Oreochromis
4048662
201327736
2008-03-27T14:34:52Z
SmackBot
433328
Date the maintenance tags or general fixes
{{Taxobox | name = ''Oreochromis''
| image= Oreochromis mossambicus by NPS.jpg
| image_caption= [[Mozambique tilapia]]<br/>(''Oreochromis mossambicus'')
| image_width = 220px
| regnum = [[Animal]]ia
| phylum = [[Chordata]]
| classis = [[Actinopterygii]]
| ordo = [[Perciformes]]
| familia = [[Cichlidae]]
| subfamilia = [[Pseudocrenilabrinae]]
| tribus = [[Tilapiini]]
| genus = '''''Oreochromis'''''
| genus_authority = [[Albert C. L. G. Günther|Günther]], [[1889]]
| type_species = ''Oreochromis hunteri''
| type_species_authority = Günther, 1889
| subdivision_ranks = [[Species]]
| subdivision =
Over 30 (but see text)
}}
'''''Oreochromis''''' is a large [[genus]] of [[tilapiine]] [[cichlid]]s, [[fish]]es [[endemic (ecology)|endemic]] to Africa. Members of this genus, as well as those of the genera ''[[Tilapia (genus)|Tilapia]]'' and ''[[Sarotherodon]]'', share the [[Common name#Biological common names|common name]] "[[tilapia]]".
The genus contains more than 30 [[species]], and numerous undescribed forms exist. Judging from [[mtDNA]] [[DNA sequence|sequence]] analysis, there seem to be several [[clade]]s. In addition, some species (such as ''[[Oreochromis urolepis]]'' and the [[Blue tilapia]] ''O. aureus'') seem closer to ''Sarotherodon'' according to the mtDNA data. Research is hampered by the fact that [[Hybrid (biology)|hybridization]] runs rampant in these fishes, which confounds mtDNA data (see discussion at [[Wami tilapia]]), and that the fast speed of [[evolution]] makes choice of appropriate [[nuclear DNA]] sequences difficult.(Nagl ''et al.'' 2001)
==Species==
* ''[[Oreochromis amphimelas]]''
* ''[[Oreochromis andersonii]]'' <small>(Castelnau, 1861){{Verify source|date=March 2008}}<!-- verify parentheses --></small> – [[Three-spotted tilapia]]
* ''[[Oreochromis angolensis]]'' <small>(Trewavas, 1973){{Verify source|date=March 2008}}<!-- verify parentheses --></small>
* ''[[Oreochromis aureus]]'' <small>(Steindachner, 1864){{Verify source|date=March 2008}}<!-- verify parentheses --></small> – [[Blue tilapia]]
* ''[[Oreochromis chungruruensis]]''
* ''[[Oreochromis esculentus]]'' – [[Singida tilapia]]
* ''[[Oreochromis hunteri]]'' – [[Lake Chala tilapia]]
* ''[[Oreochromis ismailiaensis]]'' <small>Mekkawy, 1995{{Verify source|date=March 2008}}<!-- + parentheses? --></small>
* ''[[Oreochromis jipe]]'' – [[Jipe tilapia]]
* ''[[Oreochromis karomo]]'' – [[Karomo]]
* ''[[Oreochromis karongae]]''
* ''[[Oreochromis korogwe]]'' – [[Korogwe tilapia]]
* ''[[Oreochromis lepidurus]]'' <small>(Boulenger, 1899){{Verify source|date=March 2008}}<!-- verify parentheses --></small>
* ''[[Oreochromis leucostictus]]''
* ''[[Oreochromis lidole]]''
* ''[[Oreochromis macrochir]]'' <small>(Boulenger, 1912){{Verify source|date=March 2008}}<!-- verify parentheses --></small> – [[Longfin tilapia]]
* ''[[Oreochromis malagarasi]]'' <small>Trewavas, 1983{{Verify source|date=March 2008}}<!-- + parentheses? --></small>
* ''[[Oreochromis mortimeri]]'' <small>(Trewavas, 1983){{Verify source|date=March 2008}}<!-- verify parentheses --></small> – [[Kariba tilapia]]
