1993
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226173330
2008-07-17T04:06:52Z
Weeliljimmy
4072667
Reverted edits by [[Special:Contributions/74.129.136.28|74.129.136.28]] to last version by Jons63 (using [[WP:HG|Huggle]])
{{year nav|1993}}
{{C20YearInTopicX}}
Year '''1993''' ('''[[Roman numerals|MCMXCIII]]''') was a [[common year starting on Friday]] (link will display full 1993 [[Gregorian calendar]]).
{{C20YearTOCship|1993|Templeton Prize}}
==Events of 1993==
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===January===
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* [[January 1]] – [[Dissolution of Czechoslovakia]]: [[Slovakia]] and the [[Czech Republic]] separate in the so-called [[Velvet Divorce]].
* [[January 1]] – The [[European Community]] eliminates trade barriers and creates a European [[single market]].
* [[January 1]] – [[EuroNews]] is launched in Europe.
* [[January 1]] – [[ITV]] companies [[GMTV]], [[Carlton Television]], [[Meridian Broadcasting]] and [[Westcountry Television]] start broadcasting, replacing [[TV-am]], [[Thames Television]], [[Television South|TVS]] and [[Television South West|TSW]] respectively.
* [[January 3]] – In [[Moscow]], [[George H. W. Bush]] and [[Boris Yeltsin]] sign the [[START II| second Strategic Arms Reduction Treaty]].
* [[January 5]] – The state of [[Washington]] executes [[Westley Allan Dodd]] by [[hanging]] (the first [[legal]] hanging in America since [[1965]]).
[[Image:Bill Clinton.jpg|thumb|100px|[[Bill Clinton]] inaugurated as [[President of the United States]].]]
*[[January 5]] – $7.4 million USD stolen from [[Brinks]] Armored Car Depot in [[Rochester, New York|Rochester]], [[New York]]. Fifth largest robbery in US history. Four men, Samuel Millar, Father Patrick Moloney, former Rochester Police officer Thomas O'Connor, and Charles McCormick, all of whom had ties to the [[Irish Republican Army]], were accused.
* [[January 5]] – [[MV Braer|M/V ''Braer'']], a [[Liberia]]n oil tanker, runs aground off the Scottish island of [[Mainland, Shetland|Mainland]], and begins spilling oil.
* [[January 6]] – [[Douglas Hurd]] is the first high-ranking British official to visit [[Argentina]] since the [[Falklands War]].
* [[January 7]] – The [[Fourth Republic]] of [[Ghana]] is inaugurated, with [[Jerry Rawlings]] as president.
* [[January 11]] – The ''Braer'' breaks up, causing a spill twice the size of that caused by the ''[[Exxon Valdez]]''.
* [[January 14]] – The [[Poland|Polish]] [[ferry]] [[MS Jan Heweliusz|M/S ''Jan Heweliusz'']] sinks off the coast of [[Rügen]] in the [[Baltic Sea]], killing 54 people.
* [[January 15]] – [[Salvatore Riina]], the [[Mafia]] boss known as 'The Beast', is arrested in [[Palermo]], [[Sicily]] after 23 years as a fugitive.
* [[January 19]] – [[International Business Machines|IBM]] announces a $4.97 billion loss for [[1992]], the largest single-year corporate loss in [[United States]] history.
* [[January 19]] – [[Iraq disarmament crisis]]: [[Iraq]] refuses to allow UNSCOM inspectors to use its own aircraft to fly into Iraq, and begins military operations in the demilitarized zone between Iraq and [[Kuwait]], and the northern [[Iraqi no-fly zones]]. U.S. forces fire approximately 40 Tomahawk cruise missiles at [[Baghdad]] factories linked to Iraq's illegal nuclear weapons program. Iraq then informs UNSCOM that it will be able to resume its flights.
* [[January 20]] – [[Bill Clinton]] succeeds [[George H.W. Bush]] as the 42nd [[President of the United States|President of the U.S.]]
* [[January 24]] – In [[Turkey]], thousands protest the murder of journalist [[Uğur Mumcu]].
* [[January 25]] – [[Mir Aimal Kasi]] fires a rifle and kills two employees outside [[CIA]] headquarters in [[Langley, Virginia]].
* [[January 25]] – [[Social Democrats (Denmark)|Social democrat]] [[Poul Nyrup Rasmussen]] succeeds [[Conservative People's Party (Denmark)|conervative]] [[Poul Schlüter]] as [[Prime Minister of Denmark]].
* [[January 26]] – [[Václav Havel]] is elected President of the Czech Republic.
* [[January 31]] – The [[Buffalo Bills]] become the first team to lose 3 consecutive [[Super Bowl]]s as they are defeated by the [[Dallas Cowboys]], 52-17, in [[Super Bowl XXVII]].
===February===
[[Image:WTC 1993 ATF Commons.jpg|thumb|180px|The aftermath of the [[World Trade Center bombing]].]]
* [[February 4]] – Members of the right-wing [[Austria]]n [[FPÖ]] split to form the [[Liberal Forum]] in protest against the increasing nationalistic bent of the party.
* [[February 5]] – [[Belgium]] becomes a [[federal state]] rather than a [[monarchy|kingdom]].
* [[February 8]] – [[General Motors Corporation]] sues [[NBC]], after ''[[Dateline NBC]]'' allegedly rigged two crashes showing that some GM pickups can easily catch fire if hit in certain places. NBC settles the lawsuit the following day.
* [[February 10]] – [[Lien Chan]] is named by [[Lee Teng-Hui]] to succeed [[Hao Pei-tsun]] as [[Premier of the Republic of China]].
* [[February 10]] – [[Mani Pulite]] scandal: [[Claudio Martelli]] resigns, followed by various politicians over the next 2 weeks.
* [[February 11]] – [[Janet Reno]] is selected by President Clinton as [[Attorney General of the United States]].
* [[February 14]] – [[Glafkos Klerides]] defeats incumbent [[George Vasiliou]] in Cypriot presidential election.
* [[February 14]] – [[Albert Zafy]] defeats [[Didier Ratsiraka]] in Malagasy presidential election.
* [[February 17]] – A ferry sinks in [[Haiti]], killing approximately 1,215 out of 1,500 passengers.
* [[February 22]] – Two 11-year-old boys are charged with the [[murder of James Bulger]],whose body was found on [[February 14]].
* [[February 22]] – UN Security Council Resolution 808 is voted on, deciding that "an international tribunal shall be established" to prosecute violations of international law in [[Yugoslavia]]. The tribunal will be established on [[May 25]] by Resolution 827.
