Oskar Minkowski 1949328 225819691 2008-07-15T15:33:04Z 207.127.241.2 {{Infobox Scientist |name = Oskar Minkowsk |box_width = |image = No_free_image_man_%28en%29.svg |image_width = 150px |caption = |birth_date = [[January 13]] [[1858]] |birth_place = [[Kaunas]], [[Lithuania]] |death_date = [[July 18]] [[1931]] |death_place = [[Mecklenburg-Strelitz]], [[Germany]] |residence = |citizenship = |nationality = |ethnicity = |field = |work_institutions = [[University of Breslau]] |alma_mater = |doctoral_advisor = |doctoral_students = |known_for = [[pancreas]] and [[diabetes]] |author_abbrev_bot = |author_abbrev_zoo = |influences = [[Josef von Mering]] |influenced = |prizes = |religion = [[Jewish]] |footnotes = |signature = }} '''Oskar Minkowski''' ([[January 13]] [[1858]], [[Kaunas]], [[Lithuania]] - [[July 18]] [[1931]], Sanatorium Fürstenburg an der Havel, [[Mecklenburg-Strelitz]], [[Germany]] was a famous scientist of [[Jewish]][http://thisdayinjewishhistory.blogspot.com/2007_01_01_archive.html] descent. He held a [[Professor|professorate]] at the [[University of Breslau]] and is most famous for his research on diabetes. He is the brother of the [[mathematician]] [[Hermann Minkowski]] and father of [[astrophysicist]] [[Rudolph Minkowski]]. ==Discovery of the role of pancreas in diabetes== Minkowski worked with [[Josef von Mering]] on the study of [[diabetes]] at the [[University of Strasbourg]]. Their landmark study in [[1889]] in dogs induced diabetes by removing their pancreas. It was Minkowski who performed the operation and made the crucial link to recognize that the symptoms of the treated dogs were due to diabetes. Thus they were able to indicate that the [[pancreas]] contained regulators to control [[blood sugar]]; they also provided model for the study of diabetes. Their work led other doctors and scientists to pursue further research on the relation of the pancreas to diabetes, and ultimately resulted in the discovery of insulin as a treatment for the disease. *Joseph von Mering, Oskar Minkowski: Diabetes mellitus nach Pankreasextirpation. Centralblatt für klinische Medicin, Leipzig, 1889, 10 (23): 393-394. Archiv für experimentelle Patholgie und Pharmakologie, Leipzig, 1890, 26: 37. It begins with,'' After removal of the pancreas dogs get diabetes. It starts sometime after the operation and will persist for weeks continuously until their death...'' ==Minkowski Prize== In recognition of the discovery by Minkowski the [[European Association for the Study of Diabetes]] annually awards the '''[[Minkowski Prize]]''' for outstanding original work of a younger investigator in diabetes research.<ref>[http://www.easd.org/customfiles/easd/prizes/mink.htm Minkowski Prize]</ref> ==Notes== {{reflist}} ==See also== * [[Minkowski-Chauffard syndrome]] ==External links== * [http://www.whonamedit.com/doctor.cfm/1616.html Biography] * [http://www.diabetologia-journal.org/past%20masters/Minkowski.htm More on the famous experiment] {{BD|1858|1931|Minkowski, Oskar}} [[Category:German physicians]] [[Category:Lithuanian Jews]] [[Category:People from Kaunas]] {{academic-bio-stub}} {{biologist-stub}} [[de:Oskar Minkowski]] [[lt:Oskaras Minkovskis]] [[pl:Oskar Minkowski]]