1964 Summer Olympics
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{{Olympics infobox|1964|Summer |
Name = Games of the XVIII Olympiad |
Logo = Tokyo1964logo.gif|
Size = 150 |
Optional caption = |
Host city = [[Tokyo]], [[Japan]] |
Nations participating = 93 |
Athletes participating = 5,151<br>(4,473 men, 678 women)|
Events = 163 in 19 [[sport]]s |
Opening ceremony = [[October 10]], [[1964]] |
Closing ceremony = [[October 24]], [[1964]] |
Officially opened by = [[Hirohito|HIM Emperor Showa]] |
Athlete's Oath = [[Takashi Ono]] |
Judge's Oath = |
Olympic Torch = [[Yoshinori Sakai]] |
Stadium = [[Olympic Stadium, Tokyo|National Olympic Stadium]] |
}}
The '''1964 Summer Olympics''', officially known as the '''Games of the XVIII Olympiad''', were an [[international]] multi-[[sport]] event which was celebrated in 1964 in [[Tokyo]], [[Japan]]. Tokyo, which won the rights to the Games on [[May 26]], [[1959]], at the 55th [[IOC Session]] in [[Munich]], [[West Germany]], over the bids from [[Detroit]], [[Brussels]] and [[Vienna]], had been awarded with the organisation of the [[1940 Summer Olympics]], but this honor had been passed to [[Helsinki]] because of Japan's invasion of [[China]]. The 1940 Olympics were eventually canceled because of the outbreak of [[World War II]]. The 1964 Summer games marked the first time the Olympics were held by a non-Western nation. This was the first Olympics in which [[South Africa]] was barred from taking part due to its refusal to racially desegregate its sports. [http://www.gamesbids.com/english/archives/past.shtml].
The games were telecast to the [[United States]] using [[Syncom]] 3, the first [[geostationary orbit|geostationary]] communication satellite. It was the first television program to cross the [[Pacific ocean]].
Here were the voting results, compliments of [http://www.aldaver.com/votes.html the International Olympic Committee Vote History] web page.
{| class="wikitable" border="1" cellpadding="3" style="border-collapse: collapse;"
|-
! colspan="7" | 1964 Summer Olympics Bidding Results
|-
| '''City'''
| '''NOC Name'''
| bgcolor="" |'''Round 1'''
|-
||[[Tokyo]]||{{JPN}}
||'''34'''
|-
||[[Detroit, Michigan]]||{{USA}}
||10
|-
||[[Vienna]]||{{AUT}}
||9
|-
||[[Brussels]]||{{BEL}}
||5
|}
== Highlights ==
[[Image:Tokyo1964cauldron.JPG|thumb|200px|left|Yoshinori Sakai lights the Olympic cauldron]]
* [[Yūji Koseki]] composed the theme song of the opening ceremony.
* [[Yoshinori Sakai]], who lit the [[Olympic Flame]], was born in [[Hiroshima]] on [[August 6]], [[1945]], the day the [[atomic bomb]] was dropped.
* [[Judo]] and [[volleyball]], both popular sports in [[Japan]], were introduced to the Olympics. Japan won three of the titles in judo, but [[Netherlands|Dutchman]] [[Anton Geesink]] won the Open category. The [[Japan women's national volleyball team|Japanese women's volleyball team]] won the gold medal, with the final being broadcast live.
*Reigning world champion [[Osamu Watanabe]] capped off his career with a gold medal for Japan in freestyle wrestling, surrendering no points and retiring from competition as the only undefeated Olympic champion to date at 189-0.
* [[USSR at the Summer Olympics|Soviet]] gymnast [[Larissa Latynina]] won two gold medals (both for the third time in a row in Team Competition and [[Gymnastics floor|Floor Exercise]] events), a silver medal and two bronze medals. She ended her Olympic career and holds the record for most [[Olympic Games|Olympic]] medals at 18 (9 gold, 5 silver, 4 bronze) since then.
* [[Australia]]n swimmer [[Dawn Fraser]] won the 100 m freestyle event for the third time in a row, a feat matched by [[Vyacheslav Nikolayevich Ivanov|Vyacheslav Ivanov]] in [[Sport rowing|rowing]]'s single scull event.
* [[Don Schollander]] ([[United States|USA]]) won four gold medals in swimming.
* [[Abebe Bikila]] became the first person to win the Olympic [[marathon (sport)|marathon]] twice.
* [[New Zealand]]'s [[Peter Snell]] won a gold medal in both the 800 m and 1500 m.
* The [[women's pentathlon]] was introduced.
