1917
34595
225288538
2008-07-12T22:17:43Z
216.16.96.220
{{year nav|1917}}
{{C20YearInTopicX}}
Year '''1917''' ('''[[Roman numerals|MCMXVII]]''') was a [[common year starting on Monday]] (link will display the full calendar) of the [[Gregorian calendar]] (or a [[common year starting on Sunday]]<ref>
"Calendar in year 1917 (Russia)" (Julian calendar), webpage:
[http://www.timeanddate.com/calendar/index.html?year=1917&country=19 Julian-1917]<!--
--> (Romania used Julian in 1919, when Russia adopted Gregorian).
</ref>
of the 13-day-slower [[Julian calendar]]).
<!-- 13-day span=Mon-Sun,Tue-Mon,Wed-Tue,Thu-Wed,Fr-Th,Sa-Fr -->
{{C20YearTOC}}
==Events of 1917==
===January===
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* [[January 2]] - The [[Royal Bank of Canada]] takes over [[Quebec Bank]].
* [[January 11]] - [[Kingsland Explosion]] at Kingsland, NJ (now [[Lyndhurst, NJ]]) Due to German sabotage, leading to the U.S. involvement in [[World War I]].
* [[January 19]] - [[Silvertown explosion]]: a blast at a munitions factory in [[London]] kills 73 and injures over 400. The resulting fire causes over £2,000,000 worth of damage.
* [[January 22]] - [[World War I]]: [[President of the United States|President]] [[Woodrow Wilson]] calls for "peace without victory" in Europe.
* [[January 25]]
**<!--January 25-->The [[Virgin Islands|Danish West Indies]] is sold to the United States for $25 million
**<!--January 25-->Anti-[[prostitution]] drive in [[San Francisco]] attracts huge crowds to public meetings. At one meeting attended by 7000 people, 20000 are kept out for lack of room. In a conference with Rev. Paul Smith, an outspoken foe of prostitution, 300 prostitutes make a plea for toleration explaining they had been forced into the practice by poverty. When Smith asked if they will take other work at $8 to $10 a week, the ladies laugh derisively, which loses them public sympathy. The police close about 200 houses of prostitution shortly thereafter [http://www.sfgenealogy.com/sf/history/hbtbc12.htm]
* [[January 26]] - The sea defences at the English village of [[Hallsands]] are breached, leading to all but one of the houses becoming uninhabitable.
* [[January 28]] - The United States ends its search for [[Pancho Villa]].
* [[January 30]] - [[John J. Pershing|Pershing]]'s troops in Mexico begin to withdraw to USA. They reach [[Columbus, Ohio]] [[February 5]]
* [[January 31]] - World War I: [[Germany]] announces its [[U-boat]]s will engage in unrestricted [[submarine]] warfare.
===February===
* [[February 3]] - World War I: [[The United States]] breaks off diplomatic relations with [[Germany]].
* [[February 5]] - The constitution of [[Mexico]] is adopted.
* [[February 13]] - [[Mata Hari]] is arrested for [[spy]]ing.
* [[February 23]] - First [[International Women's Day]] (Russia)
* [[February 24]] - World War I: United States ambassador to the [[United Kingdom]] Walter H. Page is given the [[Zimmermann Telegram]], in which Germany offers to give the American Southwest back to [[Mexico]], if Mexico will declare war on the United States.
* [[February 26]] - The [[Original Dixieland Jass Band]] record their first commercial record, with "Livery Stable Blues" and "Dixie Jazz Band One Step" tunes.
[[Image:USA_bryter_de_diplomatiska_förbindelserna_med_Tyskland_3_februari_1917.jpg|thumb|right|300px|President Woodrow Wilson of the United States announces to Congress the breaking of diplomatic relations with Germany]]
===March===
* [[March 1]]
**<!--March 1-->U.S. government releases the [[plaintext]] of the [[Zimmermann Telegram]] to the public
**<!--March 1-->Japanese city of [[Omuta, Fukuoka]] is founded by Hiroushi Miruku
* [[March 2]] - The enactment of the [[Jones-Shafroth Act|Jones Act]] grants [[Puerto Rico|Puerto Ricans]] United States citizenship.
* [[March 4]]
**<!--March 4-->[[President of the United States|US. President]] [[Woodrow Wilson]], begins second term.
**<!--March 4-->[[Jeannette Rankin]] of [[Montana]] becomes the first woman member of the [[United States House of Representatives]].
*[[March 8]]
**<!--March 8-->(N.S.) ([[February 23]], O.S.) - The Russian [[February Revolution]] begins with the overthrow of the [[Tsar]].
**<!--March 8-->[[United States Senate]] adopts the [[cloture]] rule in order to limit [[Filibuster (legislative tactic)|filibuster]]s.
