1948 34612 225209232 2008-07-12T13:52:01Z Jons63 4782119 /* March */ removed death from events, death alsready listed below {{year nav|1948}} {{C20YearInTopicX}} Year '''1948''' ('''[[Roman numerals|MCMXLVIII]]''') was a [[leap year starting on Thursday]] (link will display the 1948 calendar) of the [[Gregorian calendar]]. {{C20YearTOCship}} == Events of 1948 == ===January=== <!-- Link dates even if repeated, for date-format preferences.--> {{Month3|1|3|1}} * [[January 1]] - [[Nationalisation]] of [[United Kingdom|UK]] [[railways]] to form [[British Rail]]ways. * [[January 1]] - Arab [[militants]] lay siege to the Jewish Quarter of the Old City of [[Jerusalem]]. * [[January 1]] - First day of the [[Constitution of Italy|Italian republican constitution]]. * [[January 1]] - First day of the [[New Jersey State Constitution]]. * [[January 4]] - [[Myanmar|Burma]] gains its independence from the [[United Kingdom]]. * [[January 5]] - [[Warner Brothers]] shows the first color [[newsreel]] ([[Tournament of Roses Parade]] and the [[Rose Bowl (game)|Rose Bowl]]). * [[January 17]] - [[Truce]] between nationalist [[Indonesia]]n and Dutch troops in [[Java (island)|Java]]. * [[January 22]] - British foreign secretary [[Ernest Bevin|Bevin]] proposes the formation of a Western Union between [[United Kingdom|Britain]], [[France]] and the [[Benelux]] countries to stand up against the [[Soviet Union]]. The [[Treaty of Brussels]] is signed [[March 17]] as a consequence, a predecessor to [[NATO]]. * [[January 26]] - [[Teigin poison case]]: a man masquerading as a doctor poisons 12 of 16 bank employees of the Tokyo branch of Imperial Bank and takes the money; artist [[Sadamichi Hirasawa]] is later sentenced to death for the crime, but is never executed. * [[January 30]] - [[India]]n pacifist and leader [[Mahatma Gandhi]] is murdered by [[Nathuram Godse]]. * [[January 30]] - [[1948 Winter Olympics]] open in [[St. Moritz]], [[Switzerland]]. {{-}}<!-- split, for future images above --> ===February=== {{Month3|0|6|1}} * [[February 1]] - [[Soviet Union]] begins to jam [[Voice of America]] broadcasts. * [[February 4]] - [[Ceylon]] (later renamed [[Sri Lanka]]) becomes independent within the [[Commonwealth of Nations|British Commonwealth]]. King [[George VI of the United Kingdom|George VI]] becomes King of Ceylon. * [[February 18]] - [[Eamon de Valera]], head of government since 1932, loses power to an opposition coalition. [[John A. Costello]] is appointed [[Taoiseach]] of [[Éire]] (formerly called the [[Irish Free State]]) by President [[Sean T. O'Kelly|O'Kelly]]. * [[February 25]] - The [[Communist]] Party seizes control of [[Czechoslovakia]]. This day was celebrated by the regime as the "[[Victorious February]]" ([[Czech language|Czech]]:"''Vítězný únor''"; [[Slovak language|Slovak]]:"''Víťazný Február''") until [[1989#November|November 1989]]. {{-}}<!-- split, for future images above --> ===March=== <!-- Link all dates, even if repeated, for date-format preferences. -->{{Month3|3|0|1}} * [[March 8]] - [[McCollum v. Board of Education]]: the [[United States Supreme Court]] rules that religious instruction in public schools violated the [[United States Constitution|U.S. Constitution]]. * [[March 16]] - Largest flood in the history of [[Brampton, Ontario|Brampton]], [[Ontario]]. <ref>{{citeweb|url=http://thebramptonguardian.com/brampton/news/article/44736|title=Brampton's largest flood left its watery mark|date=2008-03-10|accessdate=2008-03-10|published=The Brampton Guardian}}</ref> * [[March 17]] - [[Hells Angels]] founded in [[California]]. * [[March 20]] - First elections in [[Singapore]]. * [[March 20]] - Renowned [[Italian people|Italian]] conductor [[Arturo Toscanini]] makes his television debut, conducting the [[NBC Symphony Orchestra]] in an all-[[Wagner]] program. {{-}}<!-- split, for future images above --> ===April=== {{Month3|4|3|1}} * [[April 1]] - Scientists [[Ralph Alpher]] and [[George Gamow]] publish the [[Alpher-Bethe-Gamow paper]] about the big bang. * [[April 3]] - [[President of the United States|President]] [[Harry Truman]] signs the [[Marshall Plan]] which authorizes $5 billion in aid for 16 countries. * [[April 3]] - [[Ludwig van Beethoven]]'s [[Ninth Symphony]] is played on television in its entirety for the first time, in a concert featuring Arturo Toscanini conducting the NBC Symphony Orchestra. The chorus is conducted by [[Robert Shaw (conductor)|Robert Shaw]]. * [[April 7]] - The [[World Health Organization]] is established by the [[United Nations]]. * [[April 7]] - [[Buddhism|Buddhist]] monastery burns in [[Shanghai]] - 20 monks dead. * [[April 9]] - [[Jorge Eliécer Gaitán]]'s assassination provokes a violent riot in [[Bogotá]] (the ''[[Bogotazo]]''), and a further ten years of violence in all of [[Colombia]] (''[[La Violencia]]''). * [[April 9]] - The [[Deir Yassin massacre]] takes place in [[British Mandate of Palestine|Palestine]]. * [[April 24]] - End of the [[Costa Rican Civil War]] {{-}}<!