2002 Commonwealth Games
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{{Commonwealth Games |
Name = 17th Commonwealth Games |
Logo = Manchester 2002.png|
Size = 175 |
Host city = [[Manchester]], [[England]] |
Optional caption = |
Nations participating = 72<ref>The four [[Home Nations]] of the [[United Kingdom]] — [[England]], [[Scotland]], [[Wales]] and [[Northern Ireland]] — send separate teams to the Commonwealth Games, as do the three [[Crown dependency|Crown Dependencies]] — [[Jersey]], the [[Isle of Man]] and [[Guernsey]] — and 9 of the 14 [[British Overseas Territories]]. The [[Cook Islands]] and [[Niue]], non-sovereign territories in [[Associated state|free association]] with [[New Zealand]], and [[Norfolk Island]], an [[states and territories of Australia#External territories|external territory]] of [[Australia]], also compete separately. There are thus 53 members of the [[Commonwealth of Nations]], but 72 competing teams at the Commonwealth Games.</ref>||
Athletes participating = 3,863 |
Events = 14 individual and <br>3 team sports |
Opening ceremony = [[July 25]], [[2002]] |
Closing ceremony = [[August 4]], [[2002]] |
Officially opened by = [[Queen Elizabeth II]]|
Motto = The Spirit of Friendship<ref>{{cite web|url=http://m2002.thecgf.com/Home/Festival/default.asp|title=Spirit of Friendship Festival|publisher=Manchester 2002 Ltd|date=[[Summer]] [[2002]]|accessdate=2008-05-02}}</ref> |
Mascot = Kit the Cat |
Queen's Baton = [[David Beckham]] and<br>[[Kirsty Howard]] |
Stadium = [[City of Manchester Stadium]] |
}}
The '''2002 Commonwealth Games''' were held in [[Manchester]], [[England]] from [[July 25]] to [[August 4]] [[2002]]. The XVII [[Commonwealth Games]] was the largest multi-sport event ever to be held in England, eclipsing [[London]]'s [[1948 Summer Olympics]] in numbers of teams and athletes participating.
The Games formed the catalyst for the widespread regeneration and development of Manchester, and bolstered its reputation as a European and world city.
Events were held across [[Greater Manchester]]. The opening and closing ceremonies, the athletic and the rugby 7s events were held at the [[City of Manchester Stadium]], which was purpose built for the Games. Unusually for a large multi-sport event – the second largest competition by number of countries and athletes participating – the shooting events were held in the National Shooting Centre in [[Bisley, Surrey]], some {{convert|200|mi|km|0}} from the main focus of the Games in Manchester.
Seventy-two nations competed in 14 individual sports and 3 team sports events.
<!-- Deleted image removed: [[Image:Manchester_Commonwealth_Games_logo.png|right|frame|Spirit of Friendship Festival logo]] -->
== List of sports ==
[[Image:Commonwealth games 2002 countries map.PNG|thumb|250px|Countries that competed]]
There were the maximum{{Fact|date=May 2008}} of 17 sports included in the schedule for the 2002 Commonwealth Games.
