773 Irmintraud
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2008-06-19T14:53:55Z
Lilac Soul
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Formating fixes using [[Wikipedia:WikiProject User scripts/Scripts/Formatter]]
{{Infobox Planet
|width = 25em
|name = 773 Irmintraud
|background = #FFFFC0
|discoverer = [[Franz Kaiser]]
|discovered = [[December 22]], [[1913]]
|discovery_site = [[Landessternwarte Heidelberg-Königstuhl|Heidelberg]]
|mp_name = Irmintraud
|mp_category = Asteroid
|alt_names = 1913 TV
|orbit_ref =
|epoch = [[August 18]], [[2005]] ([[Julian day|JDCT]] 2453600.5)
|aphelion = 3.090 [[Astronomical unit|AU]]
|perihelion = 2.625 [[Astronomical unit|AU]]
|semimajor = 2.858 [[Astronomical unit|AU]]
|eccentricity = 0.081
|period = 4.831 [[Julian year (astronomy)|a]]
|avg_speed = <!--(Average orbital speed)-->
|inclination = 16.679°
|asc_node = 322.477°
|mean_anomaly = 121.470°
|arg_peri = 334.332°
|satellites =
|dimensions =
|mass =
|density =
|surface_grav = <!--(Equatorial surface gravity)-->
|escape_velocity =
|sidereal_day =
|axial_tilt =
|pole_ecliptic_lat = <!--(Pole ecliptic latitude)-->
|pole_ecliptic_lon = <!--(Pole ecliptic longitude)-->
|albedo =
|temp_name1 =
|mean_temp_1 =
|max_temp_1 =
|temp_name2 =
|max_temp_2 =
|spectral_type =
|abs_magnitude = <!--(Absolute magnitude)-->
}}
'''773 Irmintraud''' is a [[minor planet]] that travels between the [[planet]]s [[Mars]] and [[Jupiter]] to orbit the [[Sun]] with a [[prograde]] motion.<ref>[[NASA]] (12 Jun 2008) ''[http://starbrite.jpl.nasa.gov/pds/viewTargetProfile.jsp?TARGET_NAME=773%20IRMINTRAUD Plantary Data System.]'' Accessed June 12, 2008.</ref> Discovered by German [[astronomer]] [[Franz Kaiser]] at [[Heidelberg, Germany]] on [[December 22]], [[1913]], the planetoid was named for Irmtraud, an old German woman's name that appears frequently in old songs and [[sagas]].<ref name="dictionary">Schmadel, Lutz D. (2003) ''[http://books.google.com/books?id=KWrB1jPCa8AC&pg=RA1-PA73&dq=773+Irmintraud&sig=0MNn_uQT9u_Nypgokb4EMjqHjeU Dictionary of Minor Planet Names.]'' Page 73. Publisher: [[Springer Science+Business Media|Springer]]. ISBN 3540002383</ref> This [[D-type asteroid]] was the [[List of asteroids/1%E2%80%931000#701|773rd minor planet]] discovered after the [[January 1]], [[1801]] citing of [[Ceres (dwarf planet)|1 Ceres]] and its previous designation was 1913 TV.<ref>Warner, Brian D. (2006) The Minor Planet Observer and the [[Palmer Divide|Palmer Divide Observatory]] ''[http://www.minorplanetobserver.com/pdolc/773_Irmintraud.htm 773 Irmintraud].</ref> The 773 Irmintraud asteroid is a likely source of the [[Tagish Lake meteorite]] that impacted Canada on January 18, 2000.<ref name="sample">Hiroi, Takahiro, et al. (September 21, 2001) [[Science (journal)|Science]] ''[http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/abstract/293/5538/2234 The Tagish Lake Meteorite: A Possible Sample from a D-Type Asteroid.]'' Volume 293; Issue 5538; Page 2234.</ref>
==History==
On December 22, 1913, German [[astronomer]] [[Franz Kaiser]] discovered 773 Irmintraud at [[Heidelberg, Germany]].<ref name="dictionary"/>
In 1992, [[Larry Lebofsky|Larry A. Lebofsky]] and colleagues published an article in which they noted that "unaltered asteroids are thought to represent the raw materials available for terrestrial planet formation and so are important to our understanding of the origin and evolution of the Solar System."<ref name="albedo">Lebofsky, Larry A. (1992) [[NASA Scientific and Technical Information Program Office|NASA Technical Reports Server.]] ''[http://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/19920001612_1992001612.pdf An Infrared Reflectance Study of Low Albedo Surface Constituents.]'' N92-10830.</ref> Since at least 1980, it was believed that D-type asteroids were unaltered asteroids, ultraprimitive in composition and composed largely of [[hydrated silicates]] and organic material.<ref name="albedo"/> However, in analyzing the spectra of 773 Irmintraud for the [[water of hydration band]] (the 3-[[micrometre|µm]] absorption feature of hydrated silicates), Lebofsky discovered the first D-type asteroid to show the water of hydration band on the surface of the asteroid.<ref name="albedo"/> Lebofsky concluded that 773 Irmintraud had undergone an alteration process typically seen [[C-type asteroid]], making 773 Irmintraud and perhaps other D-type asteroids less likely to represent the raw materials available for terrestrial planet formation.<ref name="albedo"/> In addition, the discovery of water of hydration band on 773 Irmintraud meant that there may be major differences in mineralogy within individual type classification and astronomers must be careful in assuming that the C-, D-, and other type classification relate directly to mineralogy.<ref name="albedo"/>