-- split, for future images above --> ===May=== <!-- Link all dates, even if repeated, for date-format preferences. -->{{Month3|5|5|1}} * [[May 4]] - [[Laurence Olivier]]'s film version of ''[[Hamlet]]'' receives its world premiere in [[London]]. * [[May 11]] - [[Luigi Einaudi]] becomes [[List of Presidents of the Italian Republic|President of the Italian Republic]]. * [[May 14]] - [[Declaration of Independence (Israel)|Declaration of Independence of Israel]]. * [[May 14]] - The [[murder]] of a three-year-old girl in [[Blackburn]], [[England]] leads to the [[fingerprinting]] of more than 40,000 men in the city in an attempt to find the murderer. * [[May 15]] - [[1948 Arab-Israeli War]]: [[British Mandate of Palestine|Mandate of Palestine]] is officially terminated by Britain; [[Egypt]], [[Transjordan]], [[Lebanon]], [[Syria]], [[Iraq]] and [[Saudi Arabia]] enter [[Palestine]] and attack the nascent State of [[Israel]] . * [[May 16]] - [[Chaim Weizmann]] is elected as the first [[President of Israel]]. * [[May 18]] - The First [[Legislative Yuan]] of the [[Republic of China]] officially convenes in [[Nanking]]. * [[May 26]] - The [[Congress of the United States|U.S. Congress]] passes [[Public Law 557]] which permanently establishes the [[Civil Air Patrol]] as the auxiliary of the [[United States Air Force]]. * [[May 28]] - [[Daniel Francois Malan]] defeats [[Jan Smuts]] and becomes Prime Minister of South Africa, ushering in the heinous era of [[Apartheid]] which was finally dismantled by [[F W de Klerk]] 1994 * [[May 30]] - A dike along the [[Columbia River]] breaks, obliterating [[Vanport, Oregon]] within minutes: 15 people die and tens of thousands are left homeless. {{-}}<!-- split, for future images above --> ===June=== {{Month3|6|1|1}} * [[June 3]] - [[Palomar Observatory]] [[telescope]] finished in [[California]]. * [[June 16]] **Communist guerillas kill three rubber planters in [[Malay states|Malaya]]. **Three armed men hijack [[Cathay Pacific]] passenger plane ''Miss Macao'' and shoot the pilot; the plane crashes - one of 27 survives. * [[June 17]] - A [[Douglas DC-6]] carrying [[United Airlines Flight 624|United Air Lines Flight 624]] crashes near [[Mount Carmel, Pennsylvania]], killing all 43 people on board. * [[June 18]] **[[State of Emergency]] declared in [[Malaysia]] for communist insurgency - [[Malayan Emergency]] begins. **First democratic [[Italian general elections, 1948|general election]] with [[universal suffrage]] in [[Italy]]. * [[June 20]] - [[U.S.Congress]]: Commencement of Congressional Recess for the remainder of 1948 after an overtime session closed on this Saturday at 0700 D.C. time (to be shortly interrupted by Truman's recall from Congressional recess for July 20, 1948). * [[June 21]] - The [[Deutsche Mark]] becomes official currency of the future [[Federal Republic of Germany]]. * [[June 22]]- The ship [[Empire Windrush]] brings the first group of several hundred black immigrants to [[Tilbury]] near [[London]] from the [[Caribbean]] countries. This would be the start of [[multiculturalism]] in Britain. * [[June 24]] **[[Cold War]]: The [[Berlin Blockade]] begins. **The first [[World Health Assembly]] of [[World Health Organisation]] is held in Geneva. * [[June 25]] - The [[AIA Northern Chapter]] is established * [[June 26]] - [[William Shockley]] files the original patent for the [[grown junction transistor]], the first [[bipolar junction transistor]]. * [[June 28]] **[[Cominform]] Resolution marks the beginning of the [[Informbiro]] period in [[Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia|Yugoslavia]] and Soviet/Yugoslav split. **[[David Lean]]'s ''[[Oliver Twist (1948 film) |Oliver Twist]]'', based on [[Charles Dickens]]'s famous novel, premieres in the UK. It will be banned for 3 years in the [[U.S.]] because of alleged [[anti-Semitism]] in depicting master criminal [[Fagin]], played by [[Alec Guinness]]. **Earthquake hits [[Fukui, Fukui|Fukui]], [[Japan]] killing 3,895. {{-}}<!