1908
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225231707
2008-07-12T16:22:37Z
Star Garnet
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/* Table of contents */
{{year nav|1908}}
{{C20YearInTopicX}}
Year '''1908''' ('''[[Roman numerals|MCMVIII]]''') was a [[leap year starting on Wednesday]] (link will display the full calendar) of the [[Gregorian calendar]] (or a [[leap year starting on Tuesday]]
of the 13-day-slower [[Julian calendar]]).
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{{C20YearTOC}}
==Events of 1908==
===January===
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[[Image:Grandcanyon laban.jpg|thumb|200px|right| [[January 11]]: [[Grand Canyon National Park|Grand Canyon]] designated as a monument, and later, in [[1919]], becomes a [[National Park]].]]
[[Image:Scout logo2.svg|thumb|120px|right| [[January 24]]: [[Scouting|Boy Scout]] movement.]]
* [[January 1]]
**British [[Harry Bensley]] leaves for his would-be trip around the world pushing a [[Baby_transport#Carriages_and_prams|pram]] and wearing an iron mask, beginning from the [[Trafalgar Square]]
**A ball signifying [[New Year's Day]] drops in [[New York City]]'s [[Times Square]] for the first time.
* [[January 11]] - [[Grand Canyon National Park|Grand Canyon National Monument]] is designated (becomes a National Park in February [[1919]]).
* [[January 12]] - A long-distance [[radio]] message is sent from the [[Eiffel Tower]] for the first time.
* [[January 13]] - 170 people were trapped in the [[Rhoads Opera House]] in [[Boyertown, Pennsylvania]], and burned to death. The tragedy would be a catalyst for stricter fire safety laws nationwide.
* [[January 15]] - [[Alpha Kappa Alpha|Alpha Kappa Alpha Sorority]], the first Greek-letter organization by and for black college women is established.
* [[January 21]] - [[New York City]] passes a law, the [[Sullivan Ordinance]], making it illegal for women to smoke in public, only to be vetoed by the mayor.
* [[January 24]] - [[Robert Baden-Powell]] begins the [[Scouting|Boy Scout]] movement.
===February===
* [[February 1]] - King [[Carlos I of Portugal]] and [[Luís Filipe, Prince Royal of Portugal|Infante Luis Filipe]] are shot dead in [[Lisbon]].
* [[February 3]] - Greek [[multisport club]] [[Panathinaikos]] is founded.
* [[February 11]] - Australia regains [[The Ashes]] with a 308 run [[cricket]] victory over England.
* [[February 12]]
**<!---February 12--> Start of the first around-the-world car race, the [[1908 New York to Paris Race]].
**<!---February 12--> [[De Meester]]'s Dutch government leaves office.
* [[February 18]] - [[Japan]]ese immigration to the USA is forbidden.
* [[February 25]] - [[Los Angeles]]. The Bible Institute of Los Angeles (now [[Biola University]]) founded.
===March===
* [[March 4]] - The [[Collinwood School Fire]], [[Collinwood]] near [[Cleveland]], [[Ohio]], kills 174 people.
* [[March 7]] - The [[University of British Columbia]] is established by the [[British Columbia University Act]].
* [[March 9]] - [[Internazionale Football Club]] founded in [[Milan]], [[Italy]].
* [[March 21]] - Frenchman [[Henri Farman]] pilots the first passenger flight.
* [[March 25]] - [[Clube Atlético Mineiro]] founded in [[Belo Horizonte]], [[Minas Gerais]], [[Brazil]].
* [[March 27]] - First overseas [[Scouting|Scout Troop]] formed in [[Gibraltar]].
===April===
* [[April 19]] - The [[Garfield Park Conservatory]] in [[Chicago]], designed by [[Jens Jensen (landscape architect)|Jens Jensen]], opens to the public for the first time.
* [[April 20]] - [[Sunshine train disaster]] in [[Melbourne]],[[Australia]]. Two trains collide killing 44 people and injuring more than 400 (over 100 seriously).<ref>[http://www.ballaratgenealogy.org.au/goroke/wwm1908.htm Ballarat Genealogy: Newspaper Report of the accident]</ref>
* [[April 21]] - [[Frederick Cook]]'s claimed date to have reached [[North Pole]]
* [[April 24]] - The seventh deadliest tornado in U.S. history strikes the towns of [[Amite, Louisiana]], Pine, Louisiana and [[Purvis, Mississippi]], killing 143 people and injuring 770.
