1952 Summer Olympics 84318 225775405 2008-07-15T10:09:15Z Junafani 2665372 {{Link FA|fi}} {{Olympics infobox|1952|Summer | Name = Games of the XV Olympiad | Logo = Olympic logo 1952.png | Size = 140px | Host city = [[Helsinki]], [[Finland]] | Nations participating = 69 | Athletes participating = 4,955<br>(4,436 men, 519 women)| Events = 149 in 17 [[sport]]s | Opening ceremony = [[July 19]], [[1952]] | Closing ceremony = [[August 3]], [[1952]] | Officially opened by = [[Juho Kusti Paasikivi]] | Athlete's Oath = [[Heikki Savolainen (athlete)|Heikki Savolainen]] | Judge's Oath = | Olympic Torch = [[Paavo Nurmi]] and<br>[[Hannes Kolehmainen]] | Stadium = [[Helsinki Olympic Stadium|Olympiastadion]] | }} The '''1952 Summer Olympics''', officially known as the '''Games of the XV Olympiad''', were an [[international]] multi-[[sport]] event which was celebrated in [[1952]] in [[Helsinki]], [[Finland]]. Helsinki had been elected as the host city over rival bids from [[Amsterdam]] and five [[United States|American]] cities: [[Chicago]], [[Detroit]], [[Los Angeles]], [[Minneapolis]] and [[Philadelphia]] at the 40th [[IOC Session]] on [[June 21]], [[1947]], in [[Stockholm]], [[Sweden]]. Helsinki had been earlier given the [[1940 Summer Olympics]] but they were cancelled due to [[World War II]]. The voting results, in a chart below, comes from [http://www.aldaver.com/votes.html the International Olympic Committee Vote History] web page. {| class="wikitable" border="1" cellpadding="3" style="border-collapse: collapse;" |- ! colspan="7" | 1952 Summer Olympics Bidding Results |- | '''City''' | '''NOC Name''' | bgcolor="" |'''Round 1''' | bgcolor="" |'''Round 2''' |- ||[[Helsinki]]||{{FIN}} ||'''14'''||'''15''' |- ||[[Los Angeles, California]]||{{flag|United States|1912}} ||4||5 |- ||[[Minneapolis-Saint Paul]], [[Minnesota]]||{{flag|United States|1912}} ||4||5 |- ||[[Amsterdam]]||{{NED}} ||3||3 |- ||[[Detroit, Michigan]]||{{flag|United States|1912}} ||2||- |- ||[[Chicago]], [[Illinois]]||{{flag|United States|1912}} ||1||- |- ||[[Philadelphia]], [[Pennsylvania]]||{{flag|United States|1912}} ||-||- |} == Highlights == [[Image:Paavo Nurmi sytyttää olympiatulen 1952.jpg|thumb|left|Paavo Nurmi and the Olympic Flame]] * To the enjoyment of the Finnish crowd, the [[Olympic Flame]] was lit by two Finnish heroes, [[running|runners]] [[Paavo Nurmi]] and [[Hannes Kolehmainen]]. * For the first time, a team from the [[USSR]] participated in the Olympics. The first gold medal for the USSR was won by [[Nina Romashkova]] in the women's [[Discus throw|Discus Throwing]] event, and the Soviet women's gymnastics team won the first of its eight consecutive gold medals. * [[Israel]] made its Olympic debut. The Jewish state could not participate in the 1948 Games because of the War of Independence. Previous Mandate-era teams did not participate in the Olympics because of the Second World War and a boycott of the 1936 Games in protest of the Nazi regime. * [[Hungary]], a country with a mere 10 million inhabitants, won an astonishing 42 medals at these games, coming in third place behind the [[USA]] and the [[USSR]] with one of the most outstanding exhibitions ever. * [[Hungary national football team|Hungary]]'s ''[[Golden Team]]'' won the [[Football at the 1952 Summer Olympics|football]] tournament in style, beating [[Yugoslavia national football team|Yugoslavia]] 2-0 in the final. * [[Germany]] and [[Japan]] were invited again after being barred in [[1948]]. After occupation and partition, three German states had been erected. Only West German athletes took part, from the [[Federal Republic of Germany]] and the [[Saar (protectorate)|Saarland]] which joined the FRG after 1955, the East [[German Democratic Republic]] being