Optical physics
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2007-09-12T04:01:40Z
Srleffler
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'''Optical physics''', or '''optical science''', is a subfield of [[atomic, molecular, and optical physics]]. It is the study of the generation of [[electromagnetic radiation]], the properties of that radiation, and the interaction of that radiation with [[matter]], especially its manipulation and control. It differs from general [[optics]] and [[optical engineering]] in that it is focused on the discovery and application of new phenomena. There is no strong distinction, however, between optical physics, applied optics, and optical engineering, since the devices of optical engineering and the applications of applied optics are necessary for basic research in optical physics, and that research leads to the development of new devices and applications. Often the same people are involved in both the basic research and the applied technology development.
Researchers in optical physics use and develop light sources that span the [[electromagnetic spectrum]] from [[microwave]]s to [[X-ray]]s. The field includes the generation and detection of light, linear and [[nonlinear optics|nonlinear]] optical processes, and [[spectroscopy]]. [[Laser]]s and [[laser spectroscopy]] have transformed optical science. Major study in optical physics is also devoted to [[quantum optics]] and [[Coherence (physics)|coherence]], and to [[femtosecond]] optics. In optical physics, support is also provided in areas such as the nonlinear response of isolated atoms to intense, ultra-short electromagnetic fields, the atom-cavity interaction at high fields, and quantum properties of the electromagnetic field.
Other important areas of research include the development of novel optical techniques for nano-optical measurements, [[diffractive optics]], [[low-coherence interferometry]], [[optical coherence tomography]], and [[near-field microscopy]]. Research in optical physics places an emphasis on ultrafast optical science and technology. The applications of optical physics create advancements in [[telecommunication|communications]], [[medicine]], [[manufacturing]], and even [[entertainment]].
==See also==
{{portal|Physics}}
*[[Diffraction]]
*[[Interferometry]]
*[[Nonlinear optics]]
*[[Photonics]]
*[[Quantum optics]]
[[Category:Atomic, molecular, and optical physics]]
[[Category:Optics]]