* [[April 27]] - The opening ceremony of the [[1908 Summer Olympics|London Olympics]] is held.
===May===
* [[May 10]] - [[Mother's Day (United States)|Mother's Day]] is observed for the first time (Andrew's Methodist Church in [[Grafton, West Virginia]]).
* [[May 24]] - [[Empire Day]] is accepted as the traditional formation date of the 1st Arundel (Earl of Arundel's) Own Scout Group, although Scouting was probably active in Arundel prior to this date.
* [[May 26]] - At [[Masjid-al-Salaman]] in southwest [[Iran|Persia]], the first major commercial [[oil]] discovery in the [[Middle East]] is made. The rights to the resource are quickly acquired by the [[United Kingdom]].
===June===
[[Image:Tunguska event fallen trees.jpg|thumb|240px|Evidence of the [[Tunguska event]] that occurred on June 30. This photo was taken [[1927|19 years later.]]]]
* [[June 20]] - The [[Georgia Tech Alumni Association]] is chartered in [[Atlanta]], [[Georgia (U.S. State)|Georgia]].
* [[June 30]] - The [[Tunguska event]], also known as the "Russian explosion" occurs near the [[Stony Tunguska|Podkamennaya Tunguska River]] in [[Krasnoyarsk Krai]], [[Siberia]], [[Russian Empire]].
===July===
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* [[July 3]] - [[Young Turks]] start [[Young Turk Revolution|revolution]] in the [[Ottoman Empire]], and force sultan [[Abdul Hamid II]] to adhere to the constitution of [[1876]].
* [[July 6]] - [[Robert Peary]] sets sail for the [[Geographic North Pole|North Pole]].
* [[July 11]]-[[July 12|12]] night - Steamship ''Amalthea'', housing 80 British [[strikebreaker]]s while in [[Malmö]] harbour, [[Sweden]], bombed by [[Anton Nilson]]. 1 dead, 20 injured.
* [[July 19]] - [[Feyenoord Rotterdam]] football club founded.
* [[July 22]] - [[Automobile]] manufacturing company [[Fisher Body]] founded.
* [[July 24]] - [[Dorando Pietri]] wins the Olympic [[marathon]] in [[London]] in one of the most dramatic arrivals of the Olympic history, only to be disqualified soon afterwards.
* [[July 26]] - United States Attorney General [[Charles Joseph Bonaparte]] issues an order to immediately staff the Office of the Chief Examiner (later renamed the [[Federal Bureau of Investigation]]).
===August===
* [[August 24]] - After an intense power struggle, [[Abdelaziz of Morocco|Abd al-Aziz IV]], sultan of [[Morocco]] is deposed and is succeeded by his brother [[Abdelhafid of Morocco|Abd al-Hafiz]]. (Date of proclamation)
* [[August 31]] - Charter granted for Wayland Literary and Technical Institute in Plainview, Texas, now [[Wayland Baptist University]].
===September===
* [[September 8]] - [[Denmark|Danish]] minister of Justice, [[Peter Adler Alberti]], is revealed to be an [[embezzling|embezzler]]
* [[September 17]] - At [[Ft Myer]], [[Virginia]], [[Thomas Selfridge]] becomes the first person to die in an airplane crash. The pilot, [[Orville Wright]], is severely injured in the crash but recovers.
* [[September 23]] - The [[University of Alberta]] is founded in [[Edmonton, Alberta]], [[Canada]].
* [[September 27]] - [[Henry Ford]] produces his first [[Ford Model T|Model T]] automobile.
===October===
* [[October 5]] - [[Bulgaria]] declares its independence from the [[Ottoman Empire]] - [[Ferdinand I of Bulgaria]] becomes [[Tsar]]
* [[October 6]] - The [[Bosnian Crisis]] begins after the [[Austro-Hungarian Empire]] annexed [[Bosnia and Herzegovina]].
* [[October 13]] - The [[Church of the Nazarene]] is organised officially at [[Pilot Point, Texas]] as the Pentecostal Church of the Nazarene. This is the official "birthday" of the denomination.
* [[October 14]] - The [[Chicago Cubs]] win the [[World Series]] by defeating the [[Detroit Tigers]] 2–0 in the fifth game, their second World Championship win in a row and the most recent championship the team has won.