-- split, for future images above --> ===July=== {{Month3|7|3|1}} * [[July 5]] - [[British National Health Service]] Act enacted. * [[July 6]] - the world's first Air Car-ferry service was flown by a Bristol Freighter of Silver City Airways from Lympne to Le Touquet. * [[July 13]] - The [[Coptic Christianity|Coptic]] and [[Ethiopian Church]]es reach an agreement leading to the promotion of the Ethiopian church to the rank of an autocephalous [[Patriarch]]ate. Five [[bishop]]s are immediately consecrated by the [[Patriarch of Alexandria]], and the successor to [[Abuna Qerellos IV]] is granted the power to consecrate new bishops, who are empowered to elect a new Patriarch for their church. * [[July 15]] **Attempted assassination of [[Palmiro Togliatti]], general secretary of the [[Italian Communist Party]], incites number of strikes all over the country. **First [[London]] chapter of [[Alcoholics Anonymous]] * [[July 20]] - [[Cold War]]: President [[Harry S. Truman]] issues the second peacetime [[military draft]] in the [[United States]] amid increasing tensions with the [[Soviet Union]] (the first peacetime draft occurred in 1940 under President Roosevelt). * [[July 24]] - Great oil fire in the harbor of [[Naantali]], *[[Finland]] * July 24- [[Marvin the Martian]] makes his debut in the Bugs Bunny cartoon ''Haredevil Hare''. * [[July 26]] - U.S. President signs [[Executive Order 9981]], ending [[racial segregation]] in the [[United States Armed Forces]]. * [[July 28]] - Around 200 die in explosion at a chemical plant in [[Ludwigshafen]], [[Germany]]. * [[July 29]] - [[1948 Summer Olympics]] begin in [[London]], the first Summer Olympics since World War II. * [[July 31]] - At Idlewild Field in [[New York]], New York International Airport (later renamed [[John F. Kennedy International Airport]]) is dedicated. {{-}}<!-- split, for future images above --> ===August=== {{Month3|8|6|1}} * [[August 1]] - The [[U.S. Air Force Office of Special Investigations]] is founded. * [[August 5]] - [[Earl Shaffer]] becomes the first person to hike the [[Appalachian Trail| Appalachian National Scenic Trail]] from end to end without interruption. * [[August 10]] - [[August 23]] - [[Herrenchiemsee Convent]] prepares the draft for the [[Basic Law for the Federal Republic of Germany]]. * [[August 15]] - Establishment of the [[South Korea|Republic of Korea]]. * [[August 19]] - Soviet troops fire at German demonstrators that protest against the [[Berlin Blockade]].{{Fact|date=June 2007}} * [[August 23]] - [[World Council of Churches]] established. * [[August 25]] - [[House Un-American Activities Committee]] holds first-ever televised congressional hearing: "Confrontation Day" between [[Whittaker Chambers]] and [[Alger Hiss]]. {{-}}<!-- split, for future images above --> ===September=== {{Month3|9|2|1}} * [[September 4]] - Queen [[Wilhelmina of the Netherlands]] abdicates for health reasons. * [[September 5]] - [[Robert Schuman]] becomes Prime Minister of France. * [[September 6]] - [[Juliana of the Netherlands|Juliana]] becomes Queen of the [[Netherlands]]. * [[September 11]] - Death of Quaid-e-Azam [[Muhammad Ali Jinnah]], Founder and first [[Governor General]] of [[Pakistan]] (b. 1876). [[Pakistan]] is in a state of shock as it mourns the departure of the father of the nation. The day is a [[public holiday]] nation-wide. * [[September 12]] - Invasion of the [[State of Hyderabad]] by the Indian Army on the day after the Pakistani leader [[Jinnah]]'s death to assist damage control. [[Operation Polo]] led to the deaths of an estimated tens of thousands of Hyderabadi Muslims. * [[September 17]] - [[Stern Gang]] assassinates count [[Folke Bernadotte]]. * [[September 29]] - [[Laurence Olivier]]'s ''[[Hamlet (1948 film)|Hamlet]]'' opens in the [[United States]]. {{-}}<!-- split, for future images above --> ===October=== {{Month3|10|4|1}} * [[October 5]] - The [[1948 Ashgabat earthquake]] kills 100,000 * [[October 11]] - [[Cleveland Indians]] defeat the [[Atlanta Braves|Boston Braves]] to win the [[World Series]], four games to two. * [[October 16]] - The [[57th Street Art Fair]], the oldest juried art fair in the American midwest, is founded. * [[October 26]] - [[air pollution|Killer smog]] settles into [[Donora, Pennsylvania]]. {{-}}<!-- split, for future images above --> ===November=== <!