1916
34677
224723273
2008-07-10T03:28:46Z
Cosmic Latte
3190204
/* January - June */
{{year nav|1916}}
{{C20YearInTopicX}}
Year '''1916''' ('''[[Roman numerals|MCMXVI]]''') was a [[leap year starting on Saturday]] (link will display the full calendar) of the [[Gregorian calendar]] (or a [[leap year starting on Friday]] of the 13-day-slower [[Julian calendar]]).
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{{C20YearTOC}}
==Events of 1916==
===January===
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[[Image:Claude Monet 038.jpg|thumb|310px|right| [[January 1]]: [[Claude Monet]] paints ''Water Lilies'' series.]]
* [[January 1]]
**The [[Royal Army Medical Corps]] first successful [[blood transfusion]] using blood that had been stored and cooled.
**[[Impressionist]] painter [[Monet]] paints ''Water Lilies'' series.
* [[January 5]] - Rainmaker [[Charles Hatfield]] - begins; it will cause flooding around [[San Diego, California]]
* [[January 8]] - Allied forces withdraw from [[Gallipoli]]
* [[January 13]]/[[January 14|14]] - A heavy storm sweeps through the [[Zuiderzee]] in [[the Netherlands]], causing extensive damage. This storm helped the Dutch parliament to decide to build the [[Afsluitdijk]] and build [[polders]] in the current [[IJsselmeer]].
* [[January 17]] - The [[Professional Golfers Association of America]] (PGA) is formed
* [[January 18]] - A 611 [[gram]] chondrite type [[meteor]] struck a house near [[Baxter, Missouri|Baxter]], [[Stone County, Missouri]].
* [[January 23]] to [[January 24]] In [[Browning, Montana]], the temperature drops from +6.7°C to -48.8°C (44°F to -56°F) in one day, the greatest change ever on record for a 24-hour period.
* [[January 24]] - In [[Brushaber v. Union Pacific Railroad]] the [[Supreme Court of the United States]] upholds the federal [[income tax]]
* [[January 28]] - [[Louis D. Brandeis]] becomes the first [[Jew]] appointed to the [[Supreme Court of the United States]].
* [[January 29]] - [[World War I]]: [[Paris]] is bombed by [[Germany|German]] [[zeppelin]]s for the first time.
===February===
* [[February 3]] - Parliament buildings in [[Ottawa]], [[Canada]] are burned down.
* [[February 9]] - 6.00 p.m. - [[Tristan Tzara]] "founds" [[Dadaism]] (according to [[Hans Arp]]).
* [[February 11]]
**[[Emma Goldman]] is arrested for lecturing on [[birth control]].
**[[Baltimore Symphony Orchestra]] presents its first concert.
**[[Romania]]n [[football (soccer)|football]] club [[FC Sportul Studenţesc Bucureşti|Sportul Studenţesc]] is founded.
* [[February 21]] - [[World War I]]: In [[France]] the [[Battle of Verdun]] begins.
===March===
* [[March 1]] - [[British Columbia Liberal Party|Liberal]] [[British Columbia]] Premier [[Harlan Carey Brewster]] term in office ends
* [[March 6]] - [[Sydney conservatorium of music]] in [[Australia]] accepts first students
* [[March 8]]-[[March 9|9]] night - [[Mexican Revolution]] - [[Pancho Villa]] leads 1,500 [[Mexico|Mexican]] raiders in an attack against [[Columbus, New Mexico]], killing 17. Garrison of US 13th Cavalry Regiment fights back and drives them away.
* [[March 15]] - [[President of the United States|President]] [[Woodrow Wilson]] sends 12,000 [[United States]] troops over the [[U.S.-Mexico border]] to pursue [[Pancho Villa]]; 13th Cavalry regiment enters [[Mexico|Mexican]] territory.
* [[March 16]]
**<!--March 16-->US 7th and 10th cavalry regiments under [[John J. Pershing]] crosses the border to join the hunt of Villa
**<!--March 16-->[[Sussex (French passenger ferry)|Passenger ferry ''Sussex'']] torpedoed, resulting in [[Sussex pledge]]
* [[March 19]] - First [[United States]] air combat mission in history as eight US planes take off in pursuit of [[Pancho Villa]]
* [[March 20]] - At the age of 32, [[Ota Benga]] built a ceremonial fire, chipped off the caps on his teeth, performed a final tribal dance, and shot himself in the heart with a stolen pistol.
