1st century 34628 225801382 2008-07-15T13:47:30Z Arthur Rubin 374195 rm * [[Gautama Buddha]]; article states [[5th century BC]] to [[4th century BC]] {{Centurybox}} [[Image:East-Hem 001ad.jpg|thumb|300px|Eastern Hemisphere at the beginning of the 1st century AD.]] [[Image:East-Hem 100ad.jpg|thumb|300px|Eastern Hemisphere at the end of the 1st century AD.]] The '''1st century''' was that [[century]] that lasted from [[1]] to [[100]] according the [[Gregorian calendar]]. It is considered part of the ''[[Classical era]], epoch, or [[History by period|historical period]]'' During this period Europe, North Africa and the Near East fell under increasing domination by the [[Roman Empire]], which continued expanding, most notably conquering [[Britannia|Britain]] under the emperor [[Claudius]] ([[43]]). The reforms introduced by [[Augustus]] during his long reign stabilized the empire after the turmoil of the previous century's civil wars. Later in the century the [[Julio-Claudian Dynasty]], which had been founded by [[Augustus]] came to an end with the death of [[Nero]] in [[68]]. There followed the famous [[Year of Four Emperors]], a brief period of civil war and instability, which was finally brought to an end by [[Vespasian]], 9th Roman emperor, and founder of the [[Flavian Dynasty]]. China continued to be dominated by the [[Han Dynasty]], despite a 14 year interruption by the [[Xin dynasty]] under [[Wang Mang]]. Han rule was restored in [[23]]; Wang Mang's rule represents the watershed between the Western/Former Han and the Eastern/Later Han. The capital was also moved from Chang'an to Luoyang. ==Christianity== {{main|Early Christianity}} According to the [[New Testament]], during the reign of [[Tiberius]], [[Jesus]], a religious teacher from [[Galilee]], was crucified in [[Judea]] for bringing a new religion in the unstable region. Over the next few decades his followers carried his message far and wide, eventually introducing it to Rome itself. Roman rulers began to [[Persecution of Christians|persecute]] the new sect almost immediately, and would continue to do so for centuries, sometimes vigorously, and other times passively, until [[Christianity]] was eventually taken up by the emperor [[Constantine I|Constantine]], and later established as the official religion of the Roman state. ==Events and economy== [[Image:Ring Lady.JPG|right|thumb|150px|The skeleton called the "Ring Lady" unearthed in Herculaneum, one of the victims of the eruption of [[Mount Vesuvius]] in [[79]]]]. *[[1]]: [[Lion]]s became [[extinct]] in [[Western Europe]]. *c.6: [[Census of Quirinius]] *[[8]]–[[23]]: [[Wang Mang]] temporarily overthrew the [[Han dynasty]] of [[China]]. *[[9]]: Three Roman legions were ambushed and destroyed at [[Teutoberg Forest]] by Germans under the leadership of [[Arminius]]. *[[14]]: [[Augustus Caesar]], first emperor of Rome, dies. His nephew [[Tiberius]] is his successor. *[[28]]–[[75]]: [[Emperor Ming of Han]], [[Buddhism]] reaches [[China]]. *[[27]]–[[36]]: [[Crucifixion]] of [[Jesus Christ]]. [[Death of Jesus]]. *[[Masoretes]] adds vowel pointings to the text of the [[Tanakh]], the [[Hebrew Bible]]. *[[Buddhist]] monks in [[Sri Lanka]] first write down [[Gautama Buddha|Buddha]]'s teachings, creating the [[Pāli|Pali]] canon. *[[Tacitus]] mentions the [[Suiones]], who will one day be called the [[Swedish people|Swedes]]. *[[Kaundinya]], an [[India]]n [[Brahmin]] marries [[Soma (queen)|Soma]] and establishes the Pre-[[Angkor]] [[Cambodian Kingdom]] of [[Funan]]. *The [[Goths]] settle in northern [[Poland]], which they called [[Gothiscandza]], and shape the [[Wielbark culture]]. *[[Christian]] [[Council of Jerusalem]]. *52 (?) Arrival of [[Apostle Thomas]] to Malabar, India.Beginning of [[Christianity]] in [[India]] *[[July 19]], [[64]]: [[Great Fire of Rome]], first Roman mass [[Persecution of Christians]], earliest significant recognition of [[Christians]] in [[Rome]]. *[[66]]–[[73]] [[First Jewish-Roman War]]. *[[70]], August: destruction of [[Herod's Temple]] in [[Jerusalem]] by the Romans under [[Titus]]. *[[79]], August: [[Pompeii]] and [[Herculaneum]] destroyed by eruption of [[Mount Vesuvius]]. *[[Jewish]] [[Council of Jamnia]]. *Spread of the [[Roman Empire]], reaches largest size under [[Trajan]]. *[[Arena (colosseum)]] is constructed, origin of the name [[Arena]]. *Late 1st century — Cityscape, detail of a Second Style wall painting from a bedroom in the House of [[Publius Fannius Synistor]], [[Boscoreale]], is