In 1997, [[NASA]] added 773 Irmintraud and eventually over one million other names to a microchip placed onboard the [[Stardust (spacecraft)|Stardust spacecraft]] that launched February 7, 1999.<ref name="stardust">[[NASA]] (July 16, 2001) ''[http://stardust.jpl.nasa.gov/overview/microchip/names2i2.html Microchip Names (I).]'' Accessed June 12, 2008.</ref> Placing the names onto the Stardust spacecraft was a public outreach effort.<ref name="stardust"/> In particular, this served to promote public interest, awareness and support of the space program.<ref name="stardust"/>
[[Image:773 Irmintraud preliminary spectrum.JPG|left|220px|thumb|<center>[[Absorption spectroscopy|Preliminary spectrum]] graph of asteroid 773 Irmintraud, a [[Asteroid belt|main belt]] [[D-type asteroid]] that appears to show the presence of a 3-µm wavelength [[Water of crystallization|water of hydration]] band.</center>]]
In September 2001, there was speculation that [[Tagish Lake meteorite]] that impacted [[British Columbia]], [[Canada]] on January 18, 2000 was derived from a [[D-type asteroid]] since the spectral shape and brightness of the meteorite was similar to D-type asteroids.<ref name="sample"/> Of the three studied, the 0.032 [[IRAS]] [[albedo]]s (8) of [[368 Haidea]] and the 0.033 IRAS albedos (8) of 773 Irmintraud are both considered close to the reflectance of the Tagish Lake meteorite.<ref name="sample"/> Moreover, even though 368 Haidea was closest [[Spectral signature|spectrally]] to the Tagish Lake meteorite, 773 Irmintraud was no more than 0.034 [[Astronomical unit|astronomic units]] to a [[chaotic zone]] associated with one of the [[Kirkwood gap|Kirkwood Gaps]] due to the mean motion [[Orbital resonance|resonance]] with [[Jupiter]].<ref name="sample"/> This made 773 Irmintraud the closest of the three candidates to the associated chaotic zone and thus the most likely of the three as the source of the 2000 Earth impacted meteorite.<ref name="sample"/>
The idea that humans held a piece of the asteroid 773 Irmintraud spurred others to act. In 2002, the [[University of Tokyo]] performed [[Photometry (astronomy)|near-infrared photometric]] and [[Spectroscopy|spectroscopic]] observations of 773.<ref name="Tokyo">Ai, Kanno. (2002) [[Astronomical Herald]] ''[http://sciencelinks.jp/j-east/article/200221/000020022102A0834926.php Photometric and Near-IR Spectroscopic observations of a D-type asteroid, (773) Irmintraud, by SUBARU/IRCS.]'' VOL.95; NO.11; PAGE.507-514. Accession number: 02A0834926; Japanese language Journal Code: F0543A; ISSN 0374-2466</ref> In addition, the University obtained an accurate lightcurve in Japan through [[Photometry (optics)|visible photometry]] and ultimately found a gap between [[K band#Infrared astronomy K band|K]]- and [[L band#Physics issues relating to band use|L]]- band spectra.<ref name="Tokyo"/> From this, the University concluded that results support the idea that Tagish Lake meteorite has a link with D-type asteroids.<ref name="Tokyo"/>
On May 22, 2007 06:07 UT, Irmintraud [[Occultation|occulted]] [[Hipparcos Catalogue|TYC]] 4908-00263-1, a 10.7 mag star in the constellation [[Sextans]], for observers along a path across New Zealand.<ref>Preston, Steve. (May 19, 2007) asteroidoccultation.com ''[http://www.asteroidoccultation.com/2007_05/0522_773_8584.htm (773) Irmintraud / TYC 4908-00263-1 event on 2007 May 22, 06:07 UT]'' Accessed June 11, 2008.</ref>
==References==
{{Reflist}}
==External links==
* [http://cfa-www.harvard.edu/iau/lists/NumberedMPs.txt Discovery Circumstances: Numbered Minor Planets]
* [http://pdsproto.jpl.nasa.gov/catalog/target/Results.CFM?resultsselbox=773%20IRMINTRAUD NASA Target Catalog Information]
{{MinorPlanets Navigator|772 Tanete|774 Armor}}
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[[Category:Asteroids named for people]]
[[Category:D-type asteroids]]
[[Category:Main Belt asteroids]]
[[Category:Natural history of British Columbia]]
[[Category:Natural history of Yukon]]
[[Category:Stardust (spacecraft)]]
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