* [[March 22]] - Marriage of [[Edith Bratt]] and [[John Ronald Reuel Tolkien]]. They would serve as the inspiration for the [[fictional character]]s [[Lúthien]] and [[Beren]].
===April===
* [[April 20]] - [[Chicago Cubs]] played their first game at Weeghman Park (currently [[Wrigley Field]]), defeating the [[Cincinnati Reds]] 7-6 in 11 innings
* [[April 24]] - [[April 30]] - [[Easter Rising]] in [[Ireland]]
* [[April 27]] - [[Battle of Hulluch]] in [[World War I]], 47th Brigade, 16th Irish Division decimated in one of the most heavily-concentrated gas attacks of the war
* [[April]] - The [[light switch]] was invented by William J. Newton and Morris Goldberg
===May===
* [[May 5]] - [[USMC|United States Marines]] invade the [[Dominican Republic]].
* [[May 16]] - [[United Kingdom|Britain]] and [[France]] conclude the secret [[Sykes-Picot Agreement]] which is to divide Arab areas of the [[Ottoman Empire]] following the conclusion of [[World War I]] into French and British [[sphere of influence|spheres of influence]].
* [[May 20]] - The ''[[Saturday Evening Post]]'' publishes its first cover with a [[Norman Rockwell]] painting ("Boy with Baby Carriage").
* [[May 21]] - [[United Kingdom|Britain]] initiates [[daylight saving time]].
* [[May 22]] - [[United States v. Forty Barrels and Twenty Kegs of Coca-Cola]] is decided.
* [[May 31]] - [[June 1]] - [[Battle of Jutland]]
===June===
* [[June 4]] - The [[Brusilov Offensive]], the height of Russian operations in WWI, begins with the breakthrough of Austro-Hungarian lines.
* [[June 5]]
**[[Louis Brandeis]] is sworn in as a [[Past Justices of the Supreme Court of the United States|Justice of the United States Supreme Court]].
**[[HMS Hampshire (1903)|HMS ''Hampshire'']] sinks off the [[Orkney Islands]], [[Scotland]], with [[Horatio Kitchener, 1st Earl Kitchener|Lord Kitchener]] aboard
* [[June 15]] - U.S. President [[Woodrow Wilson]] signs a bill incorporating the [[Boy Scouts of America]]. [http://www.scouting.org/Media/FactSheets/02-507.aspx]
===July===
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* [[July 1]] - [[November 18]]: More than 1 [[million]] soldiers die during The [[Battle of the Somme (1916)|Battle of the Somme]] including 60,000 casualties for the [[Commonwealth of Nations|British Commonwealth]] on the first day.
* [[July 1]] - [[July 12]]: at least one shark mauled five swimmers along 80 miles of New Jersey coastline during the [[Jersey Shore shark attacks of 1916]], resulting in four deaths and survival of one youth who required limb amputation. This event was the inspiration for author [[Peter Benchley]], over half a century later, to write '''[[Jaws (film)|Jaws]]'''.
* [[July 2]] - [[Battle of Erzincan]]
* [[July 8]] - [[July 16]]- Massive flooding caused by two different hurricanes devastates Western North Carolina.
* [[July 15]] - In [[Seattle, Washington]], [[William Boeing]] incorporates Pacific Aero Products (later renamed [[Boeing]]).
* [[July 22]] - In [[San Francisco, California]], a bomb explodes on Market Street during a [[Preparedness Day]] parade killing 10 injuring 40. ([[Warren Billings]] and [[Thomas Mooney|Tom Mooney]] are later wrongly convicted of it)
* [[July 29]] - In [[Ontario, Canada]], a lightning strike ignites a forest fire that destroys the towns of [[Cochrane, Ontario|Cochrane]] and [[Matheson, Ontario|Matheson]] - 233 dead
* [[July 30]] - German agents cause the [[Black Tom explosion]] in [[Jersey City, New Jersey]], an act of sabotage destroying an ammunition depot and killing at least seven people.
===August===
* [[August 7]] - [[Portugal]] joins the allies in the [[World War I]]
* [[August 9]] - [[Lassen Volcanic National Park]] is established.
* [[August 25]] - President Woodrow Wilson signs legislation creating the [[National Park Service]].
* [[August 29]] - At least 1,000 killed, [[Chinese]] steamer ship ''[[Hsin Yu]]'' capsized off Chinese coast.