===November===
* [[November 3]] - [[William Howard Taft]] defeats [[William Jennings Bryan]] in the [[U.S. presidential election, 1908|U.S. presidential election]]
* [[November 6]] - Western bandits [[Butch Cassidy]] and The [[Sundance Kid]] are supposedly killed in [[Bolivia]], after being surrounded by a large group of soldiers. There are many rumors to the contrary however, and their grave sites are unmarked.
* [[November 13]] - [[Andrew Fisher]] becomes the 5th [[Prime Minister of Australia]].
* [[November 14]] - [[Elizabeth Garrett Anderson]] is the first woman in England to be elected [[mayor]] (of [[Aldeburgh]])
* [[November 24]] - The first [[credit union]] in the United States begins operation in [[Manchester, NH]].
* [[November 29]] - [[Iraklis Thessaloniki]], the historic Greek sports club is founded, named after the mythical Greek hero [[Hercules]].
===December===
* [[December 2]] - Child [[Emperor]] [[Pu Yi]] ascends the [[China|Chinese]] throne at the age of two.
* [[December 28]] - A 7 Richter scale earthquake destroys [[Messina, Italy|Messina]], [[Sicily]] and rocks [[Calabria]] killing over 75,000 people.
===Undated===
* British [[suffragettes]] begin a campaign for female suffrage.
* Due to the evidence collected by [[Roger Casement]], [[Léopold II of Belgium]] is forced to make reforms in [[Congo Free State|Congo]], which is his personal colony.
* ''[[The Children's Encyclopedia]]'' is first published.
* Bureau of Investigation, forerunner of the [[Federal Bureau of Investigation|FBI]], is founded.
* [[Blackball, New Zealand]] coal miners strike for 11 weeks, an important step in the formation of the [[New Zealand Labour Party]].
* [[Henri Matisse]] opens his own art academy.
* A 40,000-year-old [[Neanderthal]] boy skeleton is found at [[Le Moustier]] in southwest [[France]].
* The Child Labour Act of Ontario is passed.
* The [[Irish Universities Act, 1908]] is passed and creates the [[National University of Ireland]] at [[Dublin]] and the [[Queen's University of Belfast]].
* First [[Ideal Home Exhibition]] held.
* The Manila Business School was made into national school since the majority of its student came from different parts of the [[Philippines]]; renaming as the Philippine School of Commerce; which later to be the [[Polytechnic University of the Philippines]].
* The [[University of the Philippines]] is founded at [[Manila]].
* First year of [[rugby league]] in [[Australia]].
* [[American Temperance University]] closes.
* Club Union becomes [[Chivas de Guadalajara]].
*[[Vimto]] is invented by John Noel Nichols. Originally sold under the name Vimtonic, Nichols shortened it to Vimto in [[1912]].
===Ongoing===
*[[Black Patch Tobacco Wars]]
== Births ==
{{Year in other calendars|japanese=[[Meiji period|Meiji]] 41}}
===January-February===
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* [[January 8]] - [[William Hartnell]], British actor (d. [[1975]])
* [[January 9]] - [[Simone de Beauvoir]], French feminist writer (d. [[1986]])
* [[January 12]] - [[Jean Delannoy]], French film director (d. [[2008]])
* [[January 14]] - [[Russ Columbo]], singer, bandleader, and composer (d. [[1934]])
* [[January 15]] - [[Edward Teller]], Hungarian-born physicist (d. [[2003]])
* [[January 22]] - [[Lev Davidovich Landau]], Russian physicist, [[Nobel Prize]] laureate (d. [[1968]])
* [[January 26]] - [[Stéphane Grappelli]], French jazz violinist and composer (d. [[1997]])
* [[January 27]] - [[Oran Page|Oran "Hot Lips" Page]], American jazz musician (d. [[1954]])
* [[February 1]] - [[George Pál]], Hungarian-born animator (d. [[1980]])
* [[February 2]] - [[Justice M. Chambers]], [[Medal of Honor]] recipient (d. [[1982]])
* [[February 5]] - [[Hilton twins|Daisy and Violet Hilton]], English conjoined twin actresses (d. [[1969]])
* [[February 11]] - [[Vivian Ernest Fuchs]], English geologist and explorer (d. [[1999]])
* [[February 12]]