* [[March 10]] - The Province of [[Batangas]] was formally founded as one of the [[Philippines]]' first [[encomienda]].
* [[March 11]] - [[Mexican Revolution]] - [[Venustiano Carranza]] elected president of [[Mexico]] - [[United States|USA]] gives recognition of his government ''[[de jure]]''
* [[March 15]] (N.S.) ([[March 2]], O.S.) - Tsar [[Nicholas II of Russia]] abdicates his throne for his son.
* [[March 17]] (N.S.) ([[March 4]], O.S.) - [[Grand Duke Michael Alexandrovich of Russia|Grand Duke Michael]] refuses the throne and power in Russia passes to the newly-formed [[Russian Provisional Government|Provisional Government]] under [[Prince Georgy Lvov]].
* [[March 21]] - The Danish West Indies become the [[Virgin Islands]] when Denmark transfers control over the islands to the United States after the purchase of the islands on [[January 25]].
* [[March 25]] - The [[Georgian Orthodox Church]] restores its [[autocephaly]] abolished by [[Imperial Russia]] in 1811.
* [[March 26]] - World War I: [[First Battle of Gaza]] - British cavalry troops retreat after 17,000 Turks block their advance.
* [[March 31]] - The United States takes possession of the [[U.S. Virgin Islands|Virgin Islands]] after paying $25 million to Denmark.
===April===
* [[April 2]] - [[World War I]]: US President Woodrow Wilson asks [[Congress of the United States|U.S. Congress]] for a [[declaration of war]] on Germany.
* [[April 6]] - World War I: United States declares war on Germany. [[s:Woodrow Wilson declares war on Germany|text]]
* [[April 9]]-[[April 12]] - World War I: Canadian troops win the [[Battle of Vimy Ridge]].
* [[April 10]] - Ammunition factory explodes in [[Chester, Pennsylvania]] - 133 dead.
* [[April 11]] - World War I: [[Brazil]] severs relations with Germany.
* [[April 16]]
**<!--April 16-->[[Vladimir Lenin|Lenin]] arrives in [[Petrograd]].
**<!--April 16-->The [[Nivelle Offensive]] commences.
* [[April 19]] - The [[Second Battle of Gaza]], a fiasco for the British, causes the dismissal of the commander of the [[Eastern Expeditionary Force]], General [[Archibald Murray]].
===May===
* [[May 9]] - The [[Nivelle Offensive]] was abandoned.
* [[May 13]]
**<!--May 13-->Three peasant children claim to see the [[Marian apparitions|Virgin Mary]] above a [[Holm Oak]] tree in [[Cova da Iria]] near [[Fátima, Portugal|Fátima]], [[Portugal]].
**<!--May 13-->The nuncio Eugenio Pacelli, the future [[Pope Pius XII]], is consecrated [[Archbishop]] by [[Pope Benedict XV]]<ref>L'Osservatore Romano, Weekly Edition in English, 12/19 August 1998, page 9</ref>
* [[May 18]] - [[World War I]]: The [[Selective Service Act of 1917|Selective Service Act]] passes the [[Congress of the United States|U.S. Congress]] giving the [[President]] the power of [[conscription]].
* [[May 21]] - Over 300 acres (73 blocks) destroyed in [[Great Atlanta fire of 1917]].
* [[May 26]] - [[Tornado]] strikes [[Mattoon, Illinois|Mattoon]], [[Illinois]] causing devastation and killing 101 people.
* [[May 27]] - Over 30.000 [[France|French]] troops refuse to go to the trenches in [[Missy-aux-Bois]].
===June===
* [[June 1]] - [[France|French]] infantry regiment seizes [[Missy-aux-Bois]] and declares anti-war military government. [[France|French]] army soon apprehend them.
* [[June 4]] - The very first [[Pulitzer Prize]]s are awarded: [[Laura E. Richards]], [[Maud Howe Elliott]], and [[Florence Hall]] receive the first [[Pulitzer Prize|Pulitzer]] for a biography (for ''[[Julia Ward Howe]]''). [[Jean Jules Jusserand]] receives the first [[Pulitzer Prize|Pulitzer]] for history for his work ''With Americans of Past and Present Days.'' [[Herbert Bayard Swope]] receives the first [[Pulitzer Prize|Pulitzer]] for [[journalism]] for his work for the ''[[New York World]].''
* [[June 5]] - [[World War I]]: [[Conscription]] begins in the [[United States]] as "Army registration day."
* [[June 13]] - [[World War I]]: First major [[Germany|German]] bombing raid on [[London]] left 162 dead and 432 injured
* [[June 15]] - The [[United States]] enacts the [[Espionage Act of 1917|Espionage Act]].