-- Link all dates, even if repeated, for date-format preferences. --> {{Month3|11|0|1}} * [[November 2]] - [[United States presidential election, 1948]]: [[Harry S. Truman]] defeats [[Thomas E. Dewey]] and [[Strom Thurmond]] for the [[President of the United States|US presidency]]. * [[November 12]] - In [[Tokyo]], an international [[war crime]]s tribunal sentences seven [[Japan]]ese military and government officials to death, including General [[Hideki Tojo]], for their roles in [[World War II]]. * [[November 15]] - [[Louis Stephen St. Laurent]] becomes [[Canada]]'s twelfth [[Prime Minister of Canada|prime minister]]. * [[November 16]] - [[Operation Magic Carpet (Yemen)|Operation Magic Carpet]] to transport [[Jew]]s from [[Yemen]] to [[Israel]] begins. * [[November 17]] - [[Mohammad Reza Shah Pahlavi]] divorces his second wife, the former Princess [[Fawzia of Egypt]]. * [[November 20]] - [[Geoffrey B. Orbell]] rediscovers the [[Takahē]], last seen 50 years ago, near [[Lake Te Anau]], [[New Zealand]]. * [[November 24]] - In [[Venezuela]], president [[Rómulo Betancourt]] is ousted by a [[military coup]]. A [[military junta]] takes over the government. * [[November 27]] - The [[Calgary Stampeders]] defeat the [[Ottawa Rough Riders]] 12-7 before 20,013 fans at [[Toronto]]'s [[Varsity Stadium]] to capture their first [[Grey Cup]] and complete the only [[perfect season]] to date in [[Canadian Football]]. {{-}}<!-- split, for future images above --> ===December=== {{Month3|12|2|1}} * [[December 10]] - [[United Nations]] General Assembly adopts [[Universal Declaration of Human Rights]]. * [[December 26]] - Last [[Soviet]] troops withdraw from [[North Korea]]. * [[December 28]] - Member of [[Muslim Brotherhood]] assassinates [[Egypt]]ian Prime Minister [[Mahmoud an-Nukrashi Pasha|Mahmud Fahmi Nokrashi]]. * [[December 30]] - The play ''[[Kiss Me, Kate]]'' opens for the first of 1,077 performances. * [[December 31]] - [[1948 Arab-Israeli War]]: [[Israel]]i troops drive [[Egypt]]ians from [[Negev]]. ===Undated=== * [[Brandeis University]] is founded. * [[Casimir effect]] discovered by Dutch physicist [[Hendrik Casimir]]. * [[Fresh Kills Landfill|Fresh Kills]], world's largest [[landfill]], opens in [[Staten Island, New York]]. * Playwright [[Arthur Miller]] writes "[[Death of a Salesman]]." * The [[law firm]] of [[Skadden, Arps, Slate, Meagher & Flom]] is founded. * [[Miranda (moon)|Miranda]], the innermost [[natural satellite|moon]] of [[Uranus (planet)|Uranus]], is discovered by [[Gerard Kuiper]]. * Oakridge Transit Centre opened in [[Vancouver, British Columbia]]. * [[RAND Corporation]] is established as a nonprofit policy research and analysis institution. * The Slovak city Gúta was renamed to [[Kolárovo]]. * Tunnel of Vielha is opened in [[Val d'Aran]], Spanish [[Pyrenees]]. * The [[Caspian Tiger]] became extinct in [[Kazakhstan]] by this date. * The [[Rhode Island Highlanders Pipe Band]] was founded. ===Ongoing=== *[[First Indochina War]] ==Births== {{Year in other calendars|japanese=[[Shōwa]] 23}} ===January-February=== <!-- Link all dates, even if repeated, for date-format preferences. --> * [[January 2]] **[[Mary Archer]], British scientist **[[Deborah Watling]], British actress * [[January 5]] **[[Wally Foreman]], Australian media icon (d. [[2006]]) * [[January 7]] **[[Kenny Loggins]], American singer * [[January 10]] **[[Donald Fagen]], American keyboardist **[[Mischa Maisky]], Latvian cellist * [[January 12]] **[[Kenny Allen (footballer)|Kenny Allen]], English footballer<br /> * [[January 14]] **[[T-Bone Burnett]], American record producer and musician **[[Carl Weathers]], American football player and actor * [[January 15]] **[[Ronnie Van Zant]], American musician (d. [[1977]]) * [[January 16]] **[[John Carpenter]], American film director and composer **[[Cliff Thorburn]], Canadian snooker player * [[January 17]] - [[Davíð Oddsson]], [[Prime Minister of Iceland]] * [[January 19]] - [[Frank McKenna]], Premier of New Brunswick and Canadian Ambassador * [[January 27]] - [[Mikhail Baryshnikov]], Russian-born dancer * [[January 28]] - [[Charles G. Taylor|Charles Taylor]], Liberian president * [[January 29]] - [[Marc Singer]], Canadian actor * [[January 30]] - [[Paul Magee]], Provisional Irish Republican Army member * [[January 31]] - [[Muneo Suzuki]], Japanese politician * [[February 1]] **[[Elisabeth Sladen]], British actress **[[Rick James]], American musician (d. [[2004]]) * [[February 2]] - [[Ina Garten]], Cooking author * [[February 3]] - [[Carlos Felipe Ximenes Belo]], East Timorean Catholic bishop, recipient of the [[Nobel Peace Prize]] * [[February 4]] **[[Alice Cooper]] (born Vincent Damon Furnier), American hard rock singer and musician **[[Roedy Green]], Canadian programmer and