1918 34594 225512853 2008-07-14T02:15:21Z SmackBot 433328 Date the maintenance tags or general fixes {{year nav|1918}} {{C20YearInTopicX}} Year '''1918''' ('''[[Roman numerals|MCMXVIII]]''') was a [[common year starting on Tuesday]] (link will display the full calendar) of the [[Gregorian calendar]] (or a [[common year starting on Monday]]<ref><!-- --> "Calendar in year 1918 ([[Russia]])" (Julian calendar, starting Tuesday), webpage: <!-- --> [http://www.timeanddate.com/calendar/index.html?year=1918&country=19 Julian-1918]<!-- --> (Romania used Julian in 1919, when Russia adopted Gregorian). </ref> of the 13-day-slower [[Julian calendar]]). <!-- 13-day span=Mon-Sun,Tue-Mon,Wed-Tue,Thu-Wed,Fr-Th,Sa-Fr,Sun-Sat --> {{C20YearTOC}} ==Events of 1918== ===January=== <!-- Link dates even if repeated, for date-format preferences. --> *[[January 12]] - [[Finland]] enacts "Mosaic Confessors" law granting Finnish Jews civil rights. *[[January 25]] - The [[Ukraine|Ukrainian people]] declare independence from [[Bolshevik]] [[Russia]]. *[[January 27]] - Breakout of the [[Finnish Civil War]]. ===February=== [[Image:Nepriklausomybes aktas.gif|thumb|right|[[February 16]]: The [[Act of Independence of Lithuania]]]] * [[February 1]] - [[Russia]] switches from the [[Julian calendar]] to the [[Gregorian calendar]], date skips to February 14. * [[February 16]] - The [[Council of Lithuania]] adopts the [[Act of Independence of Lithuania]], declaring [[Lithuania]]'s independence from the [[Russian Empire]]. * [[February 24]] - After 7 centuries of foreign rule, [[Estonia]] declares its independence from the Russian Empire. The country is occupied by [[German Empire|Germany]] the next day. [[Armenia]], [[Azerbaijan]], and [[Georgia (country)|Georgia]] also declare their independence from the [[Russian Empire]] but as the [[Transcaucasian Democratic Federative Republic]]. ===March=== <!-- Link dates even if repeated, for date-format preferences. --> * [[March 1]] - German submarine [[Unterseeboot 19|U 19]] sinks [[HMS Calgarian|HMS ''Calgarian'']] off [[Rathlin Island]], Northern Ireland. * [[March 3]] - [[World War I]]: Germany, [[Austria]] and [[Bolshevist Russia]] sign the [[Treaty of Brest-Litovsk]] ending Russia's involvement in the war. * [[March 4]] - A soldier at Camp Fuston, Kansas falls sick with the first confirmed case of the [[Spanish Flu]]. * [[March 5]] - The Soviet Russia moves its national capital from [[Petrograd]] to [[Moscow]] * [[March 6]] - [[Finnish Air Force]] founded. The blue [[swastika]] is adopted as its symbol as a tribute to the Swedish explorer and aviator [[Eric von Rosen]] who donated the first plane. Von Rosen had painted the Buddhist symbol on the plane as his personal lucky insignia. * [[March 7]] - World War I: [[Finland]] forms an alliance with Germany. * [[March 12]] – [[Moscow]] becomes the capital of Soviet Russia. * [[March 19]] - The [[Congress of the United States|U.S. Congress]] establishes [[time zone]]s and approves [[daylight saving time]] (DST went into effect on [[March 31]]). * [[March 21]] - World War I: [[First Battle of the Somme (1918)|Second Battle of the Somme]] begins. * [[March 23]] **The giant German cannon, the so-called [[Paris Gun]] begins to shell Paris from 114 km (75 miles) away. **In London at the [[Wood Green]] Empire, [[Chung Ling Soo]] (William E Robinson, US-born magician) dies during his trick where he was supposed to "catch" two separate bullets – one of them perforates his lung. He dies the following morning in hospital. **The [[Social Revolutionary Party]] declares [[Belarus]] independent; [[Bolshevik]] armies soon crush them. * [[March 25]] - [[Belarus]] declares independence. * [[March 27]] - [[Bessarabia]] votes for becoming a part of [[Romania]]. ===April=== * [[April 1]] - The [[Royal Flying Corps]] and the [[Royal Naval Air Service]] are merged to form the [[Royal Air Force]]. ===May=== * [[May 1]] - German troops enter [[Don River, Russia|Don]] province; they take [[Rostov]] [[May 6]]. * [[May 2]] - [[General Motors Corporation|General Motors]] acquires the [[Chevrolet Motor Company]] of [[Delaware]]. * [[May 11]] - The [[Mountainous Republic of the Northern Caucasus]] was officially established. * [[May 15]] - The Post