1916 34677 224723273 2008-07-10T03:28:46Z Cosmic Latte 3190204 /* January - June */ {{year nav|1916}} {{C20YearInTopicX}} Year '''1916''' ('''[[Roman numerals|MCMXVI]]''') was a [[leap year starting on Saturday]] (link will display the full calendar) of the [[Gregorian calendar]] (or a [[leap year starting on Friday]] of the 13-day-slower [[Julian calendar]]). <!-- 13-day span=Mon-Sun,Tue-Mon,Wed-Tue,cvbnm,Thu-Wed,Fr-Th,Sa-Fr --> {{C20YearTOC}} ==Events of 1916== ===January=== <!-- Link dates even if repeated, for date-format preferences. --> [[Image:Claude Monet 038.jpg|thumb|310px|right| [[January 1]]: [[Claude Monet]] paints ''Water Lilies'' series.]] * [[January 1]] **The [[Royal Army Medical Corps]] first successful [[blood transfusion]] using blood that had been stored and cooled. **[[Impressionist]] painter [[Monet]] paints ''Water Lilies'' series. * [[January 5]] - Rainmaker [[Charles Hatfield]] - begins; it will cause flooding around [[San Diego, California]] * [[January 8]] - Allied forces withdraw from [[Gallipoli]] * [[January 13]]/[[January 14|14]] - A heavy storm sweeps through the [[Zuiderzee]] in [[the Netherlands]], causing extensive damage. This storm helped the Dutch parliament to decide to build the [[Afsluitdijk]] and build [[polders]] in the current [[IJsselmeer]]. * [[January 17]] - The [[Professional Golfers Association of America]] (PGA) is formed * [[January 18]] - A 611 [[gram]] chondrite type [[meteor]] struck a house near [[Baxter, Missouri|Baxter]], [[Stone County, Missouri]]. * [[January 23]] to [[January 24]] In [[Browning, Montana]], the temperature drops from +6.7°C to -48.8°C (44°F to -56°F) in one day, the greatest change ever on record for a 24-hour period. * [[January 24]] - In [[Brushaber v. Union Pacific Railroad]] the [[Supreme Court of the United States]] upholds the federal [[income tax]] * [[January 28]] - [[Louis D. Brandeis]] becomes the first [[Jew]] appointed to the [[Supreme Court of the United States]]. * [[January 29]] - [[World War I]]: [[Paris]] is bombed by [[Germany|German]] [[zeppelin]]s for the first time. ===February=== * [[February 3]] - Parliament buildings in [[Ottawa]], [[Canada]] are burned down. * [[February 9]] - 6.00 p.m. - [[Tristan Tzara]] "founds" [[Dadaism]] (according to [[Hans Arp]]). * [[February 11]] **[[Emma Goldman]] is arrested for lecturing on [[birth control]]. **[[Baltimore Symphony Orchestra]] presents its first concert. **[[Romania]]n [[football (soccer)|football]] club [[FC Sportul Studenţesc Bucureşti|Sportul Studenţesc]] is founded. * [[February 21]] - [[World War I]]: In [[France]] the [[Battle of Verdun]] begins. ===March=== * [[March 1]] - [[British Columbia Liberal Party|Liberal]] [[British Columbia]] Premier [[Harlan Carey Brewster]] term in office ends * [[March 6]] - [[Sydney conservatorium of music]] in [[Australia]] accepts first students * [[March 8]]-[[March 9|9]] night - [[Mexican Revolution]] - [[Pancho Villa]] leads 1,500 [[Mexico|Mexican]] raiders in an attack against [[Columbus, New Mexico]], killing 17. Garrison of US 13th Cavalry Regiment fights back and drives them away. * [[March 15]] - [[President of the United States|President]] [[Woodrow Wilson]] sends 12,000 [[United States]] troops over the [[U.S.-Mexico border]] to pursue [[Pancho Villa]]; 13th Cavalry regiment enters [[Mexico|Mexican]] territory. * [[March 16]] **<!--March 16-->US 7th and 10th cavalry regiments under [[John J. Pershing]] crosses the border to join the hunt of Villa **<!