{{see|2002 Commonwealth Games results}}
{| class="sortable wikitable"
|- bgcolor="#efefef"
! Sport
! Venue
! Number of medal events
|-
|[[2002 Commonwealth Games results#Aquatics|Aquatics]]
|[[Manchester Aquatics Centre]]
|align=center|{{nts|50}}
|-
|[[2002 Commonwealth Games results#Athletics|Athletics]]
|[[City of Manchester Stadium]]
|align=center|{{nts|46}}
|-
|[[2002 Commonwealth Games results#Badminton|Badminton]]
|[[Bolton Arena]]
|align=center|{{nts|5}}
|-
|[[2002 Commonwealth Games results#Boxing|Boxing]]
|Wythenshawe Forum, [[MEN Arena]]
|align=center|{{nts|12}}
|-
|[[2002 Commonwealth Games results#Cycling|Cycling]]
|[[Manchester Velodrome]] (track events), [[Rivington]] (mountain biking)
|align=center|{{nts|17}}
|-
|[[2002 Commonwealth Games results#Gymnastics|Gymnastics]]
|[[Manchester Central (Conference Centre)|G-MEX Centre]]
|align=center|{{nts|15}}
|-
|[[2002 Commonwealth Games results#Field hockey|Hockey]]
|[[Belle Vue, Greater Manchester|Belle Vue]] Complex
|align=center|{{nts|2}}
|-
|[[2002 Commonwealth Games results#Judo|Judo]]
|[[Manchester Central (Conference Centre)|G-MEX Centre]]
|align=center|{{nts|14}}
|-
|[[2002 Commonwealth Games results#Lawn bowls|Lawn bowls]]
|[[Heaton Park]]
|align=center|{{nts|6}}
|-
|[[2002 Commonwealth Games results#Netball|Netball]]
|[[MEN Arena]]
|align=center|{{nts|1}}
|-
|[[2002 Commonwealth Games results#Rugby Sevens|Rugby Sevens]]
|[[City of Manchester Stadium]]
|align=center|{{nts|1}}
|-
|[[2002 Commonwealth Games results#Shooting|Shooting]]
|[[Bisley]] Shooting Centre
|align=center|{{nts|40}}
|-
|[[2002 Commonwealth Games results#Squash|Squash]]
|[[National Squash Centre]]
|align=center|{{nts|5}}
|-
|[[2002 Commonwealth Games results#Table tennis|Table tennis]]
|Table Tennis Centre, Sportcity
|align=center|{{nts|8}}
|-
|[[2002 Commonwealth Games results#Triathlon|Triathlon]]
|[[Salford Quays]]
|align=center|{{nts|2}}
|-
|[[2002 Commonwealth Games results#Weightlifting|Weightlifting]]
|[[Manchester Central (Conference Centre)|Manchester International Conference Centre]]
|align=center|{{nts|46}}
|-
|[[2002 Commonwealth Games results#Wrestling|Wrestling]]
|[[Manchester Central (Conference Centre)|G-MEX Centre]]
|align=center|{{nts|7}}
|-
|}
After experimenting with it on a smaller scale at the [[1994 Commonwealth Games]] and dropping it at the [[1998 Commonwealth Games|1998 Games]], [[Disabled sports|disabled competitions]] were held in swimming, athletics, bowls, table tennis and weightlifting ([[powerlifting]]). The medals were added to the final tally for each nation.
== Participating teams ==
There were 72 participating countries, territories, and Commonwealth regions at the 2002 Commonwealth Games. In alphabetical order, these included:
{|
|valign=top width="230px"|
*{{flaglink|Anguilla|at the 2002 Commonwealth Games}}
*{{flaglink|Antigua and Barbuda|at the 2002 Commonwealth Games}}
*{{flaglink|Australia|at the 2002 Commonwealth Games}}
*{{flaglink|Bahamas|at the 2002 Commonwealth Games}}
*{{flaglink|Bangladesh|at the 2002 Commonwealth Games}}
*{{flaglink|Barbados|at the 2002 Commonwealth Games}}
*{{flaglink|Belize|at the 2002 Commonwealth Games}}
*{{flaglink|Bermuda|at the 2002 Commonwealth Games}}
*{{flaglink|Botswana|at the 2002 Commonwealth Games}}
*{{flaglink|British Virgin Islands|at the 2002 Commonwealth Games}}
*{{flaglink|Brunei|at the 2002 Commonwealth Games}}
*{{flaglink|Cameroon|at the 2002 Commonwealth Games}}
*{{flaglink|Canada|at the 2002 Commonwealth Games}}
*{{flaglink|Cayman Islands|at the 2002 Commonwealth Games}}
*{{flaglink|Cook Islands|at the 2002 Commonwealth Games}}
*{{flaglink|Cyprus|at the 2002 Commonwealth Games}}
*{{flaglink|Dominica|at the 2002 Commonwealth Games}}