LGBT activist * [[February 5]] **[[Sven-Göran Eriksson]], Swedish football manager **[[Christopher Guest]], American actor, writer, director, and composer * [[February 6]] - [[Jack Conway (musician)|Jack Conway]], musician, composer, arranger, guitarist * [[February 7]] - [[Tony Iommi]], English guitarist ([[Black Sabbath]]) * [[February 10]] - [[John Magnier]], Irish businessman and Thoroughbred racehorse breeder * [[February 12]] - [[Raymond Kurzweil]], American inventor and author * [[February 14]] **[[Penn and Teller|Teller]], American magician **[[Jackie Martling]], American comedian and radio personality * [[February 17]] - [[José José]], Mexican singer and actor * [[February 24]] **[[J. Jayalalithaa]], Indian politician **[[Walter Smith (footballer)|Walter Smith]], Scottish football manager * [[February 25]] - [[Danny Denzongpa]], Indian actor * [[February 28]] **[[Steven Chu]], American physicist, [[Nobel Prize in Physics|Nobel Prize]] laureate **[[Mike Figgis]], American director, writer, and composer **[[Bernadette Peters]], American actress and singer **[[Mercedes Ruehl]], American actress **[[Alfred Sant]], Leader of Malta Labour Party (1992-) and Prime Minister of Malta (1996-1998) ===March-April=== <!-- Link all dates, even if repeated, for date-format preferences. --> * [[March 2]] **[[R. T. Crowley]], pioneer of electronic commerce **[[Rory Gallagher]], Irish musician **[[Jeff Kennett]], Australian politician * [[March 4]] **[[Lindy Chamberlain]], Australian author **[[James Ellroy]], American writer **[[Tom Grieve]], American baseball player **[[Leron Lee]], American baseball player **[[Chris Squire]], British bassist **[[Shakin' Stevens]], Welsh singer * [[March 5]] - **[[Richard Hickox]], English classical conductor and musician **[[Elaine Paige]], English singer and actress * [[March 9]] - [[Jeffrey Osborne]], American singer * [[March 11]] - [[Dominique Sanda]], French actress * [[March 12]] - [[James Taylor]], American musician * [[March 14]] - [[Billy Crystal]], American actor and comedian * [[March 15]] - [[Sérgio Vieira de Mello]], Brazilian diplomat (d. [[2003]]) * [[March 17]] - [[William Gibson]], American writer * [[March 19]] - [[John Oldfield ]], Advertising & Management consultant UK * [[March 20]] **[[John de Lancie]], American actor **[[Bobby Orr]], Canadian hockey player * [[March 22]] **[[Wolf Blitzer]], American television journalist **[[Andrew Lloyd Webber]], English composer * [[March 26]] - [[Steven Tyler]], American singer ([[Aerosmith]]) * [[March 28]] - [[Dianne Wiest]], American actress * [[March 31]] **[[Al Gore]], former [[Vice President of the United States]] **[[Rhea Perlman]], American actress * [[April 1]] - [[Jimmy Cliff]], Jamaican musician * [[April 4]] ** [[Squire Parsons]], [[Southern Gospel]] singer/songwriter ** [[Derek Thompson]], Northern Irish actor * [[April 12]] - [[Jeremy Beadle]], TV presenter (d. [[2008]]) * [[April 13]] - [[Nam Hae-il]], 25th Chief of Naval Operations of the [[Republic of Korea Navy]] * [[April 15]] - [[Michael Kamen]], American composer (d. [[2003]]) * [[April 27]] - [[Kate Pierson]], American singer ([[The B-52's]]) **[[Amrit Kumar Bohara]], Nepalese politician * [[April 29]] - [[Michael Karoli]], German musician (d. [[2001]]) ===May-June=== * [[May 2]] - [[Vladimir Matorin]], Russian opera singer * [[May 4]] - [[Tanya Falan]], American singer from ''[[The Lawrence Welk Show]]'' * [[May 6]] - [[Richard Bryant]], African American pastor * [[May 8]] **[[Felicity Lott]], English soprano **[[Stephen Stohn]], Canadian television producer (''[[Degrassi]]'') * [[May 9]] - [[Calvin Murphy]], American basketball player and analyst * [[May 11]] - [[Shigeru Izumiya]], Japanese musician * [[May 12]] **[[Steve Winwood]], English singer **[[Bob Carolgees]], British comedy entertainer * [[May 14]] - [[Bob Woolmer]], British cricket coach (d. [[2007]]) * [[May 15]] - [[Brian Eno]], English musician and record producer **[[Yutaka Enatsu]], Japanese professional baseball pitcher * [[May 19]] - [[Grace Jones]], Jamaican singer and actress * [[May 21]] - [[Leo Sayer]], English musician * [[May 26]] - [[Stevie Nicks]], American singer and songwriter ([[Fleetwood Mac]]) * [[May 27]] - [[Wubbo de Boer]], Dutch civil servant * [[May 29]] - [[Michael Berkeley]], British composer * [[May 31]] - [[John Bonham]], British drummer ([[Led Zeppelin]]) (d. [[1980]]) * [[June 2]] - [[Jerry Mathers]], American actor * [[June 4]] - [[Bob Champion]], English jump jockey * [[June 13]] - [[Garnet