1944 34622 225495874 2008-07-14T00:19:54Z CalendarWatcher 2292203 /* February */ {{year nav|1944}} {{C20YearInTopicX}} Year '''1944''' ('''[[Roman numerals|MCMXLIV]]''') was a [[leap year starting on Saturday]] (link will display full calendar) of the [[Gregorian calendar]]. {{C20YearTOCship}} == Events of 1944- == WWII begins on September 1, 1939 after Germany invades Poland. :: ''(Below, events of [[World War II]] have the "[[World War II|WWII]]" prefix.)'' ===January=== <!-- Link all dates, even if repeated, for date-format preferences. --> * [[January 4]] - [[World War II|WWII]]: The [[Battle of Monte Cassino]] begins. * [[January 5]] **[[World War II|WWII]]: Murder of [[Denmark|Danish]] priest, poet and playwright [[Kaj Munk]]. **The ''[[Daily Mail]]'' becomes the first transoceanic [[newspaper]]. * [[January 14]] - [[World War II|WWII]]: The Soviet troops start the offensive at [[Saint Petersburg|Leningrad]] and [[Novgorod]]. * [[January 15]] **[[World War II|WWII]]: The [[27th Polish Home Army Infantry Division]] recreated, marking the start of [[Operation Tempest]] by the Polish [[Home Army]]. **An [[1944 San Juan earthquake|earthquake]] hits [[San Juan, Argentina]] killing an estimated 10,000 people in the worst [[natural disaster]] in Argentina's history. * [[January 17]] - [[World War II|WWII]]: **[[United Kingdom|British]] forces, in [[Italy]], cross the [[Garigliano River]]. **Meat Rationing ends in [[Australia]]. **[[Soviet Union]] ceases the production of [[Mosin-Nagant 1891/30]] [[sniper rifle]]. * [[January 20]] - [[World War II|WWII]]: The [[Royal Air Force]] drops 2,300 tons of bombs on [[Berlin]]. The [[US 36th Infantry Division|U.S. Army 36th Infantry Division]], in Italy, attempts to cross the [[Rapido River]]. * [[January 22]] - [[World War II|WWII]]: [[Allies]] begin [[Operation Shingle]], the assault on [[Anzio]], [[Italy]]. The [[45th Infantry Division (United States)|U.S. Army 45th Infantry Division]] stand their ground at Anzio against violent assaults for 4 months. * [[January 27]] - [[World War II|WWII]]: The two year [[Siege of Leningrad]] is lifted. * [[January 29]] - [[World War II|WWII]]: The [[Battle of Cisterna]] takes place. * [[January 30]] - [[World War II|WWII]]: [[United States]] troops invade [[Majuro, Marshall Islands]]. * [[January 31]] - [[World War II|WWII]]: American forces land on [[Kwajalein Atoll]] and other islands in the [[Japan]]ese-held [[Marshall Islands]]. ===February=== * [[February 1]] - [[World War II|WWII]]: [[United States]] troops land in the [[Marshall Islands]]. * [[February 2]] - Publication of first issue of ''[[Human Events]]''. * [[February 3]] - [[World War II|WWII]]: [[United States]] troops capture the [[Marshall Islands]]. * [[February 7]] - [[World War II|WWII]]: In [[Anzio]], [[Italy|Italian]] forces launch a counteroffensive. * [[February 14]] - [[World War II|WWII]]: **[[SHAEF]] headquarters established in Britain by General [[Dwight D. Eisenhower]]. **Anti-[[Japan]]ese revolt on [[Java (island)|Java]]. * [[February 15]] - [[World War II|WWII]]: [[Battle of Monte Cassino]] - the monastery atop [[Monte Cassino]] is destroyed by Allied bombing. * [[February 17]] - [[World War II|WWII]]: [[Battle of Eniwetok Atoll]] begins. The battle ended in an American victory on [[February 22]]. * [[February 19]] - [[World War II|WWII]]: The Battle for [[Iwo Jima]] begins as US Marines attack the Japanese stronghold. * [[February 20]] - [[World War II|WWII]]: **"Big Week" begins with American bomber raids on [[Germany|German]] [[aircraft]] manufacturing centers. **The [[United States]] takes [[Eniwetok]] Island. * [[February 23]] - [[World War II|WWII]]: The [[Chechen people|Chechens]] and [[Ingush people|Ingush]] are forcibly deported to [[Central Asia]]. * [[February 26]] - - Shooting begins of the [[Nazism|Nazi]] propaganda film, [["The Fuehrer Gives a Village to the Jews"]] in [[Theresienstadt]]. * [[February 29]] - [[World War II|WWII]]: The Admiralty Islands are invaded by U.S. forces in the [[Battle of Los Negros]] and [[Operation Brewer]]. ===March=== <!-- Link all dates, even if repeated, for date-format preferences. --> *March - [[World War II|WWII]]: The Japanese launch an offensive in central and south [[China]]. * [[March 1]] - [[World War II|WWII]]: **[[USS Tarawa (CV-40)|USS Tarawa]] and [[USS Kearsarge (CV-33)|USS Kearsarge]] laid down. **Anti-[[fascist]] [[Strike action|strike]] in northern [[Italy]]. * [[March 2]] - [[World War II|WWII]]: [[Train]] stalls inside a railway tunnel outside [[Salerno]], [[Italy]] - 521 choke to death * 2 March - [[16th Academy Awards]] ceremony * [[March 3]] - [[World War II|WWII]]: The [[Order of Nakhimov]] and the [[Order of Ushakov]] were instituted in [[USSR]] * [[March 4]] - In [[Ossining (village), New York|Ossining, New York]], [[Louis Buchalter]], the leader of [[1930s]] crime syndicate [[Murder, Inc.]], is executed at [[Sing Sing (prison)|Sing Sing]], along with [[Emanuel "Mendy" Weiss]], and [[Louis Capone]]. * [[March 6]] - [[World War II|WWII]]: Soviet Army planes attack [[Narva]] in [[Estonia]], destroying almost the entire old town. * [[March 9]] - [[World War II|WWII]]: Soviet Army planes attack [[Tallinn]], [[Estonia]]. * [[March 10]] - [[World War II|WWII]]: In Britain the [[Education Act]] lifts the ban on women [[teacher]]s marrying. * [[March 12]] - [[World War II|WWII]]: The Creation of the politic Committee of national liberation in [[Greece]]. * [[March 15]] - [[World War II|WWII]]: **[[Battle of Monte Cassino]] - [[Allies|Allied]] aircraft bomb German-held monastery and stage an assault. **The National Council of the [[French Resistance]] approves the [[Resistance movement|Resistance]] programme. * [[March 17]] - [[World War II|WWII]]: The hitlerists assassinate at [[Rîbniţa]] almost 400 prisoners, Soviet citizens and anti-[[fascist]] Romanians. * [[March 19]] - [[World War II|WWII]]: [[Germany|German]] forces occupy [[Hungary]]. * [[March 18]] - The eruption of [[Mount Vesuvius]] in [[Italy]] kills 26 and causes thousands to flee their homes. * [[March 20]] - [[World War II|WWII]]: [[Royal Air Force|RAF]] Flight Sergeant [[Nicholas Alkemade]]'s bomber is hit over Germany and he has to bail out without a [[parachute]] from the height of over 4000 meters. Tree branches interrupt his fall and he lands safely on deep snow * [[March 23]] - [[World War II|WWII]]: members of the [[Italian Resistance]] attack [[Nazis]] marching in [[via Rasella]]. 