absent. Despite ranking 5th by total medals with 24, Germans failed to score Gold for the first and only time. * Rules in [[equestrianism]] now allowed non-military officers to compete, including [[women]]. [[Lis Hartel]] of [[Denmark]] became the first woman in the sport to win a medal. * [[Emil Zátopek]] of [[Czechoslovakia]] won three gold medals in the [[10,000m|5,000m]], [[10,000m]] and the [[Marathon]] (which he never run before). * [[Bob Mathias]] of the [[USA]] became the first Olympian to successfully defend his [[decathlon]] title with a total score of 7,887 points. * [[Josy Barthel]] of the tiny country of [[Luxembourg]] pulled a major surprise by winning the 1500 m. == Sports == [[Image:1952.jpg|thumb|A [[Romania]]n poster promoting the 1952 Olympics|120px]] {| | * [[Athletics at the 1952 Summer Olympics|Athletics]] * [[Basketball at the 1952 Summer Olympics|Basketball]] * [[Boxing at the 1952 Summer Olympics|Boxing]] * [[Canoeing at the 1952 Summer Olympics|Canoeing]] * [[Cycling at the 1952 Summer Olympics|Cycling]] * [[Diving at the 1952 Summer Olympics|Diving]] * [[Equestrian at the 1952 Summer Olympics|Equestrian]] * [[Fencing at the 1952 Summer Olympics|Fencing]] * [[Field hockey at the 1952 Summer Olympics|Field hockey]] * [[Football at the 1952 Summer Olympics|Football]] |width=20| |valign=top| * [[Gymnastics at the 1952 Summer Olympics|Gymnastics]] * [[Modern pentathlon at the 1952 Summer Olympics|Modern pentathlon]] * [[Rowing at the 1952 Summer Olympics|Rowing]] * [[Sailing at the 1952 Summer Olympics|Sailing]] * [[Shooting at the 1952 Summer Olympics|Shooting]] * [[Swimming at the 1952 Summer Olympics|Swimming]] * [[Water polo at the 1952 Summer Olympics|Water polo]] * [[Weightlifting at the 1952 Summer Olympics|Weightlifting]] * [[Wrestling at the 1952 Summer Olympics|Wrestling]] |} ===Demonstration sports=== * [[Field handball at the 1952 Summer Olympics|Field handball]] * [[Baseball at the 1952 Summer Olympics|Finnish baseball]] ==Participating nations== [[Image:1952 Olympic games countries.PNG|thumb|240px|Participating nations. Pictured in blue are nations participating for the first time.]] A total of 69 nations participated in these Games, up from 59 in the [[1948 Summer Olympics|1948 Games]]. Twelve nations made their first Olympic appearance in 1952: [[The Bahamas]], [[Gold Coast (British colony)|Gold Coast]] (now [[Ghana]]), [[Guatemala]], [[Hong Kong]], [[Indonesia]], [[Israel]], [[Netherlands Antilles]], [[Nigeria]], [[Soviet Union]] (USSR), [[Thailand]], and [[Vietnam]]. Due to the [[division of Germany]], German athletes from [[Saar (protectorate)|Saar]] entered a separate team for the first and only time. {| |valign=top| * {{flagIOC|ARG|1952 Summer}} * {{flagIOC|AUS|1952 Summer}} * {{flagIOC|AUT|1952 Summer}} * {{flagIOC|BAH|1952 Summer}} * {{flagIOC|BEL|1952 Summer}} * {{flagIOC|BER|1952 Summer}} * {{flagIOC|BRA|1952 Summer}} * {{flagIOC|GUY|1952 Summer|name=British Guiana}} * {{flagIOC|BUL|1952 Summer}} * {{flagIOC|BIR|1952 Summer}} * {{flagIOC|CAN|1952 Summer}} * {{flagIOC|CEY|1952 Summer}} * {{flagIOC|CHI|1952 Summer}} * {{flagIOC|ROC|1952 Summer}} * {{flagIOC|CUB|1952 Summer}} * {{flagIOC|TCH|1952 Summer}} * {{flagIOC|DEN|1952 Summer}} * {{flagIOC|EGY|1952 Summer}} * {{flagIOC|FIN|1952 Summer}} * {{flagIOC|FRA|1952 Summer}} * {{flagIOC|GER|1952 Summer}} * {{flagIOC|GHA|1952 Summer}} * {{flagIOC|GBR|1952 Summer}} |width=20| |valign=top| * {{flagIOC|GRE|1952 Summer}} * {{flagIOC|GUA|1952 Summer}} * {{flagIOC|HKG|1952 Summer}} * {{flagIOC|HUN|1952 Summer}} * {{flagIOC|ISL|1952 Summer}} * {{flagIOC|IND|1952 Summer}} * {{flagIOC|INA|1952 Summer}} * {{flagIOC|IRI|1952 Summer}} * {{flagIOC|IRL|1952 Summer}} * {{flagIOC|ISR|1952 