* [[February 24]] – [[Prime Minister of Canada]] [[Brian Mulroney]] resigns amidst political and economic turmoil. [[Kim Campbell]], his successor, becomes Canada's first female Prime Minister.
* [[February 26]] – [[World Trade Center bombing]]: In [[New York City]], a van bomb parked below the North Tower of the [[World Trade Center]] explodes, killing 6 and injuring over 1,000.
* [[February 28]] – [[Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco and Firearms]] agents raid the [[Branch Davidian]] compound in [[Waco, Texas]], with a warrant to arrest leader [[David Koresh]] on federal firearms violations. Four agents and five Davidians die in the raid and a 51-day standoff begins.
===March===
* [[March 4]] – Authorities announce the capture of suspected World Trade Center bombing conspirator [[Mohammad Salameh]].
* [[March 5]] – A [[Republic of Macedonia|Macedonian]] [[Palair]] Flight 301, a [[Fokker F100|F-100]] on a flight to [[Zurich]], crashes shortly after take-off from [[Skopje]] killing 83 of the 97 on board.
* [[March 9]] – [[Rodney King]] testifies at the federal trial of four [[Los Angeles, California]] police officers accused of violating his [[civil rights]] when they beat him during an arrest.
* [[March 11]] – [[Janet Reno]] is confirmed by the [[United States Senate]] and sworn-in the next day, becoming the first female Attorney General of the United States.
* [[March 12]] – [[1993 Bombay bombings]]: Several bombs explode in [[Bombay]], [[India]], killing about 300 and injuring hundreds more.
* [[March 12]] – [[North Korea nuclear weapons program]]: [[North Korea]] announces that it plans to withdraw from the [[Nuclear Nonproliferation Treaty]] and refuses to allow inspectors access to nuclear sites.
* [[March 13]]-14 – The [[Great Blizzard of 1993]] strikes the eastern U.S., bringing record snowfall and other severe weather all the way from [[Cuba]] to [[Québec]]; it is reported to have killed 184.
* [[March 13]] – [[Australian federal election, 1993]]: The Australian Labor Party stays in power despite poor economic results.
* [[March 17]] – The [[PKK]] announces a unilateral [[ceasefire]].
* [[March 20]] – [[Warrington bomb attacks]]: An [[Provisional Irish Republican Army|IRA]] bomb explodes in [[Warrington]] Town Centre and kills two children, Jonathan Ball and Tim Parry.
* [[March 22]] – The [[Intel]] Corporation ships the first [[Pentium]] chips
* [[March 24]] – The Israeli [[Knesset]] elects [[Ezer Weizman]] as [[President of Israel]].
* [[March 24]] – [[South Africa]] officially abandons its nuclear weapons programme. President de Klerk announces that the country's six warheads had already been dismantled in 1990.
* [[March 27]] – [[Jiang Zemin]] becomes [[President of the People's Republic of China]].
* [[March 27]] – Following a rash of [[integrist]] murders, [[Algeria]] breaks diplomatic relations with [[Iran]], accusing the country of interfering in its interior affairs.
* [[March 27]] – [[Mahamane Ousmane]] is elected president of Nigeria.
* [[March 28]] – [[French legislative election, 1993]]: [[Gaullist]]s win a majority and [[Édouard Balladur]] becomes [[Prime Minister of France|Prime Minister]].
* [[March 29]] – The [[65th Academy Awards]], hosted by [[Billy Crystal]], are held at the [[Dorothy Chandler Pavilion]] in [[Los Angeles, California]], with ''[[Unforgiven]]'' winning [[Academy Award for Best Picture|Best Picture]].
===April===
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* April – The Kuwaiti government claims to uncover an Iraqi assassination plot against former U.S. President [[George H.W. Bush]] shortly after his visit to Kuwait. Two Iraqi nationals confess to driving a car-bomb into Kuwait on behalf of the [[Iraqi Intelligence Service]].<ref>waybackdate|site=http://www.newyorker.com/archive/content/?020930fr_archive02|date=20021014165340</ref>
* [[April 1]] – The [[Holy See|Vatican]] orders the moving of the [[Carmelite]] [[convent]] at [[Auschwitz]].
* [[April 6]] – A [[nuclear accident]] occurs at [[Tomsk 7]] in [[Russia]].
* [[April 8]] – The [[Republic of Macedonia]] is admitted to the [[United Nations]].
* [[April 10]] – [[African National Congress]] activist [[Chris Hani]] is assassinated in [[South Africa]].
* [[April 16]] – [[Bosnian War]]: Fall of [[Srebrenica]].
* [[April 17]] – [[Laurence Powell]] and [[Stacey Koon]] are found guilty in the second Rodney King trial.
* [[April 19]]- A [[Waco Siege|51-day stand-off]] at the Branch Davidian compound near Waco, [[Texas]], ends with a fire that kills 76 people, including [[David Koresh]].
* [[April 22]] – In [[Washington, DC]], the [[Holocaust Memorial Museum]] is dedicated.
* [[April 22]] – 18-year-old student [[Stephen Lawrence]] is stabbed to death in [[London]], [[England]]; the attack is believed to have been racially motivated.
* [[April 23]] – The [[World Health Organization]] declares [[tuberculosis]] a Global Emergency.
* [[April 23]] – [[Eritrea]]ns vote overwhelmingly for independence from [[Ethiopia]] in a [[United Nations]]-monitored referendum.
* [[April 26]] – [[Oscar Luigi Scalfaro]] appoints [[Carlo Azeglio Ciampi]] [[Prime Minister of Italy]].
* [[April 27]] – [[Yemeni parliamentary election, 1993]]: The [[General People's Congress]] wins a [[plurality]] of 121 seats.
* [[April 27]] – All members of the [[Zambia national football team]] die in a plane crash off Libreville, Gabon in route to [[Dakar]], [[Senegal]].
* [[April 28]] – An executive order requires the [[United States Air Force]] to allow women to fly war planes.
* [[April 30]] – The [[World Wide Web]] is born at [[CERN]].
* [[April 30]] – Tennis star [[Monica Seles]] is stabbed in the back by an obsessed fan of rival [[Steffi Graf]] at a tournament in [[Hamburg]], [[Germany]].
===May===
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* [[May 1]] – [[Pierre Bérégovoy]], former [[prime minister]] of [[France]], commits [[suicide]].
* [[May 1]] – A [[Tamil Tigers]] [[suicide bomber]] assassinates President [[Ranasinghe Premadasa]] of [[Sri Lanka]].