Office Department (later renamed the [[United States Postal Service|USPS]]) begins the first regular [[airmail]] service in the world (between [[New York City]], [[Philadelphia]] and [[Washington, DC]]). * [[May 16]] - The [[Sedition Act of 1918]] is approved by US Congress. * [[May 20]] - The small town of [[Codell, Kansas]] was hit for the third year in a row by a [[tornado]] in 1918. Coincidentally, all three tornadoes hit on May 20th, 1916, 1917, and 1918 respectively. * [[May 26]] - The Transcaucasian Democratic Federative Republic is abolished. Georgia declares its independence as the [[Democratic Republic of Georgia]]. * [[May 27]] - The [[Third Battle of The Aisne]] commenced. * [[May 28]] - [[Armenia]] and [[Azerbaijan]] declare their independence as the [[Democratic Republic of Armenia]] and the [[Azerbaijan Democratic Republic]] respectively. ===June=== * [[June 1]] - World War I: [[Battle for Belleau Wood]] begins. * [[June 22]] - Suspects in the Chicago Restaurant Poisonings arrested and more than 100 waiters taken into custody for poisoning restaurant customers with a lethal powder called [[Mickey Finn (drugs)]]. ===July=== * [[July 3]]- The [[Siberian Expedition]] is launched to extract the Czechoslovak Legion from the Russian civil war. * [[July 4]] - Change of [[Ottoman Emperor|emperor]] of the [[Ottoman Empire]] from [[Mehmed V]] (Resad) ([[1909]]-1918) to [[Mehmed VI]] (1918-[[1922]]). * [[July 9]] - [[Great train wreck of 1918]]: In [[Nashville, Tennessee]], an inbound local train collides with an outbound express killing 101. * [[July 12]] - At least 621 killed, [[Japanese Imperial Navy]] battle ship ''[[Kawachi]]'' blew up at [[Yamaguchi Prefecture|Shunan]], western [[Honshu]], [[Japan]]. * [[July 13]] - The National Czechoslovak Committee was established. * [[July 15]] - World War I: [[Second Battle of the Marne]] - The battle begins near the [[River Marne]] with a German attack. * [[July 17]] - By order of the [[Bolshevik|Bolshevik Party]] and carried out by [[Cheka]], [[Nicholas II of Russia|Emperor Nicholas II of Russia]], his immediate family, and retainers were murdered at the [[Ipatiev House]] in [[Yekaterinburg|Ekaterinburg, Russia]]. * [[July 17]] - [[RMS Carpathia]], the rescue ship of the [[RMS Titanic]], is sunk off the coast of [[Ireland]] by the [[Underseeboat 55]] with 5 lives lost. ===August=== *August - "[[Spanish Flu]]" [[Influenza]] becomes [[pandemic]]; over twenty-five million people die in the following six months (almost twice as many as died during the war). * [[August 1]] - British anti-Bolshevik forces occupy [[Archangel, Russia]]. [[August 10]] commander is told to help [[White movement|White Russians]]. * [[August 8]] - World War I: [[Battle of Amiens]] - [[Canada|Canadian]] troops, backed by [[Australia]]ns, begin a string of almost continuous victories with a push through the German front lines. German General [[Erich Ludendorff]] will later call this the "black day of the German army." * [[August 30]] **Strike of 20,000 London policemen with demands of increased pay and union recognition. **[[Fanya Kaplan]] tries to shoot [[Lenin]]. Petrograd head of [[Cheka]] is assassinated the same day. ===September=== * [[September 11]] - The [[Boston Red Sox]] defeat the [[Chicago Cubs]] for the [[1918 World Series]] championship, their last World Series win until [[2004]]. They won again in [[2007]]. * [[September 29]] - [[Bulgaria]] requests an armistice in World War I. ===October=== <!-- Link dates even if repeated, for date-format preferences. --> * [[October 3]] - [[Wilhelm II of Germany|Kaiser]] makes [[Max von Baden]] [[German chancellor]]. * [[October 3]] - Abdication of King [[Ferdinand I of Bulgaria|Ferdinand]] of [[Bulgaria]] in the wake of the collapse of the Bulgarian military position in World War I. He is succeeded by his son, [[Boris III of Bulgaria|Boris III]]. * [[October 8]] - World War I - In the [[Argonne Forest]] in [[France]], US Corporal [[Alvin C. York]] almost single-handedly kills 25 German soldiers and captures 132. * [[October 11]] - The city of [[Mayagüez, Puerto Rico]] and other adjacent towns was nearly destroyed by an 7.5 earthquake and a tsunami. * [[October 12]] - The city of [[Cloquet, Minnesota]] and