**[[Jean Effel]], French painter and journalist (d. [[1982]])
**[[August Neo]], Estonian wrestler, Olympic medalist (d. [[1982]])
*[[February 17]]
**[[Red Barber]], American baseball announcer and sports journalist (d. [[1992]])
**[[Bo Yibo]], Chinese politician and one of the [[Eight Immortals of the Communist Party of China]] (d. [[2007]])
*[[February 22]] - [[John Mills]], English actor (d. [[2005]])
*[[February 23]] - [[William McMahon]], twentieth [[Prime Minister of Australia]] (d. [[1988]])
*[[February 26]]
**[[Tex Avery]], American cartoonist (d. [[1980]])
**[[Jean-Pierre Wimille]], French race car driver (d. [[1949]])
*[[February 29]]
**[[Balthus]], French painter (d. [[2001]])
**[[Dee Brown (writer)|Dee Brown]], American writer and historian (d. [[2002]])
===March-April===
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*[[March 2]] - [[Walter Bruch]], German engineer (d. [[1990]])
*[[March 4]] - [[T.R.M. Howard]], civil rights leader & surgeon (d. [[1976]])
*[[March 5]] - [[Rex Harrison]], English actor (d. [[1990]])
*[[March 7]] - [[Anna Magnani]], Italian actress (d. [[1973]])
*[[March 12]] - [[Rita Angus]], New Zealand painter (d. [[1970]])
*[[March 13]] - [[Walter Annenberg]], American publisher and philanthropist (d. [[2002]])
*[[March 17]] - [[Brigitte Helm]], German actress (d. [[1996]])
*[[March 20]]
**Sir [[Michael Redgrave]], English actor (d. [[1985]])
**[[Frank Stanton]], American businessman (d. [[2006]])
*[[March 22]] - [[Louis L'Amour]], American author (d. [[1988]])
*[[March 25]]
**[[Helmut Kautner|Helmut Käutner]], German actor and director (d. [[1980]])
**[[David Lean]], English film director (d. [[1991]])
*[[March 27]] - [[Semprini]], English musician (d. [[1990]])
*[[March 29]] - [[Arthur O'Connell]], American actor (d. [[1981]])
*[[April 1]] - [[Abraham Maslow]], American psychologist (d. [[1970]])
*[[April 2]] - [[Buddy Ebsen]], American actor and dancer (d. [[2003]])
*[[April 4]]
**[[Ernestine Gilbreth Carey]], American author (d. [[2006]])
**[[Frances Ford Seymour]], American socialite (d. [[1950]])
*[[April 5]]
**[[Bette Davis]], American actress (d. [[1989]])
**[[Herbert von Karajan]], Austrian conductor (d. [[1989]])
**[[Jagjivan Ram]], Indian politician (d. [[1986]])
*[[April 6]] - [[John P. Davies]], American diplomat (d. [[1999]])
*[[April 7]] - [[Percy Faith]], Canadian-born composer, musician (d. [[1976]])
*[[April 8]] - [[Tito Guízar]], Mexican singer and film actor (d. [[1999]])
*[[April 15]] - [[eden ahbez]], American musician (d. [[1995]])
*[[April 20]] - [[Lionel Hampton]], American musician and bandleader (d. [[2002]])
*[[April 24]] - [[Józef Gosławski (Polish sculptor)|Józef Gosławski]], Polish sculptor and medallic artist (d. [[1963]])
*[[April 25]] - [[Edward R. Murrow]], American journalist (d. [[1965]])
*[[April 28]] - [[Oskar Schindler]], Austria-Hungary industrialist (d. [[1974]])
*[[April 29]] - [[Jack Williamson]], American science fiction author (d. [[2006]])
*[[April 30]] - [[Bjarni Benediktsson]], Icelandic foreign and later prime minister (d. [[1970]])
===May-June===
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*[[May 1]] - [[Krystyna Skarbek]], Polish-born heroine of World War II (d. [[1952]])
*[[May 5]] - [[Kurt Böhme]], German bass (d. [[1989]])
*[[May 7]] - [[Max Grundig]], German inventor and industrialist (d. [[1989]])
*[[May 8]] - [[Cristian Vasile]], Romanian singer (d. [[1974]])
*[[May 19]] - [[Percy Williams]], Canadian athlete (d. [[1982]])
*[[May 20]] - [[James Stewart (actor)|James Stewart]], American actor (d. [[1997]])
*[[May 23]]
**[[Max Abramovitz]], Architect of the [[New York City]] firm Harrison, Abramovitz, & Abbe (d. [[2004]])
**[[John Bardeen]], American physicist, [[Nobel Prize in Physics|Nobel Prize]] laureate (d. [[1991]])
**[[Hélène Boucher]], French aviatrix (d. [[1934]])
*[[May 25]] - [[Theodore Roethke]], American poet (d. [[1963]])
*[[May 26]] - [[Nguyen Ngoc Tho]], first prime minister of South Vietnam.