===September===
* September - Bulgaria takes Dobruja from the Romanians.
* [[September 2]] - [[William Leefe-Robinson]] becomes the first pilot to shoot down a German [[airship]] over Britain.
* [[September 13]] - Mary, a circus elephant, is hanged in the town of Erwin, Tennessee for killing her handler, Walter "Red" Eldridge.
* [[September 27]] - [[Iyasu V of Ethiopia|Iyasu]] is proclaimed deposed as ruler of [[Ethiopia]] in a palace coup in favor of his aunt [[Zauditu of Ethiopia|Zauditu]].
===October===
[[Image:New Zealand trench Flers September 1916.jpg|thumb|200px|Troops from [[New Zealand]] during [[World War I]].]]
* [[October 12]] - [[Hipólito Yrigoyen]] is elected [[President of Argentina]].
* [[October 14]] - The [[Perm State University]] was founded in [[Russia]].
* [[October 16]] - [[Margaret Sanger]] opens the first U.S. birth control clinic -a forerunner of [[Planned Parenthood]].
* [[October 27]] - [[Battle of Segale]]: [[Negus]] [[Mikael of Wollo|Mikael]], marching on the [[Ethiopia]]n capital in support of his son Emperor [[Iyasu V of Ethiopia|Iyasu]], is defeated by Fitawrari [[Habte Giyorgis]], securing the throne for Empress [[Zauditu of Ethiopia|Zauditu]].
===November===
* [[November 1]] - [[Paul Miliukov]] delivers in the [[State Duma]] the famous "stupidity or treason" speech, precipitating the downfall of the [[Boris Stürmer]] government.
* [[November 5]] - [[Kingdom of Poland (Mitteleuropa)|Kingdom of Poland]] proclaimed by joint act of emperors of Germany and Austria
* [[November 5]] - [[Honan Chapel]], Cork, Ireland, a product of the Irish Arts & Crafts Movement(1894-1925), is dedicated.
* [[November 7]]
**[[Woodrow Wilson]] defeats [[Charles Evans Hughes|Charles E. Hughes]] in the [[U.S. presidential election, 1916|U.S. presidential election]].
**[[Republican Party (United States)|Republican]] [[Jeannette Rankin]] of [[Montana]] becomes the first woman elected to the [[United States House of Representatives]].
* [[November 13]] - [[Prime Minister of Australia]] [[Billy Hughes]] is expelled from the [[Australian Labor Party|Labor Party]] over his support for [[conscription]].
* [[November 18]] - [[World War I]]: [[Battle of the Somme (1916)|First Battle of the Somme]] ends - In [[France]], British Expeditionary Force commander [[Douglas Haig]] calls off the battle which started on [[July 1]], 1916.
* [[November 21]] - [[HMHS Britannic]] (built in 1911 and launched in 1914), the third and largest Olympic-class ocean liner of the [[White Star Line]], sister ship of [[RMS Olympic]] and the legendary [[RMS Titanic]], sank after hitting a mine with the loss of 30 lives.
* [[November 23]] - [[World War I]],[[Eastern Front (World War I)|Eastern Front]]: [[Bucharest]], the capital of [[Romania]], is occupied by the troops of the [[Central Powers]].
* [[November 25]] - [[Friedrich Adler]] shoots [[Karl von Stürgkh]], [[List of Ministers-President of Austria|Prime Minister of Austria]]
===December===
*December - [[Sopwith Camel]] aircraft is introduced to combat the German-built [[Fokker]] fighter aircraft.
* [[December 12]] - In the [[Dolomites]], an [[avalanche]] buries 18,000 Austrian and Italian soldiers.
* [[December 23]] - [[World War I]]: [[Battle of Magdhaba]] - In the [[Sinai Peninsula|Sinai]] desert, [[Australia]]n and [[New Zealand]] mounted troops capture the [[Turkey|Turkish]] garrison.
* [[December 29]] - [[Grigori Rasputin]] is murdered by two [[Romanov]] family members.
* [[December 30]] - [[Humberto Gómez]] and his mercenaries seize [[Arauca Department|Arauca]] in [[Colombia]] and declare ''Republic of Arauca''. He proceeds to pillage the region before fleeing to [[Venezuela]]
* [[December 31]] - The [[Hampton Terrace Hotel, North Augusta|Hampton Terrace Hotel]] in [[North Augusta, South Carolina]], one of the largest and most luxurious hotels in the nation at the time, burns to the ground.