Bailey]], Canadian hockey player and scout (d. [[2001]]) * [[June 15]] - [[Paul Michiels]], Belgian singer-songwriter * [[June 17]] - [[Dave Concepción]], Venezuelan baseball player * [[June 19]] **[[Lea Laven]], Finnish singer **[[Phylicia Rashad]], American actress **[[Nick Drake]], English musician (d. [[1974]]) * [[June 20]] - [[Ludwig Scotty]], [[President of Nauru]] * [[June 21]] **[[Lionel Rose]], Australian boxer **[[Andrzej Sapkowski]], Polish writer **[[Don Airey]], English musician ([[Deep Purple]]) * [[June 22]] - [[Todd Rundgren]], American singer and record producer * [[June 28]] - [[Kathy Bates]], American actress * [[June 29]] - [[Ian Paice]], English drummer ([[Deep Purple]], [[Whitesnake]]) * [[June 30]] - [[Vladimir Yakunin]], Russian official, head of state-run [[Russian Railways]] company ===July-August=== * [[July 3]] - [[Tarmo Koivisto]], Finnish comics artist * [[July 6]] - [[Wadih Saadeh]], Lebanese-Australian poet and journalist * [[July 8]] - [[Raffi (musician)|Raffi]], Egyptian-born children's entertainer * [[July 12]] - [[Richard Simmons]], American television personality and fitness expert * [[July 15]] - [[Richard Franklin (director)|Richard Franklin]], Australian film director (d. [[2007]]) * [[July 16]] - [[Pinchas Zukerman]], Israeli violinist * [[July 18]] - [[Hartmut Michel]], German chemist, [[Nobel Prize in Chemistry|Nobel Prize]] laureate * [[July 20]] - [[Muse Watson]], American actor * [[July 21]] **[[Ed Hinton]], American sportswriter **[[Cat Stevens]], English musician **[[Garry Trudeau]], American cartoonist **[[Mikhail Nikolayevich Zadornov| Mikhail Zadornov]], Russian stand-up comedian and writer * [[July 22]] **[[Neil Hardwick]], British-born Finnish director and writer **[[Susan Eloise Hinton]], American author **[[Don Henley]], American musician * [[July 23]] - [[John Cushnahan]], Northern Irish politician * [[July 25]] - [[Steve Goodman]], a [[Grammy Award]]-winning [[folk music]] singer and songwriter from [[Chicago]], [[United States]]. (d. [[1984]]) * [[July 27]] - [[Peggy Fleming]], American figure skater * [[July 28]] - [[Sally Struthers]], American actress * [[July 30]] - [[Jean Reno]], French actor * [[July 31]] - [[Jonathan Dollimore]], famous author and professor * [[August 2]] **[[Dennis Prager]], American radio talk show host and author **[[Bob Rae]], Canadian politician * [[August 3]] - [[Jean-Pierre Raffarin]], [[Prime Minister of France]] * [[August 13]] - [[Kathleen Battle]], American soprano * [[August 15]] ** [[Uschi Digard]], American erotic actress and figure model ** [[George Ryton]], British engineer * [[August 18]] - [[Joseph Marcell]], actor * [[August 20]] - [[Robert Plant]], English singer ([[Led Zeppelin]]) * [[August 24]] - [[Kim Sung-Il]], Chief of Staff of the [[Republic of Korea Air Force]] * [[August 30]] - [[Lewis Black]], American comedian ===September-October=== * [[September 1]] - [[James Rebhorn]], American actor * [[September 2]] **[[Terry Bradshaw]], American football player **[[Nate Archibald]], American basketball player * [[September 4]] - [[Samuel Hui]], Hong Kong singer * [[September 5]] - [[Benita Ferrero-Waldner]], Austrian diplomat and politician * [[September 10]] **[[Judy Geeson]] ,British actress **[[Bob Lanier (basketball player)|Bob Lanier]], American basketball player **[[Margaret Trudeau]], ex-wife of former Prime Minister of Canada * [[September 13]] - [[Nell Carter]], American singer and actress (d. [[2003]]) * [[September 17]] - [[John Ritter]], American actor (d. [[2003]]) * [[September 19]] - [[Nadezhda Tkachenko]], former [[Soviet]] pentathlete * [[September 20]] - [[George R.R. Martin]], American [[speculative fiction]] author * [[September 22]] - [[Denis Burke (Australian politician)|Denis Burke]], Australian politician * [[September 24]] **[[Heinz Chur]], German composer **[[Phil Hartman]], Canadian comedian (d. [[1998]]) * [[September 25]] - [[Vladimir Yevtushenkov]], a [[Russians|Russian]] [[Business oligarch|oligarch]] * [[September 26]] - [[Olivia Newton-John]], Australian singer and actress * [[September 27]] - [[Michele Dotrice]], English actress * [[September 29]] **[[Bryant Gumbel]], American television broadcaster **[[Theo Jörgensmann]], German jazz clarinetist * [[October 1]] - [[Peter Blake (yachtsman)|Sir Peter Blake]], New Zealand yachtsman (d. [[2001]]) * [[October 2]] **[[Avery Brooks]], American television actor **[[Chris LeDoux]], American singer and rodeo star (d. [[2005]]) * [[October 6]] - [[Gerry Adams]], Northern