* [[May 4]] – [[UNOSOM II]] assumes the [[Somalia]]n duties of the dissolved [[UNITAF]].
* [[May 9]] – [[Juan Carlos Wasmosy]] becomes the first democratically elected [[President of Paraguay]] in nearly 40 years.
* [[May 10]] – [[Kader Toy Factory Fire]]: The world's worst factory fire occurs in [[Bangkok]], [[Thailand]], killing 188 and injuring over 500.
* [[May 15]] – [[Niamh Kavanagh]] wins the [[Eurovision Song Contest 1993|Eurovision Song Contest]] for Ireland with "[[In Your Eyes (Niamh Kavanagh song)|In Your Eyes]]."
* [[May 16]] – The [[Grand National Assembly of Turkey]] elects Prime Minister [[Süleyman Demirel]] as [[President of Turkey]].
* [[May 16]] – [[Olympique de Marseille|Marseille]] defeats [[A.C. Milan]] in the [[1993 UEFA Champions League Final|UEFA Champions League Final]].
* [[May 24]] – Eritrea gains independence from Ethiopia.
* [[May 27]] – A car bomb at the [[Uffizi Gallery]] in [[Florence]] kills five; the [[Mafia]] is suspected.
* [[May 28]] – Eritrea and [[Monaco]] gain entry to the United Nations.
===June===
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* [[June 1]] – [[President of Guatemala]] [[Jorge Serrano Elías]] is forced to flee the country after an attempted [[self-coup]].
* [[June 1]] – [[Burundian presidential election, 1993]]: The first multiparty elections in Burundi since the country's independence lead to the election of [[Melchior Ndadaye]], leader of the [[Front for Democracy in Burundi]]. The next day's [[Burundian legislative election, 1993|legislative election]] sees his party win with an overwhelming majority.
* [[June 5]] – The [[National Assembly of Venezuela]] designates [[Ramón José Velásquez]] as successor of suspended [[President of Venezuela|President]] [[Carlos Andrés Pérez]].
* [[June 5]] – 24 [[Pakistan]]i troops in the [[United Nations|UN forces]] are killed in [[Mogadishu]], [[Somalia]]
* [[June 5]] – [[United States Supreme Court]] rules on landmark case [[Minnesota v. Dickerson]]
* [[June 6]] – Following the [[Revolutionary Nationalist Movement]]'s victory, [[Gonzalo Sánchez de Lozada]] becomes president of Bolivia
* [[June 6]] – [[Mongolia]] holds its first direct presidential [[election]]s.
* [[June 8]] – In [[Paris]], Christian Didier breaks into the home of [[René Bousquet]], banker and former [[Vichy France]] administrator, and shoots him dead.
* [[June 8]] – The PKK-declared ceasefire ends.
* [[June 9]] – The [[Montreal Canadiens]] win their 24th [[Stanley Cup]] defeating the [[Los Angeles Kings]] in the Finals.
* [[June 14]] – [[Tansu Çiller]] becomes the first female [[List of Prime Ministers of Turkey|Prime Minister of Turkey]].
* [[June 14]] – Multipartyists win a referendum on the future of the one-party system in [[Malawi]].
* [[June 18]] – [[Iraq disarmament crisis]]: Iraq refuses to allow UNSCOM weapons inspectors to install remote-controlled monitoring cameras at 2 missile engine test stands.
* [[June 20]] – Japanese Earthquake: A 7.5 earthquake hits Japan, killing 385 people.
* [[June 20]] – [[John Paxson]]'s three-point shot in Game 6 of the NBA Finals helps the [[Chicago Bulls]] secure a 99-98 win over the [[Phoenix Suns]], and their third consecutive championship.
* [[June 22]] – [[Japan]]'s [[New Party Sakigake]] breaks away from the [[Liberal Democratic Party (Japan)|Liberal Democratic Party]].
* [[June 23]] – In [[Manassas, Virginia]], [[Lorena Bobbitt]] cuts off the [[penis]] of her husband [[John Wayne Bobbitt]].
* [[June 24]] – A Unabomber bomb injures computer scientist [[David Gelernter]] at [[Yale University]].
* [[June 24]] – [[Andrew Wiles]] wins worldwide fame after presenting his solution for [[Fermat's last theorem|Fermat's Last Theorem]], a problem that has been unsolved for more than 3 centuries.
* [[June 25]] – [[Kim Campbell]] becomes the 19th, and first female, [[Prime Minister of Canada]].
* [[June 25]] – [[Zoran Lilić]] succeeds to [[Dobrica Ćosić]] as [[President of Yugoslavia]].
* [[June 25]] – The [[Lithuanian litas|litas]] is introduced in [[Lithuania]].
* [[June 25]] – [[Jacques Attali]] resigns as President of the [[European Bank for Reconstruction and Development]].
* [[June 26]]-28 – [[Typhoon Koryn (1993)|Typhoon Koryn]] causes important damages in the [[Philippines]], [[China]] and [[Macau]].
* [[June 27]] – U.S. President Bill Clinton orders a cruise missile attack on Iraqi intelligence headquarters in the [[Al-Mansur]] District of [[Baghdad]], in response to the attempted assassination of former U.S. President [[George H. W. Bush]] during his visit to Kuwait in mid-April.
* [[June 27]] – In Bad Kleinen, [[Germany]], [[GSG 9]] troopers arrest terrorists [[Birgit Hogefeld]] and [[Wolfgang Grams]].
===July===
* [[July 2]] – An integrist mob sets fire to the hotel where ''[[The Satanic Verses]]'' translator [[Aziz Nesin]] resides, killing 37.
* [[July 5]] – [[Iraq disarmament crisis]]: UN inspection teams leave Iraq. Iraq then agrees to UNSCOM demands and the inspection teams return.
* [[July 7]]-9 – [[19th G7 summit]] in [[Tokyo]], Japan.
* [[July 7]] – [[Hurricane Calvin (1993)|Hurricane Calvin]] lands in Mexico. It is the second Pacific hurricane to land in Mexico in July in recorded history, and kills 34.
* [[July 12]] – A [[Richter magnitude scale|magnitude]] 7.8 [[earthquake]] off [[Hokkaidō]], [[Japan]] launches a devastating [[tsunami]] that kills 202 on the small island of [[Okushiri, Hokkaido]].
* [[July 16]]-17 – In [[Estonia]], the [[History of Russians in Estonia|majority Russian]] cities of [[Narva]] and [[Sillamäe]] organize illegal referendums on "territorial autonomy" to protest new citizenship laws.