33 Nazis are killed. * [[March 24]] - [[World War II|WWII]]: **The [[Fosse Ardeatine]] massacre in Rome, Italy. 335 Italians are killed, including 75 Jews and over 200 members of the [[Italian Resistance]] from various groups. **In the Polish village of [[Markowa]], German police kill Józef and Wiktoria Ulm, their six children and eight Jewish people they were hiding. ===April=== * [[April 25]] - [[World War II|WWII]]: The [[United Negro College Fund]] is incorporated. * [[April 28]] - [[World War II|WWII]]: 749 American troops are killed in [[Exercise Tiger]] at [[Start Bay]], [[Devon]], [[England]]. ===May=== * [[May 5]] - [[World War II|WWII]]: [[Mohandas Gandhi]] released in [[India]]. * [[May 9]] - [[World War II|WWII]]: In the Ukrainian city of [[Sevastopol]], Soviet troops had completely driven out the German forces. The besieged German troops had been ordered by [[Hitler]] to “fight to the last Man.”<ref>"Year by Year 1944" -- [[History Channel International]]</ref> * [[May 12]] - [[World War II|WWII]]: Soviet troops finalize the liberation of [[Crimea]]. * [[May 18]] - [[World War II|WWII]]: **[[Battle of Monte Cassino]] - Germans evacuate [[Monte Cassino]] and [[Allies|Allied]] forces take the stronghold after a struggle that claimed 20,000 lives. **Deportation of [[Crimean Tatars]] by the [[Soviet Union]] government. * [[May 30]] - [[Princess Charlotte, Duchess of Valentinois|Princess Charlotte Louise Juliette Louvet Grimaldi]] of [[Monaco]], heir to the throne resigns from her rights in favor of her son [[Rainier III, Prince of Monaco|Prince Rainier Louis Henri Maxence Bertrand Grimaldi]], later reigning Prince [[Rainier III, Prince of Monaco|Rainier III of Monaco]]. ===June=== <!-- Link all dates, even if repeated, for date-format preferences. --> [[Image:NormandySupply edit.jpg|thumb|300px|Allied troops land on the beaches of Normandy during [[D-Day]].]] * [[June 1]] - [[World War II|WWII]]: The [[BBC]] transmits a coded message (the first line of a poem by [[Paul Verlaine]]) to [[underground resistance]] fighters in [[France]] warning that the invasion of [[Europe]] is imminent. * [[June 2]] - [[World War II|WWII]]: The provisional [[France|French]] government is established. * [[June 4]] - [[World War II|WWII]]: **A hunter-killer group of the [[United States Navy]] captures the [[Germany|German]] submarine [[Unterseeboot-505|U-505]], marking the first time a U.S. Navy vessel had captured an enemy vessel at [[sea]] since the [[19th century]]. **[[Rome]] falls to the [[Allied powers|Allies]]. It is the first capital of an [[Axis powers|Axis]] nation to fall. * [[June 5]] - [[World War II|WWII]]: **More than 1000 [[United Kingdom|British]] bombers drop 5000 tons of bombs on [[Germany|German]] gun batteries on the [[Normandy]] coast in preparation for [[D-Day]]. **At 10:15 p.m. local time, the [[BBC]] transmits the second line of the [[Paul Verlaine]] poem to the [[underground resistance]] indicating that the invasion of [[Europe]] is about to begin. **The German navy's [[Enigma machine|Enigma]] messages are decoded almost in real time. * [[June 6]] - [[World War II|WWII]]: [[Battle of Normandy]] begins - ''Operation Overlord'', code named [[D-Day]], commences with the landing of 155,000 [[Allies|Allied]] troops on the beaches of [[Normandy]] in [[France]]. The allied soldiers quickly break through the [[Atlantic Wall]] and push inland in the largest amphibious [[military]] operation in history. This operation was used to help liberate [[France]] from [[Germany]]. It also weakened the [[Nazi Germany]] hold on [[Europe]]. * [[June 7]] - [[World War II|WWII]]: [[Bayeux]] liberated by British troops. * [[June 9]] - [[World War II|WWII]]: [[Stalin]] launches an offensive against [[Finland]] with the intent of defeating Finland before pushing for [[Berlin]]. * [[June 10]] - [[World War II|WWII]]: 642 men, women and children are killed in the [[Oradour-sur-Glane]] Massacre in [[France]]. * [[June 13]] - [[World War II|WWII]]: [[Germany]] launches a [[V1 Flying Bomb]] attack on [[England]]. * [[June 15]] - [[World War II|WWII]]: **[[Battle of Saipan]]: The [[United States]] invades [[Saipan]]. **[[United States|American]] forces push back [[Germany|Germans]] in [[St. Lo]], capturing the city. * [[June 17]] **[[World War II|WWII]]: The proclamation of the Republic of [[Iceland]]. **[[Iceland]] declares full independence from [[Denmark]]. * [[June 22]] - [[World War II|WWII]]: **[[Operation Bagration]]: General attack by [[Soviet]] forces to clear the [[Germany|German]] forces from [[Belarus]] which resulted in the destruction of the German [[Army Group Centre]], possibly the greatest defeat of the Wehrmacht during WWII. **[[Burma Campaign]]: The [[Battle of Kohima]] ends in a British victory. * [[June 25]] - [[World War II|WWII]]: The [[Battle of Tali-Ihantala]] between Finnish and Soviet troops begins. Largest battle ever to be fought in the [[Nordic countries]]. * [[June 26]] - [[World War II|WWII]]: American troops enter [[Cherbourg-Octeville|Cherbourg]]. * [[June 29]] - Deportation of [[Hungarian Jews]] to [[Auschwitz]] and other [[Nazi]] [[concentration camps]] begins. ===July=== <!