nearby areas are destroyed in a fire killing 453, known as the [[1918 Cloquet Fire]]. * [[October 15]] - The great spiritual teacher Sri Sai Baba of Shirdi attained his MAHASAMADHI * [[October 18]] **Washington Declaration proclaimed the independent Czechoslovak Republic. * [[October 25]] - The [[Princess Sophia (steamer)|Princess Sophia]] sinks on [[Vanderbilt Reef]] near [[Juneau, Alaska]], 353 people die in the greatest maritime disaster in the Pacific Northwest. * [[October 28]] **[[Czechoslovakia]] declares its independence from [[Austria-Hungary]]. **New Polish government in Western [[Galicia (Central Europe)]] * [[October 30]] **The Martin Declaration is published, including [[Slovakia]] in the formation of Czecho-Slovak state. **[[Mutawakkilite Kingdom of Yemen]] is conceded independence from the [[Ottoman Empire]] by the [[Armistice of Mudros]]. * [[October 31]] ** The [[Hungaria]]n government terminates the personal union with Austria, officially dissolving the [[Austro-Hungarian empire]]. * [[October]] - [[Mammy Lou]] becomes the oldest person to ever star in a [[film]], at age [[114]]. ===November=== <!-- Link dates even if repeated, for date-format preferences. --> * [[November 1]] **[[Malbone Street Wreck]]: the worst [[rapid transit]] accident in world history occurs under the intersection of Malbone Street and Flatbush Avenue, [[Brooklyn]], New York City, with at least 93 dead. **[[Ruthenia]] in eastern [[Czechoslovakia]] declares brief [[independence]] * [[November 3]] **World War I: Austria-Hungary enters an armistice with the [[Allies]]. **[[Poland]] declares its independence from Russia. * [[November 4]] ** World War I: [[Austria-Hungary]] surrenders to [[Italy]]. **Mutiny in the German fleet at [[Kiel]] begin the [[German Revolution]]. * [[November 6]] - A new Polish government is proclaimed in [[Lublin]]. * [[November 8]] - German army withdraws its support of the Kaiser * [[November 9]] **Kaiser [[Wilhelm II of Germany]] abdicates and chooses to live in exile in the [[Netherlands]]. **Provisional National Council Minister-President [[Kurt Eisner]] declares [[Bavaria]] to be a [[republic]]. * [[November 11]] **[[World War I]] ends: Germany signs [[Armistice with Germany (Compiègne)|an armistice agreement]] with the Allies in a [[railroad]] car outside of [[Compiègne]] in [[France]]. It becomes official on the 11th hour of the 11th day of the 11th month.{{Fact|date=July 2008}} **Poland regains independence after 123 years of [[Partitions of Poland|partitions]]. [[Józef Piłsudski]] is appointed [[Commander-in-Chief]]. **Emperor [[Charles I of Austria]] gives up his absolute power but does not abdicate. * [[November 12]] - [[Austria]] becomes a [[republic]]. * [[November 14]] **[[Czechoslovakia]] becomes a [[republic]]. **[[Józef Piłsudski]] is appointed [[head of state]] of [[Poland]] * [[November 16]] **[[Hungary]] declares independence from [[Austria]] **[[Hungarian People's Republic]] declared * [[November 18]] - [[Latvia]] declares its independence from Russia. * [[November 22]] **[[Spartacist League]] founds German Communist Party **[[Belgium|Belgian]] [[Monarchy of Belgium|royal family]] returns to [[Brussels]] after the war * [[November 26]] - the [[Podgorica]] Assembly voted for "union of the people", declaring a joining into the Kingdom of [[Serbia]] * [[November 28]] - [[Estonian War of Independence|Estonian Freedom War]]: [[Bolshevist Russia]] invades [[Estonia]], beginning of the war. A [[Commune of the Working People of Estonia|socialist republic]] is established in [[Narva]] the next day. *[[November 30]] - [[Ernest Ansermet]] conducts the first concert by the [[Orchestre de la Suisse Romande]]. ===December=== <!