* [[July 19]] – [[Japanese general election, 1993]]: The loss of majority of the Liberal Democratic Party results in a coalition taking power.
* [[July 19]] – U.S. President Bill Clinton announces his '[[Don't ask, don't tell]]' policy regarding gays in the American military.
* [[July 20]] – [[White House]] deputy counsel [[Vince Foster]] commits suicide in Virginia.
* [[July 23]] – [[Candelária massacre]]: [[Brazil]]ian police officers kill 8 street kids in [[Rio de Janeiro]].
* [[July 26]] – [[Miguel Indurain]] wins the [[1993 Tour de France]].
* [[July 26]] – [[Asiana Air Flight 733]] crashes into Mt. Ungeo in [[Haenam]], [[South Korea]] killing 68.
* [[July 27]] – [[Windows NT 3.1]], the first version of [[Microsoft]]'s line of [[Windows NT]] operating systems, is released to manufacturing.
* [[July 29]] – The [[Israeli Supreme Court]] acquits accused [[Nazi]] death camp guard [[John Demjanjuk]] of all charges and he is set free.
===August===
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* [[August 4]] – A federal judge sentences [[Los Angeles Police Department]] officers [[Stacey Koon]] and Laurence Powell to 30 months in prison for violating motorist Rodney King's [[civil rights]].
* [[August 4]] – The Japanese government issues the Kono statement acknowledging the [[comfort women]]'s deportation.
* [[August 5]] – The discovery of the [[Tel Dan Stele]], the first archaeological confirmation of the existence of the [[Davidic line]], is announced.
* [[August 6]] – According to [[Japanese government]] and [[Tokyo Broadcasting System|TBS]] networks report, [[List of natural disasters by death toll#Storms_.28Non_cyclone.29|torrential rain and mudslides]] kill 72 in [[Kagoshima]], [[Japan]].
* [[August 9]] – King [[Albert II of Belgium]] is sworn into office 9 days after the death of his brother, King [[Baudouin I of Belgium|Baudouin I]].
* [[August 13]] – Over 130 die in the collapse of Royal Plaza Hotel at [[Nakhon Ratchasima]] in [[Thailand]]'s worst hotel disaster.
* [[August 17]] – For the first time, the public is allowed inside [[Buckingham Palace]].
* [[August 19]] – In Norway, [[Varg Vikernes]] is arrested and charged with the murder of [[Øystein Aarseth]], of [[Mayhem]]. He would a receive a 21 year sentence for this and other crimes.
* [[August 21]] – [[NASA]] loses radio contact with the [[Mars Observer]] orbiter 3 days before the spacecraft is scheduled to enter orbit around [[Mars]].
* [[August 28]] – [[Ong Teng Cheong]] becomes the first [[President of Singapore]] elected by the population.
* [[August 30]] – Russia completes removing its troops from Lithuania.
* [[August 31]] – [[HMS Mercury (shore establishment)|HMS Mercury]] closes after fifty two years in commission.
===September===
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[[Image:Rabin at peace talks.jpg|thumb|250px|[[PLO]] leader [[Yasser Arafat|Yasir Arafat]] and [[Israel]]i prime minister [[Yitzhak Rabin]], with US President, [[Bill Clinton]].]]
* [[September 4]] – The [[Essendon Football Club]] wins its 15th [[Australian Football League]] premiership over rivals [[Carlton Football Club]].
* [[September 4]] – [[Nigeria national football team|Nigeria]] beats [[Ghana national football team|Ghana]] in the [[1993 FIFA U-17 World Championship]].
* [[September 13]] – [[Norwegian parliamentary election, 1993]]: The Labour Party wins a plurality of the seats, and Prime Minister [[Gro Harlem Brundtland]] retains office.
* [[September 13]] – [[PLO]] leader [[Yasser Arafat]] and [[Israel]]i prime minister [[Yitzhak Rabin]] shake hands in Washington D.C., after signing a peace accord.
* [[September 15]]-21 – [[Hurricane Gert (1993)]] crosses from the [[Atlantic Ocean|Atlantic]] to the [[Pacific Ocean]] through [[Central America]] and [[Mexico]].
* [[September 17]] – Removal of Russian troops from [[Poland]].
* [[September 19]] – [[Polish parliamentary election, 1993]]: A coalition of the [[Democratic Left Alliance]] and the [[Polish People's Party]] lead by [[Waldemar Pawlak]] comes into power.
* [[September 22]] – [[Big Bayou Canot train disaster]]: A bridge collpases as the ''[[Sunset Limited]]'' crosses it, killing 47.
* [[September 24]] – The [[Cambodia]]n monarchy is restored, with [[Norodom Sihanouk]] as king.
* [[September 24]] – [[2000 Summer Olympics bids]]: The IOC selects [[Sydney]], [[Australia]] to be the site of the [[2000 Summer Olympics]].
* [[September 26]] – The first mission in [[Biosphere 2]] ends after 2 years.
* [[September 27]] – [[War in Abkhazia]]: [[Fall of Sukhumi]]; [[Eduard Shevardnadze]] accuses Russia of passive complicity.
* [[September 30]] – An earthquake centered in [[Killari]], [[Maharashtra]], [[India]] kills over 10,000.
===October===
* [[October 2]]-5 – The [[Russian constitutional crisis of 1993]] culminates with Russian military and security forces clearing the [[White House of Russia]] Parliament building by force, squashing a mass uprising against President [[Boris Yeltsin]].
* [[October 3]] – A large scale battle erupts between U.S. forces and local militia in [[Mogadishu, Somalia]]; 19 Americans and 500 Somalis are killed.
* [[October 5]] – [[China]] performs a [[nuclear test]], ending a worldwide ''de facto'' [[moratorium]].
* [[October 5]] – The papal [[encyclical]] ''[[Veritatis Splendor]]'' is promulgated.
* [[October 8]] – [[David Miscavige]] announces the IRS has granted full tax exemption to the Church of Scientology International and affiliated churches and organizations ending the Church's 40-year battle with the IRS and resulting in religious recognition in the United States.
* [[October 10]] – 292 are killed when the [[South Korean]] ferry ''Seohae'' capsizes off [[Pusan]], [[South Korea]].
* [[October 11]]-28 – The [[UNMIH]] is prevented from entering [[Haiti]]. On [[October 18]], economic sanctions (abolished in August) are reinstated.