===Undated===
* Rodeo's first side-delivery bucking chute designed and made by the [[Bascom]] boys, Raymond, Mel, Earl and their father John W. Bascom at [[Welling, Alberta|Welling]], [[Alberta]] [[Canada]]
* ''Cours de linguistique générale'' by [[Ferdinand de Saussure]] is published.
* [[Summer Olympic Games]] in [[Berlin]], [[Germany]], are cancelled.
* Food is rationed in [[Germany]].
* [[Ernst Rüdin]] publishes his initial results on the [[genetics]] of [[schizophrenia]].
* The [[Netherlands]] is hit by a [[North Sea]] storm that floods lowlands and kills 10.000 people.
* [[Robert Baden-Powell]] founds [[Wolf Cubs]] scouts in Britain, changed to [[Cub Scouts]] in the [[United States|USA]].
* [[Louis Enricht]] claims he has a substitute for [[gasoline]]
* [[Gustav Holst]] composes ''[[The Planets]]'', Opus 32
* [[Bray Studios]] creates the [[Farmer Al Falfa]] series, the first of the [[Terrytoons]].
* [[Society of Motion Picture and Television Engineers]] is founded.
* The ''Enrico Parodi'' sinks while in tow off the [[The Carracks]] in [[Cornwall]], [[England]].
===Ongoing===
* [[World War I]] ([[1914]]-[[1918]]).
* [[Mexican Revolution]].
===Fictional===
The following are references to year 1916 in fiction:
*''[[Citizen Kane]]'' (1941): In this year, [[Charles Foster Kane]] runs for [[New York governor]] and loses. Also in 1916, Emily Monroe Norton [[divorce]]s him and, in either this year or in [[1917]], he marries Susan Alexander.
==Births==
{{Year in other calendars|japanese=[[Taishō]] 5}}
===January-February===
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*[[January 3]] - [[Betty Furness]], American actress and consumer activist (d. [[1994]])
*January 3 - [[Bernard Greenhouse]], American cellist
*[[January 7]] - [[Paul Keres]], Estonian chess player (d. [[1975]])
*[[January 9]] - [[Peter Twinn]], English mathematician and World War II code-breaker (d. [[2004]])
*[[January 10]] - [[Sune Bergström]], Swedish biochemist, recipient of the [[Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine]] (d. [[2004]])
*[[January 12]] - [[Pieter Willem Botha]], [[President of South Africa]] (d. [[2006]])
*[[January 17]] - [[Peter Frelinghuysen, Jr.]], American politician
*[[January 18]] - [[Silviu Brucan]], Romanian author and politician (d. [[2006]])
*[[January 19]] - [[Harry Huskey]], American computer designer
*[[January 22]] - [[Henri Dutilleux]], French composer
*[[January 24]]
**[[Marvin Creamer]], American sailor
**[[Rafael Caldera]], [[President of Venezuela]]
*[[February 2]] - [[Olaf Pooley]], English actor
*[[February 4]] - [[Shah Maghsoud Sadegh Angha]], 41st master of the [[Oveyssi]] [[Sufi]] order (d. [[1980]])
*[[February 9]] - [[Tex Hughson]], baseball player (d. [[1993]])
*[[February 11]]
**[[Ivan Hristov Bashev]], Bulgarian Foreign Minister (d. [[1971]])
**[[Joseph Alioto]], Mayor of San Francisco (d. [[1998]])
*[[February 14]]
**[[Sally Gray]], English actress (d. [[2006]])
**[[Masaki Kobayashi]], Japanese film director (d. [[1996]])
**[[Denham Harman]], American gerontologist
**[[Marcel Bigeard]], French military officer
*[[February 15]] - [[Ernest Millington]], English politician
*[[February 18]] - [[Maria Altmann]], Austrian Holocaust survivor and hieress
*[[February 20]] - [[Jean Erdman]], American dancer
*[[February 23]] - [[Retta Scott]], first female Disney animator to be credited on a feature film (d. [[1990]])
*[[February 26]] - [[Jackie Gleason]], American comedian (d. [[1987]])
*[[February 28]]
** [[Svend Asmussen]], Danish jazz violinist
** [[Cesar Climaco]], Filipino politician (d. [[1984]])
*[[February 29]] - [[Dinah Shore]], American singer (d. [[1994]])
