1912 Summer Olympics
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{{Olympics infobox|1912|Summer |
Name = Games of the V Olympiad |
Logo = Olympic 1912.jpg |
Size = 200 |
Optional caption = |
Host city = [[Stockholm]], [[Sweden]] |
Nations participating = 28 |
Athletes participating = 2,407 (2,359 men, 48 women) |
Events = 102 in 14 [[sport]]s |
Opening ceremony = [[May 5]], [[1912]] |
Closing ceremony = [[July 27]], [[1912]] |
Officially opened by = [[Gustav V of Sweden]] |Athlete's Oath=
|Judge's Oath=
|Olympic Torch= |
Stadium = [[Stockholms Olympiastadion|Olympiastadion]]|
}}
The '''1912 Summer Olympics''', officially known as the '''Games of the V Olympiad''', were an [[international]] multi-[[sport]] event which was celebrated in 1912 in [[Stockholm]], [[Sweden]]. For the first time, competitors in the Games came from all five [[continents]] symbolized in the Olympic rings. Also for the first time since [[1896 Summer Olympics|1896]], all athletic events were held within a reasonably short time span of about one month, from late June to late July (though the opening ceremony was still held much earlier). It was the last time that solid gold medals were awarded; modern medals are usually gold plated silver. The main arena was [[Stockholms Olympiastadion]].
A winter sports week for the 1912 Games featuring figure skating was rejected by organizers because they wanted to promote the [[Nordic Games]], a quadrennial sporting event, instead.
==Highlights==
* [[Francisco Lázaro]], a [[Portugal|Portuguese]] runner died from the heat while running the [[marathon (sport)|marathon]], the first athlete in the history of the modern Olympics to die during competition.
*A Greco-Roman Wrestling bout between Klein and Asikainen lasted 11 hours and forty minutes—the world's longest wrestling match.<ref>[http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/olympics_2004/wrestling/history/default.stm Ancient art back in Athens] BBC story, 16 March 2004</ref><ref>[http://thelongestlistofthelongeststuffatthelongestdomainnameatlonglast.com/long358.html The World's Longest Wrestling Match] (thelongestlistofthelongeststuffatthelongestdomainnameatlonglast.com)</ref> After Klein finally took the victory, he was too tired to compete in the final. Thus Johansson, the other wrestler to make the final-three to determine the medals, whose only loss in the elimination rounds had been the double loss to Asikainen, became the gold medalist.
* American [[Jim Thorpe]] won the [[pentathlon]] and the newly created [[decathlon]]. He was disqualified because of violation of the principles of amateurism, but was reinstated in 1982.
* Swedish marksman [[Oscar Swahn]] became the oldest Olympic gold medalist (up to that time), at the age of 64, in the deer-shooting event.
* Women's events in [[swimming]] and [[diving]] were introduced.
[[Image:Opening 1912 Stockholm Olympics.jpg|thumb|right|300px|Opening Ceremony]]
* Sweden, as the host country, refused to allow boxing events.
* Future [[World War II]] [[General]] [[George S. Patton]] took part in the first [[modern pentathlon]] competition. Modern pentathlon was the idea of [[Pierre de Coubertin]].
* In athletics, electric timing devices were first used.
* This was the last Olympics where "private entries" were allowed (ie not part of a country's officially selected team). [[Arnold Jackson]] was one such, winning the 1500m by 0.1 second, ahead of an American trio, who were strong favourites, in what was acclaimed at the time as "the greatest race ever run". Aged 21, he remains the youngest ever winner of this event.
* For the first time, Serbian athletes took part. They were the representatives of [[Kingdom of Serbia]] and were sent by the Serbian Olympic Club: sprinter [[Dušan Milošević]], who ranked third in the 100 m qualification group and marathon runner [[Dragutin Tomašević]], who finished in 37th position.
* [[Ewart Horsfall|Ewart Douglas Horsfall]] won his first two gold medals for Great Britain in rowing. He has widely been considered Britain's greatest rower prior to Steve Redgrave.
* 1912 saw the first [[art competitions at the Olympic Games]], a tradition that was to be kept up until [[1948 Summer Olympics|1948]]. The American [[Walter Winans]] became the only person ever to win Olympic medals both in an athletic competition (a silver medal in shooting) and in an art competition (a gold medal in sculpture).
==Medals awarded==
[[Image:Jim Thorpe1912 Olympics.jpg|thumb|right|150px|[[Jim Thorpe]] in action at the 1912 Olympics.]]
{|
|
* [[Athletics at the 1912 Summer Olympics|Athletics]]
* [[Cycling at the 1912 Summer Olympics|Cycling]]
* [[Diving at the 1912 Summer Olympics|Diving]]
* [[Equestrian at the 1912 Summer Olympics|Equestrian]]
* [[Fencing at the 1912 Summer Olympics|Fencing]]
* [[Football at the 1912 Summer Olympics|Football]]
* [[Gymnastics at the 1912 Summer Olympics|Gymnastics]]
* [[Modern pentathlon at the 1912 Summer Olympics|Modern pentathlon]]
|width=20|
|valign=top|
* [[Rowing at the 1912 Summer Olympics|Rowing]]
* [[Sailing at the 1912 Summer Olympics|Sailing]]
* [[Shooting at the 1912 Summer Olympics|Shooting]]
* [[Swimming at the 1912 Summer Olympics|Swimming]]
* [[Tennis at the 1912 Summer Olympics|Tennis]]
* [[Tug of war at the 1912 Summer Olympics|Tug of war]]
* [[Water polo at the 1912 Summer Olympics|Water polo]]
* [[Wrestling at the 1912 Summer Olympics|Wrestling]]
|}
===Demonstration sport===
* [[Baseball at the 1912 Summer Olympics|Baseball]]
* [[Glima at the 1912 Summer Olympics|Glima]]
==Participating nations==
[[Image:1912 Olympic games countries.PNG|thumb|240px|Participants]]
28 nations competed in Stockholm.