--March 16-->[[Sussex (French passenger ferry)|Passenger ferry ''Sussex'']] torpedoed, resulting in [[Sussex pledge]] * [[March 19]] - First [[United States]] air combat mission in history as eight US planes take off in pursuit of [[Pancho Villa]] * [[March 20]] - At the age of 32, [[Ota Benga]] built a ceremonial fire, chipped off the caps on his teeth, performed a final tribal dance, and shot himself in the heart with a stolen pistol. * [[March 22]] - Marriage of [[Edith Bratt]] and [[John Ronald Reuel Tolkien]]. They would serve as the inspiration for the [[fictional character]]s [[Lúthien]] and [[Beren]]. ===April=== * [[April 20]] - [[Chicago Cubs]] played their first game at Weeghman Park (currently [[Wrigley Field]]), defeating the [[Cincinnati Reds]] 7-6 in 11 innings * [[April 24]] - [[April 30]] - [[Easter Rising]] in [[Ireland]] * [[April 27]] - [[Battle of Hulluch]] in [[World War I]], 47th Brigade, 16th Irish Division decimated in one of the most heavily-concentrated gas attacks of the war * [[April]] - The [[light switch]] was invented by William J. Newton and Morris Goldberg ===May=== * [[May 5]] - [[USMC|United States Marines]] invade the [[Dominican Republic]]. * [[May 16]] - [[United Kingdom|Britain]] and [[France]] conclude the secret [[Sykes-Picot Agreement]] which is to divide Arab areas of the [[Ottoman Empire]] following the conclusion of [[World War I]] into French and British [[sphere of influence|spheres of influence]]. * [[May 20]] - The ''[[Saturday Evening Post]]'' publishes its first cover with a [[Norman Rockwell]] painting ("Boy with Baby Carriage"). * [[May 21]] - [[United Kingdom|Britain]] initiates [[daylight saving time]]. * [[May 22]] - [[United States v. Forty Barrels and Twenty Kegs of Coca-Cola]] is decided. * [[May 31]] - [[June 1]] - [[Battle of Jutland]] ===June=== * [[June 4]] - The [[Brusilov Offensive]], the height of Russian operations in WWI, begins with the breakthrough of Austro-Hungarian lines. * [[June 5]] **[[Louis Brandeis]] is sworn in as a [[Past Justices of the Supreme Court of the United States|Justice of the United States Supreme Court]]. **[[HMS Hampshire (1903)|HMS ''Hampshire'']] sinks off the [[Orkney Islands]], [[Scotland]], with [[Horatio Kitchener, 1st Earl Kitchener|Lord Kitchener]] aboard * [[June 15]] - U.S. President [[Woodrow Wilson]] signs a bill incorporating the [[Boy Scouts of America]]. [http://www.scouting.org/Media/FactSheets/02-507.aspx] ===July=== <!-- Link dates even if repeated, for date-format preferences. --> * [[July 1]] - [[November 18]]: More than 1 [[million]] soldiers die during The [[Battle of the Somme (1916)|Battle of the Somme]] including 60,000 casualties for the [[Commonwealth of Nations|British Commonwealth]] on the first day. * [[July 1]] - [[July 12]]: at least one shark mauled five swimmers along 80 miles of New Jersey coastline during the [[Jersey Shore shark attacks of 1916]], resulting in four deaths and survival of one youth who required limb amputation. This event was the inspiration for author [[Peter Benchley]], over half a century later, to write '''[[Jaws (film)|Jaws]]'''. * [[July 2]] - [[Battle of Erzincan]] * [[July 8]] - [[July 16]]- Massive flooding caused by two different hurricanes devastates Western North Carolina. * [[July 15]] - In [[Seattle, Washington]], [[William Boeing]] incorporates Pacific Aero Products (later renamed [[Boeing]]). * [[July 22]] - In [[San Francisco, California]], a bomb explodes on Market Street during a [[Preparedness Day]] parade killing 10 injuring 40. ([[Warren Billings]] and [[Thomas Mooney|Tom Mooney]] are later wrongly convicted of it) * [[July 29]] - In [[Ontario, Canada]], a lightning strike ignites a forest fire that destroys the towns of [[Cochrane, Ontario|Cochrane]] and [[Matheson, Ontario|Matheson]] - 233 dead * [[July 30]] - German agents cause the [[Black Tom explosion]] in [[Jersey City, New Jersey]], an act of sabotage destroying an ammunition depot and killing at least seven people. ===August=== * [[August 7]] - [[Portugal]] joins the allies in the [[World War I]] * [[August 9]] - [[Lassen Volcanic National Park]] is established. * [[August 25]] - President Woodrow Wilson signs legislation creating the [[National Park Service]]. * [[August 29]] - At least 1,000 killed, [[Chinese]] steamer ship ''[[Hsin Yu]]'' capsized off Chinese coast. ===September=== * September - Bulgaria