*[[May 28]] - [[Ian Fleming]], English writer (d. [[1964]])
*[[May 30]]
**[[Hannes Alfvén]], Swedish physicist, [[Nobel Prize in Physics|Nobel Prize]] laureate (d. [[1995]])
**[[Mel Blanc]], American voice actor (d. [[1989]])
*[[May 31]] - [[Don Ameche]], American actor (d. [[1993]])
*[[June 12]] - [[Marina Semenova]], Russian ballerina
*[[June 18]] - [[Bud Collyer]], American voice actor and game show host (d. [[1969]])
*[[June 20]] - [[Billy Werber]], American baseball player
*[[June 21]] - [[Yoon Bong-Gil]], Korean resister against Japanese occupation of Korea (d. [[1932]])
*[[June 24]] - [[Hugo Distler]], German composer (d. [[1942]])
*[[June 26]] - [[Salvador Allende]], [[President of Chile]] (d. [[1973]])
*[[June 26]] - [[William F. Knowland]], Americian politician, U.S. Senate Leader, newspaperman (d. [[1974]])
*[[June 27]] - [[Bill Kennedy (actor)|Bill Kennedy]], American actor (d. [[1997]])
*[[June 29]] - [[Leroy Anderson]], American composer (d. [[1975]])
*[[June 30]] - [[Winston Graham]], English writer (d. [[2003]])
===July-August===
*[[July 12]] - [[Milton Berle]], American comedian (d. [[2002]])
*[[July 25]]
**[[Bill Bowes]], English cricketer (d. [[1987]])
**[[Kathryn Eames]], American actress (d. [[2004]])
*[[July 27]] - [[Joseph Mitchell]], American writer (d. [[1996]])
*[[August 2]] - [[Al Alquist]], California politician (d. [[2006]])
*[[August 4]] - [[Kurt Eichhorn]], German conductor (d. [[1994]])
*[[August 5]] - [[Harold Holt]], [[Prime Minister of Australia]] (d. [[1967]])
*[[August 9]] - [[A. I. Bezzerides]], American screenwriter (d. [[2007]])
*[[August 10]] - [[Rica Erickson]], Australian botanist
*[[August 16]] - [[William Keepers Maxwell, Jr.|William Maxwell]], American novelist and editor (d. [[2000]])
*[[August 20]] - [[Al Lopez]], baseball player and manager (d. [[2005]])
*[[August 21]] - [[M. M. Kaye]], British writer (d. [[2004]])
*[[August 22]] - [[Henri Cartier-Bresson]], French photographer (d. [[2004]])
*[[August 23]] - [[Hannah Frank]], Scottish artist and sculptor
*[[August 27]]
**Sir [[Donald Bradman]], Australian cricketer (d. [[2001]])
**[[Lyndon Johnson]], [[President of the United States]] (d. [[1973]])
*[[August 28]]
**[[Roger Tory Peterson]], American naturalist, artist, and educator (d. [[1996]])
**[[Robert Merle]], French writer (d. [[2004]])
*[[August 30]] - [[Leonor Fini]], Argentine artist (d. [[1996]])
===September-October===<!--BIRTHS-->
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*[[September 2]] - [[Nikolai Aleksandrovich Kozyrev]], Russian astronomer/astrophysicist. (d.[[1983]])
*[[September 3]] - [[Lev Semenovich Pontryagin]], Russian mathematician (d. [[1988]])
*[[September 4]] - [[Richard Wright]], American author (d. [[1960]])
*[[September 6]]
**[[Louis Essen]], English physicist (d. [[1997]])
**[[Korczak Ziolkowski]], American sculptor (d. [[1982]])
*[[September 7]]
**[[Paul Brown]], American football coach (d. [[1991]])
**[[Michael DeBakey]], Internationally recognized pioneer of modern medicine. (d. [[2008]])
*[[September 10]] - [[Raymond Scott]], composer, bandleader, [[electronic music]] pioneer (d. [[1994]])
*[[September 12]] - [[Reginald C. Fuller]], Roman Catholic priest and writer in England
*[[September 13]] - [[Mae Questel]], American actress (d. [[1998]])
*[[September 15]] - [[Penny Singleton]], American actress (d. [[2003]])
*towards [[September 15]] - [[Miško Kranjec]], Slovenian writer (d. [[1983]])