{|
|
* {{flagIOC|ANZ|1912 Summer}}
* {{flagIOC|AUT|1912 Summer}}
* {{flagIOC|BEL|1912 Summer}}
* {{flagIOC|BOH|1912 Summer}}
* {{flagIOC|CAN|1912 Summer}}
* {{flagIOC|CHI|1912 Summer}}
* {{flagIOC|DEN|1912 Summer}}
* {{flagIOC|EGY|1912 Summer}}
* {{flagIOC|FIN|1912 Summer}}
* {{flagIOC|FRA|1912 Summer}}
|width=40|
|valign=top|
* {{flagIOC|GER|1912 Summer}}
* {{flagIOC|GBR|1912 Summer}}
* {{flagIOC|GRE|1912 Summer}}
* {{flagIOC|HUN|1912 Summer}}
* {{flagIOC|ISL|1912 Summer}}
* {{flagIOC|ITA|1912 Summer}}
* {{flagIOC|JPN|1912 Summer}}
* {{flagIOC|LUX|1912 Summer}}
* {{flagIOC|NED|1912 Summer}}
|width=40|
|valign=top|
* {{flagIOC|NOR|1912 Summer}}
* {{flagIOC|POR|1912 Summer}}
* {{flagIOC|RUS|1912 Summer}}
* {{flagIOC|SRB|1912 Summer}}
* {{flagIOC|RSA|1912 Summer}}
* {{flagIOC|SWE|1912 Summer}}
* {{flagIOC|SUI|1912 Summer}}
* {{flagIOC|TUR|1912 Summer}}
* {{flagIOC|USA|1912 Summer}}
|}
==Medal count==
{{Main|1912 Summer Olympics medal count}}
These are the top ten nations that won medals at the 1912 Games.
{| {{RankedMedalTable}}
|-
| 1 ||align=left| {{flagIOC|USA|1912 Summer}} || 25 || 19 || 19 || 63
|- bgcolor=ccccff
| 2 ||align=left| {{flagIOC|SWE|1912 Summer}} (host nation) || 24 || 24 || 17 || 65
|-
| 3 ||align=left| {{flagIOC|GBR|1912 Summer}} || 10 || 15 || 16 || 41
|-
| 4 ||align=left| {{flagIOC|FIN|1912 Summer}} || 9 || 8 || 9 || 26
|-
| 5 ||align=left| {{flagIOC|FRA|1912 Summer}} || 7 || 4 || 3 || 14
|-
| 6 ||align=left| {{flagIOC|GER|1912 Summer}} || 5 || 13 || 7 || 25
|-
| 7 ||align=left| {{flagIOC|RSA|1912 Summer}} || 4 || 2 || 0 || 6
|-
| 8 ||align=left| {{flagIOC|NOR|1912 Summer}} || 4 || 1 || 4 || 9
|-
|rowspan=2| 9 ||align=left| {{flagIOC|CAN|1912 Summer}} || 3 || 2 || 3 || 8
|-
|align=left| {{flagIOC|HUN|1912 Summer}} || 3 || 2 || 3 || 8
|}
==See also==
*[[International Olympic Committee]]
*[[IOC country codes]]
==External links==
{{commonscat}}
* [http://www.olympic.org/uk/games/past/index_uk.asp?OLGT=1&OLGY=1912 IOC Stockholm 1912 Page]
* [http://www.okscg.org.yu/i105e.htm Serbian Olympic Committee]
{{start box}}
{{succession box|title=''[[Summer Olympic Games]]'' <br> Stockholm|before=[[1908 Summer Olympics|London]]|after=[[1916 Summer Olympics|Berlin]]|years=''V Olympiad'' (1912)}}
{{end box}}
{{Olympic Games}}
[[Category:1912 Summer Olympics|*]]
[[Category:Sports festivals hosted in Sweden]]
[[ar:ألعاب أولمبية صيفية 1912]]
[[bn:১৯১২ গ্রীষ্মকালীন অলিম্পিক্স]]
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[[et:1912. aasta suveolümpiamängud]]
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[[ko:1912년 하계 올림픽]]
[[hr:V. Olimpijske igre - Stockholm 1912.]]
[[id:Olimpiade Stockholm 1912]]
[[it:Giochi della V Olimpiade]]
[[he:אולימפיאדת סטוקהולם (1912)]]
[[la:1912 Olympia Aestiva]]
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[[mk:Летни олимписки игри - 1912]]
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[[no:Sommer-OL 1912]]
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[[ru:Летние Олимпийские игры 1912]]
[[simple:1912 Summer Olympics]]
[[sl:Poletne olimpijske igre 1912]]
[[sr:Летње олимпијске игре 1912.]]
[[sh:Olimpijada 1912]]
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[[sv:Olympiska sommarspelen 1912]]
[[th:โอลิมปิกฤดูร้อน 1912]]
[[tr:1912 Yaz Olimpiyatları]]
[[wa:Djeus olimpikes d' esté di 1912]]
[[zh:1912年夏季奥林匹克运动会]]