* [[October 13]] – [[Greek legislative election, 1993]]: [[Andreas Papandreou]] begins his second term as [[Prime Minister of Greece]].
* [[October 13]] – The fifth summit of the [[Francophonie]] opens in [[Mauritius]].
* [[October 19]] – [[Benazir Bhutto]] becomes the first elected woman to lead a post-colonial Muslim state, in Pakistan.
* [[October 21]] – A coup in [[Burundi]] result in the death of president Melchior Ndadaye and sparks the [[Burundi Civil War]].
* [[October 25]] – [[Canadian federal election, 1993]]: [[Jean Chrétien]] and his [[Liberal Party of Canada|Liberal Party]] defeat the governing [[Progressive Conservative Party of Canada|Progressive Conservative Party]] which falls to historic low of 2 seats.
===November===
* [[November 1]] – The [[Maastricht Treaty]] takes effect, formally establishing the [[European Union]].
* [[November 5]] – [[United Kingdom|British]] [[Parliament of the United Kingdom|Parliament]] passes Railways [[Act of Parliament|Act]], setting out the procedures for [[privatisation of British Rail]].
*[[November 9]] – [[Bosnian Croat]] forces destroy the ''[[Stari most]]'', or Old Bridge of [[Mostar]], [[Bosnia and Herzegovina]], by tank fire.
* [[November 11]] – [[Microsoft]] releases [[Windows 3.11]] for Workgroups to manufacturing.
* [[November 11]] – [[Sri Lankan civil war]]: over 400 Sri Lankan military die in the [[Battle of Pooneryn]].
* [[November 12]] – [[London Convention]]: Marine dumping of [[radioactive waste]] is outlawed.
* [[November 18]] – In a [[Puerto Rican status referendums|status referendum]], [[Puerto Rico]] residents vote with a slim margin to maintain [[Commonwealth (U.S. insular area)|Commonwealth]] status.
* [[November 17]]-[[November 22|22]] – [[NAFTA]] passes the legislative houses in the [[United States]], [[Canada]] and [[Mexico]].
* [[November 18]] – In [[South Africa]], 21 political parties approve a new [[constitution]].
* [[November 18]] – The first meeting of the [[Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation]] opens in [[Seattle]].
* [[November 20]] – [[Savings and Loan scandal]]: The [[United States Senate]] Ethics Committee issues a stern censure of [[California]] senator [[Alan Cranston]] for his dealings with savings-and-loan executive [[Charles Keating]].
* [[November 20]] – An Avioimpex [[Yakovlev Yak-42]]D crashes into Mount Trojani near [[Ohrid]], [[Republic of Macedonia|Macedonia]]. The aircraft was on a flight from [[Geneva]], [[Switzerland]] to Skopje, but had been diverted to [[Ohrid]] due to poor weather conditions at the Skopje airport. All eight crew members and 115 of the 116 passengers are killed.
* [[November 24]] – In the [[United Kingdom]], 11-year-olds [[Robert Thompson]] and [[Jon Venables]] are convicted of the [[child murder]] of 2-year-old [[James Bulger]] of [[Liverpool]].
* [[November 28]] – ''[[The Observer]]'' reveals a channel of communications has existed between the [[Irish Republican Army|IRA]] and the [[British government]], despite the government's persistent denials.
===December===
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* [[December 2]] – ''[[STS-61]]'': [[NASA]] launches the Space Shuttle ''[[Endeavour]]'' on a mission to repair an optical flaw in the [[Hubble Space Telescope]].
* [[December 2]] – [[War on Drugs]]: [[Colombia]]n [[drug lord]] [[Pablo Escobar]], head of the [[Medellín Cartel]], is gunned down in [[Medellín]] when police try to arrest him.
* [[December 2]] – The announced merger ([[September 6]]) between [[Renault]] and [[Volvo]] fails; Volvo CEO [[Pehr G. Gyllenhammar]] resigns.
* [[December 5]] – [[Rafael Caldera Rodríguez]] is elected President of Venezuela for the second time, succeeding to interim president [[Ramón José Velásquez]].
* [[December 7]] – [[Colin Ferguson]] opens fire with his Ruger 9 mm pistol on a [[Long Island Rail Road]] train, killing 16 and injuring 29.
* [[December 7]] – 32 member Transitional Executive Committee holds its first meeting in [[Cape Town]], marking the first meeting of an official government body in [[South Africa]] with black members.
* [[December 7]] – [[President of Côte d'Ivoire]] [[Félix Houphouët-Boigny]] dies at 83, the oldest African head of state. He is succeeded 3 days later by [[Henri Konan Bédié]].
* [[December 10]] – [[id Software]] releases ''[[Doom (video game)|Doom]]'', a seminal [[first-person shooter]] that uses advanced [[3D graphics]] for computer games.
* [[December 11]] – [[Chilean presidential election, 1993]]: [[Eduardo Frei Ruiz-Tagle]] is elected with 58% of the vote.
* [[December 11]] – A variety of [[Soviet space program]] paraphernalia are put to auction in [[Sotheby's]] New York, and sell for a total of [[US$]]6.8M. One of the item is [[Lunokhod 1]] and its spacecraft [[Luna 17]]; they sold for $68,500.
* [[December 12]] – [[Péter Boross]] becomes [[Prime Minister of Hungary]] following the death of [[József Antall]].
* [[December 13]] – [[Canadian]] [[Prime Minister]] [[Kim Campbell]] resigns as head of the [[Conservative Party (Canada)|Conservative Party]] to be succeeded by [[Jean Charest]].
* [[December 13]] – The [[Majilis]] of [[Kazakhstan]] approves the nuclear [[Non-Proliferation Treaty]] and agrees to dismantle the more than 100 missiles left on its territory by the fall of the USSR.
* [[December 15]] – [[Downing Street Declaration]]: The United Kingdom commits itself to the search for an answer to the problems of [[Northern Ireland]].
* [[December 15]] – [[Uruguay Round]] of [[GATT]] talks reach successful conclusion after seven years.
* [[December 16]] – [[Brazil]]'s [[Supreme Court]] rules that former [[President]] [[Fernando Collor de Mello]] may not hold elected office again until [[2000]] due to [[political corruption]].
* [[December 18]] – [[Omar Bongo]] is re-elected as [[President]] of [[Gabon]] in the country's first [[multiparty]] [[elections]].
* [[December 20]] – [[United Nations General Assembly]] votes [[unanimously]] to appoint a UN High Commissioner for [[Human Rights]].
* [[December 22]] – The interim South Africa constitution is approved by [[parliament]] in a 237-45 vote.