-- Link all dates, even if repeated, for date-format preferences. --> * [[July 1]] - Start of the [[United Nations Monetary and Financial Conference]] at [[Bretton Woods, New Hampshire]]. * [[July 3]] - [[World War II|WWII]]: **Soviet troops liberate [[Minsk]]. **[[Battle of Imphal]]: Japanese forces call off their advance, ending the battle in a [[United Kingdom|British]] victory. * [[July 6]] **[[Hartford Circus Fire]]: More than 100 children died in one of the worst fire disasters in the history of the [[United States]]. **[[World War II|WWII]]: At [[Camp Hood]], Texas, future baseball star and 1st Lt. [[Jackie Robinson]] is arrested and later court-martialed for refusing to move to the back of a segregated [[U.S. Army]] bus. He is eventually acquitted. * [[July 9]] - [[World War II|WWII]]: [[United Kingdom|British]] and [[Canada|Canadian]] forces capture [[Caen]]. * [[July 10]] - [[World War II|WWII]]: Soviet troops start the operations for occupying the Baltic countries. * [[July 13]] - [[World War II|WWII]]: Liberation of [[Vilnius]]. * [[July 16]] - [[World War II|WWII]]: Arrival of the first contingent of the [[Brazilian Expeditionary Force (FEB)|Brazilian Expeditionary Force]] in Italy. * [[July 17]] - [[World War II|WWII]]: **The largest convoy of the war embarks from [[Halifax Harbour|Halifax, Nova Scotia]] under [[Royal Canadian Navy]] protection. ** SS ''E.A.Bryan'', loaded with ammunition, explodes in the [[Port Chicago]] naval base - 320 dead. * [[July 18]] - [[World War II|WWII]]: [[Hideki Tojo]] resigns as [[Prime Minister]] of [[Japan]] due to numerous setbacks in the war effort. * [[July 20]] - [[World War II|WWII]]: [[Adolf Hitler]] survives an [[July 20 Plot|assassination attempt]]. See [[Claus von Stauffenberg]] * [[July 21]] - [[World War II|WWII]]: **[[Battle of Guam (1944)|Battle of Guam]] - [[United States|American]] troops land on [[Guam]] starting the battle (ends on [[August 10]]). **The creation of the Polish Committee for national liberation. * [[July 22]] - End of Bretton Woods conference and signing of Agreements. * [[July 25]] - [[World War II|WWII]]: [[Operation Spring]] - One of the bloodiest days for [[Canada|Canadian]]s during the war: 18,444 casualties, including 5,021 killed. ===August=== <!-- Link all dates, even if repeated, for date-format preferences. --> [[Image:Warsaw Uprising boyscouts.jpg|right|300px|thumb|[[Szare Szeregi]] Scouts also fought in the [[Warsaw Uprising]].]] * [[August 1]] - [[World War II|WWII]]: [[Warsaw Uprising]] begins. * [[August 2]] - [[World War II|WWII]]: ** [[Turkey]] ends diplomatic and economic relations with [[Germany]]. ** the First Assembly of [[ASNOM]] was held in the Prohor Pchinski monastery * [[August 4]] - [[Holocaust]]: A tip from a [[Netherlands|Dutch]] informer leads the [[Gestapo]] to a sealed-off area in an [[Amsterdam]] warehouse where they find [[Jew]]ish diarist [[Anne Frank]] and her family. * [[August 5]] - Holocaust: [[Poland|Polish]] insurgents liberate a [[Germany|German]] [[labor camp]] in [[Warsaw]], freeing 348 [[Jew]]ish prisoners. * [[August 7]] - [[IBM]] dedicates the first program-controlled [[calculator]], the Automatic Sequence Controlled Calculator (known best as the [[Harvard Mark I]]). * [[August 9]] - The [[United States Forest Service]] and the [[Wartime Advertising Council]] release posters featuring [[Smokey the Bear]] for the first time. * [[August 12]] - [[World War II|WWII]]: **Allies capture [[Florence]], [[Italy]]. **World's first undersea [[oil pipeline]] laid, between [[England]] and [[France]] in [[Operation Pluto]] * [[August 15]] - [[World War II|WWII]]: [[Operation Dragoon]] lands Allies in southern [[France]]. [[45th Infantry Division (United States)|U.S. Army 45th Infantry Division]] participates in its fourth assault landing at St. Maxime, spearheading the drive for the Belfort Gap. * [[August 19]] - [[World War II|WWII]]: Start of Victorious insurrection in [[Paris]]. * [[August 20]] - [[World War II|WWII]]: American forces successfully defeat [[nazi]] forces at [[Chambois]]. This victory closed the [[Falaise Gap]]. * [[August 23]] - [[World War II|WWII]]: [[Ion Antonescu]], prime minister of [[Romania]], is arrested and a new government is established. [[Romania]] exits the war against [[Soviet Union]] joining the [[Allies]]. * [[August 24]] - [[World War II|WWII]]: Allies liberate [[Paris]], therefore ending The [[Battle of Normandy]]. * [[August 25]] - [[World War II|WWII]]: [[Hungary]] decides to continue the war together with [[Germany]]. * [[August 29]] - [[World War II|WWII]]: [[Slovakia|Slovak]] National Uprising against Axis powers begins. *[[August 31]] - [[The Mad Gasser of Mattoon]] resumes his mysterious attacks in [[Mattoon, Illinois]]. ===September=== *[[September 1]] - [[World War II|WWII]]: In [[Bulgaria]], the [[Ivan Ivanov Bagrianov|Bagrianov]] government resigns. *[[September 2]] - [[World War II|WWII]]: Holocaust: Diarist Anne Frank and her family are placed on the last transport train from Westerbork to Auschwitz. They arrive three days later. *[[September 3]] - [[World War II|WWII]]: Allies liberate [[Brussels]]. *[[September 4]] - [[World War II|WWII]]: **The [[United Kingdom|British]] 11th Armored Division liberates the city of [[Antwerp]] in [[Belgium]]. **Finland breaks off relations with [[Germany]]. *[[September 5]] - [[World War II|WWII]]: The Soviets declare war on [[Bulgaria]]. *[[September 7]] - [[World War II|WWII]]: The Belgian government returns from exile in Britain. *[[September 8]] - [[World War II|WWII]]: **[[London]] is hit by a [[V2 rocket]] for the first time. **The French town of [[Menton]] is liberated from [[Germany]]. *[[September 9]] - [[World War II|WWII]]: Insurrection in [[Sofia]]. *[[September 11]] - [[World War II|WWII]]: Northern and Southern France invasion forces link up near [[Dijon]]. *[[September 17]] - [[World War II|WWII]]: [[Operation Market Garden]] begins. *[[September 19]] - [[World War II|WWII]]: Armistice between Finland and Soviet Union signed. (End of the [[Continuation War]]) *[[September 20]] - [[World War II|WWII]]: [[Jüri Uluots]], prime