*{{flaglink|England|at the 2002 Commonwealth Games}}
|valign=top width="230px"|
*{{flaglink|Falkland Islands|at the 2002 Commonwealth Games}}
*{{flaglink|Fiji|at the 2002 Commonwealth Games}}
*{{flaglink|Gambia|at the 2002 Commonwealth Games}}
*{{flaglink|Ghana|at the 2002 Commonwealth Games}}
*{{flaglink|Gibraltar|at the 2002 Commonwealth Games}}
*{{flaglink|Grenada|at the 2002 Commonwealth Games}}
*{{flaglink|Guernsey|at the 2002 Commonwealth Games}}
*{{flaglink|Guyana|at the 2002 Commonwealth Games}}
*{{flaglink|India|at the 2002 Commonwealth Games}}
*{{flaglink|Isle of Man|at the 2002 Commonwealth Games}}
*{{flaglink|Jamaica|at the 2002 Commonwealth Games}}
*{{flaglink|Jersey|at the 2002 Commonwealth Games}}
*{{flaglink|Kenya|at the 2002 Commonwealth Games}}
*{{flaglink|Kiribati|at the 2002 Commonwealth Games}}
*{{flaglink|Lesotho|at the 2002 Commonwealth Games|1987}}
*{{flaglink|Malawi|at the 2002 Commonwealth Games}}
*{{flaglink|Malaysia|at the 2002 Commonwealth Games}}
*{{flaglink|Maldives|at the 2002 Commonwealth Games}}
|valign=top width="230px"|
*{{flaglink|Malta|at the 2002 Commonwealth Games}}
*{{flaglink|Mauritius|at the 2002 Commonwealth Games}}
*{{flaglink|Montserrat|at the 2002 Commonwealth Games}}
*{{flaglink|Mozambique|at the 2002 Commonwealth Games}}
*{{flaglink|Namibia|at the 2002 Commonwealth Games}}
*{{flaglink|Nauru|at the 2002 Commonwealth Games}}
*{{flaglink|New Zealand|at the 2002 Commonwealth Games}}
*{{flaglink|Nigeria|at the 2002 Commonwealth Games}}
*{{flaglink|Niue|at the 2002 Commonwealth Games}}
*{{flaglink|Norfolk Island|at the 2002 Commonwealth Games}}
*{{flaglink|Northern Ireland|at the 2002 Commonwealth Games}}
*{{flaglink|Pakistan|at the 2002 Commonwealth Games}}
*{{flaglink|Papua New Guinea|at the 2002 Commonwealth Games}}
*{{flaglink|Saint Helena|at the 2002 Commonwealth Games}}
*{{flaglink|Saint Kitts and Nevis|at the 2002 Commonwealth Games}}
*{{flaglink|Saint Lucia|at the 2002 Commonwealth Games}}
*{{flaglink|Saint Vincent and the Grenadines|at the 2002 Commonwealth Games}}
*{{flaglink|Samoa|at the 2002 Commonwealth Games}}
|valign=top width="230px"|
*{{flaglink|Scotland|at the 2002 Commonwealth Games}}
*{{flaglink|Seychelles|at the 2002 Commonwealth Games}}
*{{flaglink|Sierra Leone|at the 2002 Commonwealth Games}}
*{{flaglink|Singapore|at the 2002 Commonwealth Games}}
*{{flaglink|Solomon Islands|at the 2002 Commonwealth Games}}
*{{flaglink|South Africa|at the 2002 Commonwealth Games}}
*{{flaglink|Sri Lanka|at the 2002 Commonwealth Games}}
*{{flaglink|Swaziland|at the 2002 Commonwealth Games}}
*{{flaglink|Tanzania|at the 2002 Commonwealth Games}}
*{{flaglink|Tonga|at the 2002 Commonwealth Games}}
*{{flaglink|Trinidad and Tobago|at the 2002 Commonwealth Games}}
*{{flaglink|Turks and Caicos Islands|at the 2002 Commonwealth Games}}
*{{flaglink|Tuvalu|at the 2002 Commonwealth Games}}
*{{flaglink|Uganda|at the 2002 Commonwealth Games}}
*{{flaglink|Vanuatu|at the 2002 Commonwealth Games}}
*{{flaglink|Wales|at the 2002 Commonwealth Games}}
*{{flaglink|Zambia|at the 2002 Commonwealth Games}}
*{{flaglink|Zimbabwe|at the 2002 Commonwealth Games}}
|}
==Queen's Jubilee Baton Relay==
The 2002 [[Queen's Baton Relay|Queen's Jubilee Baton Relay]], the continuation of a tradition that started with the [[1958 British Empire and Commonwealth Games|1958 Games]], consisted of the relay of an electronic baton, containing a personal message from [[Elizabeth II of the United Kingdom|Queen Elizabeth II]] across 23 Commonwealth nations. The relay culminated in the arrival of the baton at the City of Manchester Stadium, opening the Games. The speech was then removed electronically from the baton, and read by Her Majesty to open the Games.