*[[September 19]] - [[Paul Benichou|Paul Bénichou]], French intellectual (d. [[2001]])
*[[September 21]] - [[Charles Upham]], New Zealand soldier (d. [[1994]])
*[[September 29]] - [[Eddie Tolan]], American athlete (d. [[1967]])
*[[September 30]] - [[David Oistrakh]], Ukrainian-born violinist (d. [[1974]])
*[[October 1]] - [[Umar Dimayev]], Chechen folk singer (d. [[1972]])
*[[October 6]] - [[Carole Lombard]], American actress (d.[[1942]])
*[[October 9]] - [[Lee Wiley]], American jazz singer (d. [[1975]])
*[[October 14]] - [[Ruth Hale (playwright and actress)|Ruth Hale]], American playwright and actress (d. [[2003]])
*[[October 15]] - [[John Kenneth Galbraith]], Canadian economist (d. [[2006]])
*[[October 16]] - [[Enver Hoxha]], dictator of Albania (d. [[1985]])
*[[October 17]] - [[Kenji Miyamoto (politician)|Kenji Miyamoto]], Japanese politician (d. [[2007]])
*[[October 19]]
**[[Sydney MacEwan]], Scottish singer (d. [[1990]])
**[[Geirr Tveitt]], Norwegian composer (d. [[1981]])
*[[October 20]] [[Carl Stuart Hamblen]], American musician and Presidential candidate (d. [[1989]])
*[[October 21]] - [[Jorge Oteiza]], Spanish painter (d. [[2003]])
*[[October 22]] - [[John Gould (columnist)|John Gould]], American humorist, essayist, and columnist (d. [[2003]])
*[[October 23]]
**[[Abdurakhman Avtorkhanov]], Chechen historian (d. [[1997]])
**[[Ilya Frank]], Russian physicist, [[Nobel Prize in Physics|Nobel Prize]] laureate (d. [[1990]])
*[[October 25]]
**[[Tauno Palo]], Finnish actor (d. [[1982]])
**[[Edmond Pidoux]], Swiss writer (d. [[2004]])
*[[October 28]] - [[Arturo Frondizi]], President of [[Argentina]] (d. [[1995]])
===November-December===<!--BIRTHS-->
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*[[November 2]] - [[Fred Bakewell]], English cricketer (d. [[1983]])
*[[November 4]] - [[Józef Rotblat]], Polish physicist, recipient of the [[Nobel Peace Prize]] (d. [[2005]])
*[[November 10]] - [[Charles Merritt]], Canadian Army officer and recipient of the [[Victoria Cross]] during [[World War II]] (d. 2000)
*[[November 12]] - [[Harry Blackmun]], American judge (d. [[1999]])
*[[November 16]] - [[Sœur Emmanuelle]], French nun
*[[November 18]] - [[Imogene Coca]], American actress (d. [[2001]])
*[[November 20]] - [[Alistair Cooke]], English-born journalist (d. [[2004]])
*[[November 23]] - [[Nelson S. Bond]], American science fiction writer (d. [[2006]])
*[[November 26]] - [[Charles Forte]], Scottish businessman (d. [[2007]])
*[[November 28]] - [[Claude Lévi-Strauss]], Belgian-born anthropologist
*[[December 3]] - [[Edward Underdown]], film and stage veteran (d. [[1989]])
*[[December 4]] - [[Alfred Hershey]], American bacteriologist, recipient of the [[Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine]] (d. [[1997]])
*[[December 6]] - [[Pierre Graber]], Swiss Federal Councilor (d. [[2003]])
*[[December 10]] - [[Olivier Messiaen]], French composer (d. [[1992]])
*[[December 11]]
**[[Elliott Carter]], American composer
**[[Manoel de Oliveira]], Portuguese film director
*[[December 17]] - [[Willard Libby]], American chemist, [[Nobel Prize in Chemistry|Nobel Prize]] laureate (d. [[1980]])
*[[December 22]] - [[Kočo Racin]], Macedonian poet and revolutionary (d. [[1943]])
*[[December 23]] - [[Sol Carter]], American baseball player (d. [[2006]])
*[[December 31]] - [[Simon Wiesenthal]], Austrian Nazi-hunter (d. [[2005]])
*''date unknown''