takes Dobruja from the Romanians. * [[September 2]] - [[William Leefe-Robinson]] becomes the first pilot to shoot down a German [[airship]] over Britain. * [[September 13]] - Mary, a circus elephant, is hanged in the town of Erwin, Tennessee for killing her handler, Walter "Red" Eldridge. * [[September 27]] - [[Iyasu V of Ethiopia|Iyasu]] is proclaimed deposed as ruler of [[Ethiopia]] in a palace coup in favor of his aunt [[Zauditu of Ethiopia|Zauditu]]. ===October=== [[Image:New Zealand trench Flers September 1916.jpg|thumb|200px|Troops from [[New Zealand]] during [[World War I]].]] * [[October 12]] - [[Hipólito Yrigoyen]] is elected [[President of Argentina]]. * [[October 14]] - The [[Perm State University]] was founded in [[Russia]]. * [[October 16]] - [[Margaret Sanger]] opens the first U.S. birth control clinic -a forerunner of [[Planned Parenthood]]. * [[October 27]] - [[Battle of Segale]]: [[Negus]] [[Mikael of Wollo|Mikael]], marching on the [[Ethiopia]]n capital in support of his son Emperor [[Iyasu V of Ethiopia|Iyasu]], is defeated by Fitawrari [[Habte Giyorgis]], securing the throne for Empress [[Zauditu of Ethiopia|Zauditu]]. ===November=== * [[November 1]] - [[Paul Miliukov]] delivers in the [[State Duma]] the famous "stupidity or treason" speech, precipitating the downfall of the [[Boris Stürmer]] government. * [[November 5]] - [[Kingdom of Poland (Mitteleuropa)|Kingdom of Poland]] proclaimed by joint act of emperors of Germany and Austria * [[November 5]] - [[Honan Chapel]], Cork, Ireland, a product of the Irish Arts & Crafts Movement(1894-1925), is dedicated. * [[November 7]] **[[Woodrow Wilson]] defeats [[Charles Evans Hughes|Charles E. Hughes]] in the [[U.S. presidential election, 1916|U.S. presidential election]]. **[[Republican Party (United States)|Republican]] [[Jeannette Rankin]] of [[Montana]] becomes the first woman elected to the [[United States House of Representatives]]. * [[November 13]] - [[Prime Minister of Australia]] [[Billy Hughes]] is expelled from the [[Australian Labor Party|Labor Party]] over his support for [[conscription]]. * [[November 18]] - [[World War I]]: [[Battle of the Somme (1916)|First Battle of the Somme]] ends - In [[France]], British Expeditionary Force commander [[Douglas Haig]] calls off the battle which started on [[July 1]], 1916. * [[November 21]] - [[HMHS Britannic]] (built in 1911 and launched in 1914), the third and largest Olympic-class ocean liner of the [[White Star Line]], sister ship of [[RMS Olympic]] and the legendary [[RMS Titanic]], sank after hitting a mine with the loss of 30 lives. * [[November 23]] - [[World War I]],[[Eastern Front (World War I)|Eastern Front]]: [[Bucharest]], the capital of [[Romania]], is occupied by the troops of the [[Central Powers]]. * [[November 25]] - [[Friedrich Adler]] shoots [[Karl von Stürgkh]], [[List of Ministers-President of Austria|Prime Minister of Austria]] ===December=== *December - [[Sopwith Camel]] aircraft is introduced to combat the German-built [[Fokker]] fighter aircraft. * [[December 12]] - In the [[Dolomites]], an [[avalanche]] buries 18,000 Austrian and Italian soldiers. * [[December 23]] - [[World War I]]: [[Battle of Magdhaba]] - In the [[Sinai Peninsula|Sinai]] desert, [[Australia]]n and [[New Zealand]] mounted troops capture the [[Turkey|Turkish]] garrison. * [[December 29]] - [[Grigori Rasputin]] is murdered by two [[Romanov]] family members. * [[December 30]] - [[Humberto Gómez]] and his mercenaries seize [[Arauca Department|Arauca]] in [[Colombia]] and declare ''Republic of Arauca''. He proceeds to pillage the region before fleeing to [[Venezuela]] * [[December 31]] - The [[Hampton Terrace Hotel, North Augusta|Hampton Terrace Hotel]] in [[North Augusta, South Carolina]], one of the largest and most luxurious hotels in the nation at the time, burns to the ground. ===Undated=== * Rodeo's first side-delivery bucking chute designed and made by the [[Bascom]] boys, Raymond, Mel, Earl