-- Link dates even if repeated, for date-format preferences. --> * [[December 1]] **[[Iceland]] becomes a self-governing kingdom, yet remains in personal union with the king of Denmark who also becomes king of the Kingdom of Iceland. **New voting laws in [[Sweden]]: votes no longer dependent on taxable assets; one person, one vote. **Proclamation of Union of [[Alba Iulia]]. Following the [[March 27]] incorporation of [[Bessarabia]] and [[Bucovina]], [[Transylvania]] unites with [[Romania]]. **The Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes (later known as the [[Kingdom of Yugoslavia]]) is proclaimed. * [[December 4]] - US President [[Woodrow Wilson]] sails for the [[Paris Peace Conference, 1919|Paris Peace Conference]], becoming the first US president to travel to [[Europe]] while in office. * [[December 20]] - [[Tomáš Masaryk|Tomáš Garrigue Masaryk]] returned to the Czechoslovak Republic. * [[December 27]] - Beginning of [[Great Poland Uprising]], the Poles in [[Greater Poland]] (or [[Grand Duchy of Poznan|Grand Duchy of Poznań]]) rise against the Germans. * [[December 28]] - [[Constance Georgine, Countess Markiewicz|Constance Markiewicz]] becomes the first woman elected to the [[British House of Commons]]. *[[December 31]] – A [[United Kingdom|British]]-brokered ceasefire ends two weeks of [[Georgian-Armenian War|Armeno-Georgian]] fighting. ===Undated=== * [[Habsburg]] Empire ceases to exist. * [[Grand Duchy of Baden]] ceases to exist. * British occupy [[Palestine]] * [[Native American Church]] is formally founded. * [[Association Against the Prohibition Amendment]] founded to promote [[repeal of prohibition]] in U.S. * [[United Business Media]] founded in London (as United Newspapers Ltd.) * The last captive [[Carolina Parakeet]] dies at [[Cincinnati Zoo]] - the last breed of [[parrot]] native to North America. ===Ongoing=== * [[Finnish Civil War]] between the Reds and the Whites, from January - April. * [[Katla]] erupts in [[Iceland]], from [[12 October]] - [[4 November]]. ==Births== {{Year in other calendars|japanese=[[Taishō]] 7}} ===January - February === <!-- Link dates even if repeated, for date-format preferences. --> *[[January 1]] - [[Patrick Anthony Porteous]], Scottish recipient of the [[Victoria Cross]] (d. [[2000]]) *[[January 10]] - [[Arthur Chung]], [[President of Guyana]] (d. [[2008]]) *[[January 15]] - [[Gamal Abdal Nasser]], 2nd [[President of Egypt]] (d. [[1970]]) *[[January 16]] **[[Nel Benschop]], Dutch poet (d. [[2005]]) **[[Stirling Silliphant]], American writer and producer (d. [[1996]]) *[[January 19]] - [[John H. Johnson]], American publisher (d. [[2005]]) *[[January 20]] - [[Juan García Esquivel]], Mexican bandleader (d. [[2002]]) *[[January 21]] **[[Richard D. Winters]], U.S. Army officer **[[Chichay]], Filipino actress (d. [[1993]]) *[[January 23]] - [[Gertrude B. Elion]], American scientist recipient of the [[Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine]] (d. [[1999]]) *[[January 24]] - [[Oral Roberts]], American neo-Pentecostal televangelist *[[January 25]] - [[Ernie Harwell]], American baseball sportscaster *[[January 26]] **[[Nicolae Ceauşescu]], Romanian dictator (d. [[1989]]) **[[Philip José Farmer]], American writer *[[January 27]] **[[Skitch Henderson]], English-born musician and bandleader (d. [[2005]]) **[[Elmore James]], American musician (d. [[1963]]) *[[January 29]] - [[John Forsythe]], American actor <!--FEBRUARY--> *[[February 1]] - [[Muriel Spark]], Scottish author (d. [[2006]]) *[[February 2]] - [[Hella Haasse]], Dutch writer *[[February 3]] **[[Helen Stephens]], American runner (d. [[1994]]) **[[Joey Bishop]], American entertainer, member of the [[Rat Pack]] (d. [[2007]]) *[[February 4]] **[[Ida Lupino]], English actress, screenwriter, director/producer (d. [[1995]]) **[[Janet Waldo]], American Actress & Voice Artist, (voice of [[Judy Jetson]] on [[The Jetsons]]) *[[February 6]] - [[Lothar-Günther Buchheim]], German author (d. [[2007]]) *[[February 7]] - [[Markey Robinson]], Irish painter (d. [[1999]]) *[[February 8]] - [[Fred Blassie]], American professional wrestler (d. [[2003]]) *[[February 12]] - [[Julian Schwinger]], American physicist, [[Nobel Prize in Physics|Nobel Prize]] laureate (d. [[1994]]) *[[February 15]] - [[Allan Arbus]], [[Dr. Sidney Freedman]] on ''[[M*A*S*H (TV series)|M*A*S*H]]'' *[[February 16]] - [[Patty Andrews]], American singer ([[The Andrews Sisters]]) *[[February 17]] - [[William Bronk]], American poet (d. [[1999]]) *[[February 20]] - [[Ben Klassen]], founder of the [[Creativity]] racist sect. (d. [[1993]]) *[[February 22]] **[[Don Pardo]], ''[[Saturday Night Live]]'' [[announcer]] **[[Robert Pershing Wadlow]], American tallest man record-holder (d. [[1940]]) **[[Charlie Finley]], Owner of the