made. It is now at The [[Metropolitan Museum of Art]], [[New York]]. *The painting "Alexander the Great confronts Darius III at the Battle of Issos", detail of mosaic floor decoration from [[Pompeii]], [[Italy]] is made. It is a Roman copy after a Greek painting of c. [[310 BC]], perhaps by [[Philoxenos]] or Helen of Egypt. It is now at [[Museo Archeologico Nazionale]], [[Naples]], [[Italy]]. ==Significant people== [[Image:Acaugustus.jpg|200px|thumb|right|Bronze statue of Augustus, Archaeological Museum, Athens.]] [[Image:Caligula bust.jpg|right|thumb|200px|Bust of Caligula.]] * [[Apollonius of Tyana]] * [[Rabbi Akiva|Akiba]] * [[Arminius]] * [[Boudica]], also known as Boadicea * [[Augustus]] * [[Caligula]] * [[Claudius]] * [[Pope Clement I|Clement I of Rome]] * [[Decebalus]] * [[Domitian]] * [[Du Shi]] * [[Elisha ben Abuyah]] * [[Galba]] * [[Germanicus]] * [[Emperor Guangwu of Han|Guangwu of Han, Emperor]] * [[Hero of Alexandria]] * [[Hillel the Elder]] * [[Ignatius of Antioch]] * [[James the Just]] * [[Historical Jesus|Jesus]] of [[Nazareth]] * [[John the Baptist]] * [[Josephus]] * [[Liu Xin]] * [[Livy]] * [[Ma Yuan (Han Dynasty)|Ma Yuan]] * [[Emperor Ming of Han|Ming of Han, Emperor]] * [[Nero]] * [[Nerva]] * [[Otho]] * [[Paul of Tarsus]] * [[Philo]] * [[Pliny the Elder]] * [[Pontius Pilate]] * [[Seneca the Younger]] * [[Strabo]] * [[Gaius Cornelius Tacitus|Tacitus]] * [[Thomas the Apostle]] * [[Tiberius]] * [[Titus]] * [[Trajan]] * [[Vespasian]] * [[Vitellius]] * [[Wang Chong]] * [[Wang Mang]] ==Inventions, discoveries, introductions== * [[Codex]], the first form of the modern book, appears in the Roman empire * Year [[78]] — the beginning of the Saka Era used by South Asian calendars. * [[Bookbinding]] * Various inventions by [[Hero of Alexandria]], including the [[steam turbine]] (aeolipile), [[vending machine]], [[water organ]], and various other water-powered machines. *In [[31]], the [[Han Dynasty]] Chinese engineer and statesman [[Du Shi]] (d. [[38]]) from [[Nanyang]] invented the first-known [[hydraulic]]-powered [[bellows]] to heat the [[blast furnace]] in smelting [[cast iron]]. He used a complex mechanical device that was powered by the rushing current against a [[waterwheel]], a practice that would continue in China. *Although [[Philo of Byzantium]] described the saqiya [[chain pump]] in the early 2nd century BC, the square-pallet [[chain pump]] was innovated in China during this century, mentioned first by the philosopher [[Wang Chong]] around 80 AD. Wang Chong also accurately described the [[water cycle]] in [[meteorology]], and argued against the mainstream 'radiating influence' theory for [[solar eclipse]]s, the latter of which was accepted by many, including [[Zhang Heng]]. *The Chinese astronomer [[Liu Xin]] (d. [[23]]) documented 1080 different stars, amongst other achievements. ==Decades and years== {{DecadesAndYears}} {{Centuries}} {{New Testament people}} [[Category:1st century| ]] [[Category:1st millennium]] [[Category:Centuries|01st century]] [[af:1ste eeu]] [[als:1. Jahrhundert]] [[ar:قرن 1]] [[an:Sieglo I]] [[ast:Sieglu I]] [[az:I əsr]] [[be:1 стагоддзе]] [[be-x-old:1 стагодзьдзе]] [[bs:1. vijek]] [[br:Iañ kantved]] [[bg:1 век]] [[ca:Segle I]] [[cv:I ĕмĕр]] [[cs:1. století]] [[cy:Y ganrif 1af]] [[da:1. århundrede]] [[de:1. Jahrhundert]] [[et:1. sajand]] [[el:1ος αιώνας]] [[es:Siglo I]] [[eo:1-a jarcento]] [[eu:I. mendea]] [[fa:سده ۱ (میلادی)]] [[fo:1. øld]] [[fr:Ier siècle]] [[fy:1e ieu]] [[ga:1ú haois]] [[gd:1 Linn]] [[gl:Século I]] [[ko:1세기]] [[hr:1. stoljeće]] [[io:1ma yar-cento]] [[id:Abad ke-1]] [[is:1. öldin]] [[it:I secolo]] [[he:המאה ה-1]] [[jv:Abad kaping 1]] [[ka:I საუკუნე]] [[kk:1 ғ.]] [[kw:1sa kansblydhen]] [[ku:Sedsala 1'an]] [[la:Saeculum 1]] [[lv:1. gadsimts]] [[lb:1. Joerhonnert]] [[lt:I amžius]] [[lij:I secolo]] [[li:Ierste iew]] [[hu:1. század]] [[mk:1 век]] [[mr:इ.स.चे १ ले शतक]] [[ms:Abad ke-1]] [[nl:1e eeuw]] [[nds-nl:1e eeuw]] [[ja:1世紀]] [[no:1. århundre]] [[nn:1. hundreåret]] [[nrm:Ie s.]] [[uz:I asr]] [[nds:1. Johrhunnert]] [[pl:I wiek]] [[pt:Século I]] [[ksh:1. Joohunndot]] [[ro:Secolul I]] [[ru:I век]] [[sq:Shekulli I]] [[scn:Sèculu I]] [[simple:1st century]] [[sk:1. storočie]] [[sl:1. stoletje]] [[sr:1. век]] [[stq:1. Jierhunnert]] [[su:Abad ka-1]] [[fi:Ensimmäinen vuosisata]] [[sv:000-talet]] [[kab:Lqern amezwaru]] [[tt:1. yöz]] [[th:คริสต์ศตวรรษที่ 1]] [[vi:Thế kỷ 1]] [[tr:1. yüzyıl]] [[uk:1 століття]] [[vec:I secolo]] [[bat-smg:I omžios]] [[zh:1世纪]]