and their father John W. Bascom at [[Welling, Alberta|Welling]], [[Alberta]] [[Canada]] * ''Cours de linguistique générale'' by [[Ferdinand de Saussure]] is published. * [[Summer Olympic Games]] in [[Berlin]], [[Germany]], are cancelled. * Food is rationed in [[Germany]]. * [[Ernst Rüdin]] publishes his initial results on the [[genetics]] of [[schizophrenia]]. * The [[Netherlands]] is hit by a [[North Sea]] storm that floods lowlands and kills 10.000 people. * [[Robert Baden-Powell]] founds [[Wolf Cubs]] scouts in Britain, changed to [[Cub Scouts]] in the [[United States|USA]]. * [[Louis Enricht]] claims he has a substitute for [[gasoline]] * [[Gustav Holst]] composes ''[[The Planets]]'', Opus 32 * [[Bray Studios]] creates the [[Farmer Al Falfa]] series, the first of the [[Terrytoons]]. * [[Society of Motion Picture and Television Engineers]] is founded. * The ''Enrico Parodi'' sinks while in tow off the [[The Carracks]] in [[Cornwall]], [[England]]. ===Ongoing=== * [[World War I]] ([[1914]]-[[1918]]). * [[Mexican Revolution]]. ===Fictional=== The following are references to year 1916 in fiction: *''[[Citizen Kane]]'' (1941): In this year, [[Charles Foster Kane]] runs for [[New York governor]] and loses. Also in 1916, Emily Monroe Norton [[divorce]]s him and, in either this year or in [[1917]], he marries Susan Alexander. ==Births== {{Year in other calendars|japanese=[[Taishō]] 5}} ===January-February=== <!-- Link dates even if repeated, for date-format preferences. --> *[[January 3]] - [[Betty Furness]], American actress and consumer activist (d. [[1994]]) *January 3 - [[Bernard Greenhouse]], American cellist *[[January 7]] - [[Paul Keres]], Estonian chess player (d. [[1975]]) *[[January 9]] - [[Peter Twinn]], English mathematician and World War II code-breaker (d. [[2004]]) *[[January 10]] - [[Sune Bergström]], Swedish biochemist, recipient of the [[Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine]] (d. [[2004]]) *[[January 12]] - [[Pieter Willem Botha]], [[President of South Africa]] (d. [[2006]]) *[[January 17]] - [[Peter Frelinghuysen, Jr.]], American politician *[[January 18]] - [[Silviu Brucan]], Romanian author and politician (d. [[2006]]) *[[January 19]] - [[Harry Huskey]], American computer designer *[[January 22]] - [[Henri Dutilleux]], French composer *[[January 24]] **[[Marvin Creamer]], American sailor **[[Rafael Caldera]], [[President of Venezuela]] *[[February 2]] - [[Olaf Pooley]], English actor *[[February 4]] - [[Shah Maghsoud Sadegh Angha]], 41st master of the [[Oveyssi]] [[Sufi]] order (d. [[1980]]) *[[February 9]] - [[Tex Hughson]], baseball player (d. [[1993]]) *[[February 11]] **[[Ivan Hristov Bashev]], Bulgarian Foreign Minister (d. [[1971]]) **[[Joseph Alioto]], Mayor of San Francisco (d. [[1998]]) *[[February 14]] **[[Sally Gray]], English actress (d. [[2006]]) **[[Masaki Kobayashi]], Japanese film director (d. [[1996]]) **[[Denham Harman]], American gerontologist **[[Marcel Bigeard]], French military officer *[[February 15]] - [[Ernest Millington]], English politician *[[February 18]] - [[Maria Altmann]], Austrian Holocaust survivor and hieress *[[February 20]] - [[Jean Erdman]], American dancer *[[February 23]] - [[Retta Scott]], first female Disney animator to be credited on a feature film (d. [[1990]]) *[[February 26]] - [[Jackie Gleason]], American comedian (d. [[1987]]) *[[February 28]] ** [[Svend Asmussen]], Danish jazz violinist ** [[Cesar Climaco]], Filipino politician (d. [[1984]]) *[[February 29]] - [[Dinah Shore]], American singer (d. [[1994]]) ===March-April=== *[[March 3]] - [[Paul Halmos]], Hungarian-born mathematician (d. [[2006]]) *[[March 4]] **[[William Alland]], American actor, producer, writer and director (d. [[1997]]) **[[Giorgio Bassani]], Italian writer (d. [[2000]]) **[[Hans Eysenck]], German-born psychologist (d. [[1997]]) *[[March 11]] - [[Harold Wilson]], [[Prime Minister of the United Kingdom]] (d. [[1995]]) *[[March 