire]] sets a still-standing [[County Championship]] record when they accumulate an innings total of 887. * [[May 18]] - The [[U.S. Supreme Court]] rules in ''[[Plessy v. Ferguson]]'', introducing the "[[separate but equal]]" doctrine and upholding [[Racial segregation|segregation]]. * [[May 26]] - [[Charles Dow]] publishes the first edition of the [[Dow Jones Industrial Average]]. * [[May 27]] - The costliest and third deadliest [[St. Louis-East St. Louis Tornado|tornado]] in U.S. history levels a mile wide swath of downtown [[St. Louis, Missouri]], incurring $2.9 billion (1997 USD) in normalized damages, killing more than 255 and injuring over 1,000 people. * [[June 4]] - The [[Ford Quadricycle]], the first [[Ford]] vehicle ever developed, is completed eventually leading [[Henry Ford]] to build the empire that "put America on wheels". * [[June 12]] - [[Jack Hearne (John Thomas Hearne)|J.T. Hearne]] sets a record for the earliest date of taking 100 wickets. It is equalled by [[Charlie Parker (cricketer)|Charlie Parker]] in [[1931]]. * [[June 15]] - [[Earthquake]] and [[tsunami]] in Sanriku, [[Japan]], kills 27,000. [[Image:Panathinaiko.jpg|thumb|190px|right| A picture of the restored [[Panathenaic Stadium]], the site of the [[1896 Summer Olympics]]]] ===July - September=== <!-- Link all dates, even if repeated, for date-format preferences. --> * [[July 9]] - [[William Jennings Bryan]] delivers his [[Cross of gold speech]]. * [[July 11]] - [[Wilfrid Laurier]] becomes [[Canada]]'s seventh [[Prime Minister of Canada|prime minister]]. * [[July 27]] - A [[causeway]] is opened between the islands of [[Saaremaa]] and [[Muhu]] in [[Estonia]]. * [[August 16]] - [[Skookum Jim Mason]], [[George Carmack]] and Dawson Charlie discover [[gold]] in the [[Klondike, Yukon|Klondike]]. * [[August 27]] - The shortest war in recorded history, the [[Anglo-Zanzibar War]], starts at 9 in the morning and lasts for 45 minutes of shelling. * [[September 15]] - [[Crush, Texas|Crash at Crush]] train wreck stunt. * [[September 22]] - [[Victoria of the United Kingdom|Queen Victoria]] surpasses her grandfather [[George III of the United Kingdom|King George III]] as the longest reigning [[British monarchy|monarch]] in British history. ===October - December=== <!-- Link all dates, even if repeated, for date-format preferences. --> * [[October 5]] - After a long siege, [[Brazil]]ian government troops take [[Canudos]] in north Brazil, crushing [[Antonio Conselheiro]] and his followers. * [[October 30]] - [[Augusta, KY]]: Augusta High School corner stone laid marking the end of the [[Augusta Methodist College]]. *November - [[William McKinley]] defeats [[William Jennings Bryan]] in the [[U.S. presidential election, 1896|U.S. presidential election]]. * [[November 6]] - [[Hale Johnson]] runs as vice-presidential candidate for [[Prohibition Party]]. * [[November 30]] - A [[St. Augustine Monster|large carcass]], later postulated to be the remains of a gigantic octopus, is found washed ashore near [[St. Augustine, Florida]]. * [[December 25]] - [[John Philip Sousa]] composes magnum opus, "[[Stars and Stripes Forever]]" on Christmas Day. * [[December 30]] - [[Jose Rizal]], Filipino scholar and poet, executed in the [[Philippines]] ===Undated=== * [[Nepalese]] [[archaeologist]]s rediscover the great stone pillar of [[Ashoka]] at [[Lumbini]], using [[Fa Xian]]'s records. * [[St Patrick's College, Maynooth|Pontifical University of Maynooth]] is established by decree of the [[Holy See|Vatican]] * [[France]] establishes an administrative post in [[Abengourou]], [[Côte d'Ivoire]]. * Formation of the [[New York Telephone]] Company * The "Realignment" of the Republican Party of the United States of America. *Founding of **[[Clarkson University]] (in [[Potsdam, New York]]) **[[Devonport High School for Boys]] (in [[Plymouth]] [[UK]]) ==Births== {{Year in other calendars|japanese=[[Meiji period|Meiji]] 29}} ===January - June=== <!