===March-April===
*[[March 3]] - [[Paul Halmos]], Hungarian-born mathematician (d. [[2006]])
*[[March 4]]
**[[William Alland]], American actor, producer, writer and director (d. [[1997]])
**[[Giorgio Bassani]], Italian writer (d. [[2000]])
**[[Hans Eysenck]], German-born psychologist (d. [[1997]])
*[[March 11]] - [[Harold Wilson]], [[Prime Minister of the United Kingdom]] (d. [[1995]])
*[[March 13]]
**[[John Aspinwall Roosevelt]], American businessman and philanthropist (d. [[1981]])
**[[Lindy Boggs]], American politician
*[[March 14]] - [[Horton Foote]], American writer
*[[March 15]] - [[Harry James]], American musician and band leader (d. [[1983]])
*[[March 17]]
**[[Ray Ellington]], British singer (d. [[1985]])
**[[Volodia Teitelboim]], Chilean author and politician
*[[March 19]] - [[Irving Wallace]], American novelist (d. [[1990]])
*[[March 20]] - [[Pierre Messmer]], French politician (d. [[2007]])
*[[March 24]] - [[Donald Hamilton]], Swedish-born writer (d. [[2006]])
*[[March 26]] - [[Christian B. Anfinsen]], American chemist, [[Nobel Prize in Chemistry|Nobel Prize]] laureate (d. [[1995]])
*[[March 29]] - [[Eugene McCarthy]], U.S. Senator from Minnesota and Presidential candidate (d. [[2005]])
*[[March 31]] - [[Lucille Bliss]], American voice actor
*[[April 3]]
**[[Peter Gowland]], American photographer
**[[Herb Caen]], American journalist (d. [[1997]])
*[[April 5]] - [[Gregory Peck]], American actor (d. [[2003]])
*[[April 11]] - [[Alberto Ginastera]], Argentine composer (d. [[1983]])
*[[April 12]]
**[[Beverly Cleary]], American author
**[[Benjamin Libet]], American pioneering scientist in the field of human consciousness (d. [[2007]])
*[[April 13]] - [[Phyllis Fraser]], American actor and publisher (d. [[2006]])
*[[April 15]] - [[Alfred S. Bloomingdale]], American department store heir (d. [[1982]])
*[[April 18]] - [[José Joaquín Trejos Fernández]], [[President of Costa Rica]]
*[[April 22]] - [[Yehudi Menuhin]], American-born violinist (d. [[1999]])
*[[April 24]] - [[Stanley Kauffmann]], American film critic
*[[April 25]] - [[R.J. Rushdoony]], American founder of Christian Reconstructionism (d. [[2001]])
*[[April 26]]
**[[Dorothy Salisbury Davis]], American writer
**[[George Tuska]], American comic strip artist
*[[April 28]] - [[Ferruccio Lamborghini]], Italian automobile manufacturer (d. [[1993]])
*[[April 30]]
**[[Claude Elwood Shannon]], American information theorist (d. [[2001]])
**[[Robert Shaw (conductor)|Robert Shaw]], American conductor (d. [[1999]])
===May-June===
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*[[May 1]] - [[Glenn Ford]], American actor (d. [[2006]])
*[[May 6]] - [[Robert H. Dicke]], American experimental physicist (d. [[1997]])
*[[May 8]] - [[Chinmayananda]], Indian spiritual leader (d. [[1993]])
*[[May 8]] - [[João Havelange]], Brazilian industrialist and football league president
*[[May 10]] - [[Milton Babbitt]], American composer
*[[May 11]] - [[Camilo José Cela]], Spanish writer, [[Nobel Prize in Literature|Nobel Prize]] laureate (d. [[2002]])
*[[May 14]] - [[Sammy Luftspring]], Canadian boxer (d. [[2000]])
*[[May 15]] - [[Ephraim Katzir]], [[President of Israel]]
*[[May 17]] - [[Lenka Reinerová]], Czech writer
*[[May 20]] - [[Trebisonda Valla]], Italian athlete (d. [[2006]])
*[[May 20]] - [[Owen Chadwick]], British author and historian
*[[May 21]]
**[[Lydia Mendoza]], American musician (d. [[2007]])
**[[Tinus Osendarp]], Dutch runner (d. [[2002]])
**[[Harold Robbins]], American novelist (d. [[1997]])
*[[May 26]] - [[Henriette Roosenburg]], Dutch journalist (d. [[1972]])
*[[May 31]]