The 2002 Baton itself was designed by a company called IDEO, and was constructed of machined [[aluminium]] with the handle plated for conductivity. It weighed 1.69 kg, reached over 710 mm, and was 42.5 mm to 85 mm in diameter. The Queen’s message itself was held in an aluminium capsule inserted into the top of the Baton. On either side of the Baton were two [[sterling silver]] coins, designed by [[Mappin and Webb]], which celebrated the City of Manchester as host of the XVII Commonwealth Games.
The Baton was also equipped with sensors that detected and monitored the Runner’s pulse rate. This information was then conveyed to a series of [[light-emitting diode]]s (LEDs), via a light behaviour module. The lens then transformed the LEDs into a shaft of bright blue pulsating light which synchronised with each new Runner. The hearts of the Runner and the Baton then beat as one until it was passed on, symbolising the journey of humanity and the essence of life.
The Queen's Jubilee Baton Relay passed through over 500 cities, towns and villages across the UK and the Baton was carried by 5,000 individuals, with each Runner carrying the Baton up to 500 yards, however on Saturday [[15 June]], the baton was snatched from a runners hand in the town of [[Connah's Quay]], [[Deeside]].
The UK Baton Runners were made up of people from all walks of life including athletes, celebrities and local heroes from all over the country. Around 2500 Jubilee Runners were nominated by the community to carry the Baton, because they made a special contribution to their community or achieved a personal goal against the odds.
The judging of the Jubilee Runners was conducted by a panel of judges under the supervision of The [[Duke of Edinburgh’s Award]] in [[January 2002]]. The relay was sponsored by [[Cadbury Schweppes]], a major UK confectionery and soft drinks manufacturer.
==Opening ceremony==
Five-time Olympic champion [[Sir Steve Redgrave]] got the two-and-a-quarter-hour opening ceremony underway by banging a huge drum, which initiated a huge co-ordinated dance and fireworks act.
The champion rower was joined on the stage by sporting stars including yachtswoman [[Ellen MacArthur]], heptathlete [[Denise Lewis]], long-distance runner [[Moses Kiptanui]], swimmer [[Susie O'Neill]] and sprinter [[Donovan Bailey]].
The [[Grenadier Guards]] shared the arena with pop band [[S Club]] and [[Salford]]-born opera singer [[Russell Watson]] sang the Games' theme, "[[Faith of the Heart]]", while the arrival of [[Elizabeth II of the United Kingdom|Her Majesty the Queen]] was greeted with a flypast by the [[Red Arrows]].
England football captain [[David Beckham]] helped chaperone Queen's Baton final runner [[Kirsty Howard]], assisting the terminally ill six-year-old to hand the baton to the Queen. A 4,000-strong cast took part in the £12m spectacular, which in theme and tone consisted of a mix of "pomp and pop", combining the ceremonial aspects of the Games with a party-style atmosphere, based around Manchester's reputation as the party city of "[[Madchester]]". The ceremony was voiced by broadcaster [[Anthony Davis]].
The traditional athletes' parade was led by previous hosts [[Malaysia]], and [[England]] brought up the rear before the Queen as the [[Head of the Commonwealth]], declared the Games open:
"All of us participating in this ceremony tonight, whether athletes or spectators, or those watching on television around the world, can share in the ideals of this unique association of nations,"
"We can all draw inspiration from what the Commonwealth stands for, our diversity as a source of strength, our tradition of tolerance...our focus on young people, for they are our future."