Oakland A's 1960-80 (d. [[1996]]) *[[February 25]] **[[Barney Ewell]], American athlete (d. [[1996]]) **[[Bobby Riggs]], American tennis player (d. [[1995]]) *[[February 26]] - [[Theodore Sturgeon]], American writer (d. [[1985]]) ===March - April=== [[Image:Postcard21000SoldiersCreateImageofPresidentWilsonCampShermanOH1918.jpg|thumb|right|250px|Image of President [[Woodrow Wilson]] created by 21,000 soldiers at Camp Sherman, [[Chillicothe, Ohio]]]] *[[March 1]] **[[Roger Delgado]], British actor (d. [[1973]]) **[[João Goulart]], [[President of Brazil]] (d. [[1976]]) *[[March 3]] **[[Arthur Kornberg]], American biochemist, recipient of the [[Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine]] (d. [[2007]]) **[[Fritz Thiedemann]], German equestrian (d. [[2000]]) *[[March 4]] - [[Margaret Osborne duPont]], former American female tennis player *[[March 5]] - [[James Tobin]], American economist, [[Nobel Prize in Economics|Nobel Prize]] laureate (d. [[2002]]) *[[March 9]] **[[George Lincoln Rockwell]], American Nazi leader (d. [[1967]]) **[[Mickey Spillane]], American writer (d. [[2006]]) *[[March 11]] - [[Jack Coe]], American evangelist (d. [[1956]]) *[[March 12]] - [[Elaine de Kooning]], American artist (d. [[1989]]) *[[March 15]] - [[William McIntyre]], [[Canada|Canadian]] [[Puisne Justice]] *[[March 16]] - [[Frederick Reines]], American physicist, [[Nobel Prize in Physics|Nobel Prize]] laureate (d. [[1998]]) *[[March 17]] - [[Mercedes McCambridge]], American actress (d. [[2004]]) *[[March 18]] - [[Bob Broeg]], American sports writer (d. [[2005]]) *[[March 20]] - [[Jack Barry]], American television game show host and producer (d. [[1984]]) *[[March 22]] - [[Cheddi Jagan]], [[President of Guyana]] (d. [[1997]]) *[[March 23]] - [[Émile Derlin Zinsou]], President of [[Benin]] *[[March 25]] - [[Howard Cosell]], American attorney, lecturer, and sports journalist (d. [[1995]]) *[[March 29]] **[[Pearl Bailey]], American singer and actress (d. [[1990]]) **[[Sam Walton]], founder of Wal-Mart (d. [[1992]]) *[[March 30]] - Joseph Allen (Jr.), American actor (d. [[1962]]) *[[April 8]] - [[Betty Ford]], [[First Lady of the United States]] *[[April 9]] - [[Jørn Utzon]], Danish architect *[[April 16]] - [[Spike Milligan]], Irish comedian (d. [[2002]]) *[[April 17]] - [[William Holden (actor)|William Holden]], American actor (d. [[1981]]) *[[April 18]] - [[Clifton Hillegass]], American author, founder of ''[[CliffsNotes]]'' (d. [[2001]]) *[[April 20]] - [[Kai Siegbahn]], Swedish physicist, [[Nobel Prize in Physics|Nobel Prize]] laureate (d. [[2007]]) *[[April 22]] - [[Mickey Vernon]], baseball player *[[April 22]] - [[William Jay Smith]], American poet *[[April 26]] - [[Fanny Blankers-Koen]], Dutch athlete (d. [[2004]]) ===May - June=== *[[May 1]] - [[Jack Paar]], American television show host (d. [[2004]]) *[[May 3]] - [[Benjamin C. Thompson]], American architect (d. [[2002]]) *[[May 9]] **[[Mike Wallace (journalist)|Mike Wallace]], American journalist **[[Orville L. Freeman]], American politician (d. [[2003]]) *[[May 11]] - [[Richard Feynman]], American physicist, [[Nobel Prize in Physics|Nobel Prize]] laureate (d. [[1988]]) *[[May 12]] - [[Ethel and Julius Rosenberg|Julius Rosenberg]], American-born Soviet spy (d. [[1953]]) *[[May 15]] - **[[Eddy Arnold]], American country music singer (d. [[2008]]) **[[Joseph Wiseman]], Canadian actor *[[May 16]] - [[Wilf Mannion]], English footballer (d. [[2000]]) *[[May 17]] - [[Birgit Nilsson]], Swedish soprano (d. [[2005]]) *[[May 19]] - [[Abraham Pais]], Dutch-born American physicist (d. [[2000]]) *[[May 20]] - [[Edward B. Lewis]], American geneticist, recipient of the [[Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine]] (d. [[2004]]) *[[May 23]] - [[Frank Mancuso]], major league baseball player and politician (d. [[2007]]) *[[May 27]] - [[Yasuhiro Nakasone]], [[Prime Minister]] of [[Japan]], 1982-87 *[[May 30]] (towards) - [[Károly Doncsecz]], Slovenian potter, ''Master of folk art'' (d. [[2002]]) <!