* ''[[Oreochromis mossambicus]]'' – [[Mozambique tilapia]]
* ''[[Oreochromis mweruensis]]''
* ''[[Oreochromis niloticus]]'' – [[Nile tilapia]]
* ''[[Oreochromis pangani]]''
** ''[[Oreochromis pangani girigan]]'' <small>(Lowe, 1955){{Verify source|date=March 2008}}<!-- verify parentheses --></small>
** ''[[Oreochromis pangani pangani]]''
* ''[[Oreochromis placidus]]'' <small>(Trewavas, 1941){{Verify source|date=March 2008}}<!-- verify parentheses --></small>
** ''[[Oreochromis placidus placidus]]'' – [[Black tilapia]]
** ''[[Oreochromis placidus ruvumae]]'' <small>(Trewavas, 1966){{Verify source|date=March 2008}}<!-- verify parentheses --></small>
* ''[[Oreochromis rukwaensis]]'' – [[Lake Rukwa tilapia]]
* ''[[Oreochromis saka]]'' <small>(Lowe, 1953){{Verify source|date=March 2008}}<!-- verify parentheses --></small>
* ''[[Oreochromis salinicola]]'' <small>(Poll, 1948){{Verify source|date=March 2008}}<!-- verify parentheses --></small>
* ''[[Oreochromis schwebischi]]'' <small>(Sauvage, 1884){{Verify source|date=March 2008}}<!-- verify parentheses --></small>
* ''[[Oreochromis shiranus]]'' <small>Boulenger, 1897{{Verify source|date=March 2008}}<!-- + parentheses? --></small>
** ''[[Oreochromis shiranus chilwae]]'' <small>(Trewavas, 1966){{Verify source|date=March 2008}}<!-- verify parentheses --></small> – [[Chilwa tilapia]]
** ''[[Oreochromis shiranus shiranus]]''
* ''[[Oreochromis spilurus]]'' <small>(Günther, 1894){{Verify source|date=March 2008}}<!-- verify parentheses --></small>
** ''[[Oreochromis spilurus niger]]'' <small>Günther, 1894{{Verify source|date=March 2008}}<!-- + parentheses? --></small> – [[Athi River tilapia]]
** ''[[Oreochromis spilurus percivali]]'' <small>(Boulenger, 1912){{Verify source|date=March 2008}}<!-- verify parentheses --></small> – [[Buffalo Springs tilapia]]
** ''[[Oreochromis spilurus spilurus]]'' – [[Sabaki tilapia]]
* ''[[Oreochromis squamipinnis]]''
* ''[[Oreochromis tanganicae]]''
* ''[[Oreochromis upembae]]'' <small>(Thys van den Audenaerde, 1964){{Verify source|date=March 2008}}<!-- verify parentheses --></small>
* ''[[Oreochromis urolepis]]'' <small>(Norman, 1922){{Verify source|date=March 2008}}<!-- verify parentheses --></small>
** ''[[Oreochromis urolepis hornorum]]'' – [[Wami tilapia]]
** ''[[Oreochromis urolepis urolepis]]'' <small>(Norman, 1922){{Verify source|date=March 2008}}<!-- verify parentheses --></small> – [[Rufigi tilapia]]
* ''[[Oreochromis variabilis]]'' – [[Victoria tilapia]]
==References==
{{commonscat}}
* {{FishBase genus | genus = Oreochromis | month = October | year = 2006}}
* {{aut|Nagl, Sandra; Tichy, Herbert; Mayer, Werner E.; Samonte, Irene E.; McAndrew, Brendan J. & Klein, Jan}} (2001): Classification and Phylogenetic Relationships of African Tilapiine Fishes Inferred from Mitochondrial DNA Sequences. ''Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution'' '''20'''(3): 361–374. <small>{{doi|10.1006/mpev.2001.0979}}</small>
[[Category:Cichlidae]]
[[Category:Fish of Africa]]
{{Tilapiini-stub}}
[[fr:Oreochromis]]
[[pl:Oreochromis]]
[[vi:Oreochromis]]