===July===
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* [[July 1]] - [[Labor Dispute]] ignites a [[Race Riot]] in [[East St. Louis, Illinois]]. Over 250 dead.
* [[July 6]]
**<!--July 6-->[[Arabia]]n troops led by [[Robert Constant]] capture [[Aqaba]] from the [[Ottoman Empire|Turks]].
**<!--July 6-->[[Conscription Crisis of 1917|Conscription crisis]] in Canada leads to passing of the Military Service Act.
* [[July 12]] - [[Phelps Dodge|Phelps Dodge Corporation]] deports over 1000 suspected [[IWW]] members from [[Bisbee, Arizona]].
* [[July 17]] - King [[George V of the United Kingdom]] issues a [[Proclamation]] stating that thenceforth the male line descendants of the [[British Royal Family]] will bear the surname [[House of Windsor|Windsor]] vice the Germanic bloodline of ''[[Saxe-Coburg and Gotha|House of Saxe-Coburg]]'', which is an offshoot of the historic (800+ years) [[House of Wettin]].
* [[July 20]]
**<!--July 20-->[[Corfu Declaration]] that enabled post-war [[Kingdom of Yugoslavia]] was signed by the [[Yugoslav Committee]] and Kingdom of [[Serbia]].
**<!--July 20-->([[July 7]], O.S.) - [[Alexander Kerensky]] becomes [[premier]] of the [[Russian Provisional Government]], replacing [[Prince Georgy Lvov]].
* [[July 25]] - [[Sir]] [[Thomas Whyte]] introduces the first [[income tax]] in [[Canada]] as a "temporary" measure (lowest bracket is 4% and highest is 25%).
* [[July 28]] - The [[Silent Protest]] was organized by the [[NAACP]] in [[New York]] to protest the [[East St. Louis Massacre of July 2]], as well as lynchings in [[Texas]] and [[Tennessee]].
* [[July 31]] - [[World War I]] Commencement of Allied offensive operations in Flanders in what would become known as the [[Third Battle of Ypres]] or [[the Battle of Passchendaele]].
===August===
* August - The [[Green Corn Rebellion]], an uprising by several hundred farmers against the [[World War I]] draft, takes place in central [[Oklahoma]].
* [[August 2]] - [[Edwin Harris Dunning|Squadron Commander E.H. Dunning]] [http://www.royal-navy.mod.uk/server/show/nav.3919 lands his aircraft on the ship] [[HMS Furious]] in [[Scapa Flow]], [[Orkney]]. He was killed five days later during another landing on the ship.
* [[August 3]] - [[New York Guard]] founded.
* [[August 10]] - General strike in Spain begins, smashed after three days with 70 left dead, hundreds of wounded and 2000 prisoners.
* [[August 17]] - One of English literature's important meetings takes place when [[Wilfred Owen]] introduces himself to [[Siegfried Sassoon]] at [[Craiglockhart Hydropathic|Craiglockhart War Hospital]] in [[Edinburgh]].
* [[August 18]] - A [[Great Thessaloniki Fire of 1917|Great Fire]] in [[Thessaloniki]], [[Greece]], destroys 32% of the city leaving 70,000 individuals homeless.
* [[August 29]] - [[World War I]]: The [[Military Service Act (Canada)|Military Service Act]] is passed in the [[Canadian House of Commons]] giving the [[Government of Canada]] the right to conscript men into the army.
===October===
* [[October 15]] - [[World War I]]: At [[Vincennes]] outside of [[Paris]], [[Dutch people|Dutch]] [[dancer]] [[Mata Hari]] is executed by [[firing squad]] for [[espionage|spying]] for [[Germany]].
* [[October 19]] - [[Dallas Love Field|Love Field]] in [[Dallas, Texas]] is opened.
* [[October 25]] - Traditional date of [[coup d'etat]] that began the [[Bolshevik Revolution]].
* [[October 26]] - [[World War I]]: [[Brazil]] [[History of Brazil (1889–1930)#Brazil_in_World_War_I| declared in state of war]] with [[Central Powers]].
===November===
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* [[November 2]] - [[Zionism]]: The [[Balfour Declaration of 1917|Balfour Declaration]] proclaims British support for the "establishment in [[Palestine]] of a national home for the Jewish people" with the clear understanding "that nothing shall be done which may prejudice the civil and religious rights of existing non-Jewish communities".
* [[November 6]] - World War I: [[Third Battle of Ypres]] ends: After three months of fierce fighting, Canadian forces take [[Passchendaele]] in [[Belgium]].
* [[November 7]]
**[[October Revolution]] begins: The workers of St. Petersburg in [[Russia]], led by the [[Bolshevik]] leader [[Vladimir Lenin]], attacked the [[Aleksandr Kerensky|Kerensky]] Provisional Government ( [[Julian Calendar]] shows an [[October 25]] date).