* American [[Billy Mills]], a little-known distance runner, shocked everyone when he won the gold in the men's 10,000 m. No American had won it before and no American has won it since.
* [[Bob Hayes]] won the 100 m title in a time of 10.0 seconds, equaling the world record. He had run the distance in 9.9 seconds in the semifinal but this was not recognized as a world record as it was wind assisted.
* [[Joe Frazier]], future [[heavyweight champion]] of the world, won a gold medal for the USA in heavyweight boxing.
* Unfortunately for Japan, several big international events also took attention during the Olympics, including the sudden removal of [[Nikita Khrushchev]] and the [[596 (nuclear test)|first nuclear test]] in China.
== Sports ==
{|
|
* [[Athletics at the 1964 Summer Olympics|Athletics]]
* [[Basketball at the 1964 Summer Olympics|Basketball]]
* [[Boxing at the 1964 Summer Olympics|Boxing]]
* [[Canoeing at the 1964 Summer Olympics|Canoeing]]
* [[Cycling at the 1964 Summer Olympics|Cycling]]
* [[Diving at the 1964 Summer Olympics|Diving]]
* [[Equestrian at the 1964 Summer Olympics|Equestrian]]
* [[Fencing at the 1964 Summer Olympics|Fencing]]
* [[Football at the 1964 Summer Olympics|Football]]
* [[Gymnastics at the 1964 Summer Olympics|Gymnastics]]
* [[Hockey at the 1964 Summer Olympics|Hockey]]
|width=20|
|valign=top|
* [[Judo at the 1964 Summer Olympics|Judo]]
* [[Modern pentathlon at the 1964 Summer Olympics|Modern pentathlon]]
* [[Rowing at the 1964 Summer Olympics|Rowing]]
* [[Sailing at the 1964 Summer Olympics|Sailing]]
* [[Shooting at the 1964 Summer Olympics|Shooting]]
* [[Swimming at the 1964 Summer Olympics|Swimming]]
* [[Volleyball at the 1964 Summer Olympics|Volleyball]]
* [[Water polo at the 1964 Summer Olympics|Water polo]]
* [[Weightlifting at the 1964 Summer Olympics|Weightlifting]]
* [[Wrestling at the 1964 Summer Olympics|Wrestling]]
|}
===Demonstration sports===
* [[Baseball at the 1964 Summer Olympics|Baseball]]
* [[Budō]]
==Medal count==
{{Main|1964 Summer Olympics medal count}}
These are the top ten nations that won medals at these Games:
{| {{RankedMedalTable}}
|-
|1||align=left|{{flagIOC|USA|1964 Summer}}||36||26||28||90
|-
|2||align=left|{{flagIOC|URS|1964 Summer}}||30||31||35||96
|- bgcolor=ccccff
|3||align=left|{{flagIOC|JPN|1964 Summer}} (host nation)||16||5||8||29
|-
|4||align=left|{{flagIOC|EUA|1964 Summer}}||10||22||18||50
|-
|5||align=left|{{flagIOC|ITA|1964 Summer}}||10||10||7||27
|-
|6||align=left|{{flagIOC|HUN|1964 Summer}}||10||7||5||22
|-
|7||align=left|{{flagIOC|POL|1964 Summer}}||7||6||10||23
|-
|8||align=left|{{flagIOC|AUS|1964 Summer}}||6||2||10||18
|-
|9||align=left|{{flagIOC|TCH|1964 Summer}}||5||6||3||14
|-
|10||align=left|{{flagIOC|GBR|1964 Summer}}||4||12||2||18
|}
==Participating nations==
[[Image:1964 Olympic games countries.PNG|thumb|240px|participants]]
A total of 94 nations were represented at the 1964 Games. Sixteen nations made their first Olympic appearance in Tokyo: [[Algeria]], [[Cameroon]], [[Chad]], [[Republic of the Congo|Congo]], [[Côte d'Ivoire]] (as ''Ivory Coast''), [[Dominican Republic]], [[Libya]], [[Madagascar]], [[Malaysia]], [[Mali]], [[Mongolia]], [[Nepal]], [[Niger]], [[Northern Rhodesia]] (now [[Zambia]]), [[Senegal]], and [[Tanzania]] (as ''Tanganyika''). Athletes from Libya withdrew from competition after the Opening Ceremony, so a total of 93 nations actually competed. Athletes from [[German Democratic Republic|East Germany]] and [[West Germany]] competed together as the [[United Team of Germany]] from 1956-1964.