==Venues==
[[Image:City of Manchester Stadium 2002.jpg|thumb|right|The City of Manchester Stadium during the Games]]The Games' main venue was the [[City of Manchester Stadium]], which hosted all athletics events, the rugby sevens and the opening and closing ceremonies. The stadium was a downscaled version of that proposed during Manchester's bid for the [[2000 Summer Olympics bids|2000 Summer Olympics]]. Construction started in January 2000,<ref>{{cite web | title=City of Manchester Stadium| work=Centre for Accessible Environments| url=http://www.cae.org.uk/casemanchester.html| accessmonthday=July 22 | accessyear=2006 }}</ref> and was completed shortly before the Games. The cost was approximately £110 million, £77 million of which was provided by [[Sport England]], with the remainder funded by Manchester City Council.<ref name="legacy">{{cite web | title=City of Manchester Stadium| work=Commonwealth Games Legacy| url=http://www.gameslegacy.com/cgi-bin/index.cgi/30| accessmonthday=August 27 |accessyear=2006 }}</ref> For the Commonwealth Games the stadium featured a single lower tier running around three sides of the [[athletics (track and field)|athletics]] track, and second tiers to the two sides, with an open-air temporary stand at one end, giving an overall capacity of 38,000.<ref>{{cite book |last=James |first=Gary |title=Manchester City - The Complete Record |publisher=Breedon |location=Derby |date=2006 |id=ISBN 1-85983-512-0}} p105</ref> The stadium formed the centrepiece of an area known as ''[[Sportcity]]''. Other venues in Sportcity include the [[Manchester Velodrome]], which hosted cycling, and the £3.5m National Squash Centre, which was built specifically for the Games.<ref name="squashcentre">{{cite web | title=National Squash Centre| work=BBC| url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/manchester/content/articles/2005/09/21/national_squash_centre_venue_feature.shtml| accessmonthday=2 May |accessyear=2008 }}</ref>
Swimming and diving events took place at [[Manchester Aquatics Centre]], another purpose-built venue, and the only one in the United Kingdom with two 50m pools.<ref name="aquatics">{{cite web | title=Venue Guide: Manchester Aquatics Centre| work=BBC| url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport3/commonwealthgames2002/spl/venue_guide/html/aquatics_ctr.stm| accessmonthday=2 May |accessyear=2008 }}</ref>
== New records or other notable events ==
* Australian, [[Ian Thorpe]] set a world record in the 400 metre freestyle [[swimming]].
* [[England|English]] track athlete [[Paula Radcliffe]] won her first major gold medal in the 5,000 metres, to record a time of 14:31.42, over 20 seconds ahead of silver medallist [[Edith Masai]] of [[Kenya]] and 1 minute 21 seconds faster than the inaugural running of the event four years earlier.
* In the final of the 100 m for men ([[athletics (track and field)|athletics]]), the two [[England|English]] favourites ([[Dwain Chambers]] & [[Mark Lewis-Francis]]) both pulled up with injuries. The race was won by [[Kim Collins]] of [[Saint Kitts and Nevis]], winning the country's first Commonwealth title.
* [[Simon Whitfield]] of [[Canada]], the 2000 Olympic champion, won gold in the [[triathlon]].
* On the last day of track competition, England won gold in both the men's 4x100 and 4x400 relays by tiny margins, recording the same time (38.62) as the [[Jamaica]]n quartet in sprint relay and holding off a fast finishing [[Wales|Welsh]] team by 1/100th of a second in the longer race, with a winning time of 3:00.40.
* The women's 4x400 relay was won by Australia after the favoured Jamaican team dropped the baton.
* In winning the triple jump England's [[Jonathan Edwards (athlete)|Jonathan Edwards]] simultaneously held the World, Olympic, European and Commonwealth championships and the World record. He would lose the European title a week later in Munich.
* Another world record was set in the 4000 metre team pursuit at the [[track cycling]] by the Australian team. [[Scotland|Scot]] [[Chris Hoy]] took the [[individual time trial]] and 19-year old [[Nicole Cooke]] of Wales won the women's cycling road race.
* [[South Africa]]n swimmer [[Natalie du Toit]] created history. As well as winning her events in the newly-included [[disabled]] swimming event, the 18-year-old, missing the lower section of her left leg, made the final of the 800 metre able-bodied freestyle event in one of a small number of disabled sporting events integrated into the games.
*In gymnastics England's Beth Tweddle and Kanukai Jackson took gold in the [[asymmetric bars]] and all around events respectively. [[Herodotos Giorgallas]] also won the first gymnastics gold ever for [[Cyprus]] when tying with [[Scotland]]'s [[Steve Frew]].