**The [[Safavid Empire]] of [[Persian Empire|Persia]] (which provided weapons for [[Russia]]) refuses to support the [[Allied Forces]] after the [[October Revolution]].
**<!--November 7-->[[World War I]]: [[Third Battle of Gaza]] ends - [[United Kingdom]] forces capture [[Gaza]] from the [[Ottoman Empire]].
* [[November 15]] - [[Finland]] takes a step towards full [[sovereignty]], ending the [[personal union]] with [[Russia]].
**<!--November 16-->[[United Kingdom|British]] troops occupy [[Tel Aviv]] and [[Jaffa]] in [[Palestine]].
**<!--November 16-->[[Georges Clemenceau]] becomes prime minister of [[France]]
* [[November 18]] - [[Sigma Alpha Rho]], Jewish [[High school fraternities and sororities|high school fraternity]], is founded in [[West Philadelphia]], [[Pennsylvania]]
* [[November 20]]
**<!--November 20-->World War I: [[Battle of Cambrai (1917)|Battle of Cambrai]] begins - British forces make early progress in an attack on German positions but are soon beaten back.
**<!--November 20-->[[Ukraine]] is declared a republic.
* [[November 22]] - In [[Montreal]], [[Canada]], the [[National Hockey Association]] breaks up.
* [[November 23]] - [[Bolsheviks]] release the full text of the previously secret [[Sykes-Picot Agreement]] in [[Izvestia]] and [[Pravda]]; it is subsequently printed in the [[Manchester Guardian]] on November 26.
* [[November 24]] - In [[Milwaukee]], [[Wisconsin]], nine members of the [[Milwaukee Police Department]] are killed by a bomb, the most fatal single event in U.S. police history until the [[September 11, 2001 attacks]].
* [[November 26]] - The [[National Hockey League]] is formed as a replacement.
* [[November 29]] - Striking coal miners at [[Rostov]] declare [[Don Republic]] - it lasts two weeks.
===December===
* [[December 3]] - After nearly 20 years of planning and construction, the [[Quebec Bridge]] opens to traffic (the bridge partially collapsed on [[August 29]] [[1907]] and [[September 11]] [[1916]]).
* [[December 6]]
**<!--December 6-->[[Finland's declaration of independence]].
**<!--December 6-->[[Halifax Explosion]]: Two freighters collide in [[Halifax Harbour]] at [[City of Halifax|Halifax]] [[Nova Scotia]] and cause a huge explosion that kills at least 1963 people, injures 9000 and destroys part of the city. Until [[Hiroshima]], this was the biggest manmade explosion in recorded history.
* [[December 11]] - British troops take [[Jerusalem]] from the troops of the [[Ottoman Empire]]
* [[December 25]] - ''[[Why Marry?]]'', first dramatic play to win a [[Pulitzer Prize]], opens at the [[Astor Theatre]] in [[New York City]].
* [[December 26]] - [[United States]] president [[Woodrow Wilson]] uses the [[Federal Possession and Control Act]] to place most U.S. [[railroad]]s under the [[United States Railroad Administration]], hoping to more efficiently transport troops and materials for the war effort.
===Undated===
* The last male [[Carolina Parakeet]] dies in Cincinnati Zoo.
* [[Lions Clubs International]] is formed.
* [[J.R.R. Tolkien]] begins writing the original ''[[The Book of Lost Tales|Book of Lost Tales]]'' (the first version of ''[[The Silmarillion]]''); thus [[Middle-earth]] is first written in about this year.
* [[Female suffrage]] in the [[Netherlands]]
* [[True Jesus Church]] is established in [[Beijing]].
* [[Oreland Boy Scout Troop 1]] is established.
* The first of the [[Cottingley Fairies]] photos are taken.
===Ongoing===
* [[World War I]] ([[1914]]-[[1918]]).
* [[Encephalitis lethargica]] (1917-[[1928]]).
* [[Russian Revolution of 1917|Russian Revolution]].