{|
|valign=top|
* {{flagIOC|AFG|1964 Summer}}
* {{flagIOC|ALG|1964 Summer}}
* {{flagIOC|ARG|1964 Summer}}
* {{flagIOC|AUS|1964 Summer}}
* {{flagIOC|AUT|1964 Summer}}
* {{flagIOC|BAH|1964 Summer}}
* {{flagIOC|BEL|1964 Summer}}
* {{flagIOC|BER|1964 Summer}}
* {{flagIOC|BOL|1964 Summer}}
* {{flagIOC|BRA|1964 Summer}}
* {{flagIOC|GUY|1964 Summer|name=British Guiana}}
* {{flagIOC|BUL|1964 Summer}}
* {{flagIOC|BIR|1964 Summer}}
* {{flagIOC|CAM|1964 Summer}}
* {{flagIOC|CMR|1964 Summer}}
* {{flagIOC|CAN|1964 Summer}}
* {{flagIOC|CEY|1964 Summer}}
* {{flagIOC|CHA|1964 Summer}}
* {{flagIOC|CHI|1964 Summer}}
* {{flagIOC|COL|1964 Summer}}
* {{flagIOC|CGO|1964 Summer}}
* {{flagIOC|CRC|1964 Summer}}
* {{flagIOC|CIV|1964 Summer}}
* {{flagIOC|CUB|1964 Summer}}
|width=20|
|valign=top|
* {{flagIOC|TCH|1964 Summer}}
* {{flagIOC|DEN|1964 Summer}}
* {{flagIOC|DOM|1964 Summer}}
* {{flagIOC|ETH|1964 Summer}}
* {{flagIOC|FIN|1964 Summer}}
* {{flagIOC|FRA|1964 Summer}}
* {{flagIOC|EUA|1964 Summer}}
* {{flagIOC|GHA|1964 Summer}}
* {{flagIOC|GBR|1964 Summer}}
* {{flagIOC|GRE|1964 Summer}}
* {{flagIOC|HKG|1964 Summer}}
* {{flagIOC|HUN|1964 Summer}}
* {{flagIOC|ISL|1964 Summer}}
* {{flagIOC|IND|1964 Summer}}
* {{flagIOC|IRI|1964 Summer}}
* {{flagIOC|IRQ|1964 Summer}}
* {{flagIOC|IRL|1964 Summer}}
* {{flagIOC|ISR|1964 Summer}}
* {{flagIOC|ITA|1964 Summer}}
* {{flagIOC|JAM|1964 Summer}}
* {{flagIOC|JPN|1964 Summer}}
* {{flagIOC|KEN|1964 Summer}}
* {{flagIOC|KOR|1964 Summer}}
* {{flagIOC|LIB|1964 Summer}}
|width=20|
|valign=top|
* {{flagIOC|LBR|1964 Summer}}
* {{flagIOC|LBA|1964 Summer}}
* {{flagIOC|LIE|1964 Summer}}
* {{flagIOC|LUX|1964 Summer}}
* {{flagIOC|MAD|1964 Summer}}
* {{flagIOC|MAS|1964 Summer}}
* {{flagIOC|MLI|1964 Summer}}
* {{flagIOC|MEX|1964 Summer}}
* {{flagIOC|MON|1964 Summer}}
* {{flagIOC|MGL|1964 Summer}}
* {{flagIOC|MAR|1964 Summer}}
* {{flagIOC|NEP|1964 Summer}}
* {{flagIOC|NED|1964 Summer}}
* {{flagIOC|AHO|1964 Summer}}
* {{flagIOC|NZL|1964 Summer}}
* {{flagIOC|NIG|1964 Summer}}
* {{flagIOC|NGR|1964 Summer}}
* {{flagIOC|NOR|1964 Summer}}
* {{flagIOC|PAK|1964 Summer}}
* {{flagIOC|PAN|1964 Summer}}
* {{flagIOC|PER|1964 Summer}}
* {{flagIOC|PHI|1964 Summer}}
* {{flagIOC|POL|1964 Summer}}
* {{flagIOC|POR|1964 Summer}}
|width=20|
|valign=top|
* {{flagIOC|PUR|1964 Summer}}
* {{flagIOC|RHO|1964 Summer}}
* {{flagIOC|NRH|1964 Summer}}
* {{flagIOC|ROU|1964 Summer}}
* {{flagIOC|SEN|1964 Summer}}
* {{flagIOC|URS|1964 Summer}}
* {{flagIOC|ESP|1964 Summer}}
* {{flagIOC|SWE|1964 Summer}}
* {{flagIOC|SUI|1964 Summer}}
* {{flagIOC|ROC|1964 Summer|name=Taiwan}}
* {{flagIOC|TAN|1964 Summer|name=Tanganyika}}
* {{flagIOC|THA|1964 Summer}}
* {{flagIOC|TRI|1964 Summer}}
* {{flagIOC|TUN|1964 Summer}}
* {{flagIOC|TUR|1964 Summer}}
* {{flagIOC|UGA|1964 Summer}}
* {{flagIOC|EGY|1964 Summer|name=United Arab Republic}}
* {{flagIOC|USA|1964 Summer}}
* {{flagIOC|URU|1964 Summer}}
* {{flagIOC|VEN|1964 Summer}}
* {{flagIOC|VIE|1964 Summer}}
* {{flagIOC|YUG|1964 Summer}}
|}
== Venues ==
[[Image:Nipponbudoukan01.jpg|thumb|200px|Budokan]]
[[Image:Yoyogi Gymnasium.jpg|thumb|200px|Yoyogi Gymnasium, designed by Kenzo Tange.]]