--JUNE--> *[[June 4]] - [[Johnny Klein]], American drummer (d. [[1997]]) *[[June 6]] - [[Edwin G. Krebs]], American biochemist, recipient of the [[Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine]] *[[June 8]] - [[Robert Preston]], American Actor in [[The Music Man]] (d. [[1987]]) *[[June 18]] **[[Jerome Karle]], American chemist, [[Nobel Prize in Chemistry|Nobel Prize]] laureate **[[Franco Modigliani]], Italian-born economist, [[Nobel Prize in Economics|Nobel Prize]] laureate (d. [[2003]]) ===July - August=== <!-- Link dates even if repeated, for date-format preferences. --> *[[July 4]] **[[Ann Landers]], American advice columnist (d. [[2002]]) **[[Abigail Van Buren]], American advice columnist and twin sister to Ann Landers **[[Taufa'ahau Tupou IV]], King of Tonga (d. [[2006]]) *[[July 5]] - [[George Rochberg]], American composer (d. [[2005]]) *[[July 6]] - [[Sebastian Cabot (actor)|Sebastian Cabot]], American Actor (d. [[1977]]) *[[July 9]] - [[Jarl Wahlström]], Salvation Army General (d. [[1999]]) *[[July 13]] - [[Alberto Ascari]], Italian race car driver (d. [[1955]]) *[[July 14]] - [[Ingmar Bergman]], Swedish film director (d. [[2007]]) *[[July 15]] - [[Bertram N. Brockhouse]], Canadian physicist, [[Nobel Prize in Physics|Nobel Prize]] laureate (d. [[2003]]) *[[July 16]] - [[Bayani Casimiro]], Filipino dancer and actor (d. [[1989]]) *[[July 17]] - [[Carlos Manuel Arana Osorio]], [[President of Guatemala]] (d. [[2003]]) *[[July 18]] - [[Nelson Mandela]], [[President of South Africa]], recipient of the [[Nobel Peace Prize]] *[[July 24]] - [[Ruggiero Ricci]], Italian-born violinist *[[July 25]] - [[Jane Frank]], American artist (d. [[1986]]) *[[July 27]] - [[Leonard Rose]], American cellist (d. [[1984]]) *[[July 29]] - [[Edwin O'Connor]], American novelist and [[Pulitzer Prize for Fiction]] winner (d. [[1968]]) *[[July 31]] - [[Paul D. Boyer]], American chemist, [[Nobel Prize in Chemistry|Nobel Prize]] laureate <!--AUGUST--> *[[August 3]] - [[Sidney Gottlieb]], American Central Intelligence Agency official (d. [[1999]]) *[[August 5]] - [[Betty Oliphant]], co-founder of National Ballet of Canada (d. [[2004]]) *[[August 8]] - [[Brian Stonehouse]], English painter and World War II spy (d. [[1998]]) *[[August 13]] - [[Frederick Sanger]], English biochemist, [[Nobel Prize in Chemistry|Nobel Prize]] laureate *[[August 25]] - [[Leonard Bernstein]], American composer and conductor (d. [[1990]]) *[[August 26]] - [[Hutton Gibson]], [[Mel Gibson]]'s father; a writer on religion *[[August 30]] - [[Ted Williams]], American baseball player (d. [[2002]]) === September - October=== <!-- Link dates even if repeated, for date-format preferences. --> *[[September 3]] - [[Helen Wagner]], American actress/Soap opera star *[[September 4]] - [[Paul Harvey]], American radio broadcaster *[[September 8]] - [[Derek Harold Richard Barton]], British chemist, [[Nobel Prize in Chemistry|Nobel Prize]] laureate (d. [[1998]]) *[[September 13]] - [[Rosemary Kennedy]], sister of [[President of the United States]] [[John F. Kennedy]] (d. [[2005]]) *[[September 17]] - [[Chaim Herzog]], 6th [[President of Israel]] 1983–93 (d. [[1997]]) *[[September 19]] - [[Robert S. Strauss]], Democratic National Committee Chairman, [[Jimmy Carter]]'s Presidential Campaign Chairman. *[[September 21]] - [[John Gofman]], American [[Manhattan Project]] scientist and advocate (d. [[2007]]) *[[September 22]] - [[Henryk Szeryng]], Polish-born violinist (d. [[1988]]) *[[September 27]] - [[Martin Ryle]], English radio astronomer, recipient of the [[Nobel Prize in Physics]] (d. [[1984]]) *[[October 4]] - [[Kenichi Fukui]], Japanese chemist, [[Nobel Prize in Chemistry|Nobel Prize]] laureate (d. [[1998]]) *[[October 8]] - [[Jens Christian Skou]], Danish chemist, [[Nobel Prize in Chemistry|Nobel Prize]] laureate *[[October 9]] - [[E. Howard Hunt]], Coordinated [[Watergate scandal|Watergate]] break-in (d. [[2007]]) *[[October 17]] - [[Rita Hayworth]], American actress (d. [[1987]]) *[[October 18]] - [[Constantine Mitsotakis]], former Greek Prime Minister *[[October 19]] - [[Louis Althusser]], French philosopher (d. [[1990]]) *[[October 23]] - [[Augusta Dabney]], American actress *[[October 27]] **[[Mihkel Mathiesen]], Estonian statesman (d. [[2003]]) **[[Teresa Wright]], American actress (d. [[2005]]) *[[October 31]] - [[Ian Stevenson]], American parapsychologist (d. [[2007]]) ===November - December=== *[[November 3]] **[[Bob Feller]], baseball player **[[Elizabeth