* [[December 29]] – [[Argentina]] passes a measure allowing [[President]] [[Carlos Saul Menem]] and all future presidents to run for a second term. It also shortens presidential terms to four years and removes the requirement for the president to be [[Roman Catholic]].
* [[December 30]] – [[Israel]] and the [[Holy See|Vatican]] establish diplomatic relations.
* [[December 30]] – [[Indian National Congress|Congress Party]] gains a parliamentary majority in [[India]] after the defection of ten [[Janata Dal]] party lawmakers.
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===Undated===
* The second [[World Parliament of Religions]] is held in [[Chicago]].
* US President Bill Clinton sends 6 American warships to [[Haiti]] to enforce [[United Nations]] trade sanctions against the military-led regime in that country.
* The [[Mississippi River|Mississippi]] and [[Missouri River]]s flood large portions of the [[United States|American]] Midwest.
*Severe floods hit [[South Asia]], killing over 4,000 people in [[Bangladesh]], [[India]] and [[Nepal]].
*The [[European Exchange Rate Mechanism]] is put in crisis, mainly from [[speculation]] against the [[French Franc]].
*Over a dozen people are killed by the new [[Hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome]], mainly in the [[Southwestern United States]].
*Wildfires in [[California]] destroy over {{convert|16000|acre|km2}} and 700 homes.
*[[Stephen Hawking]]'s ''[[A Brief History of Time]]'' becomes the longest running book on the bestseller list of ''[[The Sunday Times (UK)|The Sunday Times]]'' ever.
*[[Oslo Accords]] negotiations.
*Many foreigners are murdered by rebel groups in [[Algeria]].
* The [[Campaign for Homosexual Law Reform]] succeeds in having Irish [[sodomy law]] reformed.
===Ongoing===
====Wars====
{{see also|List of wars 1990–2002}}
*[[Yugoslav wars]]
*[[The Troubles]]
*[[First Tuareg Rebellion]]
*[[Algerian Civil War]]
*[[Civil war in Afghanistan]]
*[[Israeli-Palestinian conflict]]
*Conflicts in Sub-saharan Africa
**[[First Liberian Civil War]]
**[[Rwandan Civil War]]
**[[Sierra Leone Civil War]]
**[[Sri Lankan Civil War]]
**[[Lord's Resistance Army]] insurgency.
**[[Second Sudanese Civil War]]
**[[Conflict in the Niger Delta]]
**[[Angolan Civil War]]
**[[Casamance Conflict]]
*[[Conflicts in the Horn of Africa]]
**[[Djiboutian Civil War]]
**[[Somali Civil War]]
*Conflicts in Latin America
**[[Guatemalan Civil War]]
**[[Internal conflict in Peru]]
**[[Colombian Civil War (1964–present)|Colombian Civil War]]
*Conflicts in the former USSR
**[[Georgian Civil War]]
**[[Nagorno-Karabakh War]]
**[[Civil war in Tajikistan]]
====Other====
*[[Generation X]] influence on culture
*[[Console wars]], and [[Computer Age]]
===Fictional===
The following are references to year 1993 in fiction:
*The film ''[[Beautiful People (film)|Beautiful People]]'' is set in this year.
*The film ''[[Club le Monde]]'' is set in this year.
*The film ''[[Eight Below]]'' is set in this year due to that being the last year that [[sled dog]]s were allowed to work in [[Antarctica]].
{{Year in other calendars|Japanese=[[Heisei]] 5}}
==Births==
{{For|a complete list|Category:1993 births}}
===January-June===
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*[[January 12]] – [[Aika Mitsui]], Japanese singer
*[[January 18]] – [[Morgan York]], American actress
*[[January 26]] – [[Cameron Bright]], Canadian actor
*[[January 30]] – [[Christina Kirkman]], American actress
*[[February 7]] – [[David Dorfman]], American actor
*[[February 9]] – [[Parimarjan Negi]], Chess prodigy from India
*[[February 12]] – [[Jennifer Stone]], American actress
*[[February 14]] – [[Martín Galván]], Mexican footballer
*[[February 18]] – [[Victoria Justice]], American actress
*[[February 20]] – [[Oliver Smith (UK politician)|Oliver Smith]], UK politician
*[[February 26]] – [[Taylor Dooley]], American actress
*[[March 4]] – [[Yves Michel-Beneche]], American actor
*[[March 17]] – [[Julia Winter]], Swedish actress
*[[March 21]] – [[Bobby Preston]], American actor
*[[March 28]] – [[Naoki Takeshi]], Japanese actor
*[[April 3]] – [[Dakoda Dowd]], American golfer
*[[April 14]] – [[Vivien Cardone]], American actress
*[[April 15]] – [[Madeleine Martin]], American television actress/voice actress
*[[April 16]] – [[Mirai Nagasu]], Japanese-American figure skater
*[[April 23]] – [[Akrit Jaswal]], child physician
*[[May 10]] – [[Mirai Shida]], Japanese actress
*[[May 13]] – [[Alexander Montagu, Viscount Mandeville]], British noble
*[[May 14]] – [[Miranda Cosgrove]], American actress
*[[May 20]] – [[Caroline Zhang]], American figure skater
*[[May 25]] – The [[Dilley sextuplets]]
*[[June 7]] – [[Jordan Fry]], American actor
*[[June 15]] – [[Kanna Arihara]], Japanese singer
===July-December===
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*[[July 26]] – [[Taylor Momsen]], American actress
*[[July 28]] – [[Hannah Lochner]], Canadian actress
*[[July 29]] – [[Ang Ching Hui]], Singaporean actress
*[[August 2]] – [[Paul Raymond]], Australian dancer
*[[August 3]] – [[Paula Riemann]], German actress
*[[August 3]] – [[Yurina Kumai]], Japanese singer
*[[August 5]] – [[Suzuka Ohgo]], Japanese child actress
*[[August 11]] – [[Alyson Stoner]], American actress and dancer
*[[August 12]] – [[Ewa Farna]], Polish singer
*[[August 26]] – [[Keke Palmer]], American actress and singer
*[[September 1]] – [[Ilona Mitrecey]], French singer