==Births==
{{Year in other calendars|Japanese=[[Taishō]] 6}}
===January-February===
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* [[January 2]] - [[Vera Zorina]], German dancer and actress (d. [[2003]])
* [[January 3]] - [[Roger W. Straus, Jr.]], American publisher (d. [[2004]])
* [[January 5]] - [[Jane Wyman]], American actress and wife of [[Ronald Reagan]] 1940-1948 (d. [[2007]])
* [[January 5]] - [[Francis L. Kellogg]], U.S. diplomat and prominent socialite (d. [[2006]])
* [[January 6]] - [[Koo Chen-fu]], [[Nationalist]] Chinese negotiator (d. [[2005]])
* [[January 10]] - [[Jerry Wexler]], American record producer
* [[January 12]]
**<!--January 12--> [[Jimmy Skinner]], Detroit Red Wings head coach (d. [[2007]])
**<!--January 12--> [[Maharishi Mahesh Yogi]], taught transcendental meditation to [[The Beatles]] (d. [[2008]])
* [[January 16]] - [[Carl Karcher]], founded the Carl's Jr. hamburger chain (d. [[2008]])
* [[January 19]]
**<!--January 19--> [[John Raitt]], American actor and singer (d. [[2005]])
**<!--January 19-->[[Graham Higman]], British mathematician (d. [[2008]])
* [[January 24]] - [[Ernest Borgnine]], American actor
* [[January 25]] - [[Ilya Prigogine]], Russian-born physicist and chemist, recipient of the [[Nobel Prize in Chemistry]] (d. [[2003]])
* [[January 26]] - [[William Verity Jr.]], American politician (d. [[2007]])
* [[February 1]] - [[James Harry Lacey]], a.k.a Squadron Leader James "Ginger" Lacey DFM & Bar, the top scoring RAF fighter pilot during the [[Battle of Britain]] (d. [[1989]])
* [[February 2]] - [[Đỗ Mười]], Vietnamese leader
* [[February 4]]
**<!--February 4--> [[Yahya Khan]], [[President of Pakistan]] (d. [[1980]])
**<!--February 4--> [[Abdur Rahman Badawi]], Egyptian [[existentialist]] philosopher (d. [[2002]])
* [[February 6]] - [[Zsa Zsa Gabor]], Hungarian-born actress
* [[February 11]]
**<!--February 11--> [[Sidney Sheldon]], American author (d. [[2007]])
**<!--February 11--> [[T. Nagi Reddy]], Indian revolutionary (d. [[1976]])
* [[February 14]] - [[Herbert A. Hauptman]], American mathematician, recipient of the [[Nobel Prize in Chemistry]]
* [[February 17]] - [[Joseph Conombo]], [[Prime Minister of Upper Volta]]
* [[February 18]] - [[Tuulikki Pietilä]], Finnish artist
* [[February 19]] - [[Carson McCullers]], American author (d. [[1967]])
* [[February 25]] - [[Anthony Burgess]], English author (d. [[1993]])
* [[February 27]] - [[John Connally]], Governor of Texas (d. [[1993]])
* [[February 28]] - [[Fidel Sánchez Hernández]], [[President of El Salvador]] (d. [[2003]])
===March-April===
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* [[March 1]]
**<!--March 1--> [[Harry Caray]], baseball broadcaster (d. [[1998]])
**<!--March 1--> [[Robert Lowell]], American poet (d. [[1977]])
* [[March 2]]
**<!--March 2--> [[Desi Arnaz]], Cuban-born actor, bandleader, and musician (d. [[1986]])
**<!--March 2--> [[John Gardner (composer)|John Gardner]], British composer
**<!--March 2--> [[Laurie Baker]], English architect (d. [[2007]])
* [[March 4]] - [[Clyde McCullough]], American baseball catcher (d. [[1982]])
* [[March 5]] - [[Raymond P. Shafer]], Governor of Pennsylvania (d. [[2006]])
* [[March 12]] - [[Googie Withers]], British actress
* [[March 14]] - [[John McCallum (actor)|John McCallum]], Australian actor
* [[March 16]] - [[Samael Aun Weor]], Columbian writer (d. [[1977]])
* [[March 19]] - [[Dinu Lipatti]], Romanian pianist (d. [[1950]])
* [[March 20]] - [[Vera Lynn]], English actress and singer
* [[March 24]] - [[John Kendrew]], British molecular biologist, recipient of the [[Nobel Prize in Chemistry]] (d. [[1997]])
* [[March 26]] - [[Rufus Thomas]], American singer (d. [[2001]])
* [[March 27]] - [[Cyrus Vance]], American politician (d. [[2002]])
* [[April 1]] - [[Sydney Newman]], Canadian-born television producer (d. [[1997]])
* [[April 2]] - [[Dabbs Greer]], American actor (d. [[2007]])
* [[April 5]] - [[Robert Bloch]], American writer (d. [[1994]])