**[[March 19]] - [[George Rodger]], British photojournalist (d. [[1995]])
**[[Howard Cary]], American engineer (d. [[1991]])
**[[Aden Abdullah Osman Daar]], Somali politician (d. [[2007]])
== Deaths ==
===January - June===
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* [[January 9]] - [[Wilhelm Busch]], German painter and poet (b. [[1832]])
*[[January 17]] - [[Ferdinand IV, Grand Duke of Tuscany]] (b. [[1835]])
* [[January 25]] - [[Ouida]], English writer (b. [[1839]])
* [[February 1]] - King [[Carlos I of Portugal]] (b. [[1863]])
* [[April 20]] - [[Henry Chadwick (writer)|Henry Chadwick]], English-born baseball writer and historian (b. [[1824]])
* [[April 22]] - [[Henry Campbell-Bannerman]], [[Prime Minister of the United Kingdom]] (b. [[1836]])
*[[April 26]] - [[Karl Möbius]], ecologist (b. [[1825]])
* [[May 26]] - [[Mirza Ghulam Ahmad]], founder of the [[Ahmadiyya]] movement in Islam (b. [[1835]])
* [[June 13]] - [[Henry Lomb]], German-American optician who co-founded [[Bausch & Lomb]] (b. [[1848]])
* [[June 14]] - [[Frederick Stanley, 16th Earl of Derby|Frederick Stanley]], founder of the [[Stanley Cup]], the [[National Hockey League|NHL]] Championship Trophy (b. [[1841]])
* [[June 21]] - [[Nikolai Rimsky-Korsakov]], Russian composer (b. [[1844]])
* [[June 24]] - [[Grover Cleveland]], 22nd and 24th [[President of the United States]] (b. [[1837]])
===July - December=== <!--DEATHS-->
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*[[July 3]] - [[Joel Chandler Harris]], author (b. [[1848]])
* [[July 5]] - [[Jonas Lie]], Norwegian author (b. [[1833]])
*[[July 6]] - [[Felipe Calderón y Roca]], Filipino politician (b. [[1868]])
* [[July 10]] - [[Phoebe Knapp]], American hymn composer (b. [[1839]])
* [[July 20]] - [[Demetrius Vikelas]], Greek International Olympic Committee president (b. [[1835]])
* [[July 22]] - [[William Randal Cremer]], English politician and pacifist, recipient of the [[Nobel Peace Prize]] (b. [[1828]])
*[[August 4]] - [[Radoje Domanović]], controversial Serbian writer (b. [[1873]])
* [[August 25]] - [[Henri Becquerel]], French physicist, [[Nobel Prize in Physics|Nobel Prize]] laureate (b. [[1852]])
* [[August 26]] - [[Tony Pastor]], American vaudeville and theater impresario (b. [[1837]])
* [[September 20]] - [[Pablo de Sarasate]], Spanish violinist and composer (b. [[1844]])
* [[September 29]] - [[Joaquim Maria Machado de Assis]], Brazilian author (b. [[1839]])
* [[October 30]] - [[Caroline Webster Schermerhorn Astor|Caroline Astor]], American socialite (b. [[1830]])
* [[November 3]] - [[Harro Magnussen]], German sculptor (b. [[1861]])
*[[November 4]]
**[[Richard Gerstl]], artist (b. [[1883]])
**[[Tomás Estrada Palma]], first President of Cuba (b. [[1832]])
* [[November 14]] - The [[Guangxu Emperor]] of China (b. [[1871]])
* [[November 15]] - [[Empress Dowager Cixi]], ruler of China (b. [[1835]])
==Nobel prizes==
* [[Nobel Prize in Physics|Physics]] - [[Gabriel Lippmann]]
* [[Nobel Prize in Chemistry|Chemistry]] - [[Ernest Rutherford]]
* [[Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine|Medicine]] - [[Ilya Ilyich Mechnikov]], [[Paul Ehrlich]]
* [[Nobel Prize in Literature|Literature]] - [[Rudolf Christoph Eucken]]
* [[Nobel Peace Prize|Peace]] - [[Klas Pontus Arnoldson]], [[Fredrik Bajer]]
==See also==
* [[Boy Scouts of America]] - are founded circa this time period.
==Notes==
{{commonscat}}
<references/>
==External links==
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