P. Hoisington]], American Brigadier General (d. [[2007]]) **[[Russell B. Long]], U.S. Senator from Louisiana (d. [[2003]]) **[[Dean Riesner]], film and television screenwriter (d. [[2002]]) *[[November 4]] - [[Art Carney]], American actor (d. [[2003]]) *[[November 7]] - [[Billy Graham]], American Evangelist, Spiritual Adviser to Multiple U.S. Presidents *[[November 9]] - [[Spiro Agnew]], American Vice President (d. [[1996]]) *[[November 10]] - [[Ernst Otto Fischer]], German chemist, [[Nobel Prize in Chemistry|Nobel Prize]] laureate *[[November 13]] - [[Jack Elam]], American actor (d. [[2003]]) *[[November 29]] - [[Madeleine L'Engle]], American author (d. [[2007]]) *[[November 30]] - [[Efrem Zimbalist, Jr]], American Actor ~ Voice Reading the Audio [[Bible]] <!--DECEMBER--> *[[December 8]] - [[Gérard Souzay]], French baritone (d. [[2004]]) *[[December 9]] - [[Jerome Beatty, Jr.]], author of children's literature (d. [[2002]]) *[[December 11]] - [[Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn]], Russian writer, [[Nobel Prize in Literature|Nobel Prize]] laureate *[[December 12]] - [[Joe Williams (jazz singer)|Joe Williams]], American jazz singer (d. [[1999]]) *[[December 15]] - [[Jeff Chandler (actor)|Jeff Chandler]], American actor (d. [[1961]]) *[[December 21]] **[[Donald Regan]], American [[United States Secretary of the Treasury|Treasury Secretary]] and [[White House Chief of Staff]] (d. [[2003]]) **[[Kurt Waldheim]], [[President of Austria]] and [[Secretary-General of the United Nations]] (d. [[2007]]) *[[December 23]] **[[José Greco]], Italian-born flamenco dancer (d. [[2001]]) **[[Helmut Schmidt]] [[Head of State]] ~ [[Chancellor of Germany]] 1974-82 *[[December 25]] - [[Anwar Sadat]], [[President of Egypt]], recipient of the [[Nobel Peace Prize]] (d. [[1981]]) ==Deaths== ===January - June=== <!-- DEATHS --> <!-- Link dates even if repeated, for date-format preferences. --> *[[January 6]] - [[Georg Cantor]], German mathematician (b. [[1845]]) *[[January 8]] - [[Ellis H. Roberts]], American politician (b. [[1827]]) *[[January 9]] - [[Émile Reynaud]], French science teacher and maker of the first animated films (b. [[1844]]) *[[January 28]] - [[John McCrae]], Canadian soldier and poet (b. [[1872]]) *[[February 5]] - [[Leonard Monteagle Barlow]], British World War I pilot (b.[[1898]]) *[[February 6]] - [[Gustav Klimt]], Austrian painter (b. [[1862]]) *[[February 10]] - [[Ernesto Teodoro Moneta]], Italian pacifist, recipient of the [[Nobel Peace Prize]] (b. [[1833]]) *[[February 23]] - [[Adolf Friedrich VI, Grand Duke of Mecklenburg-Strelitz]] (b. [[1882]]) *[[March 10]] - [[Jim McCormick]], baseball player (b. [[1856]]) *[[March 13]] - [[César Cui]], Lithuanian composer (b. [[1835]]) *[[March 23]] - [[T. P. Cameron Wilson]], poet and novelist (killed in action) (b. [[1888]]) *[[March 25]] - [[Claude Debussy]], French composer (b. [[1862]]) *[[March 27]] - [[Henry Adams]], American historian (b. [[1838]]) *[[April 5]] - [[George Tupou II of Tonga|George Tupou II]], king of Tonga (b. [[1874]]) *[[April 20]] - [[Karl Ferdinand Braun]], German phyicist, [[Nobel Prize in Physics|Nobel Prize]] laureate (b. [[1850]]) *[[April 22]] - [[Manfred von Richthofen]], "Red Baron", German World War I pilot (b, [[1892]]) *[[April 28]] - [[Gavrilo Princip]], assassin of Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria (b. [[1894]]) *[[May 14]] - [[James Gordon Bennett, Jr.]], American newspaper publisher (b. [[1841]]) *[[May 19]] - [[Raoul Lufbery]], American World War I pilot (b. [[1885]]) *[[May 30]] - [[Georgi Plekhanov]], Russian revolutionary and Marxist theoretician (b. [[1856]]) *[[June 1]] - [[Roderic Dallas]], Australian air ace (killed in action) (b. [[1891]]) *[[June 10]] - [[Arrigo Boito]], Italian poet and composer (b. [[1842]]) ===July - December=== <!-- DEATHS --> <!