**[[Bert Haanstra]], Dutch filmmaker (d. [[1997]])
**[[Bernard Lewis]], British historian
*[[June 4]] - [[Robert F. Furchgott]], American chemist, recipient of the [[Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine]]
*[[June 5]] - [[Eddie Joost]], baseball player and manager
*[[June 8]] - [[Francis Crick]], English molecular biologist, recipient of the [[Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine]] (d. [[2004]])
*[[June 9]] - [[Robert McNamara]], U.S. Secretary of Defense
*[[June 15]] - [[Herbert Simon]], American economist, [[Nobel Prize in Economics|Nobel Prize]] laureate (d. [[2001]])
*[[June 18]] - [[Julio César Turbay Ayala]], Colombian politician (d. [[2005]])
*[[June 23]]
**[[Hermann Gmeiner]], Austrian educator (d. [[1986]])
**[[Len Hutton]], English cricketer (d. [[1990]])
*[[June 24]] - [[William B. Saxbe]], American politician
===July-August===
*[[July 1]]
**[[Olivia de Havilland]], British actress
**[[Lawrence Halprin]], American architect
*[[July 2]]
**[[Hans-Ulrich Rudel]], German pilot (d. [[1982]])
**[[Zélia Gattai]], Brazilian author and photographer
*[[July 3]] - [[John Kundla]], American basketball coach
*[[July 4]]
**[[Iva Toguri D'Aquino]], "Tokyo Rose" (d. [[2006]])
**[[Fernand Leduc]], Canadian painter
*[[July 8]] - [[Jean Rouverol]], American actress, screenwriter, and author
*[[July 9]] - [[Edward Heath]], [[Prime Minister of the United Kingdom]] (d. [[2005]])
*[[July 11]]
**[[Aleksandr Mikhailovich Prokhorov]], Russian physicist, [[Nobel Prize in Physics|Nobel]] laureate (d. [[2002]])
**[[Gough Whitlam]], twenty-first [[Prime Minister of Australia]]
**[[Reg Varney]], British actor
*[[July 14]] - [[Natalia Ginzburg]], Italian author (d. [[1991]])
*[[July 18]] - [[L. Patrick Gray III]], American Federal Bureau of Investigation director (d. [[2005]])
*[[July 19]] - [[Phil Cavarretta]], baseball player
*[[July 22]]
**[[Marcel Cerdan]], French boxer (d. [[1949]])
**[[Larry Hooper]], American singer and musician (d. [[1983]])
*[[July 25]] - [[Fred Lasswell]], American cartoonist (d. [[2001]])
*[[July 27]] - [[Elizabeth Hardwick]], American literary critic and novelist (d. [[2007]])
*[[July 28]] - [[David Brown (producer)|David Brown]], American producer
*[[July 30]] - [[Dick Wilson]], American actor (d. [[2007]])
*[[July 31]] - [[Bill Todman]], American game show producer (d. [[1979]])
*[[August 1]] - [[Fiorenzo Cardinal Angelini]], Italian Cardinal
*[[August 5]] - [[Kermit Love]], American puppeter
*[[August 6]] - [[Dom Mintoff]], [[Prime Minister of Malta]]
*[[August 14]] - [[Ralph de Toledano]], American conservationist and author (d. [[2007]])
*[[August 16]] - [[Iggy Katona]], American race car driver (d. [[2003]])
*[[August 20]] - [[Paul Felix Schmidt]], Estonian chess player (d. [[1984]])
*[[August 25]]
**[[Frederick Chapman Robbins]], American pediatrician and virologist, recipient of the [[Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine]] (d. [[2003]])
**[[Van Johnson]], American actor
*[[August 27]] - [[Martha Raye]], American actress (d. [[1994]])
*[[August 28]] - [[Jack Vance]], American writer
*[[August 29]] - [[Luther Davis]], American screenwriter
*[[August 30]] - [[Shag Crawford]], American umpire in Major League Baseball (d. [[2007]])
*[[August 31]]
**[[Daniel Schorr]], American journalist
**[[John S. Wold]], American politician
===September-October===
*[[September 1]]
**[[Dorothy Cheney]], American tennis player
**[[Joseph Minish]], American politician (d. [[2007]])
*[[September 13]] - [[Roald Dahl]], Welsh author (d. [[1990]])
*[[September 14]] - [[John Heyer]], Australian documentary filmmaker (d. [[2001]])
*[[September 16]] - [[Frank Leslie Walcott]], Barbadian labour leader (d. [[1999]])