minister in capacity of president of [[Estonia]], escapes to [[Sweden]]. Two days later, [[Tallinn]] is taken over by the [[Red Army]]. *[[September 24]] - [[World War II|WWII]]: The [[45th Infantry Division (United States)|U.S. Army 45th Infantry Division]] takes the strongly defended city of [[Epinal]] before crossing the [[Moselle River]] and entering the western foothills of the Vosges. *[[September 26]] - [[World War II|WWII]]: [[Operation Market Garden]] ends in an Allied withdrawal. **On [[Gothic Line#Central Front (5th Army)| middle front]] of [[Gothic Line#Battle| Gothic Line]] Brazilians troops controlled the Serchio valley region after ten days of fighting. ===October=== * [[October 2]] - [[World War II|WWII]]: **[[Warsaw Uprising]] ends. **Holocaust: [[Nazism|Nazi]] troops end the [[Warsaw Uprising]]. * [[October 5]] - [[World War II|WWII]]: [[Royal Canadian Air Force]] pilots shoot down the first [[Germany|German]] [[Jet aircraft|jet fighter]] over Holland ) * [[October 6]] - [[World War II|WWII]]: [[Battle of Debrecen]] starts on the [[Eastern Front (World War II)|Eastern Front]] (lasts until [[October 29]]). * [[October 8]] - The [[radio]] show, ''[[The Adventures of Ozzie and Harriet]]'' debuts. * [[October 9]] - [[World War II|WWII]]: [[United Kingdom|British]] Prime Minister [[Winston Churchill]] and [[Soviet Union]] Premier [[Joseph Stalin]] begin a nine-day conference in [[Moscow]] to discuss the future of [[Europe]]. * [[October 10]] - [[Holocaust]]: 800 [[Roma (people)|Gypsy]] children are systematically murdered at [[Auschwitz]] death camp * [[October 12]] - [[World War II|WWII]]: The Allies land at [[Athens]]. * [[October 13]] - [[World War II|WWII]]: [[Riga]], the capital of [[Latvia]] is taken over by the [[Red Army]]. * [[October 14]] - [[World War II|WWII]]: [[Germany|German]] [[Field Marshal]] [[Erwin Rommel]] committed suicide rather than face execution for allegedly conspiring against [[Adolf Hitler]]. * [[October 18]] - [[World War II|WWII]]: [[Volkssturm]] founded on [[Hitler]]'s orders. * [[October 20]] - [[World War II|WWII]]: **[[Belgrade]] is liberated by Yugoslav Partisans and the [[Red Army]]. **[[LNG]] explosion destroys a [[square mile]] (2.6 km²) of [[Cleveland, Ohio]]. **Landed by the American forces in Red Beach in [[Palo, Leyte]], since general [[Douglas MacArthur]] returned to the [[Philippines]] with the Philippine Commonwealth president [[Sergio Osmeña]] with the Philippine generals of the [[Armed Forces of the Philippines]] are general Basilio Valdes and general [[Carlos P. Romulo]]. **The United States and Filipino troops with the Filipino guerillas started in the [[Battle of Leyte]]. **The American forces landed the beaches in [[Dulag, Leyte]], the [[Philippines]] by the attacked from the Japanese occupation forces, and continued by the Filipino troops entered to the town. * [[October 21]] - [[World War II|WWII]]: [[Aachen]],the first [[Germany|German]] city to fall, is captured by the Americans. * [[October 23]] - [[World War II|WWII]]: Naval [[Battle of Leyte Gulf]] in the [[Philippines]] begins (lasts until [[October 26]]). * [[October 25]] **[[Florence Foster Jenkins]] recital in the [[Carnegie Hall]] **[[World War II|WWII]]: [[Red Army]] liberates [[Kirkenes]], the first town in [[Norway]] to be liberated from German occupation. * [[October 30]] - [[Anne Frank]] and sister [[Margot Frank]] are deported from [[Auschwitz]] to the [[Bergen-Belsen]] [[concentration camp]]. * [[October 31]] - Mass murderer [[Marcel Petiot]] is apprehended in [[Paris Métro]] station ===November=== * [[November 3]] - [[World War II|WWII]]: Two supreme commanders of the [[Slovak National Uprising]], Generals [[Ján Golian]] and [[Rudolf Viest]] are captured, tortured and later executed by German forces. * [[November 7]] **[[U.S. presidential election, 1944]]: [[Franklin Delano Roosevelt|Franklin D. Roosevelt]] wins reelection over [[United States Republican Party|Republican]] challenger [[Thomas E. Dewey]] to become the only U.S. president to be elected to a fourth term. **[[Rail transport in Puerto Rico#Tragedy on election day in 1944|Passenger train derails]] in [[Aguadilla]], [[Puerto Rico]] due to excessive speed in a declining hill. 16 killed; 50 injured. * [[November 22]] - [[William Lyon Mackenzie King]] introduces [[conscription]] in [[Canada]] (see [[Conscription Crisis of 1944]]). * [[November 24]] - The entire territory of [[Estonia]] is taken over by the [[Red Army]]. ===December=== <!-- Link all dates, even if repeated, for date-format preferences. --> * [[December 30]] - [[World War II|WWII]]: [[Edward Stettinius Jr.]] becomes the last [[United States Secretary of State]] of the [[Franklin Delano Roosevelt|Roosevelt]] administration, by filling the seat left by [[Cordell Hull]]. * [[December 3]] - [[World War II|WWII]]: [[Civil war]] breaks out in a newly-liberated [[Greece]], between [[Communism|Communists]] and royalists. * [[December 10]] - Legendary Italian conductor [[Arturo Toscanini]] leads a concert performance of the first half of [[Beethoven]]'s ''[[Fidelio]]'' (minus its spoken dialogue) on [[NBC]] radio, starring [[Rose Bampton]]. He chooses this opera for its political message - a statement against tyranny and dictatorship. Conducting it in German, Toscanini intends it as a tribute to the German people who are being oppressed by Hitler. The second half will be broadcast a week later. The performance will later be released on LP and CD. This is the first of seven operas that the Maestro will conduct on radio. * [[December 12]] and [[December 13|13]] - [[World War II|WWII]]: British units attempt to take the hilltop town of Tossignano; they are repulsed. * [[December 13]] - The United States and Philippine Commonwealth troops landed in [[Mindoro Island]], the [[Philippines]] by the attack the Japanese forces during the [[Battle of Mindoro]]. * [[December 14]] - Soviet government