Irish politician * [[October 7]] - [[Diane Ackerman]], American poet and essayist * [[October 8]] - [[Johnny Ramone]], American guitarist ([[The Ramones]]) (d. [[2004]]) * [[October 9]] - [[Jackson Browne]], American musician * [[October 13]] **[[Nusrat Fateh Ali Khan]], Pakistani musician (d. [[1997]]) **[[Ted Poe]], American politician **[[John Ford Coley]], American musician * [[October 14]] - [[Engin Arık]], [[Turkey|Turkish]] [[nuclear physicist]] (d. [[2007]]) * [[October 16]] - [[Leo Mazzone]], American baseball coach * [[October 17]] - [[George Wendt]], American television actor * [[October 17]] - [[Robert Jordan]], American novelist (d. [[2007]]) * [[October 18]] - [[Hans Köchler]], Austrian philosopher ===November-December=== * [[November 3]] - [[Lulu (singer)]], Scottish singer * [[November 5]] - [[William Daniel Phillips]], American physicist, [[Nobel Prize in Physics|Nobel Prize]] laureate * [[November 10]] - [[Vincent Schiavelli]], American actor (d. [[2005]]) * [[November 14]] - Prince Charles of Edinburgh, now [[Prince of Wales]] * [[November 15]] - [[James Kemsley]], Australian cartoonist and actor (d. [[2007]]) * [[November 16]] - [[Mutt Lange]], Rhodesian-born record producer * [[November 17]] - [[Howard Dean]], American politician * [[November 20]] **[[John R. Bolton]], Former U.S. Ambassador to the UN **[[Barbara Hendricks]], American-born soprano * [[December 2]] - [[T. Coraghessan Boyle]], American writer * [[December 3]] **[[Rick Cua]], American singer and evangelist **[[Ozzy Osbourne]], [[England|English]] singer * [[December 6]] **[[Keke Rosberg]], Finnish Formula One Champion **[[JoBeth Williams]], American actress * [[December 7]] **[[Gary Morris]], singer and actor **[[Mads Vinding]], Danish bassist * [[December 10]] - [[Abu Abbas]], founder of the Palestine Liberation Front (d. [[2004]]) * [[December 13]] - [[David O'List]], British rock guitarist * [[December 14]] - [[Lester Bangs]], American music journalist (d. [[1982]]) * [[December 18]] - [[Bill Nelson (musician)|Bill Nelson]], (born William Nelson), British guitarist, songwriter, painter and experimental musician * [[December 19]] - [[Ken Brown (ice hockey)|Ken Brown]], Canadian ice hockey player * [[December 21]] **[[Samuel L. Jackson]], American actor **[[Willi Resetarits]], Austrian musician and cabaret artist * [[December 22]] **[[Lynne Thigpen]], American actress (d. [[2003]]) **[[Noel Edmonds]], British TV presenter * [[December 27]] - [[Gérard Depardieu]], French actor * [[December 28]] - [[Dick Siegel]], American songwriter *''date unknown'' **[[Ciarán Carson]], Northern Irish poet and novelist **[[Maurizio Gucci]], Italian businessman and murder victim (d. [[1995]]) **[[Johnny Nicholas]], American [[blues music]]ian **[[Edward Rutherfurd]], British novelist **[[Kenny Troutt]], billionaire businessman ==Deaths== ===January - March=== * [[January 5]] - [[Mary Dimmick Harrison]], wife of President [[Benjamin Harrison]] (b. [[1858]]) * [[January 21]] - [[Ermanno Wolf-Ferrari]], Italian composer (b. [[1876]]) * [[January 30]] **[[Mahatma Gandhi]], Indian independence movement leader (assassinated) (b. [[1869]]) **[[Orville Wright]], American co-inventor of the airplane (b. [[1871]]) * [[February 1]] - [[Jatindramohan Bagchi]], Indian (Bengali) poet (b. [[1878]]) * [[February 2]] - [[Bevil Rudd]], South African athlete (b. [[1894]]) * [[February 11]] - [[Sergy Eisenstein]], Russian film director (b. [[1898]]) * [[February 23]] - [[John Robert Gregg]], Irish-born inventor of shorthand (b. [[1866]]) * [[March 4]] - [[Antonin Artaud]], playwright, actor and director (b. [[1896]]) * [[March 6]] - [[Ross Lockridge, Jr.]], American novelist (suicide) (b. [[1914]]) * [[March 10]] - [[Jan Masaryk]], Foreign Minister of Czechoslovakia (b. [[1886]]) * [[March 24]] - [[Nikolai Berdyaev]], Russian religious and political philosopher (b.