*[[September 18]] - [[John Jacob Rhodes]], American politician and lawyer (d. [[2003]])
*[[September 21]] - [[Zinovi Gerdt]], Russian actor (d. [[1996]])
*[[September 27]] - [[Frank Handlen]], American artist
*[[October 3]]
**[[Shelby Storck]], American television producer (d. [[1969]])
**[[James Herriot]], Scottish veterinarian and author (d. [[1995]])
*[[October 4]] - [[Vitaly Ginzburg]], Russian physicist, [[Nobel Prize in Physics|Nobel]] laureate
*[[October 12]] - [[Alice Childress]], American actress, playwright, and novelist (d. [[1994]])
*[[October 14]] - [[C. Everett Koop]], United States Surgeon General
*[[October 19]]
**[[Jean Dausset]], French immunologist, recipient of the [[Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine]]
**[[Emil Gilels]], Ukrainian pianist (d. [[1994]])
*[[October 26]] - [[François Mitterrand]], [[President of France]] (d. [[1996]])
*[[October 30]] - [[Leon Day]], baseball player (d. [[1995]])
===November-December===
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*[[November 1]] - [[John C. Harkness]], American architect
*[[November 4]] - [[Walter Cronkite]], American television journalist
*[[November 5]] - [[Jim Tabor]], baseball player (d. [[1953]])
*[[November 10]] - [[Louis le Brocquy]], Irish painter
*[[November 11]] - [[Robert Carr]], British politician
*[[November 12]] - [[Rogelio de la Rosa]], Filipino actor and politician (d. [[1986]])
*[[November 14]] - [[Sherwood Schwartz]], American television writer and producer
*[[November 16]] - [[Daws Butler]], American voice actor (d. [[1988]])
*[[November 24]] - [[Forrest J. Ackerman]], American writer
*[[November 26]] - [[Gerhard Unger]], German tenor
*[[November 27]] - [[Chick Hearn]], American basketball announcer (d. [[2002]])
*[[November 28]]
**[[Mary Lilian Baels]], queen of [[Léopold III of Belgium]] (d. [[2002]])
**[[Ramón José Velásquez]], [[President of Venezuela]]
*[[November 29]] - [[Fran Ryan]], American actress (d. [[2000]])
*[[December 7]] - [[George Russell Weller]] retired salesman known for the Santa Monica Farmer's Market incident
*[[December 8]] - [[Richard Fleischer]], American film director (d. [[2006]])
*[[December 9]] - [[Kirk Douglas]], American actor
*[[December 11]] - [[Dámaso Pérez Prado]], Cuban musician (d. [[1989]])
*[[December 14]] - [[Shirley Jackson]], American writer (d. [[1965]])
*[[December 15]] - [[Maurice Wilkins]], New Zealand-born physicist, recipient of the [[Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine]] (d. [[2004]])
*[[December 18]]
**[[Betty Grable]], American actress (d. [[1973]])
**[[Douglas Fraser]], Scottish-born union leader (d. [[2008]])
*[[December 19]]
**[[Elisabeth Noelle-Neumann]], German political scientist
**[[Roy Ward Baker]], English film director
**[[Jack Agazarian]], English World War II spy (d. [[1945]])
*[[December 25]] - [[Graciela Naranjo]], Venezuelan singer and actress (d. [[2001]])
*[[December 27]] - [[Johnny Frigo]], American jazz violinist and bassist (d.[[2007]])
==Deaths==
===January - June===
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*[[January 4]] - [[Bruce Sloss]], Australian footballer (b. [[1889]])
*[[January 8]] - [[Rembrandt Bugatti]], Italian sculptor (b. [[1884]])
*[[January 13]] - [[Victoriano Huerta]], [[President of Mexico]] (b. [[1854]])
*[[February 6]] - [[Rubén Darío]], Nicaraguan writer (b. [[1867]])
*[[February 12]] - [[Richard Dedekind]], German mathematician (b. [[1831]])
*[[February 13]] - [[Vilhelm Hammershøi]], Danish painter (b. [[1864]])
*[[February 19]] - [[Ernst Mach]], Austrian physicist and philosopher (b. [[1838]])