13]] **[[John Aspinwall Roosevelt]], American businessman and philanthropist (d. [[1981]]) **[[Lindy Boggs]], American politician *[[March 14]] - [[Horton Foote]], American writer *[[March 15]] - [[Harry James]], American musician and band leader (d. [[1983]]) *[[March 17]] **[[Ray Ellington]], British singer (d. [[1985]]) **[[Volodia Teitelboim]], Chilean author and politician *[[March 19]] - [[Irving Wallace]], American novelist (d. [[1990]]) *[[March 20]] - [[Pierre Messmer]], French politician (d. [[2007]]) *[[March 24]] - [[Donald Hamilton]], Swedish-born writer (d. [[2006]]) *[[March 26]] - [[Christian B. Anfinsen]], American chemist, [[Nobel Prize in Chemistry|Nobel Prize]] laureate (d. [[1995]]) *[[March 29]] - [[Eugene McCarthy]], U.S. Senator from Minnesota and Presidential candidate (d. [[2005]]) *[[March 31]] - [[Lucille Bliss]], American voice actor *[[April 3]] **[[Peter Gowland]], American photographer **[[Herb Caen]], American journalist (d. [[1997]]) *[[April 5]] - [[Gregory Peck]], American actor (d. [[2003]]) *[[April 11]] - [[Alberto Ginastera]], Argentine composer (d. [[1983]]) *[[April 12]] **[[Beverly Cleary]], American author **[[Benjamin Libet]], American pioneering scientist in the field of human consciousness (d. [[2007]]) *[[April 13]] - [[Phyllis Fraser]], American actor and publisher (d. [[2006]]) *[[April 15]] - [[Alfred S. Bloomingdale]], American department store heir (d. [[1982]]) *[[April 18]] - [[José Joaquín Trejos Fernández]], [[President of Costa Rica]] *[[April 22]] - [[Yehudi Menuhin]], American-born violinist (d. [[1999]]) *[[April 24]] - [[Stanley Kauffmann]], American film critic *[[April 25]] - [[R.J. Rushdoony]], American founder of Christian Reconstructionism (d. [[2001]]) *[[April 26]] **[[Dorothy Salisbury Davis]], American writer **[[George Tuska]], American comic strip artist *[[April 28]] - [[Ferruccio Lamborghini]], Italian automobile manufacturer (d. [[1993]]) *[[April 30]] **[[Claude Elwood Shannon]], American information theorist (d. [[2001]]) **[[Robert Shaw (conductor)|Robert Shaw]], American conductor (d. [[1999]]) ===May-June=== <!-- Link dates even if repeated, for date-format preferences. --> *[[May 1]] - [[Glenn Ford]], American actor (d. [[2006]]) *[[May 6]] - [[Robert H. Dicke]], American experimental physicist (d. [[1997]]) *[[May 8]] - [[Chinmayananda]], Indian spiritual leader (d. [[1993]]) *[[May 8]] - [[João Havelange]], Brazilian industrialist and football league president *[[May 10]] - [[Milton Babbitt]], American composer *[[May 11]] - [[Camilo José Cela]], Spanish writer, [[Nobel Prize in Literature|Nobel Prize]] laureate (d. [[2002]]) *[[May 14]] - [[Sammy Luftspring]], Canadian boxer (d. [[2000]]) *[[May 15]] - [[Ephraim Katzir]], [[President of Israel]] *[[May 17]] - [[Lenka Reinerová]], Czech writer *[[May 20]] - [[Trebisonda Valla]], Italian athlete (d. [[2006]]) *[[May 20]] - [[Owen Chadwick]], British author and historian *[[May 21]] **[[Lydia Mendoza]], American musician (d. [[2007]]) **[[Tinus Osendarp]], Dutch runner (d. [[2002]]) **[[Harold Robbins]], American novelist (d. [[1997]]) *[[May 26]] - [[Henriette Roosenburg]], Dutch journalist (d. [[1972]]) *[[May 31]] **[[Bert Haanstra]], Dutch filmmaker (d. [[1997]]) **[[Bernard Lewis]], British historian *[[June 4]] - [[Robert F. Furchgott]], American chemist, recipient of the [[Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine]] *[[June 5]] - [[Eddie Joost]], baseball player and manager *[[June 8]] - [[Francis Crick]], English molecular biologist, recipient of the [[Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine]] (d. [[2004]]) *[[June 9]] - [[Robert McNamara]], U.S. Secretary of Defense *[[June 15]] - [[Herbert Simon]], American economist, [[Nobel Prize in Economics|Nobel Prize]] laureate (d. [[2001]]) *[[June 18]] - [[Julio César Turbay Ayala]], Colombian politician (d. [[2005]]) *[[June 23]] **[[Hermann Gmeiner]], Austrian