*[[September 5]] – [[Gage Golightly]], American actress
*[[September 9]] – [[Charlie Stewart]], American actor
*[[September 23]] – [[Zach Tyler Eisen]], American voice actor
*[[October 2]] – [[Tara Lynne Barr]], American actress
*[[October 8]] – [[Angus T. Jones]], American actor
*[[October 28]] – [[Elliot John Crosby]], English tenpin bowler
*[[November 9]] – [[Maya Ritter]], Canadian actress
*[[November 15]] – [[Saaya Irie]], Japanese model, actress and singer
*[[December 6]] – [[Elián González]], Cuban refugee
*[[December 8]] – [[AnnaSophia Robb]], American actress
*[[December 10]] – [[Rachel Trachtenburg]], American musician
*[[December 15]] – [[Matthew Koon]], English stage actor
*[[December 22]] – [[Aliana Lohan]], American actress and singer
*[[December 22]] – [[Mark Klein (singer)|Mark Klein]], American singer and member of [[The Boogie Kings]]
==Deaths==
{{For|a complete list|Category:1993 deaths}}
===January-June===
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*[[January 6]] – [[Dizzy Gillespie]], American jazz trumpeter, bandleader, and composer (b. [[1917]])
*[[January 6]] – [[Rudolf Nureyev]], Russian dancer (b. [[1938]])
*[[January 20]] – [[Kōbō Abe]], Japanese author (b. [[1924]])
*[[January 20]] – [[Audrey Hepburn]], Belgian actress (b. [[1929]])
*[[January 24]] – [[Thurgood Marshall]], American jurist, First African-American on the Supreme Court (b. 1908)
*[[January 26]] – [[Robert Jacobsen]] Danish artist (b. [[1912]])
*[[January 27]] – [[Jeanne Sauvé]], Canadian Governor General (b. [[1922]])
*[[January 27]] – [[André the Giant]], French professional wrestler (b. [[1946]]), real name: André René Roussimoff
*[[February 5]] – [[Hans Jonas]], German philosopher (b. [[1903]])
*[[February 5]] – [[Tip Tipping]], British actor and stuntman (parachuting accident) (b. [[1958]])
*[[February 5]] – [[Joseph L. Mankiewicz]], American screenwriter and producer (b. [[1909]])
*[[February 6]] – [[Arthur Ashe]], American tennis player and activist (b. [[1943]])
*[[February 8]] – [[Roland Mousnier]], French historian (b. [[1907]])
*[[February 11]] – [[Robert W. Holley]], American biochemist, [[Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine|Nobel Prize]] laureate (b. [[1922]])
*[[February 12]] – [[James Bulger]], British murder victim
*[[February 18]] – [[Kerry Von Erich]], American professional wrestler (b. [[1960]]), real name: Kerry Gene Adkisson
*[[February 20]] – [[Ferruccio Lamborghini]], Italian automobile manufacturer (b. [[1916]])
*[[February 21]] – [[Inge Lehmann]], Danish seismologist (b. [[1888]])
*[[February 21]] – [[Dick White]], British intelligence officer (b. [[1906]])
*[[February 23]] – [[Robert Triffin]], Belgian economist (b. [[1911]])
*[[February 24]] – [[Bobby Moore]], English footballer (b. [[1941]])
*[[February 27]] – [[Lillian Gish]], American actress (b. [[1893]])
*[[March 3]] – [[Albert Sabin]], American biologist, developer of the oral polio vaccine (b. [[1906]])
*[[March 8]] – [[Billy Eckstine]], American musician (b. [[1914]])
*[[March 17]] – [[Helen Hayes]], American actress (b. [[1900]])
*[[March 20]] – [[Polykarp Kusch]], German-born physicist, [[Nobel Prize in Physics|Nobel Prize]] laureate (b. [[1911]])
*[[March 20]] – [[Paul László]], Hungarian-born architect (b. [[1900]])
*[[March 30]] – [[Richard Diebenkorn]], American painter (b. [[1922]])
*[[March 31]] – [[Brandon Lee]], American actor (b. [[1965]])
*[[March 31]] – [[Chichay]], Filipino actress (b. [[1918]])
*[[April 1]] – [[Infante Juan, Count of Barcelona]] (b. [[1913]])
*[[April 8]] – [[Marian Anderson]], American contralto (b. [[1897]])
*[[April 10]] – [[Donald Broadbent]], British psychologist (b. [[1926]])
*[[April 13]] – [[Wallace Stegner]], American writer (car accident) (b. [[1909]])
*[[April 15]] – [[Robert Westall]], British author (b. [[1929]])
*[[April 17]] – [[Turgut Özal]], Turkish president and prime minister (b. [[1927]])
*[[April 20]] – [[Cantinflas]], Mexican comedian (b. [[1911]])
*[[April 23]] – [[César Chávez|César Estrada Chávez]], Civil rights activist (b. [[1927]])
*[[April 29]] – [[Héctor Lavoe]], Salsa singer
*[[April 29]] – [[Mick Ronson]], Rock Guitarist (b. [[1946]])
*[[May 1]] – [[Pierre Bérégovoy]], [[Prime Minister of France]] (b. [[1925]])
*[[May 8]] – [[Avram Davidson]], American writer (b. [[1923]])
*[[May 8]] – [[Alwin Nikolais]], American choreographer (b. [[1912]])
*[[May 14]] – [[William Randolph Hearst, Jr.]], American businessman (b. [[1908]])
*[[May 22]] – [[Mieczysław Horszowski]], Polish pianist (b. [[1892]])
*[[May 30]] – [[Sun Ra]], American jazz musician (b. [[1914]] or [[1915]])
*[[June 1]] – [[Melchior Ndadaye]], incumbent Burundian president (murder) (b. [[1953]])
*[[June 2]] – [[Tahar Djaout]], Algerian writer (murder) (b. [[1954]])
*[[June 5]] – [[Conway Twitty]], American musician (b. [[1933]])
*[[June 9]] – [[Alexis Smith]], Canadian actress (b. [[1921]])
*[[June 13]] – [[Deke Slayton]], astronaut (b. [[1924]])
*[[June 13]] – [[Gérard Côté]], Canadian marathon runner (b. [[1913]])
*[[June 16]] – [[Nicanor Zabaleta]], Spanish harpist (b. [[1907]])
*[[June 19]] – [[William Golding]], English writer, [[Nobel Prize in Literature|Nobel Prize]] laureate (b. [[1911]])
*[[June 19]] – [[Szymon Goldberg]], Polish-born violinist (b. [[1909]])
*[[June 22]] – [[Patricia Nixon]], former First Lady of the United States (b. [[1912]])
*[[June 24]] – [[Archie Williams]], American athlete (b. [[1915]])
