Oppenheim
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2008-03-20T22:39:14Z
DoriSmith
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Revert to revision 195191536 dated 2008-03-01 21:38:17 by MalafayaBot using [[:en:Wikipedia:Tools/Navigation_popups|popups]]
{{otheruses}}
{{Infobox German Location
|Name = Oppenheim
|Art = Stadt
|Wappen = Oppenheim coat of arms.png
|lat_deg = 49 |lat_min = 51 |lat_sec = 20
|lon_deg = 08 |lon_min = 21 |lon_sec = 37
|Lageplan =
|Bundesland = Rheinland-Pfalz
|Landkreis = Mainz-Bingen
|Verbandsgemeinde = Nierstein-Oppenheim
|Höhe = 100
|Fläche = 7.09
|Einwohner = 6854<!-- Bitte nicht per Hand aktualisieren: [[Wikipedia:WikiProjekt_Kommunen_und_Landkreise_in_Deutschland/Einwohnerzahlen]] -->
|Stand = 2006-12-31
|PLZ = 55276
|Vorwahl = 06133
|Kfz = MZ
|Gemeindeschlüssel = 07 3 39 049
|Adresse-Verband = Sant' -Ambrogio-Ring 33<br />55276 Oppenheim
|Website = [http://www.stadt-oppenheim.de/ www.stadt-oppenheim.de]
|Bürgermeister = Markus Held
|Partei = SPD
}}
'''Oppenheim''' is a small town (about 7000 inhabitants) on the [[Upper Rhine]] ([[Rheinhessen]]), between [[Mainz]] and [[Worms, Germany|Worms]]. It is in the county of [[Mainz-Bingen]] in [[Rheinland-Pfalz]] and belongs to the [[Nierstein-Oppenheim]] ''[[Verbandsgemeinde]]'' (an administrative unit).
==History==
Oppenheim became prominent during the [[Hohenstaufen]] period because of its regional castle and its governors.
It only became an [[Imperial Free City]] in the [[13th century]]; in the [[14th century]], the town was pledged to the [[Mainz]] palatinate (''Kurmainz''). From [[1398]] Oppenheim belonged to the palatinate of [[Kurpfalz]]. This lasted until [[1797]]. After belonging to [[France]], in [[1816]] Oppenheim became part of the Landgraviate of [[Landgraviate of Hesse-Darmstadt|Hesse-Darmstadt]]. The town remain part of [[Hesse]] until [[1945]].
In March [[1945]] American troops succeeded in crossing the [[Rhein]] near Oppenheim.
===Sister cities===
*{{flagicon|France}} '''[[Givry]]''', [[France]]
*{{flagicon|Austria}} '''[[Adnet]]''', [[Austria]]
*{{flagicon|Germany}} '''[[Werder (Havel)]]''', [[Germany]]
*{{flagicon|Spain}} '''[[Calpe]]''', [[Spain]]
*{{flagicon|Italy}} '''[[Sant'Ambrogio di Valpolicella]]''', [[Italy]]
==Culture and Attractions==
Some popular landmarks are the [[Gothic architecture|Gothic]] ''Katharinenkirche'' (St. Katherine's Church) with its stained-glass windows, including the famous "Oppenheim Rose"; the Landskron ruins with their lovely view of the [[Rhine rift]] and a summer festival; the old town and its clocktower; the German Viticultural Museum (''Weinbaumuseum''), and the marketplace.
The unusual Oppenheim medieval underground labyrinth is one of the largest systems in the world. It is only accessible by guided tour; informational literature is located on the [[market square]].
*[http://www.mainz-bingen-foto.de/pages/Oppenheim Photographs of Oppenheim at mainz-bingen-foto.de]
==People from Oppenheim==
* [[Matthäus Merian]] ([[engraver]])
* [[Anton Praetorius]] [[priest]] in Oppenheim (1589-1592), fought against [[witch trial]]s and [[torture]]
* [[Friedrich Koch]] ([[pharmacist]], inventor of factory-produced [[quinine]])
* [[Paul Wallot]], German [[architect]] and the designer of the [[Reichstag (building)|Reichstag]] in [[Berlin]]
* [[Johanna Senfter]], [[composer]]
==References==
* Much of this article was translated from the [[:de:Oppenheim|German language article]] of the same name, Feb. 2006 version.
==External links==
* [http://www.stadt-oppenheim.de/ Town homepage]
* [http://www.wein-wg.de/wwg/rheinhessen/oppenheim/ Vineyards in Oppenheim]
* [http://www.dwb-museum.de/ German Viticultural Museum]
* [http://www.jewishencyclopedia.com/view.jsp?artid=86&letter=O Jewish Encyclopedia]
[[Category:Historic Jewish communities|Oppenheim]]
{{Cities and towns in Mainz-Bingen (district)}}
[[de:Oppenheim]]
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[[nl:Oppenheim (Duitsland)]]
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[[ro:Oppenheim]]
[[ru:Оппенхайм]]
[[vo:Oppenheim]]
[[zh:奧本海姆]]