==Medal table by country==
{| {{RankedMedalTable}}
|-
| 1 ||align=left| {{flaglink|Australia|at the 2002 Commonwealth Games}} || 82 || 62 || 63 || 207
|-
| 2 ||align=left| {{flaglink|England|at the 2002 Commonwealth Games}} || 54 || 52 || 60 || 166
|-
| 3 ||align=left| {{flaglink|Canada|at the 2002 Commonwealth Games}} || 31 || 41 || 46 || 118
|-
| 4 ||align=left| {{flaglink|India|at the 2002 Commonwealth Games}} || 30 || 22 || 17 || 69
|-
| 5 ||align=left| {{flaglink|New Zealand|at the 2002 Commonwealth Games}} || 11 || 13 || 21 || 45
|-
| 6 ||align=left| {{flaglink|South Africa|at the 2002 Commonwealth Games}} || 9 || 20 || 17 || 46
|-
| 7 ||align=left| {{flaglink|Cameroon|at the 2002 Commonwealth Games}} || 9 || 1 || 2 || 12
|-
| 8 ||align=left| {{flaglink|Malaysia|at the 2002 Commonwealth Games}} || 7 || 9 || 18 || 34
|-
| 9 ||align=left| {{flaglink|Wales|at the 2002 Commonwealth Games}} || 6 || 13 || 12 || 31
|-
| 10 ||align=left| {{flaglink|Scotland|at the 2002 Commonwealth Games}} || 6 || 8 || 16 || 30
|-
| 11 ||align=left| {{flaglink|Nigeria|at the 2002 Commonwealth Games}} || 5 || 3 || 11 || 19
|-
| 12 ||align=left| {{flaglink|Kenya|at the 2002 Commonwealth Games}} || 4 || 8 || 4 || 16
|-
| 13 ||align=left| {{flaglink|Jamaica|at the 2002 Commonwealth Games}} || 4 || 6 || 7 || 17
|-
| 14 ||align=left| {{flaglink|Singapore|at the 2002 Commonwealth Games}} || 4 || 2 || 7 || 13
|-
| 15 ||align=left| {{flaglink|Bahamas|at the 2002 Commonwealth Games}} || 4 || 0 || 4 || 8
|-
| 16 ||align=left| {{flaglink|Nauru|at the 2002 Commonwealth Games}} || 2 || 5 || 8 || 15
|-
| 17 ||align=left| {{flaglink|Northern Ireland|at the 2002 Commonwealth Games}} || 2 || 2 || 1 || 5
|-
| 18 ||align=left| {{flaglink|Cyprus|at the 2002 Commonwealth Games}} || 2 || 1 || 1 || 4
|-
| 19 ||align=left| {{flaglink|Pakistan|at the 2002 Commonwealth Games}} || 1 || 3 || 4 || 8
|-
|rowspan=2| 20 ||align=left| {{flaglink|Fiji|at the 2002 Commonwealth Games}} || 1 || 1 || 1 || 3
|-
|align=left| {{flaglink|Zambia|at the 2002 Commonwealth Games}} || 1 || 1 || 1 || 3
|-
| 22 ||align=left| {{flaglink|Zimbabwe|at the 2002 Commonwealth Games}} || 1 || 1 || 0 || 2
|-
| 23 ||align=left| {{flaglink|Namibia|at the 2002 Commonwealth Games}} || 1 || 0 || 4 || 5
|-
| 24 ||align=left| {{flaglink|Tanzania|at the 2002 Commonwealth Games}} || 1 || 0 || 1 || 2
|-
|rowspan=4| 25 ||align=left| {{flaglink|Bangladesh|at the 2002 Commonwealth Games}} || 1 || 0 || 0 || 1
|-
|align=left| {{flaglink|Guyana|at the 2002 Commonwealth Games}} || 1 || 0 || 0 || 1
|-
|align=left| {{flaglink|Mozambique|at the 2002 Commonwealth Games}} || 1 || 0 || 0 || 1
|-
|align=left| {{flaglink|Saint Kitts and Nevis|at the 2002 Commonwealth Games}} || 1 || 0 || 0 || 1
|-
| 29 ||align=left| {{flaglink|Botswana|at the 2002 Commonwealth Games}} || 0 || 2 || 1 || 3
|-
| 30 ||align=left| {{flaglink|Uganda|at the 2002 Commonwealth Games}} || 0 || 2 || 0 || 2
|-
| 31 ||align=left| {{flaglink|Samoa|at the 2002 Commonwealth Games}} || 0 || 1 || 2 || 3
|-
| 32 ||align=left| {{flaglink|Trinidad and Tobago|at the 2002 Commonwealth Games}} || 0 || 1 || 0 || 1
|-
|rowspan=7| 33 ||align=left| {{flaglink|Barbados|at the 2002 Commonwealth Games}} || 0 || 0 || 1 || 1
|-
|align=left| {{flaglink|Cayman Islands|at the 2002 Commonwealth Games}} || 0 || 0 || 1 || 1
|-
|align=left| {{flaglink|Ghana|at the 2002 Commonwealth Games}} || 0 || 0 || 1 || 1
|-
|align=left| {{flaglink|Lesotho|at the 2002 Commonwealth Games|1987}} || 0 || 0 || 1 || 1
|-
|align=left| {{flaglink|Malta|at the 2002 Commonwealth Games}} || 0 || 0 || 1 || 1
|-
|align=left| {{flaglink|Mauritius|at the 2002 Commonwealth Games}} || 0 || 0 || 1 || 1
|-
|align=left| {{flaglink|Saint Lucia|at the 2002 Commonwealth Games}} || 0 || 0 || 1 || 1