educator (d. [[1986]]) **[[Len Hutton]], English cricketer (d. [[1990]]) *[[June 24]] - [[William B. Saxbe]], American politician ===July-August=== *[[July 1]] **[[Olivia de Havilland]], British actress **[[Lawrence Halprin]], American architect *[[July 2]] **[[Hans-Ulrich Rudel]], German pilot (d. [[1982]]) **[[Zélia Gattai]], Brazilian author and photographer *[[July 3]] - [[John Kundla]], American basketball coach *[[July 4]] **[[Iva Toguri D'Aquino]], "Tokyo Rose" (d. [[2006]]) **[[Fernand Leduc]], Canadian painter *[[July 8]] - [[Jean Rouverol]], American actress, screenwriter, and author *[[July 9]] - [[Edward Heath]], [[Prime Minister of the United Kingdom]] (d. [[2005]]) *[[July 11]] **[[Aleksandr Mikhailovich Prokhorov]], Russian physicist, [[Nobel Prize in Physics|Nobel]] laureate (d. [[2002]]) **[[Gough Whitlam]], twenty-first [[Prime Minister of Australia]] **[[Reg Varney]], British actor *[[July 14]] - [[Natalia Ginzburg]], Italian author (d. [[1991]]) *[[July 18]] - [[L. Patrick Gray III]], American Federal Bureau of Investigation director (d. [[2005]]) *[[July 19]] - [[Phil Cavarretta]], baseball player *[[July 22]] **[[Marcel Cerdan]], French boxer (d. [[1949]]) **[[Larry Hooper]], American singer and musician (d. [[1983]]) *[[July 25]] - [[Fred Lasswell]], American cartoonist (d. [[2001]]) *[[July 27]] - [[Elizabeth Hardwick]], American literary critic and novelist (d. [[2007]]) *[[July 28]] - [[David Brown (producer)|David Brown]], American producer *[[July 30]] - [[Dick Wilson]], American actor (d. [[2007]]) *[[July 31]] - [[Bill Todman]], American game show producer (d. [[1979]]) *[[August 1]] - [[Fiorenzo Cardinal Angelini]], Italian Cardinal *[[August 5]] - [[Kermit Love]], American puppeter *[[August 6]] - [[Dom Mintoff]], [[Prime Minister of Malta]] *[[August 14]] - [[Ralph de Toledano]], American conservationist and author (d. [[2007]]) *[[August 16]] - [[Iggy Katona]], American race car driver (d. [[2003]]) *[[August 20]] - [[Paul Felix Schmidt]], Estonian chess player (d. [[1984]]) *[[August 25]] **[[Frederick Chapman Robbins]], American pediatrician and virologist, recipient of the [[Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine]] (d. [[2003]]) **[[Van Johnson]], American actor *[[August 27]] - [[Martha Raye]], American actress (d. [[1994]]) *[[August 28]] - [[Jack Vance]], American writer *[[August 29]] - [[Luther Davis]], American screenwriter *[[August 30]] - [[Shag Crawford]], American umpire in Major League Baseball (d. [[2007]]) *[[August 31]] **[[Daniel Schorr]], American journalist **[[John S. Wold]], American politician ===September-October=== *[[September 1]] **[[Dorothy Cheney]], American tennis player **[[Joseph Minish]], American politician (d. [[2007]]) *[[September 13]] - [[Roald Dahl]], Welsh author (d. [[1990]]) *[[September 14]] - [[John Heyer]], Australian documentary filmmaker (d. [[2001]]) *[[September 16]] - [[Frank Leslie Walcott]], Barbadian labour leader (d. [[1999]]) *[[September 18]] - [[John Jacob Rhodes]], American politician and lawyer (d. [[2003]]) *[[September 21]] - [[Zinovi Gerdt]], Russian actor (d. [[1996]]) *[[September 27]] - [[Frank Handlen]], American artist *[[October 3]] **[[Shelby Storck]], American television producer (d. [[1969]]) **[[James Herriot]], Scottish veterinarian and author (d. [[1995]]) *[[October 4]] - [[Vitaly Ginzburg]], Russian physicist, [[Nobel Prize in Physics|Nobel]] laureate *[[October 12]] - [[Alice Childress]], American actress, playwright, and novelist (d. [[1994]]) *[[October 14]] - [[C. Everett Koop]], United States Surgeon General *[[October 19]] **[[Jean Dausset]], French immunologist, recipient of the [[Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine]] **[[Emil Gilels]], Ukrainian pianist (d. [[1994]]) *[[October 26]] - [[François Mitterrand]], [[President of France]] (d. [[1996]]) *[[October 30]] - [[Leon Day]], baseball player (d. [[1995]]) ===November-December=== <!