Orange juice 52824 225598764 2008-07-14T14:14:43Z Muad 856747 [[WP:UNDO|Undid]] revision 225036014 by [[Special:Contributions/68.1.105.4|68.1.105.4]] ([[User talk:68.1.105.4|talk]]) {{otheruses}} [[Image:Orange juice 1 edit1.jpg|right|thumb|A typical glass of pulp-free orange juice.]] [[Image:Bloodorange1.jpg|right|thumb|A glass of [[Sanguinello]] [[blood orange]] juice.]] '''Orange juice''' is a [[fruit juice]] obtained by squeezing, pressing or otherwise crushing the interior of an [[Orange (fruit)|orange]]. The largest producer and [[export]]er of orange juice is [[Brazil]], with 80% of the world's production, followed by the [[United States]].<ref>{{cite web | publisher = BBC | title = Brazil feels the squeeze in juice war | url = http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/business/5357866.stm | accessdate = 2008-05-29 }}</ref> A single orange will typically produce about 90 grams of juice. Freshly squeezed orange juice has a typically acidic citrus taste, but is generally considerably sweeter than the juice of lemons or limes. {{Fact|date=December 2007}} Besides water and sugar, it is an excellent source of [[vitamin C]] ([[ascorbic acid]]) and [[potassium]]. It is also an important natural source of [[folic acid]] ([[B vitamins|Vitamin B<sub>9</sub>]]), which is recommended for women who are pregnant or may become pregnant.<ref>{{cite web | publisher = Mayo Clinic | title = Folate (folic acid) | url = http://www.mayoclinic.com/health/folate/NS_patient-folate | accessdate = 2007-01-16 }}</ref> Citrus juices contain [[flavonoid]]s that are believed to have beneficial health effects. However, if drunk on an empty stomach, orange juice can exacerbate present gastro-intestinal conditions and/or cause mild and temporary stomach upset. Due to the citric acid, orange juice typically has a [[pH]] of 3.5.<ref>{{cite web | publisher = British Soft Drinks Association | title = Acids | url = http://www.britishsoftdrinks.com/htm/qa/AdditivesIngredients/acids/acids.htm | accessdate = 2006-09-12}}</ref> Drinking, or sipping, orange juice over a long period of time can therefore potentially erode tooth enamel. Typically, orange juice is drunk in the morning with breakfast and also accounts for 1 of 5 pieces of fruit a day with every 200ml drunk. ==Commercial orange juice and concentrate== Refrigerated juice shipped in liquid form is traded between producers as ''direct juice''. In the USA all commercial orange juice is [[pasteurized]]. Some refrigerated fresh juice is sold to consumers. In the U.S., [[Canada]] and the [[United Kingdom|U.K.]] it is labeled "not from [[concentrate]]". ===Frozen orange juice concentrate=== Freshly squeezed juice and filtered orange juice is pasteurized and is evaporated under [[vacuum]] and heat to remove most of the water before it is frozen. This process strips out certain essences and oils. The concentrated juice, about 65° [[brix]], is then stored at about +10°F (-12°C). At this point essences and oils (recovered during the vacuum concentration process) are added back to restore the flavor. To make cans of frozen concentrate for sale, filtered water is added back to bring the brix level down to 42° (about 3 times more concentrated than fresh juice). When water is added to freshly-unfrozen concentrated orange juice, it is ''reconstituted''. Most of orange juice sold today throughout the world is reconstituted juice. There is a huge difference in the volume of frozen concentrated orange juice and unprocessed juice and this makes a difference in the price the consumer is charged. Orange juice containing pulp seems to be more nutritious than no-pulp varieties because of the flavonoids contained in the pulp.<ref>{{cite web | publisher = World's Healthiest Foods | title = Is fruit juice as good as whole fruit | url = http://www.whfoods.com/genpage.php?tname=george&dbid=74 | accessdate = 2007-04-13 }}</ref> The major commodity exchanges, including the [[New York Board of Trade]] and the [[Brazilian Mercantile and Futures Exchange]], sell futures on frozen orange juice concentrate. ===Canned orange juice=== A small fraction of fresh orange juice is [[canned]]. Canned orange juice does retain [[Vitamin C]] better than bottled juice. However, the canned product loses flavor when stored at room temperature for over 12 weeks.<ref>Yiu H. Hui, József Barta ''Handbook of Fruits and Fruit Processing.'' Blackwell Publishing, 2006. p. 327.</ref> ===Additives=== Some producers add [[citric acid]] or ascorbic acid to juice beyond what is naturally found in the orange. Some also include other nutrients such as [[calcium]] and [[Vitamin D]], not found naturally in oranges. Reduced-acid varieties of orange juice are also marketed. ==References== <references /> ==External links== *[http://www.ultimatecitrus.com/oj.html How orange juice is made and its different types] *[http://www.floridamemory.com/PhotographicCollection/VideoFilm2/video.cfm?VID=6 Bottled Sunshine... A Juicy Story] Brief film clip of orange juice processing from 1968. From the State Library & Archives of Florida. {{commons|Orange juice}} [[Category:Breakfast foods]] [[Category:Fruit juice]] [[Category:Florida culture]] [[Category:Symbols of Florida]] [[da:Appelsinjuice]] [[de:Orangensaft]] [[es:Zumo de naranja]] [[fr:Jus d'orange]] [[gl:Zume de laranxa]] [[ko:오렌지 주스]] [[id:Sari buah jeruk]] [[is:Appelsínusafi]] [[it:Succo d'arancia]] [[he:מיץ תפוזים]] [[nl:Sinaasappelsap]] [[ja:オレンジジュース]] [[no:Appelsinjuice]] [[pt:Suco de laranja]] [[sco:Oranger juice]] [[fi:Appelsiinimehu]] [[th:น้ำส้ม]] [[vls:Seenappelsap]] [[yi:מאראנצן זאפט]] [[zh:橙汁]]