*'''[[Olympic Stadium (Tokyo)|Olympic Stadium]]''', now known as "National Stadium," was the venue for the opening and closing ceremonies, and for track and field events.
*'''[[Nippon Budokan]]''', or Japan Martial Arts Hall, was built to house the [[judo]] events, and is now one of Tokyo's best-known concert venues.
*'''[[Yoyogi National Gymnasium]]''', adjacent to (and originally part of) the [[Meiji Shrine]], houses swimming and gymnastics venues designed by architect [[Kenzo Tange]]. The Olympic Village, a redeveloped [[United States Army]] barracks originally called "Washington Heights," is located on the north side of Yoyogi Park.
*'''Komazawa Olympic Park''' in [[Setagaya, Tokyo|Setagaya]] hosted cycling events.
*'''[[Enoshima]]''' and '''[[Lake Sagami]]''' hosted yachting, canoeing, and rowing events.
*'''[[Karuizawa, Nagano|Karuizawa]]''', in [[Nagano Prefecture]] west of Tokyo, hosted equestrian events.
==See also==
* [[1964 Summer Paralympics]]
* [[International Olympic Committee]]
* [[IOC country codes]]
* ''[[Tokyo Olympiad]]'', a documentary film about the games
==External links==
{{commonscat}}
* [http://www.olympic.org/uk/games/past/index_uk.asp?OLGT=1&OLGY=1964 IOC Site on 1964 Summer Olympics]
* [http://www.aafla.org/5va/reports_frmst.htm Official Report from the Organizing Committee (2 volumes)] on the AAFLA website
{{Olympic_Games}}
[[Category:1964 Summer Olympics]]
[[Category:Sport in Japan]]
[[ar:ألعاب أولمبية صيفية 1964]]
[[bs:XVIII Olimpijske igre - Tokio 1964.]]
[[bg:Летни олимпийски игри 1964]]
[[cs:Letní olympijské hry 1964]]
[[da:Sommer-OL 1964]]
[[de:Olympische Sommerspiele 1964]]
[[et:1964. aasta suveolümpiamängud]]
[[es:Juegos Olímpicos de Tokio 1964]]
[[eo:Somera Olimpiko 1964]]
[[fa:بازیهای المپیک تابستانی ۱۹۶۴]]
[[fr:Jeux Olympiques d'été de 1964]]
[[gl:Xogos Olímpicos de 1964]]
[[ko:1964년 하계 올림픽]]
[[hr:XVIII. Olimpijske igre - Tokio 1964.]]
[[id:Olimpiade Tokyo 1964]]
[[it:Giochi della XVIII Olimpiade]]
[[he:אולימפיאדת טוקיו (1964)]]
[[la:1964 Olympia Aestiva]]
[[hu:1964. évi nyári olimpiai játékok]]
[[mk:Летни олимписки игри - 1964]]
[[nah:Tōquiō 1964]]
[[nl:Olympische Zomerspelen 1964]]
[[ja:東京オリンピック]]
[[no:Sommer-OL 1964]]
[[nn:Sommar-OL 1964]]
[[pl:Letnie Igrzyska Olimpijskie 1964]]
[[pt:Jogos Olímpicos de Verão de 1964]]
[[ro:Jocurile Olimpice de vară din 1964]]
[[ru:Летние Олимпийские игры 1964]]
[[simple:1964 Summer Olympics]]
[[sl:Poletne olimpijske igre 1964]]
[[sr:Летње олимпијске игре 1964.]]
[[sh:Olimpijada 1964]]
[[fi:Kesäolympialaiset 1964]]
[[sv:Olympiska sommarspelen 1964]]
[[th:โอลิมปิกฤดูร้อน 1964]]
[[tr:1964 Yaz Olimpiyatları]]
[[zh:1964年夏季奥林匹克运动会]]