40th parallel north
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{{unreferenced|date=July 2008}}
The '''40th parallel north''' is a [[circle of latitude]] that is 40 [[degree (angle)|degrees]] [[true north|north]] of the [[Earth|Earth's]] [[equator|equatorial plane]].
Starting at the [[Prime Meridian]] and heading eastwards, the parallel 40° north passes through:
:{| class="wikitable"
! Country, territory or sea
! Notes
|-
| {{ESP}}
|
|-
| style="background:#b0e0e6;" | [[Mediterranean Sea]]
| style="background:#b0e0e6;" |
|-
| {{ESP}}
| Island of [[Minorca]]
|-
| style="background:#b0e0e6;" | [[Mediterranean Sea]]
| style="background:#b0e0e6;" |
|-
| {{ITA}}
| Island of [[Sardinia]]
|-
| style="background:#b0e0e6;" | [[Mediterranean Sea]]
| style="background:#b0e0e6;" | [[Tyrrhenian Sea]]
|-
| {{ITA}}
|
|-
| style="background:#b0e0e6;" | [[Mediterranean Sea]]
| style="background:#b0e0e6;" | [[Gulf of Taranto]]
|-
| {{ITA}}
|
|-
| style="background:#b0e0e6;" | [[Mediterranean Sea]]
| style="background:#b0e0e6;" | [[Strait of Otranto]]
|-
| {{ALB}}
|
|-
| {{GRC}}
|
|-
| style="background:#b0e0e6;" | [[Aegean Sea]]
| style="background:#b0e0e6;" | Including the [[Kassandra, Chalkidiki|Kassandra]] and [[Sithonia]] peninsulas, and the island of [[Lemnos]] ({{GRC}})
|-
| {{TUR}}
|
|-
| {{ARM}}
|
|-
| {{AZE}}
| Including [[Nagorno-Karabakh]]
|-
| style="background:#b0e0e6;" | [[Caspian Sea]]
| style="background:#b0e0e6;" |
|-
| {{TKM}}
|
|-
| {{UZB}}
|
|-
| {{TJK}}
|
|-
| {{KGZ}}
|
|-
| {{TJK}}
|
|-
| {{KGZ}}
|
|-
| {{UZB}}
| [[Sokh]] [[exclave]] surrounded by {{KGZ}}
|-
| {{KGZ}}
|
|-
| {{UZB}}
| [[Shakhrimardan]] [[exclave]] surrounded by {{KGZ}}
|-
| {{KGZ}}
|
|-
| {{CHN}}
|
|-
| style="background:#b0e0e6;" | [[Yellow Sea]]
| style="background:#b0e0e6;" | [[Liaodong Bay]]
|-
| {{CHN}}
| [[Liaodong Peninsula]]
|-
| {{PRK}}
|
|-
| style="background:#b0e0e6;" | [[Sea of Japan]]
| style="background:#b0e0e6;" |
|-
| {{JPN}}
| Island of [[Honshū]]
|-
| style="background:#b0e0e6;" | [[Pacific Ocean]]
| style="background:#b0e0e6;" |
|-valign="top"
| {{USA}}
| [[California]]<br/
> [[Nevada]]<br/
> [[Utah]]<br/
> [[Colorado]]<br/
> [[Nebraska]] / [[Kansas]] border<br/
> [[Missouri]]<br/
> [[Illinois]]<br/
> [[Indiana]]<br/
> [[Ohio]]<br/
> [[West Virginia]]<br/
> [[Pennsylvania]]<br/
> [[New Jersey]]
|-
| style="background:#b0e0e6;" | [[Atlantic Ocean]]
| style="background:#b0e0e6;" |
|-
| {{PRT}}
|
|-
| {{ESP}}
|
|}
===United States===
The parallel 40° north forms the boundary between the [[Kansas|State of Kansas]] and [[Nebraska|State of Nebraska]]. On [[May 30]], [[1854]], the [[Kansas-Nebraska Act]] created the [[Territory of Kansas]] and the [[Territory of Nebraska]] divided by the parallel 40° north. Both territories were required to determine for themselves whether to permit [[slavery]]. Open conflict between [[free state|free-state]] and [[slave state|pro-slavery]] forces in the Kansas Territory led to the [[American Civil War]].
The parallel 40° north formed the original northern boundary of the [[British monarchy|British]] [[Maryland#History|Colony of Maryland]]. A subsequent [[British monarchy|royal]] grant gave the [[Pennsylvania#History|Colony of Pennsylvania]] land north of the [[parallel 39° north]]. The [[Mason-Dixon Line]] was drawn between [[1763]] and [[1767]] as the compromise boundary between the overlapping claims of these two colonies.
The parallel 40° north passes through the cities of [[Philadelphia, Pennsylvania]] and [[Columbus, Ohio]]; as well as northern suburbs of [[Indianapolis, Indiana]] and [[Denver, Colorado]]. The parallel goes directly through the [[Port Columbus International Airport]], with runway 10L-28R lying immediately north of the line, runway 10R-28L lying slightly south of it, and the line going through the northernmost edges of the terminal.
[[Baseline Road (Colorado)|Baseline Road]] in [[Boulder, Colorado]] traces the parallel 40° north.
[[Category:Lines of latitude]]
[[Category:Boundaries of U.S. states]]
[[Category:Geographic history of the United States]]
[[fr:40e parallèle nord]]
[[ja:北緯40度線]]