*[[June 30]] – [[George McFarland|George "Spanky" McFarland]], American actor (b. [[1928]])
===July-December===
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*[[July 2]] – [[Fred Gwynne]], American actor and comedian, mostly known as Herman Munster from [[The Munsters]] (b. [[1926]])
*[[July 2]] – [[Masuji Ibuse]], Japanese writer (b. [[1898]])
*[[July 3]] – [[Curly Joe DeRita]], American comedian (b. [[1909]])
*[[July 14]] – [[Léo Ferré]], French poet and singer-songwriter (b. [[1916]])
*[[July 23]] – [[James R. Jordan, Sr.|James Jordan]], father of basketball superstar, [[Michael Jordan]] (shot) (b. [[1936]])
*[[July 24]] – [[Rene Requiestas]], Filipino comedian (b. [[1957]])
*[[July 31]] – [[Baudouin I]], King of Belgium (b. [[1930]])
*[[August 3]] – [[Theodore A. Parker III]], renowned ornithologist (b. [[1953]])
*[[August 10]] – [[Øystein Aarseth]], Norwegian heavy metal musician (murder) (b. [[1968]])
*[[August 16]] – [[René Dreyfus]] Grand Prix racing driver (b. [[1905]])
*[[August 20]] – [[Bernard Delfgaauw]], Dutch philosopher (b. [[1912]])
*[[August 28]] – [[E. P. Thompson]], English historian and activist (b. [[1924]])
*[[September 4]] – [[Hervé Villechaize]], French-born actor (b. [[1943]])
*[[September 11]] – [[Erich Leinsdorf]], Austrian conductor (b. [[1912]])
*[[September 12]] – [[Raymond Burr]], Canadian actor (b. [[1917]])
*[[September 20]] – [[Erich Hartmann]], world's highest-scoring [[Fighter Ace]] (b. [[1922]])
*[[September 22]] – [[Maurice Abravanel]], Greek-born conductor (b. [[1903]])
*[[September 22]] – [[Nina Berberova]], Russian writer (b. [[1901]])
*[[September 27]] – [[Jimmy Doolittle]], American general (b. [[1896]])
*[[September 28]] – [[Alexander A. Drabik]], American soldier (b. [[1910]])
*[[October 5]] – [[Agnes de Mille]], American dancer and choreographer (b. [[1905]])
*[[October 25]] – [[Vincent Price]], American actor (b. [[1911]])
*[[October 25]] – [[Danny Chan]], Hong Konger singer (b. [[1962]])
*[[October 31]] – [[Federico Fellini]], Italian film director (b. [[1920]])
*[[October 31]] – [[Paul Grégoire]], archbishop of Montreal (b. [[1911]])
*[[October 31]] – [[River Phoenix]], American actor (drug overdose) (b. [[1970]])
*[[November 1]] – [[Severo Ochoa]], Spanish-born biochemist, recipient of the [[Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine]] (b. [[1905]])
*[[November 1]] – [[A. N. Sherwin-White]], English historian of Ancient Rome (b. [[1911]])
*[[November 16]] – [[Achille Zavatta]], French circus artist (suicide) (b. [[1915]])
*[[November 21]] – [[Bill Bixby]], American actor (b. [[1934]])
*[[November 22]] – [[Anthony Burgess]], English author (b. [[1917]])
*[[November 29]] – [[J. R. D. Tata]], Indian aviator and businessman (b. [[1904]])
*[[December 2]] – [[Pablo Escobar]], Colombian drug lord (b. [[1940]])
*[[December 3]] – [[Lewis Thomas]], American physician and essayist (b. [[1913]])
*[[December 4]] – [[Frank Zappa]], American guitarist and composer (b. [[1940]])
*[[December 6]] – [[Don Ameche]], American actor (b. [[1908]])
*[[December 7]] – [[Wolfgang Paul]], German physicist, [[Nobel Prize in Physics|Noble Prize]] laureate (b. [[1913]])
*[[December 7]] – [[Félix Houphouët-Boigny]], incumbent Ivoirian president (b. [[1905]])
*[[December 13]] – [[József Antall]], incumbent Hungarian Prime Minister (b. [[1932]])
*[[December 15]] – [[Evelyn Venable]], American actress (b. [[1913]])
*[[December 16]] – [[Charles Willard Moore]], American architect (b. [[1926]])
*[[December 16]] – [[Kakuei Tanaka]], former Japanese Prime Minister (b. [[1918]])
*[[December 25]] – [[Pierre Victor Auger]], French physicist (b. [[1899]])
*[[December 28]] – [[William L. Shirer]], [[United States|American]] journalist and historian (b. [[1904]])
*[[December 31]] – [[Zviad Gamsakhurdia]], first [[President of Georgia]] (b. [[1939]])
*Undated – [[Christian Metz (critic)|Christian Metz]], French film theorist (b. 1931)
*Undated – [[Beaumont Newhall]], American curator (b. 1908)
{{C20YearTOCright}}
== Ship events ==
* [[List of ship launches in 1993]]
* [[List of ship commissionings in 1993]]
* [[List of ship decommissionings in 1993]]
==Nobel prizes==
* [[Nobel Prize in Chemistry|Chemistry]] – [[Kary Mullis]], [[Michael Smith (chemist)|Michael Smith]]
* [[Nobel Prize in Economics|Economics]] – [[Robert W. Fogel]], [[Douglass C. North]]
* [[Nobel Prize in Literature|Literature]] – [[Toni Morrison]]
* [[Nobel Peace Prize|Peace]] – [[Nelson Mandela]] and [[Frederik Willem de Klerk]]
* [[Nobel Prize in Physics|Physics]] – [[Russell Alan Hulse]], [[Joseph Hooton Taylor Jr.]]
* [[Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine|Physiology or Medicine]] – [[Richard J. Roberts]], [[Philip Allen Sharp]]
==Templeton Prize==
* [[Charles Colson]]
==See also==
* [[20th century]]
==Notes==
{{refbegin}}
<references />
*{{cite book|title=1994 Book of the year| year=1994| author=Trumbull, Charles P. (ed.)| publisher=Encyclopædia Britannica| location=Chicago| isbn=0-85229-600-2}}
*{{fr icon}} {{cite book|title=Univeralia 1994| year=1994| author=Berani, Jacques (ed.)| publisher=[[Encyclopædia Universalis]]| location=Paris| isbn=2-85229-321-8}}
*{{fr icon}} {{cite book|title=Le Livre de l'Année 1994| year=1994| author=Harnois, Christiane (dir.)| publisher=Grolier| location=Montreal| isbn=0-7172-3019-8}}
{{refend}}
==External links==
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