* [[April 10]] - [[Robert Burns Woodward|Robert B. Woodward]], American chemist, [[Nobel Prize in Chemistry|Nobel Prize]] laureate (d. [[1979]])
* [[April 12]] - [[Helen Forrest]], American jazz singer (d. [[1999]])
* [[April 13]] - [[Robert O. Anderson]], American businessman, founder of Atlantic Richfield Oil Co. (d. [[2007]])
* [[April 14]] - [[Marvin Miller]], baseball executive
* [[April 17]] - [[Bill Clements]], Governor of Texas
* [[April 22]] - [[Yvette Chauviré]], French ballerina
* [[April 25]] - [[Ella Fitzgerald]], American jazz singer (d. [[1996]])
* [[April 26]] - [[Virgil Trucks]], baseball player
* [[April 30]] - [[Bea Wain]], American singer
===May-June===
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* [[May 1]] - [[Fyodor Khitruk]], Russian animator
* [[May 3]] - [[Kiro Gligorov]], [[President of the Republic of Macedonia]]
* [[May 8]] - [[John Anderson, Jr.]], American politician
* [[May 12]] - [[Frank Clair]], Canadian football coach (d. [[2005]])
* [[May 14]] - [[Lou Harrison]], American composer (d. [[2003]])
* [[May 16]] - [[George Gaynes]], Finnish-born actor
* [[May 20]] - [[Bergur Sigurbjörnsson]], Icelandic politician (d. [[2005]])
* [[May 21]] - [[Raymond Burr]], Canadian actor (d. [[1993]])
* [[May 22]] - [[Georg Tintner]], Austrian conductor (d. [[1999]])
* [[May 25]] - [[Theodore Hesburgh]], American priest and educator
* [[May 28]] - [[Papa John Creech]], American fiddler (d. [[1994]])
* [[May 29]] - [[John F. Kennedy]], [[President of the United States]] (d. [[1963]])
* [[June 1]] - [[William S. Knowles]], American chemist, [[Nobel Prize in Chemistry|Nobel Prize]] laureate
* [[June 7]] - [[Dean Martin]], American actor (d. [[1995]])
* [[June 10]]
**<!--June 10--> [[Eric Hobsbawm]], British historian
**<!--June 10--> [[Ruari McLean]], British typographer (d. [[2006]])
* [[June 15]]
**<!--June 15--> [[John Bennett Fenn]], American chemist, [[Nobel Prize in Chemistry|Nobel Prize]] laureate
**<!--June 15--> [[Lash La Rue]], American cowboy actor (d. [[1996]])
* [[June 16]]
**<!--June 16--> [[Irving Penn]], American photographer
**<!--June 16--> [[Katharine Graham]], American publisher (d. [[2001]])
**<!--June 17--> [[Ben Bubar]], American presidential candidate. (d. [[1994]])
**<!--June 17--> [[Atle Selberg]], Norwegian mathematician (d. [[2007]])
* [[June 30]] - [[Lena Horne]], American singer
===July-August===
* [[July 1]] - [[Humphry Osmond]], British psychiatrist (d. [[2004]])
* [[July 4]] - [[Manolete]], Spanish bullfighter (d. [[1947]])
* [[July 7]]
**<!--July 7--> [[Fidel Sánchez Hernández]], [[President of El Salvador]] (d. [[2003]])
**<!--July 7--> [[Larry O'Brien]], American politician and former NBA commissioner (d. [[1990]])
* [[July 10]]
**<!--July 10--> [[Don Herbert]], American television personality (d. [[2007]])
**<!--July 10--> [[Reg Smythe]], British cartoonist (d. [[1998]])
* [[July 16]] - [[William Woodson]], American voice actor
* [[July 17]]
**<!--July 17--> [[Phyllis Diller]], American comedian
**<!--July 17--> [[Red Sovine]], American country & folk singer & songwriter (d. [[1980]])
* [[July 18]] - [[Henri Salvador]], French singer (d. [[2008]])
* [[July 19]] - [[William Scranton]], American politician
* [[August 11]] - [[Dik Browne]], American Cartoonist (d. [[1989]])
* [[August 14]] - [[Marty Glickman]], American sports announcer (d. [[2001]])
* [[August 15]]
**<!--August 15--> [[Jack Lynch]], [[President of Ireland]] (d. [[1999]])
**<!--August 15--> [[Oscar Romero]], [[El Salvador]] Roman catholic Archbishop (d. [[1980]])
* [[August 18]] - [[Caspar Weinberger]], [[United States Secretary of Defense]] (d. [[2006]])
* [[August 22]] - [[John Lee Hooker]], American musician (d. [[2001]])
* [[August 25]] - [[Mel Ferrer]], Cuban-American actor, film director and film producer (d. [[2008]])
* [[August 28]] - [[Jack Kirby]], American comic book artist (d. [[1994]])
* [[August 29]] - [[Isabel Sanford]], American actress (d. [[2004]])
* [[August 30]] - [[Denis Healey]], British author and politician
===September-October===