change Turkish names of place to Russian in Crimean * [[December 15]] - A private airplane carrying bandleader [[Glenn Miller]] disappears in heavy fog over the [[English Channel]] while flying to [[Paris]]. * [[December 16]] - [[World War II|WWII]]: **Germany begins the Ardennes offensive, later to become known as [[Battle of the Bulge]]. **General [[George C. Marshall]] becomes the first [[General of the Army (United States)|Five-Star General]]. * [[December 17]] - [[World War II|WWII]]: German troops carry out the [[Malmedy massacre]]. * [[December 22]] - [[World War II|WWII]]: Brigadier General [[Anthony C. McAuliffe]], commander of the U.S. forces defending [[Bastogne]], refuses to accept demands for surrender by sending a one-word reply, "Nuts!", to the German command. * [[December 24]] - [[World War II|WWII]]: The Bulge reaches its deepest point at [[Celles]]. * [[December 26]] **[[World War II|WWII]]: American troops repulse [[Germany|German]] forces at [[Bastogne]]. **Premiere of ''[[The Glass Menagerie]]'' by [[Tennessee Williams]]. * [[December 30]] - [[World War II|WWII]]: King [[George II of Greece]] declares a regency, leaving his throne vacant. * [[December 31]] - [[World War II|WWII]]: [[Hungary]] declares war on [[Germany]]. * [[December 31]] - [[World War II|WWII]]: over hundreds of thousands of the Japanese Imperial forces killed in action, after the battles from the Filipino and American military forces are victory after the [[Battle of Leyte]]. ===Undated=== * In [[Sweden]], the law of 1864 that criminalizes homosexuality is abolished. *Swedish author of children's books [[Astrid Lindgren]] publishes her first book ''[[Pippi Longstocking]]''. * In [[Sweden]], Erik Wallenberg and Ruben Rausing invent a way to package milk in paper and start the company [[Tetra Pak]]. * [[Hans Asperger]] publishes his paper on [[Asperger's syndrome|Asperger's Syndrome]] * [[National Council on Alcoholism and Drug Dependence]] established. * [[Canada|Canadian]] [[Arctic]] [[List of explorers|explorer]] [[Henry Larsen]] becomes the first person to successfully navigate the [[Northwest Passage]] in both directions in a schooner. He would chronicle the event in his [[autobiography]], entitled “The Big Ship” ({{ASIN|B000ETAS4K}}).<ref>"Year by Year 1944" -- [[History Channel International]]</ref> ===Ongoing=== * [[Sino-Japanese War (1937-1945)|Sino-Japanese War]] ([[1937]]-[[1945]]) * [[World War II|Second World War]] ([[1939]]-[[1945]]) ==Births== {{Year in other calendars|japanese=[[Shōwa]] 19}} ''For more 1944 births see [[:Category:1944 births]]'' ===January-February=== <!-- Link all dates, even if repeated, for date-format preferences. --> * [[January 1]] - [[Omar Hasan Ahmad al-Bashir]], President of the [[Sudan]] * [[January 2]] - Prince [[Norodom Ranariddh]], Cambodian politician * [[January 3]] - [[Chris von Saltza]], American swimmer * [[January 6]] **[[Bonnie Franklin]], American actress **[[Rolf M. Zinkernagel]], Swiss immunologist, recipient of the [[Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine]] * [[January 9]] - [[Ian Hornak]], American Painter, Draughtsman and Sculptor (d. [[2002]]) * [[January 9]] - [[Jimmy Page]], English guitarist ([[Led Zeppelin]]) * [[January 12]] - [[Joe Frazier]], American boxer * [[January 17]] - [[Françoise Hardy]], French singer * [[January 18]] - [[Paul Keating]], twenty-fourth [[Prime Minister of Australia]] * [[January 19]] - [[Shelley Fabares]], American actress and singer * [[January 23]] - [[Rutger Hauer]], Dutch actor * [[January 25]] - [[Anita Pallenberg]], Italian model and actress * [[January 26]] - [[Angela Davis]], American feminist and activist * [[January 27]] **[[Peter Akinola]], Nigerian religious leader **[[Mairead Corrigan]], Northern Irish activist, recipient of the [[Nobel Peace Prize]] **[[Nick Mason]], English drummer ([[Pink Floyd]]) * [[January 28]] **[[Susan Howard]], American actress **[[John Tavener]], British composer * [[February 3]] - [[Dave Davies]], British musician ([[The Kinks]]) * [[February 5]] - [[Al Kooper]], American musician ([[Blood, Sweat, and Tears]]) * [[February 9]] - [[Alice Walker]], American writer * [[February 10]] - [[Vernor Vinge]], American writer * [[February 11]] - [[Michael G. Oxley]], American politician * [[February 12]] - [[Moe Bandy]], country music singer * [[February 13]] **[[Stockard Channing]], American actress **[[Jerry Springer]], English-born television host * [[February 14]] **[[Carl Bernstein]], American journalist **[[Alan Parker]], English-born film director, actor, and writer * [[February 16]] - [[Richard Ford]], American writer * [[February 17]] - [[Karl Jenkins]], Welsh composer * [[February 20]] - [[Willem van Hanegem]], Dutch football player and coach * [[February 22]] **[[Jonathan Demme]], American film director, producer, and writer **[[Tom Okker]], Dutch tennis player * [[February 23]] - [[Johnny Winter]], American musician * [[February 24]] - [[Nicky Hopkins]], British musician (d. [[1994]]) * [[February 27]] - [[Ken Grimwood]], American writer (d. [[2003]]) * [[February 28]] - [[Sepp Maier]], German footballer * [[February 29]] - [[Dennis Farina]], American actor ===March-April=== <!-- Link all dates, even if repeated, for date-format preferences. --> * [[March 1]] **[[John Breaux]], U.S. Senator from Louisiana **[[Roger Daltrey]], English musician ([[The Who]]) * [[March 2]] - [[Uschi Glas]], German actress * [[March 4]] **[[Harvey Postlethwaite]], British engineer and race car designer (d. [[1999]]) **[[Mary Wilson (singer)]], American singer **[[Bobby Womack]], American singer and songwriter * [[March 6]] - [[Kiri Te Kanawa]], New Zealand soprano * [[March 8]] - [[Buzz Hargrove]], Canadian labour leader * [[March 11]] - [[Don Maclean]], British comedian * [[March 15]] - [[Sly Stone]], American singer * [[March 17]] - [[John Sebastian]], American singer and songwriter ([[The Lovin' Spoonful]]) * [[March 19]] **[[Said Musa]], [[Prime Minister of Belize]] **[[Sirhan Sirhan]], Palestinian assassin of [[Robert F. Kennedy]] * [[March 24]] - [[R. Lee Ermey]], U.S. Marine and actor * [[March 26]] - [[Diana Ross]], American singer (The Supremes) * [[March 28]] - [[Rick Barry]], American basketball player * [[March 29]] - [[Denny McLain]], baseball player * [[April 3]] - [[Tony Orlando]], American musician * [[April 4]] - [[Magda Aelvoet]], Belgian politician * [[April 6]] - [[Felicity Palmer]], English soprano * [[April 7]] - [[Gerhard Schröder]], [[Chancellor of Germany]] * [[April 8]] **[[Jimmy Walker (basketball)| Jimmy Walker]], American professional basketball player (d.