|-
!colspan=2| Total !! 282 !! 280 !! 336 !! 898
|}
==Cultureshock and Festival Live==
{{see|Cultureshock at the 2002 Commonwealth Games}}
[[Image:Manchester Mela2002.jpg|right|frame|Manchester Mela 2002]]
Cultureshock was the Commonwealth Games Cultural Programme which ran alongside the Games themselves. The events ranged from images of the athlete as hero in sculpture and photography ('''Go! Freeze''', which ran at Turton Tower in [[Bolton]]) to a [[Zulu]] performance at [[The Lowry]]. There was an exhibition at the [[Whitworth Art Gallery]] called '''Tales of Power: West African Textiles''', and a performance of the film [[Monsoon Wedding]] at [[Clwyd Theatr Cymru]]. The geographical range was from Cheshire in the south to Blackburn and Cumbria in the north, and included that year the various [[Mela]]s that take place around the region.
Cultureshock also ensured that a wide range of cultural events and acts reached the "man on the street", with the city centre of Manchester filled with bands, performers, and artists of various forms entertaining the thousands of visitors to the Games. It also coincided with the BBC's 2002 [[Festival Live]] series of open air concerts and celebrations around the country, held to celebrate the Queen's [[Golden Jubilee]].
==Closing ceremony==
The Queen ended 11 days of competition at a rain-drenched closing ceremony in the City of Manchester Stadium. She declared the Games closed in front of a {{formatnum:38000}} sell-out crowd gathered in the stadium.
She also called on the athletes to assemble again in four years in [[Melbourne]] and to continue displaying the "friendship" they had shown in Manchester. The ceremony, attended by [[Prime Minister]] [[Tony Blair]] and several other dignitaries, took place in pouring rain and like the opening ceremony, mixed "pomp with pop".
Australian Ian Thorpe, the star of the Games with his six swimming golds, carried his national flag into the arena, along with athletes from each of the other competing countries. Around {{formatnum:40000}} balloons were released into the rainy Manchester sky as the ceremony concluded with a spectacular fireworks display.
Closing ceremony highlights included:
*Children covering themselves with red, blue and white paint to portray a giant British flag before unveiling a giant portrait of the Queen as a Golden Jubilee gift.
*The athletes bringing their national flags into the stadium
*South African swimmer [[Natalie du Toit]] being honoured as the outstanding athlete of the Games.
*The symbolic handover of the [[Commonwealth Games Ceremonial Flag]] to [[Melbourne]], host city for the 2006 Games.
*A spectacular presentation with over {{formatnum:1700}} lanterns, which ended with the message 'Seek Peace' lit up in vast letters on the floor of the arena.
*[[Coronation Street]] stars Steve Arnold and Tracy Shaw (who played characters Ashley and Maxine Peacock) arriving in one of 40 [[Morris Minor]]s which became the centre of a song-and-dance showpiece.
*Hip-hop DJ [[Grandmaster Flash]] encouraging the massed ranks to "make some noise" as athletes and volunteers poured into the arena to music from the likes of [[Will Young]], [[David A. Stewart| Dave Stewart]], [[Heather Small]], [[Jimmy Cliff]] and [[Toploader]].
*Australian singer [[Vanessa Amorosi]] sang her signature tune, ''Shine'' and a song about the city of Melbourne, "I’ll always be a Melbourne girl" just as it began to pour with rain.
==Legacy and impact on host nation==
The legacy of the Manchester 2002 Commonwealth Games was widespread for the city and indeed the UK. The Games raised the reputation of Manchester worldwide, positioning it as a thriving, modern city, successfully regenerated from its industrial past.