-- Link dates even if repeated, for date-format preferences. --> *[[November 1]] - [[John C. Harkness]], American architect *[[November 4]] - [[Walter Cronkite]], American television journalist *[[November 5]] - [[Jim Tabor]], baseball player (d. [[1953]]) *[[November 10]] - [[Louis le Brocquy]], Irish painter *[[November 11]] - [[Robert Carr]], British politician *[[November 12]] - [[Rogelio de la Rosa]], Filipino actor and politician (d. [[1986]]) *[[November 14]] - [[Sherwood Schwartz]], American television writer and producer *[[November 16]] - [[Daws Butler]], American voice actor (d. [[1988]]) *[[November 24]] - [[Forrest J. Ackerman]], American writer *[[November 26]] - [[Gerhard Unger]], German tenor *[[November 27]] - [[Chick Hearn]], American basketball announcer (d. [[2002]]) *[[November 28]] **[[Mary Lilian Baels]], queen of [[Léopold III of Belgium]] (d. [[2002]]) **[[Ramón José Velásquez]], [[President of Venezuela]] *[[November 29]] - [[Fran Ryan]], American actress (d. [[2000]]) *[[December 7]] - [[George Russell Weller]] retired salesman known for the Santa Monica Farmer's Market incident *[[December 8]] - [[Richard Fleischer]], American film director (d. [[2006]]) *[[December 9]] - [[Kirk Douglas]], American actor *[[December 11]] - [[Dámaso Pérez Prado]], Cuban musician (d. [[1989]]) *[[December 14]] - [[Shirley Jackson]], American writer (d. [[1965]]) *[[December 15]] - [[Maurice Wilkins]], New Zealand-born physicist, recipient of the [[Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine]] (d. [[2004]]) *[[December 18]] **[[Betty Grable]], American actress (d. [[1973]]) **[[Douglas Fraser]], Scottish-born union leader (d. [[2008]]) *[[December 19]] **[[Elisabeth Noelle-Neumann]], German political scientist **[[Roy Ward Baker]], English film director **[[Jack Agazarian]], English World War II spy (d. [[1945]]) *[[December 25]] - [[Graciela Naranjo]], Venezuelan singer and actress (d. [[2001]]) *[[December 27]] - [[Johnny Frigo]], American jazz violinist and bassist (d.[[2007]]) ==Deaths== ===January - June=== <!-- Link dates even if repeated, for date-format preferences. --> *[[January 4]] - [[Bruce Sloss]], Australian footballer (b. [[1889]]) *[[January 8]] - [[Rembrandt Bugatti]], Italian sculptor (b. [[1884]]) *[[January 13]] - [[Victoriano Huerta]], [[President of Mexico]] (b. [[1854]]) *[[February 6]] - [[Rubén Darío]], Nicaraguan writer (b. [[1867]]) *[[February 12]] - [[Richard Dedekind]], German mathematician (b. [[1831]]) *[[February 13]] - [[Vilhelm Hammershøi]], Danish painter (b. [[1864]]) *[[February 19]] - [[Ernst Mach]], Austrian physicist and philosopher (b. [[1838]]) *[[February 20]] - [[Klas Pontus Arnoldson]], Swedish writer and pacifist, recipient of the [[Nobel Peace Prize]] (b. [[1844]]) *[[February 28]] - [[Henry James]], American writer (b. [[1843]]) *[[March 4]] - [[Franz Marc]], German artist (b. [[1880]]) *[[March 24]] - [[Enrique Granados]], Spanish composer (ship sinking) (b. [[1867]]) *[[April 19]] - [[Ephraim Shay]], American inventor (b. [[1839]]) *[[April 21]] - [[Georges Boillot]], French Grand Prix driver (killed in action) (b. [[1884]]) *[[May 3]] - [[Padraig Pearse]], Irish nationalist (b. [[1879]]) *[[May 11]] - [[Max Reger]], German composer (b. [[1873]]) *[[May 12]] - [[James Connolly (socialist)|James Connolly]], Irish socialist (b. [[1868]]) *[[May 13]] - [[Sholom Aleichem]], Ukrainian Yiddish writer (b. [[1859]]) *[[May 21]] - [[Artúr Görgey]], Hungarian military general and politician (b. [[1818]]) *[[June 5]] - [[Horatio Kitchener, 1st Earl Kitchener]], British field marshal and statesman (b. [[1850]]) *[[June 6]] - [[Yuan Shikai]], Chinese military official and politician (b. [[1859]]) *[[June 29]] - [[Georges Lacombe]], French artist (b. [[1868]]) ===July - December=== <!