[[2007]]) **[[Odd Nerdrum]], Norwegian painter * [[April 11]] - [[John Milius]], American film director, producer, and screenwriter * [[April 13]] - [[Jack Casady]], American musician ([[Jefferson Airplane]] and [[Hot Tuna]]) * [[April 15]] - [[Dzhokhar Dudayev]], Chechen leader, the first President of the Chechen Republic of Ichkeria, an unrecognized breakaway state in the North Caucasus (d. [[1996]]) * [[April 19]] - [[James Heckman]], American economist, [[Nobel Prize in Economics|Nobel Prize]] laureate * [[April 22]] - [[Steve Fossett]], American aviator, sailor and millionaire adventurer ([[missing person|m.]] [[2007]], [[legally dead|l. d.]] [[2008]]) * [[April 27]] - [[Michael Fish]], British TV weatherman * [[April 28]] - [[Jean-Claude Van Cauwenberghe]], Belgian politician * [[April 29]] - [[Richard Kline]], American actor and television director * [[April 30]] - [[Jill Clayburgh]], American actress ===May-June=== <!-- Link all dates, even if repeated, for date-format preferences. --> * [[May 1]] - [[Suresh Kalmadi]], Indian politician * [[May 4]] - [[Paul Gleason]], American actor (d. [[2006]]) * [[May 5]] - [[John Rhys-Davies]], Welsh actor * [[May 8]] - [[Gary Glitter]], English singer * [[May 9]] - [[Richie Furay]], American musician ([[Poco]] and [[Buffalo Springfield]]) * [[May 10]] - [[Jim Abrahams]], American film director * [[May 12]] - [[Sara Kestelman]], British actor * [[May 13]] - [[Armistead Maupin]], American author * [[May 14]] - [[George Lucas]], American film director and producer * [[May 20]] **[[Joe Cocker]], British singer **[[Boudewijn de Groot]], Dutch singer **[[Dietrich Mateschitz]], Austrian businessman * [[May 21]] - [[Mary Robinson]], [[President of Ireland]] * [[May 23]] **[[John Newcombe]], Australian tennis player **[[Avraham Oz]], Israeli Professor of Theatre, translator, and political activist * [[May 24]] - [[Patti LaBelle]], American singer * [[May 25]] - [[Frank Oz]], English puppeteer and film director * [[May 28]] **[[Rudy Giuliani]], former Mayor of New York City **[[Gladys Knight]], American singer **[[Patricia Quinn]], Northern Irish actress **[[Rita MacNeil]], Canadian folk singer * [[May 30]] - [[Meredith MacRae]], American actress (d. [[2000]]) <!--JUNE--> * [[June 1]] - [[Robert Powell]], English actor * [[June 3]] - [[Edith McGuire]], American sprinter * [[June 4]] - [[Michelle Phillips]], American singer ([[Mamas and the Papas]]) and actress * [[June 5]] **[[Tommie Smith]], American athlete **[[Colm Wilkinson]], Irish singer * [[June 6]] - [[Phillip Allen Sharp]], American scientist, recipient of the [[Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine]] * [[June 8]] **[[Don Grady]], American actor and singer **[[Mark Belanger]], baseball player (d. [[1998]]) * [[June 24]] **[[Jeff Beck]], British musician **[[John "Charlie" Whitney]], British rock guitarist ([[Family (band)|Family]]) * [[June 29]] - [[Gary Busey]], American actor * [[June 30]] - [[Raymond Moody]], parapsychologist ===July-August=== * [[July 8]] - [[Jeffrey Tambor]], American actor * [[July 13]] - [[Ernő Rubik]], Hungarian inventor * [[July 17]] - [[Mark Burgess (cricket player)|Mark Burgess]], [[New Zealand]] [[cricket]] [[captains]] * [[July 21]] **[[Tony Scott]], English film director **[[Paul Wellstone]], U.S. Senator from Minnesota (d. [[2002]]) * [[July 23]] - [[Alex Buzo]], of Sydney, Australian playwright and author (d. [[2006]]) * [[July 27]] - [[Tony Capstick]], English comedian, actor, and musician (d. [[2003]]) * [[July 31]] **[[Geraldine Chaplin]], American actress **[[Robert C. Merton]], American economist, [[Nobel Prize in Economics|Nobel Prize]] laureate <!--AUGUST--> * [[August 2]] - [[Jim Capaldi]], British drummer, singer, and songwriter ([[Traffic (band)|Traffic]]) (d. [[2005]]) * [[August 4]] **[[Richard Belzer]], American actor and comedian **[[Orhan Gencebay]], Turkish musician, baglama virtuoso, composer, singer, arranger, music producer, music director, and actor. * [[August 8]] - [[Brooke Bundy]], American actress * [[August 9]] - [[Sam Elliott]], American actor * [[August 11]] - [[Ian McDiarmid]], Scottish actor * [[August 13]] - [[Kevin Tighe]], American actor * [[August 15]] - [[Sylvie Vartan]], Bulgarian singer * [[August 19]] - [[Bodil Malmsten]], Swedish writer * [[August 20]] - [[Linda Clifford (singer)|Linda Clifford]], American R&B and dance singer * [[August 21]] **[[Peter Weir]], Australian film director **[[Kari S. Tikka]], Finnish Professor of Finance (d. [[2006]]) * [[August 23]] - [[Saira Banu]], Indian actress * [[August 26]] - [[HRH]] [[Prince Richard, Duke of Gloucester|Prince Richard of Gloucester]] * [[August 31]] **[[Roger Dean (artist)|Roger Dean]], British artist **[[Jos LeDuc]], Canadian professional wrestler (d. [[1999]]) ===September-October=== <!