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* [[September 6]] - [[Philipp von Boeselager]], German Wehrmacht officer, failed assassin of Adolf Hitler (d. [[2008]])
* [[September 7]]
**<!--September 7--> [[John Cornforth]], Australian chemist, [[Nobel Prize in Chemistry|Nobel Prize]] laureate
**<!--September 7--> [[Leonard Cheshire]], British war hero (d. [[1992]])
* [[September 10]] - [[Miguel Serrano]], Chilean diplomat, explorer, and journalist
* [[September 11]]
**<!--September 11--> [[Herbert Lom]], Czech-born British actor
**<!--September 11--> [[Ferdinand Marcos]], [[President of the Philippines]] (d. [[1989]])
** [[Daniel Wildenstein]], French art dealer and racehorse owner (d. [[2001]])
* [[September 13]] - [[Robert Ward]], American composer (d. [[1994]])
* [[September 15]] - [[Shanul Haq Haqqee]], Pakistani poet, author, lexicographer (d. [[2005]])
* [[September 20]] - [[Red Auerbach]], American basketball coach and official (d. [[2006]])
* [[September 25]] - [[Johnny Sain]], baseball player (d. [[2006]])
* [[September 27]] - [[Louis Auchincloss]], American novelist
* [[October 2]] - [[Christian de Duve]], English-born biologist, recipient of the [[Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine]]
* [[October 7]] - [[June Allyson]], American actress (d. [[2006]])
* [[October 8]]
**<!--October 8--> [[Danny Murtaugh]], baseball player and manager (d. [[1976]])
**<!--October 8--> [[Rodney Robert Porter]], English biochemist, recipient of the [[Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine]] (d. [[1985]])
* [[October 10]] - [[Thelonious Monk]], American jazz pianist (d. [[1982]])
* [[October 13]] - [[George Osmond|George Virl Osmond]], Osmond family patriarch (d. [[2007]])
* [[October 15]] - [[Jan Miner]], American actress (d. [[2004]])
* [[October 15]] - [[Arthur M. Schlesinger, Jr.]], American historian and political commentator (d. [[2007]])
* [[October 21]] - [[Dizzy Gillespie]], American musician (d. [[1993]])
* [[October 22]] - [[Joan Fontaine]], British-born actress
* [[October 30]] - [[Maurice Trintignant]], French race car driver (d. [[2005]])
===November-December===
* [[November 11]] - [[Madeleine Damerment]], French World War II heroine (d. [[1944]])
* [[November 18]] - [[Pedro Infante]], Mexican actor and singer (d. [[1957]])
* [[November 19]] - [[Indira Gandhi]], [[Prime Minister of India]] (d. [[1984]])
* [[November 20]] - [[Robert Byrd]], U.S. Senator from West Virginia
* [[November 22]] - [[Andrew Huxley]], English scientist, recipient of the [[Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine]]
* [[December 6]]
**<!--December 6--> - [[Kamal Jumblatt]], leader of the Lebanese Druze (d. [[1977]])
**<!--December 6--> - [[Irv Robbins]], Canadian-American entrepreneur (b. [[2008]])
* [[December 9]] - [[James Rainwater]], American physicist, [[Nobel Prize in Physics|Nobel Prize]] laureate (d. [[1986]])
* [[December 10]] - [[Sultan Yahya Petra]], King of Malaysia (d. [[1979]])
* [[December 16]] - [[Arthur C. Clarke]], British/Sri Lankan science-fiction author (d. 2008)
* [[December 20]] - [[David Bohm]], American-born physicist, philosopher, and neuropsychologist (d. [[1992]])
* [[December 21]] - [[Heinrich Böll]], German writer, [[Nobel Prize in Literature|Nobel Prize]] laureate (d. [[1985]])
* [[December 22]] - [[Gene Rayburn]], American television personality (d. [[1999]])
* [[December 27]] - [[Onni Palaste]], Finnish writer
* [[December 28]] - [[Ellis Clarke]], [[President of Trinidad and Tobago]]
* [[December 29]] - [[Ramanand Sagar]], Indian film director (d. [[2005]])
* [[December 30]] - [[Seymour Melman]], American industrial engineer (d. [[2004]])
==Deaths==
===January - June===
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* [[January 2]] - [[Edward Burnett Tylor]], English anthropologist (b. [[1832]])
* [[January 4]] - [[Frederick Selous]], explorer
* [[January 10]] - [[Buffalo Bill|William F. "Buffalo Bill" Cody]], American frontiersman (b. [[1846]])