-- Link dates even if repeated, for date-format preferences. --> *[[July 6]] - [[Odilon Redon]], French painter (b. [[1840]]) *[[July 16]] - [[Ilya Ilyich Mechnikov]], Russian microbiologist, recipient of the [[Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine]] (b. [[1845]]) *[[July 23]] - [[Sir William Ramsay]], Scottish chemist, [[Nobel Prize in Chemistry|Nobel Prize]] laureate (b. [[1852]]) *[[July 29]] - [[Claude Charles Castleton]], Australian VC recipient (killed in battle) (b. [[1893]]) *[[August 3]] - Sir [[Roger Casement]], Irish nationalist (executed) (b. [[1864]]) *[[August 31]] - [[Martha McClellan Brown]], American activist (b. [[1838]]) *[[September 4]] - [[José Echegaray y Eizaguirre]], Spanish writer, [[Nobel Prize in Literature|Nobel Prize]] laureate (b. [[1832]]) *[[October 7]] - [[James Whitcomb Riley]], American poet (b. [[1849]]) *[[October 28]] - [[Cleveland Abbe]], American meteorologist (b. [[1838]]) *[[October 31]] - [[Charles Taze Russell]], American preacher (b. [[1852]]) *[[November 9]] - [[Ion Dragalina]], Romanian general (killed in action) (b. [[1860]]) *[[November 14]] **[[Henry George, Jr.]], American politician (b. [[1862]]) **[[Saki]], British writer (b. [[1870]]) *[[November 15]] - [[Henryk Sienkiewicz]], Polish writer, [[Nobel Prize in Literature|Nobel Prize]] laureate (b. [[1846]]) *[[November 21]] - Emperor [[Franz Joseph I of Austria]] (b. [[1830]]) *[[November 22]] - [[Jack London]], American author (b. [[1876]]) *[[November 23]] - [[Lanoe Hawker]], British World War I pilot, VC recipient, KIA by [[Manfred Von Richthofen|The Red Baron]], (b.[[1890]]) *[[November 24]] - [[Hiram Stevens Maxim]], American firearms inventor (b. [[1840]]) *[[December 28]] - [[Eduard Strauss]], Austrian composer (b. [[1835]]) *[[December 29]] - [[Grigori Rasputin]], Russian mystic (b. [[1869]]) ==Nobel Prizes== * [[Nobel Prize in Physics|Physics]] - not awarded * [[Nobel Prize in Chemistry|Chemistry]] - not awarded * [[Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine|Medicine]] - not awarded * [[Nobel Prize in Literature|Literature]] - [[Carl Gustaf Verner von Heidenstam]] * [[Nobel Peace Prize|Peace]] - not awarded ==Notes== {{reflist}} ==External links== {{commonscat}} *[http://scriptorium.lib.duke.edu/dynaweb/eaa/databases/printlit/@Generic__BookTextView/52 Early] Advertising Publications: "Fishing for Suckers" From the American Memory Collection of the Library of Congress ==Table of Contents== __TOC__ [[Category:1916| ]]<!--years 19xx are blank-category--> [[af:1916]] [[am:1916 እ.ኤ.አ.]] [[ar:1916]] [[an:1916]] [[frp:1916]] [[ast:1916]] [[av:1916]] [[az:1916]] [[bn:১৯১৬]] [[map-bms:1916]] [[be:1916]] [[be-x-old:1916]] [[bh:१९१६]] [[bs:1916]] [[br:1916]] [[bg:1916]] [[ca:1916]] [[cv:1916]] [[cs:1916]] [[co:1916]] [[cy:1916]] [[da:1916]] [[de:1916]] [[et:1916]] [[el:1916]] [[es:1916]] [[eo:1916]] [[eu:1916]] [[fa:۱۹۱۶ (میلادی)]] [[fo:1916]] [[hif:1916]] [[fr:1916]] [[fy:1916]] [[fur:1916]] [[ga:1916]] [[gan:1916年]] [[gv:1916]] [[gd:1916]] [[gl:1916]] [[ko:1916년]] [[hy:1916]] [[hi:1916]] [[hr:1916.]] [[io:1916]] [[ilo:1916]] [[bpy:মারি ১৯১৬]] [[id:1916]] [[ia:1916]] [[os:1916]] [[is:1916]] [[it:1916]] [[he:1916]] [[jv:1916]] [[pam:1916]] [[kn:೧೯೧೬]] [[ka:1916]] [[csb:1916]] [[kk:1916]] [[kw:1916]] [[sw:1916]] [[ht:1916 (almanak gregoryen)]] [[ku:1916]] [[la:1916]] [[lb:1916]] [[lt:1916 m.]] [[lij:1916]] [[jbo:1916moi nanca]] [[lmo:1916]] [[hu:1916]] [[mk:1916]] [[mi:1916]] [[mr:इ.स. १९१६]] [[ms:1916]] [[nah:1916]] [[nl:1916]] [[new:ई सं १९१६]] [[ja:1916年]] [[nap:1916]] [[no:1916]] [[nn:1916]] [[nrm:1916]] [[nov:1916]] [[oc:1916]] [[uz:1916]] [[pi:१९१६]] [[nds:1916]] [[pl:1916]] [[pt:1916]] [[ty:1916]] [[ksh:Joohr 1916]] [[ro:1916]] [[ru:1916 год]] [[se:1916]] [[sq:1916]] [[scn:1916]] [[simple:1916]] [[sk:1916]] [[sl:1916]] [[sr:1916]] [[sh:1916]] [[su:1916]] [[fi:1916]] [[sv:1916]] [[tl:1916]] [[ta:1916]] [[tt:1916]] [[te:1916]] [[th:พ.ศ. 2459]] [[vi:1916]] [[tr:1916]] [[uk:1916]] [[ur:1916ء]] [[vec:1916]] [[wa:1916]] [[vls:1916]] [[yo:1916]] [[zh-yue:1916年]] [[cbk-zam:1916]] [[bat-smg:1916]] [[zh:1916年]]