-- Link all dates, even if repeated, for date-format preferences. --> * [[September 1]] - [[Leonard Slatkin]], American conductor * [[September 2]] - [[Gilles Marchal]], French musician * [[September 6]] - [[Christian Boltanski]], French artist. * [[September 7]] **[[Earl Manigault]], American basketball player (d. [[1998]]) **[[Bora Milutinovic]], Serbian football coach * [[September 12]] **[[Leonard Peltier]], U.S. Presidential candidate **[[Barry White]], American singer (d. [[2003]]) * [[September 16]] - [[Betty Kelley]], American singer (Martha and the Vandellas) * [[September 17]] - [[Reinhold Messner]], Italian Mountaineer * [[September 19]] - [[Ismet Özel]], Turkish poet * [[September 21]] - [[Hamilton Jordan]], Carter's first [[White House Chief of Staff|Chief of Staff]] (d. [[2008]]) * [[September 22]] - [[Frazer Hines]], British actor * [[September 25]] - [[Michael Douglas]], American actor * [[September 26]] - [[Anne Robinson]], British television host * [[September 30]] - [[Jimmy Johnstone]], Scottish footballer * [[October 6]] - [[Mylon LeFevre]], American singer and evangelist * [[October 9]] **[[John Entwistle]], English musician ([[The Who]]) (d. [[2002]]) **[[Nona Hendryx]], singer ([[LaBelle]]) **[[Peter Tosh]], Jamaican singer and musician (d. [[1987]]) * October 12 - Ronnie Fischer (Baseball) * [[October 15]] **[[David Trimble]], Northern Irish politician, recipient of the [[Nobel Peace Prize]] **[[Şerif Gören]], Turkish film director * [[October 28]] **[[Dennis Franz]], American actor **[[Ian Marter]], British actor (d. [[1986]]) ===November-December=== <!-- Link all dates, even if repeated, for date-format preferences. --> *[[November 4]] - [[Linda Gary]], American voice-over artist (d. [[1995]]) *[[November 7]] - [[Joe Niekro]], baseball player (d. [[2006]]) *[[November 10]] - [[Silvestre Reyes]], American politician *[[November 11]] - [[Kemal Sunal]], a master of comedy in the Turkish history of cinema *[[November 12]] **[[Booker T. Jones]], American musician, singer, and songwriter ([[Booker T. and the M.G.'s]]) **[[Al Michaels]], American sportscaster *[[November 16]] - [[Oliver Braddick]], British Psychologist *[[November 17]] **[[Danny DeVito]], American actor **[[Rem Koolhaas]], Dutch architect **[[Lorne Michaels]], Canadian film producer **[[Tom Seaver]], baseball player *[[November 18]] - [[Wolfgang Joop]], German artist, fashion designer and art collector *[[November 21]] - [[Richard Durbin]], American politician *[[November 24]] - [[Ibrahim Gambari]], Nigerian scholar and diplomat *[[November 25]] - [[Ben Stein]], American law professor, actor, and author <!--DECEMBER--> * [[December 2]] - [[Ibrahim Rugova]], first [[President of Kosovo]] (d. [[2006]]) * [[December 6]] - [[Jonathan King]], British music producer * [[December 7]] - [[Daniel Chorzempa]], American organist * [[December 9]] - [[Ki Longfellow]], American novelist * [[December 12]] - [[Kenneth Cranham]], Scottish born actor * [[December 21]] **[[Zheng Xiaoyu]], Chinese bureaucrat (d. [[2007]]) **[[Michael Tilson Thomas]], American conductor **[[Bill Atkinson (footballer)|Bill Atkinson]], English footballer * [[December 22]] - [[Steve Carlton]], baseball player * [[December 23]] **[[Wesley Clark]], U.S. general and NATO Supreme Allied Commander **[[Ingar Knudtsen]], Norwegian writer * [[December 25]] - [[Jairzinho]], Brazilian football player * [[December 26]] - [[Eli Cohen]], Israeli Spy * [[December 28]] - [[Kary Mullis]], American chemist, [[Nobel Prize in Chemistry|Nobel Prize]] laureate ==Deaths== For more 1944 deaths see [[:Category:1944 deaths]] ===January - March=== <!-- Link all dates, even if repeated, for date-format preferences. --> * [[January 1]] - [[Charles Turner (cricketer)|Charles Turner]], Australian cricketer (b. [[1862]]) * [[January 5]] - [[Kaj Munk]] Danish playwright and martyr (b. [[1898]]) (executed) * [[January 6]] - [[Ida Tarbell]], American journalist (b. [[1857]]) * [[January 10]] - [[William Emerson Ritter]], American biologist (b. [[1856]]) * [[January 11]] - [[Edgard Potier]], Belgian spy (b. [[1903]]) * [[January 20]] - [[James McKeen Cattell]], American psychologist (b. [[1860]]) * [[January 23]] - [[Edvard Munch]], Norwegian painter (b. [[1863]]) * [[January 31]] **[[Jean Giraudoux]], French writer (b. [[1882]]) **[[William Allen White]], American journalist (b. [[1868]]) * [[February 1]] - [[Piet Mondriaan]], Dutch painter (b. [[1872]]) * [[February 4]] - [[Yvette Guilbert]], French singer and actress (b. [[1867]]) * [[February 11]] - [[Carl Meinhof]], German linguist (b. [[1857]]) * [[February 21]] - [[Ferenc Szisz]], Hungarian-born race car driver (b. [[1873]]) * [[March 4]] - [[Louis Buchalter]], Jewish American mobster, head of Murder, Inc. (b. [[1897]]) * [[March 5]] - [[Max Jacob]], French poet (b. [[1876]]) * [[March 22]] - [[Pierre Brossolette]], journalist and French Resistance fighter (b. [[1903]]) * [[March 24]] - [[Orde Wingate]], British soldier (b. [[1903]]) ===April - June=== <!-- Link all dates, even if repeated, for date-format preferences. --> * [[April 9]] - [[Evgeniya Rudneva]], Soviet World War II heroine (b. [[1920]]) * [[April 17]] - [[Jack Hearne (John Thomas Hearne)|J.T. Hearne]] English cricketer (b. [[1867]]) * [[April 25]] - [[George Herriman]], American cartoonist (b. [[1880]]) * [[April 28]] - [[Paul Poiret]], French couturier (b. [[1879]]) * [[April 29]] - [[Bernardino Machado]], [[President of Portugal]] (b. [[1851]]) * [[May 12]] - [[Max Brand]], American author (b. [[1892]]) * [[May 12]] - [[Arthur Quiller-Couch|Q]], British writer (b. [[1863]]) * [[May 16]] - [[George Ade]], American author (b. [[1866]]) *June - [[Joseph Campbell (poet)|Joseph Campbell]], Northern Irish poet and lyricist (b. [[1879]]) * [[June 27]] - [[Milan Hodža]], Slovak politician, champion of regional integration in Europe (b. [[1878]]) ===July - September=== <!