-- Link dates even if repeated, for date-format preferences. --> *[[July 3]] - Sultan [[Mehmed V of the Ottoman Empire]] (b. [[1844]]) *[[July 9]] - [[James McCudden]], British World War I pilot, VC recipient (b. [[1895]]) *[[July 16]] ([[New Style|N.S.]]) - [[Nicholas II of Russia|Tsar Nicholas II of Russia]] (b. [[1868]]). and his family: **[[Alexandra of Hesse|Tsarina Alexandra of Russia]] (b. [[1872]]) **[[Grand Duchess Olga Nikolaevna of Russia]] (b. [[1895]]) **[[Grand Duchess Tatiana Nikolaevna of Russia]] (b. [[1897]]) **[[Grand Duchess Maria Nikolaevna of Russia]] (b. [[1899]]) **[[Grand Duchess Anastasia Nikolaevna of Russia]] (b. [[1901]]) **[[Tsarevich Alexei of Russia]] (b. [[1904]]) *[[July 22]] - [[Indra Lal Roy]], Indian World War I pilot (killed in combat) (b. [[1898]]) *[[July 26]] - [[Edward Mannock]], Irish World War I pilot (Killed in combat) (b.[[1887]]) *[[July 29]] - [[Ernest William Christmas]], Australian [[painter]] (b. [[1863]]) *[[July 31]] - [[George McElroy]], British World War I pilot (Killed in combat) (b.[[1893]]) *[[August 1]] - [[John Riley Banister]], American law officer, cowboy, and Texas Ranger (b. [[1854]]) *[[August 10]] - [[Jean Brillant]], Canadian VC recipient (killed in action) (b. [[1890]]) *[[August 18]] - [[Henry Norwest]], Canadian World War I sniper (b. [[1884]]) *[[September 12]] - [[George Reid (Australian politician)|George Reid]], fourth [[Prime Minister of Australia]] (b. [[1845]]) *[[September 28]] - [[Georg Simmel]], German sociologist and philosopher (b. [[1858]]) *[[September 28]] - [[Freddie Stowers]], American soldier (b. 1896) *[[October 5]] - [[Roland Garros (aviator)|Roland Garros]], French pilot (shot down) (b. [[1888]]) *[[October 11]] - [[Wallace Lloyd Algie]], Canadian VC recipient (killed in action) (b. [[1891]]) *[[October 15]] - [[Sai Baba of Shirdi]], Indian [[guru]] and [[fakir]] (b. circa [[1838]]) *[[October 22]] - [[Myrtle Gonzalez]], American stage and screen actress (b. [[1891]]) *[[November 2]] - [[Hugh Cairns (VC)]] Canadian Victoria Cross Recipient From Saskaton, SK *[[November 4]] - [[Wilfred Owen]], English poet (killed in action) (b. [[1893]]) *[[November 9]] - [[Guillaume Apollinaire]], French poet (b. [[1880]]) *[[November 19]] - [[Joseph F. Smith|Joseph Fielding Smith]], sixth president of [[The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints]] (b. [[1838]]) *[[December 11]] - [[Ivan Cankar]], Slovenian writer (b. [[1876]]) *[[December 28]] - [[Olavo Bilac]], Brazilian poet (b. [[1865]]) ==Nobel prizes== * [[Nobel Prize in Physics|Physics]] - [[Max Planck|Max Karl Ernst Ludwig Planck]] * [[Nobel Prize in Chemistry|Chemistry]] - [[Fritz Haber]] * [[Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine|Medicine]] - not awarded * [[Nobel Prize in Literature|Literature]] - not awarded * [[Nobel Peace Prize|Peace]] - not awarded Mark Harlost(1988)-head of plastic surgery ==Notes== {{reflist}} {{commonscat}} ==External references== [[Category:1918| ]]<!--years 19xx are blank-category--> [[af:1918]] [[am:1918 እ.ኤ.አ.]] [[ar:1918]] [[an:1918]] [[frp:1918]] [[ast:1918]] [[gn:1918]] [[av:1918]] [[az:1918]] [[bn:১৯১৮]] [[map-bms:1918]] [[be:1918]] [[be-x-old:1918]] [[bh:१९१८]] [[bs:1918]] [[br:1918]] [[bg:1918]] [[ca:1918]] [[cv:1918]] [[cs:1918]] [[co:1918]] [[cy:1918]] [[da:1918]] [[de:1918]] [[et:1918]] [[el:1918]] [[es:1918]] [[eo:1918]] [[eu:1918]] [[fa:۱۹۱۸ (میلادی)]] [[fo:1918]] [[fr:1918]] [[fy:1918]] [[fur:1918]] [[ga:1918]] [[gv:1918]] [[gd:1918]] [[gl:1918]] [[gan:1918年]] [[ko:1918년]] [[hy:1918]] [[hi:1918]] [[hif:1918]] [[hr:1918.]] [[io:1918]] [[ilo:1918]] [[bpy:মারি ১৯১৮]] [[id:1918]] [[ia:1918]] [[os:1918]] [[is:1918]] [[it:1918]] [[he:1918]] [[jv:1918]] [[pam:1918]] [[kn:೧೯೧೮]] [[ka:1918]] [[csb:1918]] [[kk:1918]] [[kw:1918]] [[sw:1918]] [[ht:1918 (almanak gregoryen)]] [[ku:1918]] [[la:1918]] [[lv:1918]] [[lb:1918]] [[lt:1918 m.]] [[lij:1918]] [[lmo:1918]] [[hu:1918]] [[mk:1918]] [[mi:1918]] [[mr:इ.स. १९१८]] [[ms:1918]] [[nah:1918]] [[nl:1918]] [[new:ई सं १९१८]] [[ja:1918年]] [[nap:1918]] [[no:1918]] [[nn:1918]] [[nrm:1918]] [[nov:1918]] [[oc:1918]] [[uz:1918]] [[pi:१९१८]] [[pap:1918]] [[nds:1918]] [[pl:1918]] [[pt:1918]] [[ty:1918]] [[ksh:Joohr 1918]] [[ro:1918]] [[ru:1918 год]] [[se:1918]] [[sq:1918]] [[scn:1918]] [[simple:1918]] [[sk:1918]] [[sl:1918]] [[so:1918]] [[sr:1918]] [[sh:1918]] [[su:1918]] [[fi:1918]] [[sv:1918]] [[tl:1918]] [[ta:1918]] [[tt:1918]] [[te:1918]] [[th:พ.ศ. 2461]] [[vi:1918]] [[tr:1918]] [[uk:1918]] [[vec:1918]] [[vo:1918]] [[wa:1918]] [[vls:1918]] [[yi:1918]] [[yo:1918]] [[zh-yue:1918年]] [[cbk-zam:1918]] [[bat-smg:1918]] [[zh:1918年]]