*[[February 20]] - [[Klas Pontus Arnoldson]], Swedish writer and pacifist, recipient of the [[Nobel Peace Prize]] (b. [[1844]])
*[[February 28]] - [[Henry James]], American writer (b. [[1843]])
*[[March 4]] - [[Franz Marc]], German artist (b. [[1880]])
*[[March 24]] - [[Enrique Granados]], Spanish composer (ship sinking) (b. [[1867]])
*[[April 19]] - [[Ephraim Shay]], American inventor (b. [[1839]])
*[[April 21]] - [[Georges Boillot]], French Grand Prix driver (killed in action) (b. [[1884]])
*[[May 3]] - [[Padraig Pearse]], Irish nationalist (b. [[1879]])
*[[May 11]] - [[Max Reger]], German composer (b. [[1873]])
*[[May 12]] - [[James Connolly (socialist)|James Connolly]], Irish socialist (b. [[1868]])
*[[May 13]] - [[Sholom Aleichem]], Ukrainian Yiddish writer (b. [[1859]])
*[[May 21]] - [[Artúr Görgey]], Hungarian military general and politician (b. [[1818]])
*[[June 5]] - [[Horatio Kitchener, 1st Earl Kitchener]], British field marshal and statesman (b. [[1850]])
*[[June 6]] - [[Yuan Shikai]], Chinese military official and politician (b. [[1859]])
*[[June 29]] - [[Georges Lacombe]], French artist (b. [[1868]])
===July - December===
<!-- Link dates even if repeated, for date-format preferences.
-->
*[[July 6]] - [[Odilon Redon]], French painter (b. [[1840]])
*[[July 16]] - [[Ilya Ilyich Mechnikov]], Russian microbiologist, recipient of the [[Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine]] (b. [[1845]])
*[[July 23]] - [[Sir William Ramsay]], Scottish chemist, [[Nobel Prize in Chemistry|Nobel Prize]] laureate (b. [[1852]])
*[[July 29]] - [[Claude Charles Castleton]], Australian VC recipient (killed in battle) (b. [[1893]])
*[[August 3]] - Sir [[Roger Casement]], Irish nationalist (executed) (b. [[1864]])
*[[August 31]] - [[Martha McClellan Brown]], American activist (b. [[1838]])
*[[September 4]] - [[José Echegaray y Eizaguirre]], Spanish writer, [[Nobel Prize in Literature|Nobel Prize]] laureate (b. [[1832]])
*[[October 7]] - [[James Whitcomb Riley]], American poet (b. [[1849]])
*[[October 28]] - [[Cleveland Abbe]], American meteorologist (b. [[1838]])
*[[October 31]] - [[Charles Taze Russell]], American preacher (b. [[1852]])
*[[November 9]] - [[Ion Dragalina]], Romanian general (killed in action) (b. [[1860]])
*[[November 14]]
**[[Henry George, Jr.]], American politician (b. [[1862]])
**[[Saki]], British writer (b. [[1870]])
*[[November 15]] - [[Henryk Sienkiewicz]], Polish writer, [[Nobel Prize in Literature|Nobel Prize]] laureate (b. [[1846]])
*[[November 21]] - Emperor [[Franz Joseph I of Austria]] (b. [[1830]])
*[[November 22]] - [[Jack London]], American author (b. [[1876]])
*[[November 23]] - [[Lanoe Hawker]], British World War I pilot, VC recipient, KIA by [[Manfred Von Richthofen|The Red Baron]], (b.[[1890]])
*[[November 24]] - [[Hiram Stevens Maxim]], American firearms inventor (b. [[1840]])
*[[December 28]] - [[Eduard Strauss]], Austrian composer (b. [[1835]])
*[[December 29]] - [[Grigori Rasputin]], Russian mystic (b. [[1869]])
==Nobel Prizes==
* [[Nobel Prize in Physics|Physics]] - not awarded
* [[Nobel Prize in Chemistry|Chemistry]] - not awarded
* [[Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine|Medicine]] - not awarded
* [[Nobel Prize in Literature|Literature]] - [[Carl Gustaf Verner von Heidenstam]]
* [[Nobel Peace Prize|Peace]] - not awarded
==Notes==
{{reflist}}
==External links==
{{commonscat}}
*[http://scriptorium.lib.duke.edu/dynaweb/eaa/databases/printlit/@Generic__BookTextView/52 Early] Advertising Publications: "Fishing for Suckers" From the American Memory Collection of the Library of Congress
==Table of Contents==
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