-- Link all dates, even if repeated, for date-format preferences. --> *[[July 6]] **[[Andrée Borrel]], French World War II heroine (executed) (b. [[1919]]) **[[Vera Leigh]], English World War II heroine (executed) (b. [[1903]]) **[[Sonia Olschanezky]], German World War II heroine (executed) (b. [[1923]]) **[[Diana Rowden]], English World War II heroine (executed) (b. [[1915]]) *[[July 7]] - [[Georges Mandel]], French politician and World War II hero (executed) (b. [[1885]]) *[[July 26]] - [[Reza Pahlavi of Iran|Reza Pahlavi]], [[Shah of Iran]] (b. [[1877]]) *[[July 31]] - [[Antoine de Saint-Exupery]], French pilot and writer (b. [[1900]]) * [[August 1]] -[[Manuel L. Quezon]], Philippine president (b. [[1878]]) * [[August 4]] - [[Krzysztof Kamil Baczyński]], Polish poet, [[Warsaw Uprising]] * [[August 8]] - [[Chaim Soutine]], Russian painter (b. [[1893]]) * [[August 12]] - [[Suzanne Spaak]], Belgian World War II heroine (executed) * [[August 19]] - [[Henry Wood (conductor)|Henry Wood]], British conductor (b. [[1869]]) * [[August 23]] - [[Abdul Mejid II]], Caliph of the Ottoman Empire (b. [[1868]]) * [[August 26]] **[[Adam von Trott zu Solz]], German diplomat (executed) (b. [[1909]]) **[[Hans Leesment]], Estonian general (b. [[1873]]) * [[August 27]] - [[Princess Mafalda of Savoy]] (executed) (b. [[1902]]) <!--SEPTEMBER--> *[[September 6]] **[[Gustave Biéler]], Swiss World War II hero (executed) (b. [[1904]]) **[[Jan Franciszek Czartoryski]], Polish RC priest, executed during the [[Warsaw Uprising]] *[[September 9]] - [[Robert Benoist]], French race car driver and war hero (executed) (b. [[1895]]) *[[September 11]] **[[Yolande Beekman]], French World War II heroine (executed) (b. [[1911]]) **[[Madeleine Damerment]], French World War II heroine (executed) (b. [[1917]]) **[[Noor Inayat Khan]], Indian princess and World War II heroine (executed) (b. [[1914]]) *[[September 13]] - [[Heath Robinson]], British cartoonist and illustrator (b. [[1872]]) *[[September 14]] **[[John Kenneth Macalister]], Canadian World War II hero (executed) (b. [[1914]]) **[[Frank Pickersgill]], Canadian World War II hero (executed) (b. [[1915]]) **[[Roméo Sabourin]], Canadian World War II hero (executed) (b. [[1923]]) *[[September 16]] - [[Gustav Bauer]], [[Chancellor of Germany]] (b. [[1870]]) *[[September 25]] - [[Eugeniusz Lokajski]], Polish athlete, gymnast and photographer, [[Warsaw Uprising]] ===October - December=== *[[October 4]] - [[Al Smith]], American politician (b. [[1873]]) *[[October 8]] - [[Wendell Willkie]], American politician (b. [[1892]]) *[[October 14]] - [[Erwin Rommel]], German Field Marshal (b. [[1891]]) *[[October 21]] - [[Alois Kayser]], German missionary (b. [[1877]]) *[[October 23]] - [[Charles Glover Barkla]], English physicist, [[Nobel Prize in Physics|Nobel Prize]] laureate (b. [[1877]]) *[[October 24]] - [[Shoji Nishimura]], Japanese [[Vice admiral]] (b. [[1889]]) *[[October 26]] **[[HRH]] [[Princess Beatrice of the United Kingdom|The Princess Beatrice]], youngest and last living child of [[Victoria of the United Kingdom|Queen Victoria]] (b. [[1857]]) **[[William Temple (archbishop)|William Temple]], [[Archbishop of Canterbury]] (b. [[1881]]) *[[November 2]] - [[Thomas Midgley]], American chemist and inventor (b. [[1889]]) *[[November 5]] - [[Alexis Carrel]], French surgeon and biologist, recipient of the [[Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine]] (b. [[1873]]) *[[November 7]] - [[Hannah Szenes]], Hungarian World War II heroine (executed) (b. [[1921]]) *[[December 2]] - [[Josef Lhévinne]], Russian pianist (b. [[1874]]) *[[December 4]] - [[Roger Bresnahan]], baseball player (b. [[1879]]) *[[December 13]] - [[Wassily Kandinsky]], Russian-born artist (b. [[1866]]) *[[December 30]] - [[Romain Rolland]], French writer, [[Nobel Prize in Literature|Nobel Prize]] laureate (b. [[1866]]) *[[December 31]] - [[Vicente Lim]], Filipino general of the [[Armed Forces of the Philippines]] (b. [[1889]]) *''date unknown'' - [[Gerald Haxton]] secretary and lover of the famous novelist and playwright [[W. Somerset Maugham]] (b. [[1892]]) ==Nobel prizes== * [[Nobel Prize in Physics|Physics]] - [[Isidor Isaac Rabi]] * [[Nobel Prize in Chemistry|Chemistry]] - [[Otto Hahn]] * [[Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine|Medicine]] - [[Joseph Erlanger]], [[Herbert Spencer Gasser]] * [[Nobel Prize in Literature|Literature]] - [[Johannes Vilhelm Jensen]] * [[Nobel Peace Prize|Peace]] - International Committee of the [[Red Cross]]. ==Ship events== * [[List of ship launches in 1944|Ship launches]] * [[List of ship commissionings in 1944|Ship commissionings]] * [[List of ship decommissionings in 1944|Ship decommissionings]] * [[List of shipwrecks in 1944|Shipwrecks]] ==Notes== <references/> {{commonscat}} [[Category:1944| ]] [[af:1944]] [[am:1944 እ.ኤ.አ.]] [[ar:1944]] [[an:1944]] [[frp:1944]] [[ast:1944]] [[gn:1944]] [[av:1944]] [[az:1944]] [[bn:১৯৪৪]] [[zh-min-nan:1944 nî]] [[map-bms:1944]] [[be:1944]] [[be-x-old:1944]] [[bh:१९४४]] [[bs:1944]] [[br:1944]] [[bg:1944]] [[ca:1944]] [[cv:1944]] [[ceb:1944]] [[cs:1944]] [[co:1944]] [[cy:1944]] [[da:1944]] [[de:1944]] [[et:1944]] [[el:1944]] [[es:1944]] [[eo:1944]] [[eu:1944]] [[fa:۱۹۴۴ (میلادی)]] [[fo:1944]] [[hif:1944]] [[fr:1944]] [[fy:1944]] [[ga:1944]] [[gan:1944年]] [[gv:1944]] [[gd:1944]] [[gl:1944]] [[ko:1944년]] [[hy:1944]] [[hi:1944]] [[hr:1944.]] [[io:1944]] [[ilo:1944]] [[bpy:মারি ১৯৪৪]] [[id:1944]] [[ia:1944]] [[os:1944]] [[is:1944]] [[it:1944]] [[he:1944]] [[jv:1944]] [[pam:1944]] [[kn:೧೯೪೪]] [[ka:1944]] [[csb:1944]] [[kk:1944]] [[kw:1944]] [[sw:1944]] [[ht:1944 (almanak gregoryen)]] [[ku:1944]] [[la:1944]] [[lb:1944]] [[lt:1944 m.]] [[lij:1944]] [[li:1944]] [[lmo:1944]] [[hu:1944]] [[mk:1944]] [[mi:1944]] [[mr:इ.स. १९४४]] [[ms:1944]] [[nah:1944]] [[nl:1944]] [[new:ई सं १९४४]] [[ja:1944年]] [[nap:1944]] [[no:1944]] [[nn:1944]] [[nrm:1944]] [[nov:1944]] [[oc:1944]] [[uz:1944]] [[pi:१९४४]] [[nds:1944]] [[pl:1944]] [[pt:1944]] [[ty:1944]] [[ksh:Joohr 1944]] [[ro:1944]] [[ru:1944 год]] [[se:1944]] [[sq:1944]] [[scn:1944]] [[simple:1944]] [[sk:1944]] [[sl:1944]] [[so:1944]] [[sr:1944]] [[sh:1944]] [[su:1944]] [[fi:1944]] [[sv:1944]] [[tl:1944]] [[ta:1944]] [[tt:1944]] [[te:1944]] [[th:พ.ศ. 2487]] [[vi:1944]] [[tr:1944]] [[tk:1944]] [[uk:1944]] [[vec:1944]] [[wa:1944]] [[vls:1944]] [[yo:1944]] [[zh-yue:1944年]] [[cbk-zam:1944]] [[bat-smg:1944]] [[zh:1944年]]