[[1874]]) * [[March 31]] - [[Egon Erwin Kisch]], Austrian journalist and author (b. [[1885]]) ===April - June=== * [[April 9]] **[[George Carpenter]], 5th General of [[The Salvation Army]] (b. [[1872]]) **[[Jorge Eliécer Gaitán]], Colombian politician (b. [[1903]]) * [[April 15]] - [[Manuel Roxas]], [[President of the Philippines]] (b. [[1892]]) * [[April 17]] - [[Suzuki Kantaro]], [[Prime Minister of Japan]] (b. [[1867]]) * [[May 15]] - Father [[Edward J. Flanagan]], Irish-born priest and founder of Boys Town (b. [[1886]]) * [[May 28]] - [[Unity Mitford]], British friend of Hitler (b. [[1914]]) * [[June 25]] - [[William C. Lee]], American general (b. [[1895]]) * [[June 26]] - [[Lilian Velez]], Filipino actress (murder) (b. [[1924]]) ===July - September=== * [[July 2]] - [[Baba Sawan Singh]], Known as "The Great Master," was an Indian Saint (b. [[July 27]] [[1858]]) * [[July 5]] - [[Georges Bernanos]], French writer (b. [[1888]]) * [[July 15]] - [[John J. Pershing]], American general (b. [[1860]]) * [[July 18]] - [[May Moss]], Australian women's rights activist (b. [[April 27]] [[1869]]) * [[July 21]] - [[Arshile Gorky]], Armenian-born painter (b. [[1904]]) * [[July 23]] - [[David Wark Griffith]], American film director (b. [[1875]]) * [[July 31]] - [[Lucy Page Mercer Rutherfurd]], [[Franklin Roosevelt]]'s lover (b. [[1891]]) * [[August 10]] - [[Kwan-Ichi Asakawa]], Japanese historian (b. [[1873]]) * [[August 10]] - [[Andrew Brown (soccer)|Andrew Brown]], Scottish soccer coach (b. [[1870]]) * [[August 12]] - [[Harry Brearley]], English inventor of stainless steel (b. [[1871]]) * [[August 16]] - [[Babe Ruth]], baseball player (b. [[1895]]) * [[August 27]] - [[Charles Evans Hughes]], [[Chief Justice of the United States]] (b. [[1862]]) * [[September 2]] - [[Sylvanus Morley|Sylvanus G. Morley]], American scholar and World War I spy (b. [[1883]]) * [[September 5]] - [[Richard C. Tolman]], American mathematical physicist (b. [[1881]]) * [[September 11]] - Quaid-e-Azam [[Muhammad Ali Jinnah]], Founder and first Governor General of [[Pakistan]] (b. [[1876]]) * [[September 30]] - [[Edith Roosevelt]], [[First Lady of the United States]] (b. [[1861]]) ===October - December=== <!-- Link all dates, even if repeated, for date-format preferences. --> * [[October 1]] - [[Phraya Manopakorn Nititada]] (b. [[1884]]) * [[October 12]]- [[Susan Sutherland Isaacs]], educational psychologist and psychoanalyst (b.[[1885]]). * [[October 24]] - [[Franz Lehár]], Hungarian composer (b. [[1870]]) * [[November 28]] - [[D.D. Sheehan]], Irish politician (b. [[1873]]) * [[December 23]] - Japanese war leaders (hanged): ** [[Kenji Doihara]], spy (b. [[1883]]) ** [[Koki Hirota]], [[Prime Minister of Japan]] (b. [[1878]]) ** [[Iwane Matsui]], general (b. [[1878]]) ** [[Itagaki Seishiro]], military officer (b. [[1885]]) ** [[Hideki Tojo]], general (b. [[1884]]) * [[December 31]] - [[Malcolm Campbell|Sir Malcolm Campbell]], English land and water racer (b. [[1885]]) ==Nobel prizes== * [[Nobel Prize in Physics|Physics]] - [[Patrick Maynard Stuart Blackett]] * [[Nobel Prize in Chemistry|Chemistry]] - [[Arne Wilhelm Kaurin Tiselius]] * [[Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine|Medicine]] - [[Paul Hermann Muller|Paul Hermann Müller]] * [[Nobel Prize in Literature|Literature]] - [[T. S. Eliot]] * [[Nobel Peace Prize|Peace]] - not awarded ==Notes== {{Reflist}} {{commonscat}} [[Category:1948| ]] [[af:1948]] [[als:1940er#1948]] [[am:1948 እ.ኤ.አ.]] [[ar:1948]] [[an:1948]] [[frp:1948]] [[ast:1948]] [[gn:1948]] [[av:1948]] [[az:1948]] [[bn:১৯৪৮]] [[zh-min-nan:1948 nî]] [[map-bms:1948]] [[be:1948]] [[be-x-old:1948]] [[bh:१९४८]] [[bs:1948]] [[br:1948]] [[bg:1948]] [[ca:1948]] [[cv:1948]] [[cs:1948]] [[co:1948]] [[cy:1948]] [[da:1948]] [[pdc:1948]] [[de:1948]] [[et:1948]] [[el:1948]] [[es:1948]] [[eo:1948]] [[eu:1948]] [[fa:۱۹۴۸ (میلادی)]] [[fo:1948]] [[hif:1948]] [[fr:1948]] [[fy:1948]] [[fur:1948]] [[ga:1948]] [[gan:1948年]] [[gv:1948]] [[gd:1948]] [[gl:1948]] [[zh-classical:一九四八年]] [[ko:1948년]] [[hy:1948]] [[hi:1948]] [[hr:1948.]] [[io:1948]] [[ilo:1948]] [[bpy:মারি ১৯৪৮]] [[id:1948]] [[ia:1948]] [[ie:1948]] [[os:1948]] [[is:1948]] [[it:1948]] [[he:1948]] [[jv:1948]] [[pam:1948]] [[kn:೧೯೪೮]] [[ka:1948]] [[csb:1948]] [[kk:1948]] [[kw:1948]] [[sw:1948]] [[ht:1948 (almanak gregoryen)]] [[ku:1948]] [[la:1948]] [[lb:1948]] [[lt:1948 m.]] [[lij:1948]] [[ln:1948]] [[lmo:1948]] [[hu:1948]] [[mk:1948]] [[mi:1948]] [[mr:इ.स. १९४८]] [[ms:1948]] [[my:1948]] [[nah:1948]] [[nl:1948]] [[new:ई सं १९४८]] [[ja:1948年]] [[nap:1948]] [[no:1948]] [[nn:1948]] [[nrm:1948]] [[nov:1948]] [[oc:1948]] [[uz:1948]] [[pi:१९४८]] [[nds:1948]] [[pl:1948]] [[pt:1948]] [[ty:1948]] [[ksh:Joohr 1948]] [[ro:1948]] [[ru:1948 год]] [[se:1948]] [[sco:1948]] [[sq:1948]] [[scn:1948]] [[simple:1948]] [[sk:1948]] [[sl:1948]] [[so:1948]] [[sr:1948]] [[sh:1948]] [[su:1948]] [[fi:1948]] [[sv:1948]] [[tl:1948]] [[ta:1948]] [[tt:1948]] [[te:1948]] [[tet:1948]] [[th:พ.ศ. 2491]] [[vi:1948]] [[tr:1948]] [[tk:1948]] [[uk:1948]] [[ur:1948ء]] [[vec:1948]] [[wa:1948]] [[vls:1948]] [[yo:1948]] [[zh-yue:1948年]] [[cbk-zam:1948]] [[bat-smg:1948]] [[zh:1948年]]