Summer}} * {{flagIOC|ITA|1952 Summer}} * {{flagIOC|JAM|1952 Summer}} * {{flagIOC|JPN|1952 Summer}} * {{flagIOC|KOR|1952 Summer}} * {{flagIOC|LIB|1952 Summer}} * {{flagIOC|LIE|1952 Summer}} * {{flagIOC|LUX|1952 Summer}} * {{flagIOC|MEX|1952 Summer}} * {{flagIOC|MON|1952 Summer}} * {{flagIOC|NED|1952 Summer}} * {{flagIOC|AHO|1952 Summer}} * {{flagIOC|NZL|1952 Summer}} * {{flagIOC|NGR|1952 Summer}} |width=20| |valign=top| * {{flagIOC|NOR|1952 Summer}} * {{flagIOC|PAK|1952 Summer}} * {{flagIOC|PAN|1952 Summer}} * {{flagIOC|PHI|1952 Summer}} * {{flagIOC|POL|1952 Summer}} * {{flagIOC|POR|1952 Summer}} * {{flagIOC|PUR|1952 Summer}} * {{flagIOC|ROU|1952 Summer}} * {{flagIOC|SAA|1952 Summer}} * {{flagIOC|SIN|1952 Summer}} * {{flagIOC|RSA|1952 Summer}} * {{flagIOC|URS|1952 Summer}} * {{flagIOC|ESP|1952 Summer}} * {{flagIOC|SWE|1952 Summer}} * {{flagIOC|SUI|1952 Summer}} * {{flagIOC|THA|1952 Summer}} * {{flagIOC|TRI|1952 Summer}} * {{flagIOC|TUR|1952 Summer}} * {{flagIOC|USA|1952 Summer}} * {{flagIOC|URU|1952 Summer}} * {{flagIOC|VEN|1952 Summer}} * {{flagIOC|VIE|1952 Summer}} * {{flagIOC|YUG|1952 Summer}} |} == Medal count == {{Main|1952 Summer Olympics medal count}} These are the top ten nations that won medals at these Games. {| {{RankedMedalTable}} |- |1||align=left| {{flagIOC|USA|1952 Summer}} ||40||19||17||76 |- |2||align=left| {{flagIOC|URS|1952 Summer}} ||22||30||19||71 |- |3||align=left| {{flagIOC|HUN|1952 Summer}} ||16||10||16||42 |- |4||align=left| {{flagIOC|SWE|1952 Summer}} ||12||13||10||35 |- |5||align=left| {{flagIOC|ITA|1952 Summer}} ||8||9||4||21 |- |6||align=left| {{flagIOC|TCH|1952 Summer}} ||7||3||3||13 |- |7||align=left| {{flagIOC|FRA|1952 Summer}} ||6||6||6||18 |-style="background:#ccccff" |8||align=left| {{flagIOC|FIN|1952 Summer}} (host nation) ||6||3||13||22 |- |9||align=left| {{flagIOC|AUS|1952 Summer}} ||6||2||3||11 |- |10||align=left| {{flagIOC|NOR|1952 Summer}} ||3||2||0||5 |} ==See also== *[[International Olympic Committee]] *[[IOC country codes]] *[[Modern Olympic coins]] ==External links== {{commonscat}} * [http://www.olympic.org/uk/games/past/index_uk.asp?OLGT=1&OLGY=1952 IOC Site on 1952 Summer Olympics] * Helsinki 1952 Official Olympic Report [http://www.la84foundation.org/6oic/OfficialReports/1952/OR1952.pdf la84foundation.org] * Helsinki 1952 Official Olympic Report [http://olympic-museum.de/o-reports/report1952.htm olympic-museum.de] {{Olympic Games}} [[Category:1952 Summer Olympics|1952 Summer Olymics]] [[Category:Sports festivals hosted in Finland]] {{Link FA|fi}} [[ar:ألعاب أولمبية صيفية 1952]] [[bs:XV Olimpijske igre - Helsinki 1952.]] [[bg:Летни олимпийски игри 1952]] [[cs:Letní olympijské hry 1952]] [[da:Sommer-OL 1952]] [[de:Olympische Sommerspiele 1952]] [[et:1952. aasta suveolümpiamängud]] [[es:Juegos Olímpicos de Helsinki 1952]] [[eo:Somera Olimpiko 1952]] [[fa:بازی‌های المپیک تابستانی ۱۹۵۲]] [[fr:Jeux Olympiques d'été de 1952]] [[gl:Xogos Olímpicos de 1952]] [[ko:1952년 하계 올림픽]] [[hr:XV. Olimpijske igre - Helsinki 1952.]] [[id:Olimpiade Helsinki 1952]] [[it:Giochi della XV Olimpiade]] [[he:אולימפיאדת הלסינקי (1952)]] [[la:1952 Olympia Aestiva]] [[hu:1952. évi nyári olimpiai játékok]] [[mk:Летни олимписки игри - 1952]] [[nah:Helsinqui 1952]] [[nl:Olympische Zomerspelen 1952]] [[ja:ヘルシンキオリンピック]] [[no:Sommer-OL 1952]] [[nn:Sommar-OL 1952]] [[pl:Letnie Igrzyska Olimpijskie 1952]] [[pt:Jogos Olímpicos de Verão de 1952]] [[ro:Jocurile Olimpice de vară din 1952]] [[ru:Летние Олимпийские игры 1952]] [[simple:1952 Summer Olympics]] [[sl:Poletne olimpijske igre 1952]] [[sr:Летње олимпијске игре 1952.]] [[sh:Olimpijada 1952]] [[fi:Kesäolympialaiset 1952]] [[sv:Olympiska sommarspelen 1952]] [[th:โอลิมปิกฤดูร้อน 1952]] [[tr:1952 Yaz Olimpiyatları]] [[zh:1952年夏季奥林匹克运动会]]