-- Link all dates, even if repeated, for date-format preferences. --> * [[Lawrence Riley]], American playwright and screen writer (d. [[1974]]) * [[January 2]] - [[Dziga Vertov]], Russian filmmaker (d. [[1954]]) * [[January 4]] **[[Everett Dirksen]], American politician (d. [[1969]]) **[[André Masson]], French artist (d. [[1987]]) * [[January 8]] - [[Arthur Ford]], American psychic spiritual medium, clairaudient (d. [[1971]]) * [[January 12]] - [[Rex Ingram (director)|Rex Ingram]], Irish director and actor (d. [[1950]]) * [[January 14]] **<!--January 14-->[[Martin Niemöller]], German theologian and pacifist (d. [[1984]]) **<!--January 14-->[[John Dos Passos]], American author (d. [[1970]]) * [[January 18]] - [[C. M. Eddy, Jr.]], American author (d. [[1967]]) * [[January 20]] - [[George Burns]], American comedian (d. [[1996]]) * [[January 23]] - [[Charlotte, Grand Duchess of Luxembourg]] (d. [[1985]]) * [[February 18]] - [[André Breton]], French writer (d. [[1966]]) * [[February 28]] - [[Philip Showalter Hench]], American physician, recipient of the [[Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine]] (d. [[1965]]) * [[February 29]] - [[Morarji Desai]], Indian politician (d. [[1995]]) * [[March 1]] **[[Dimitris Mitropoulos]], Greek conductor, pianist, and composer (d. [[1960]]) **[[Moriz Seeler]], German writer, poet, film producer, and man of the theatre (d. [[1942]]) * [[March 20]] - [[Wop May|Wilfrid Reid "Wop" May]], Canadian World War I pilot (d. [[1952]]) * [[March 29]] - [[Wilhelm Ackermann]], German mathematician (d. [[1962]]) * [[April 15]] - [[Nikolay Nikolayevich Semyonov]], Russian chemist, [[Nobel Prize in Chemistry|Nobel Prize]] laureate (d. [[1986]]) * [[April 27]] - [[Rogers Hornsby]], American baseball player (d. [[1963]]) * [[April 30]] **[[Hans List]], founder of [[AVL (Anstalt für Verbrennungskraftmaschinen List)|AVL List]] (d. [[1996]]) **[[Gary Davis]], American musician (d. [[1972]]) * [[May 7]] - [[John Dunville]], British Army officer (d. [[1917]]) * [[May 30]] - [[Howard Hawks]], American director (d. [[1977]]) * [[June 6]] - [[Henry Allingham]], British, oldest ever veteran of British armed forces and oldest ever Englishman * [[June 7]] **[[Robert S. Mulliken]], American chemist, [[Nobel Prize in Chemistry|Nobel Prize]] laureate (d. [[1986]]) **[[Douglas Campbell (aviator)|Douglas Campbell]], American World War I flying ace (d. [[1990]]) * [[June 19]] - [[Wallis Simpson]], Duchess of Windsor (d. [[1986]]) ===July - December=== <!-- BIRTHS --> <!-- Link all dates, even if repeated, for date-format preferences. --> * [[July 2]] - [[Quirino Cristiani]], Argentine animated film director (d. [[1984]]) * [[July 10]] - [[Maurice Zbriger]], Canadian violinist, composer and conductor (d. [[1981]]) * [[July 13]] - [[Mordecai Ardon]], Israeli painter (d. [[1992]]) * [[July 16]] - [[Trygve Lie]], Norwegian, first United Nations Secretary General (d. [[1968]]) * [[July 27]] - [[Henri Longchambon]], French politician (d. [[1969]]) * [[August 9]] **<!--August 9-->[[Jean Piaget]], Swiss psychologist (d. [[1980]]) **<!--August 9-->[[Leonide Massine]], Russian ballet dancer and choreographer (d. [[1979]]) * [[August 15]] **<!--August 15-->[[Gerty Cori]], Austrian-born biochemist, recipient of the [[Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine]] (d. [[1957]]) **<!