In terms of infrastructure, the Games were the catalyst for the widespread redevelopment of the east of the city, an area which had remained derelict since the departure of heavy industry some decades before.
A new commercial centre for East Manchester, based around the stadium was created, known as SportCity. Legacy sporting facilities include the Northern Regional Tennis Centre, the [[National Squash Centre]], the [[City of Manchester Stadium]] for football, the [[Manchester Velodrome]] and facilities for athletics, as well as shops, supermarkets and new housing. Legacy facilities for aquatics, the [[Manchester Aquatics Centre]], and comprehensive upgrades of [[Belle Vue, Manchester|Belle Vue]] and [[Moss Side]] leisure centres serve their local communities.
Olympic president Jacques Rogge said the Games had gone a long way to restoring Britain's credibility in terms of hosting big sporting events.<ref>{{cite web | title =Rogge rules out joint Olympic bid | work =Commonwealth Games 2002| publisher =BBC Sport| date =2002-08-03 | url =http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport3/commonwealthgames2002/hi/features/newsid_2170000/2170208.stm | format =http | accessdate = 2008-05-01}}</ref> It has since been said that the success of the games was a major factor in reassuring the UK's sporting authorities and the government that the country could successfully stage major successful international sporting events and that, without them, [[London]]'s successful bid for the [[2012 Summer Olympics]] would not have come about.<ref>{{cite web | title =London 2012 Olympics | work =politics.co.uk| publisher = | date =2008-04-24 | url =http://www.politics.co.uk/reference/issue-briefs/domestic-policy/sport/london-2012-olympics/london-2012-olympics-$366671.htm | format =http | accessdate = 2008-05-02}}</ref><ref>{{cite web | title = England's Northwest set to reap rewards of 2012| work =Liverpool is European capital of culture| publisher= North west Development Agency | date =2006-01-13 | url =http://www.nwda.co.uk/news--events/press-releases/200601/england%E2%80%99s-northwest-set-to-rea.aspx | format =http | accessdate = 2008-05-02}}</ref>
[[Public house]]s and restaurants in Manchester reported a threefold increase in takings during the Games, and local tourism board [[Marketing Manchester]] estimate some {{formatnum:300000}} more visitors will come to the city each year as a result of its increased profile.<ref>{{cite web | title =Manchester games hailed a success | work =Commonwealth Games 2002| publisher =BBC Sport| date =2002-08-03 | url = http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport3/commonwealthgames2002/hi/front_page/newsid_2170000/2170044.stm | format =http | accessdate = 2008-05-02}}</ref>
It is estimated that by 2008 £600m has been invested in the region as a result of the Games and that about 20,000 jobs had been created. <ref>{{cite web | title =London 2012- what's in it for us? | work =Inside Out North West| publisher =BBC | date =2008-02-04 | url = http://www.bbc.co.uk/insideout/content/articles/2008/04/02/north_west_olympics_s13_w6_feature.shtml| format =http | accessdate = 2008-05-02}}</ref>
== References ==
{{Refimprove|date=May 2008}}
{{Reflist}}
==External links==
*[http://www.thecgf.com/games/intro.asp?yr=2002 Website by The Commonwealth Games Federation 2002]
*[http://m2002.thecgf.com/home/ Website by Manchester LTD. 2002]
*[http://www.gameslegacy.co.uk/ Commonwealth Games Legacy Manchester 2002]
*[http://www.bbc.co.uk/manchester/2002/index.shtml General BBC site]
*[http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport3/commonwealthgames2002/ BBC Sports]
{{Commonwealth Games Associations at the 2002 Commonwealth Games}}
{{Commonwealth Games years}}
[[Category:2002 Commonwealth Games| ]]
[[Category:2002 in multi-sport events|C]]
[[Category:Commonwealth Games]]
[[Category:Sport in Manchester]]
[[Category:History of Manchester]]
[[de:Commonwealth Games 2002]]
[[es:Juegos de la Mancomunidad de 2002]]
[[fr:Jeux du Commonwealth de 2002]]
[[ms:Sukan Komanwel 2002]]
[[nl:Gemenebestspelen 2002]]
[[ja:2002年コモンウェルスゲームズ]]
[[sv:Samväldesspelen 2002]]