* [[January 16]] - [[George Dewey]], U.S. admiral (b. [[1837]])
* [[February 5]] - [[Jaber II Al-Sabah]], Emir of [[Kuwait]] (b. [[1860]])
* [[February 10]] - [[John William Waterhouse]], Italian-born artist (b. [[1849]])
* [[March 5]] - [[Manuel de Arriaga]], first president of [[Portugal]] (b. [[1840]])
* [[March 8]] - [[Ferdinand von Zeppelin]], German inventor (b. [[1838]])
* [[March 17]] - [[Franz Brentano]], German philosopher and psychologist (b. [[1838]])
* [[March 31]] - [[Emil Adolf von Behring]], German winner of the [[Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine]] (b. [[1854]])
* [[April 1]] - [[Scott Joplin]], American musician and composer (b. [[1867]]-[[1868]])
* [[April 14]] - [[L. L. Zamenhof]], Polish creator of Esperanto (b. [[1859]])
* [[May 7]] - [[Albert Ball]], British World War I pilot, VC recipient (b.[[1896]])
* [[May 17]] - [[Charles Anthoni Johnson Brooke]], ruler of Sarawak (b. [[1829]])
* [[May 20]] - [[Philipp von Ferrary]], Italian stamp collector (b. [[1850]])
* [[May 25]] - [[Maksim Bahdanovič]], Belarusian poet (b. [[1891]])
* [[June 26]] - [[John Dunville]], British Army officer (b. [[1896]])
* [[June 30]] - [[Antonio de La Gandara]], French painter (b. [[1861]])
===July - December===
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* [[July 8]] - [[Tom Thomson]], Canadian painter (b. [[1877]])
* [[July 12]] - [[Donald Cunnell]], British World War I pilot (b.[[1893]])
* [[July 16]] - [[Philipp Scharwenka]], Polish-German composer (b. [[1847]])
* [[July 27]] - [[Emil Theodor Kocher|Emil Kocher]], Swiss medical researcher, recipient of the [[Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine]] (b. [[1841]])
* [[July 31]]
**<!--July 31--> [[Francis Ledwidge]], Irish poet (b. [[1887]])
**<!--July 31--> [[Hedd Wyn]], Welsh poet (killed in action) (b. [[1887]])
* [[August 3]] - [[Stephane Javelle]], French astronomer (b. [[1864]])
* [[August 13]] - [[Eduard Buchner]], German chemist, [[Nobel Prize in Chemistry|Nobel Prize]] laureate (b. [[1860]])
* [[August 20]] - [[Adolf von Baeyer]], German chemist, [[Nobel Prize in Chemistry|Nobel Prize]] laureate (b. [[1835]])
* [[August 30]] - [[Alan Leo]], British astrologer (b. [[1860]])
* [[September 27]] - [[Edgar Degas]], French painter (b. [[1834]])
* [[October 13]] - [[Florence La Badie]], Canadian actress (b. [[1888]])
* [[October 15]] - [[Mata Hari]], Dutch dancer and spy (executed) (b. [[1876]])
* [[October 23]] - [[Eugène Grasset]], Swiss artist (b. [[1845]])
* [[October 27]] - [[Arthur Rhys Davids]], British World War I pilot (b.[[1897]])
* [[October 28]] - [[Prince Christian of Schleswig-Holstein]] (b. [[1831]])
* [[November 8]] - [[Colin Blythe]], English cricketer (b. [[1879]])
* [[November 11]] - Queen [[Liliuokalani of Hawai'i]] (b. [[1838]])
* [[November 15]] - [[Émile Durkheim]], French sociologist (b. [[1858]])
* [[November 17]] - [[Neil James Archibald Primrose]], MP (killed in action) (b. [[1882]])
* [[November 17]] - [[Auguste Rodin]], French sculptor (b. [[1840]])
* [[December 8]] - [[Mendele Moykher Sforim]], Russian Yiddish and Hebrew writer (b. [[1836]])
* [[December 10]] - [[Mackenzie Bowell]], [[Prime Minister of Canada]] (b. [[1824]])
* [[December 12]] - [[Andrew Taylor Still]], American father of osteopathy (b. [[1828]])
* [[December 19]] - [[Richard Maybery]], British World War I pilot (b.[[1895]])
* [[December 28]] - [[Alfred Edwin McKay]], Canadian pilot (b. [[1892]])
==Nobel prizes==
* [[Nobel Prize in Physics|Physics]] - [[Charles Glover Barkla]]
* [[Nobel Prize in Chemistry|Chemistry]] - not awarded
* [[Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine|Medicine]] - not awarded
* [[Nobel Prize in Literature|Literature]] - [[Karl Adolph Gjellerup]], [[Henrik Pontoppidan]]
* [[Nobel Peace Prize|Peace]] - [[International Committee of the Red Cross]]
==Notes==
{{reflist}}
{{commonscat}}
==External links==
*[http://www.coinpage.com/1917-pictures.html 1917 Coin Pictures]
==Table of Contents==
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