--August 15-->[[Paul Outerbridge]], American photographer (d. [[1958]]) * [[August 18]] - [[Jack Pickford]], American actor (d. [[1933]]) * [[August 22]] - [[W. E. Lawrence]], American actor (d. [[1947]]) * [[August 30]] - [[Raymond Massey]], Canadian-born actor (d. [[1983]]) * [[September 1]] - [[A. C. Bhaktivedanta Swami Prabhupada]], Indian founder of Hare Krishna movement (d. [[1977]]) * [[September 24]] - [[F. Scott Fitzgerald]], American writer (d. [[1940]]) * [[October 7]] - [[Paulino Alcántara]], Philippine-Spanish soccer player (d. [[1964]]) * [[October 12]] - [[Eugenio Montale]], Italian writer, [[Nobel Prize in Literature|Nobel Prize]] laureate (d. [[1981]]) * [[October 27]] - [[Edith Brown]], RMS Titanic survivor (d. [[1997]]) * [[October 28]] - [[Howard Hanson]], American composer (d. [[1981]]) * [[October 31]] - [[Ethel Waters]], American singer and actress (d. [[1977]]) * [[November 4]] - [[Carlos P. Garcia]], president of the Philippines (d. [[1971]]) * [[November 8]] - [[Bucky Harris]], American baseball player (d. [[1977]]) * [[November 10]] - [[Jimmy Dykes]], American baseball player and manager (d. [[1976]]) * [[November 13]] - [[Nobusuke Kishi]], Prime Minister of Japan (d. [[1987]]) * [[November 14]] - [[Mamie Eisenhower]], First Lady of the United States (d. [[1979]]) * [[November 16]] - [[Oswald Mosley]], leader of the British Union of Fascists (d. [[1980]]) * [[November 17]] - [[Lev Vygotsky]], Russian psychologist (d. [[1934]]) * [[December 5]] - [[Carl Ferdinand Cori]], Austrian-born biochemist, recipient of the [[Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine]] (d. [[1984]]) * [[December 6]] - [[Ira Gershwin]], American lyricist (d. [[1983]]) * [[December 14]] - [[Jimmy Doolittle]], American World War II air-force general (d. [[1993]]) * [[December 21]] - [[Leroy Robertson]], American composer (d. [[1971]]) * [[December 27]] - [[Louis Bromfield]], American writer (d. [[1956]]) ==Deaths== ===January - June=== <!-- Link all dates, even if repeated, for date-format preferences. --> *[[January 4]] - [[Joseph Hubert Reinkens]], German Old Catholic bishop (b. [[1821]]) *[[January 8]] - [[Paul Verlaine]], French lyric poet (b. [[1844]]) *[[May 1]] - [[Nasser al-Din Shah|Naser ad-Din Qajar]], Shah of Persia, King of Herat (b. [[1831]]) *[[May 17]] - [[Muhammad Al-Sabah]], emir of Kuwait (b. [[1831]]) *[[May 19]] - [[Archduke Karl Ludwig of Austria]], father of Archduke Ferdinand (b. [[1833]]) *[[May 20]] - [[Clara Schumann]], German composer (b. [[1819]]) *[[May 24]] - [[Federico Luigi, Conte Menabrea]], Italian soldier and statesman (b. [[1809]]) ===July - December=== <!-- Link all dates, even if repeated, for date-format preferences. --> * [[July 1]] - [[Harriet Beecher Stowe]], American author (b. [[1811]]) *[[July 16]] - [[Edmond de Goncourt]], French writer and co-founder of the Académie Goncourt (b. [[1822]]) * [[July 19]] - [[Abraham H. Cannon]], American Mormon apostle (b. [[1859]]) * [[August 10]] - [[Otto Lilienthal]], German aviation pioneer (b. [[1848]]) * [[August 17]] - [[Bridget Driscoll]], early British automobile fatality (b. ''c.'' [[1852]]) *[[August 25]] - [[Hamad bin Thuwaini of Zanzibar]], sultan of Zanzibar (b. [[1857]]) * [[October 11]] **[[Anton Bruckner]], Austrian composer (b. [[1824]]) **[[Edward White Benson]], Archbishop of Canterbury (b. [[1829]]) * [[October 21]] - [[James Henry Greathead]], British engineer and inventor (b. [[1844]]) * [[October 23]] - [[Columbus Delano]], American statesman (b. [[1809]]) *[[November 16]] - [[Josip Šokčević]], Croatian viceroy (b. [[1811]]) * [[December 10]] - [[Alfred Nobel]], Swedish inventor of dynamite and creator of the Nobel Prize (b. [[1833]]) * [[December 30]] - [[José Rizal]], national hero of the Philippines (b. 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